2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题一Book3Unit2Healthyeating




1．Since A Bite of China was broadcast, it has enjoyed a great popularity among the audience.
《舌尖上的中国》自播出以来，受到广大观众的喜爱。
2．Although health often doesn't say hello to you before going out of the door, as long as you pay attention to it, care for it, one day, it will come back.
虽然健康常常不打招呼就出了门，但你只要重视它、呵护它，总有一天它会回来的。
3．A diet bad for human beings, it seems, is also bad for the environment.
似乎人类不健康的饮食对环境也会产生不良影响。
4．Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snacks between meals.
你在每一餐中都摄入足够的脂肪和盐就不会对零食那么感兴趣了。

自主排查 夯基固本


Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)diet (n.) 日常饮食 (vi.) 节食
(2)balance (vt.) 平衡；权衡 (n.) 天平；平衡→balanced (adj.) 均衡的
(3)fry (vt.& vi.) 油煎；油炸
(4)ought (v. aux.) 应当；应该
(5)raw (adj.) 生的；未加工的
(6)strength (n.) 强项；长处；力量→strong (adj.) 强壮的；强大的→strengthen ( v．) 加强
(7)consult (vt.) 咨询；请教；商量
(8)debt (n.) 债；债务
(9)limit (vt.) 限制；限定 (n.) 界限；限度→limited (adj.) 有限的
(10)benefit (n.) 利益；好处 (vt.& vi.) 有益于；有助于；受益→beneficial (adj.) 有益的；有好处的
(11)combine (vt.& vi.) (使)联合；(使)结合→combination (n.) 结合；联合体
Ⅱ　阅读单词
(1)roast (adj.) 烤制的 (vt.& vi.) 烤；烘；烘烤
(2)slim (vi.) 变细；减肥 (adj.) 苗条的；纤细的
(3)curiosity (n.) 好奇心
(4)hostess (n.) 女主人；女主持人
(5)lie (n.) 谎话；谎言 (vi.) 说谎
(6)customer (n.) 顾客；消费者
(7)weakness (n.) 缺点；虚弱；弱点
(8)digest (vi.& vt.) 消化 (n.) 摘要；概要
(9)glare (vi.) 怒目而视；闪耀 (n.) 怒视；炫目的光
(10)spy (vi.& vt.) 窥探；秘密监视 (n.) 间谍；侦探
　[单句语法填空]
1．I forgive you this time, but never ________ (lie) to me again.
答案：lie
2．Hydrogen ________ (combine) with oxygen can form water.
答案：combined
3．With ________ (limit) time and attention, we have to be careful about what we look for and what we pay attention to.
答案：limited
4．Children are often full of ________ (curious) and they take great interest in everything.
答案：curiosity
5．A ________ (balance) diet is important to health.
答案：balanced
6．Forgiveness can be surprisingly ________ (benefit) to your physical and mental health.
答案：beneficial
7．The best way to ________ (strength) willpower is to make it into a habit.
答案：strengthen
8．They stood there, ________ (glare) at each other without a word.
答案：glaring
9．He is one of the frequent ________ (customer) in the shop.
答案：customers
10．Don't take his patience as a sign of ________ (weak)．
答案：weakness

联想积累
1．后缀­ness必备名词荟萃
①weakness 虚弱；弱点
②darkness 黑暗
③awareness 意识
④consciousness 知觉
⑤carelessness 粗心大意
⑥happiness 高兴；幸福
⑦kindness 仁慈；好意
⑧sadness 悲伤
2．以­th为后缀的名词
①strength 强项 ②length 长度
③width 宽度 ④depth 深度
⑤death 死亡 ⑥warmth 温暖
⑦youth 青春；青年 ⑧growth 成长


1．ought_to　应当；应该
2．lose_weight 体重减轻；减肥
3．get_away_with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
4．tell_a_lie 说谎
5．win ... back 赢回；重新获得
6．earn_one's_living 谋生
7．in debt 欠债
8．glare at 怒目而视
9．spy on 暗中监视；侦查
10．cut down 削减；删节
11．before long 不久以后
12．put on weight 增加体重
　[选词填空]
tell a lie， before long， lose weight， in debt， cut down， ought to
1．If you waste money like this, you will be ________.
答案：in debt
2．Every one of us can make a great effort to ________ the use of energy in our country.
答案：cut down
3．It is requested that the reporter ________ be to blame for the wrong report.
答案：ought to
4．________ will lead to a series of ill effect, so never does an honest man do that.
答案：Telling a lie
5．________ he came to Canada to go on with his education.
答案：Before long
6．I spent an hour every day taking exercise for the sake of ________.
答案：losing weight

联想积累
1．“动词＋back”短语一览
①win ... back 赢回；重新获得
②look back (on) 回顾
③hold back 控制住
④give back 归还
⑤call/ring back 回电话
⑥take back 拿回；收回
⑦keep back 隐瞒；抑制
⑧turn back 原路返回；往回走
2．lose短语全接触
①lose weight 减肥
②lose heart 丧失信心
③lose one's balance 失去平衡
④lose one's breath 喘不过气
⑤lose one's heart to 倾心于
⑥lose one's way 迷路
⑦lose one's temper 发脾气
⑧lose sight of 看不见


课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
1.“Nothing could be better，” he thought.
他想：“没有比这些更好的了。”
“否定词＋谓语动词＋比较级”句式，表示“没有比……更……的了”。
It can be easily proved that ________________ time.
很容易证明，没有什么比时间更珍贵。
2.According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.
根据我的研究，你我两家所提供的都不是均衡膳食。
neither ... nor ... “既不……也不……”，连接两个同等成分。连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
She is ________________. That's why she needs your help.
她既不聪明， 又不勤奋。那就是她需要你帮助的原因。

答案：1.nothing is more precious than　2.neither clever nor hardworking

直击重点 突破考点

①　balance　vt. 平衡；权衡　n. 天平；平衡(P9)

(1)单句语法填空
①You'd better have a ________ (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
②You'd better balance the advantages of living in the city ________ the disadvantages.
答案：①balanced　②against
(2)单句写作
①When climbing the hill, hold the walking stick firmly to avoid ____________.
爬山时，拿好拐杖，以免失去平衡。
②You are working too hard. You'd better ________________ between work and rest.
你工作太勤奋，你最好平衡一下工作与休息。
答案：①losing your balance　②keep the balance

(1)keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡
keep one's balance 保持平衡
lose one's balance 失去平衡
(2)balance sth.against 权衡；斟酌；比较
(3)balanced adj. 均衡的；客观公正的

②　lie　vi. 说谎　n. 谎言；谎话(P10)

(1)单句语法填空
①If someone avoids looking at your eyes when talking, he may ________ (lie) to you.
②On his way to the city, he found a poor traveler ________ (lie) on the road.
③________ (lie) can't cover up facts.
④She felt tired, so she went and ________ (lie) down for a while.
答案：①be lying　②lying　③Lies　④lay
(2)单句改错
Don't laid the glass on the corner of the table.
________________________________________________________________
答案：laid→lay

(1)tell a lie＝tell lies 撒谎；说谎话
a big lie 弥天大谎
a white lie 善意的谎言
(2)lie to sb. 对某人撒谎
(3)lie in 位于；在于

动词原形
词性
词义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
lie
vi.
说谎
lied
lied
lying
lie
vi.
躺；位于
lay
lain
lying
lay
vt.
放置；下蛋
laid
laid
laying

③　strength　n. 强项；长处；力量(P11)

(1)单句语法填空
As we all know, no one is perfect, and everyone has his own ________ (strength) and weaknesses.
答案：strengths
(2)单句写作
①He has been doing morning exercises to ____________________.
他一直进行晨练以增强体力。
②______________ his diet is that it contains plenty of vitamin and fibre.
他的饮食的优势在于它富含维生素和纤维。
答案：①build up his strength　②The strength of

(1)build up one's strength 增强体力
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
The strength of ... is that ... ……的优点是……
(2)strengthen vt.& vi. 加强

④　limit　vt. 限制；限定　n. 界限；限度(P14)

(1)单句语法填空
①There's a limit ________ the number of times I can stop what I'm doing just so I can help him!
②The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population ________ the limits of this single planet.
③Time is ________ (limit), so you must finish it in 30 minutes.
答案：①to　②within　③limited
(2)单句改错
There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to serve the people.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：serve→serving

(1)limit ... to ... 把……限制在……内
(2)to the limit 最大限度地
within limits 在合理限度内
set a limit for sth. 给某事设定限度
There is a/no limit to ... 对……是有限度的/无限度的
(3)limited adj. 有限的

⑤　benefit　n. 利益；好处　vt.& vi. 有益于；有助于；受益(P14)

(1)单句语法填空
①I'm sure everyone will benefit a lot ________ this activity.
②This is an agreement that is greatly ________ (benefit) to both parties.
答案：①from　②beneficial
(2)单句改错
The rain was of great beneficial to the plants.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：beneficial→benefit
(3)单句写作
China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals __________________ all her citizens.
为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医院的改革。
答案：for the benefit of

(1)benefit from/by ... 从……中受益；得益于……
(2)for the benefit of 为了……的利益
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的
be beneficial to ... (＝be of benefit to) 对……有益

⑥　combine　vt.& vi. (使)联合；(使)结合(P15)

单句写作
①It is important that we ________ theory with practice.
我们把理论和实践结合起来是重要的。
②This drug can be safely used ________________ other medicines.
这种药可以同其他药物一起安全服用。
答案：①combine　②in combination with

combine A with B 把A和B结合起来
combination n. 结合；联合
a combination of ... ……的结合/联合
in combination with ... 与……结合/联合


①　get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚(P10)

单句写作
①Don't cheat yourself in exams, for you'll never ________________ it.
考试不要作弊，因为不会逃过惩罚。
②Every now and again I like to spend a few days in the country to ______________ the noise and pollution of London.
我喜欢不时地去乡下待几天，以远离伦敦的嘈杂声和污染。
③If we can ____________ present difficulties, then everything should be all right.
如果我们能克服目前的困难，那么一切都应该会好起来。
答案：①get away with　②get away from　③get over

get away (from) (从……)脱离；逃脱(……)
get along/on with 与……相处；进展
get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事
get over 克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来
get through (工作)完成；接通电话；通过

②　in debt 欠债(P14)

单句写作
①This young couple are always ________ because they never consider their incomes before buying something.
这对年轻夫妇因在买东西之前从不考虑他们的收入而总负债。
②To their delight, after years of hard work, they finally ________________ all their debts.
使他们感到高兴的是，经过多年的努力，他们终于还清了所有债务。
③You saved my life and I am forever ____________.
你救了我的命，我将永远感激不尽。
答案：①in debt　②paid off　③in your debt

pay off one's debts 偿清债务
be/stay out of debt 不负债
be in sb.'s debt 欠某人的情

③　cut down 削减；删节(P15)

单句写作
①Gradually, people realize that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”， so they try to avoid __________________ trees.
人们渐渐认识到“绿水青山就是金山银山”，所以尽量减少砍伐树木。
②She used to work 50 hours a week, but recently she ________________.
她曾经一个星期工作50个小时，但是近来减少了。
③When the whole area was ________________ by the flood, the PLA sent food packages there by helicopter.
当整个地区被洪水隔断了与外界的联系，中国人民解放军用直升机送去了食品。
答案：①cutting down　②has cut down　③cut off

cut off 中断；切断；使隔绝
cut up 切碎
cut across 抄近路穿过
cut in 插嘴；强行超车
cut out 剪下；删掉；突然停下来


①　[教材原句]By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.(P10)
到了这个时候，他的餐馆按道理应该宾客盈门的。

单句写作
①He ________ stay in bed because of his illness.
因为生病他不得不待在床上。
②He ____________ his parents like that.
他本不应该那样对待他的父母。
③He said I ____________ an article about it.
他说我应该写一篇关于那件事的文章。
④He ____________ here soon—he left home early.
他应该很快就到这里——他很早就离开家了。
答案：①has/had to　②shouldn't/oughtn't to have treated
③ought to/should write　④ought to be

情态动词的基本用法：
(1)ought to表示责任和义务，意为“应该”，与should同义。还表示可能性，一般指较大的可能性，意为“按道理应该”。
(2)have to意为“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式和疑问形式需要借助于助动词do。在否定结构中，don't have to表示“不必”；mustn't表示“禁止，不许”。
(3)need作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，表示“需要，有必要”，无人称和数的变化，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。作为实义动词，表示“需要”，后跟名词、代词、不定式、动词的­ing形式等。构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do。

②　[教材原句]He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！(P10)
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！

单句语法填空
①I won't have you ________ (say) anything against our motherland.
②It is not a good idea to have the water ________ (run) all the time.
③When he was having a PE class, he had his leg ________ (injure)．
④Don't be worried. I'll have Tom ________ (help) you finish the work.
⑤—Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight?
—Sorry, but I have an important meeting ________ (attend)．
⑥“Tom, do you have anything ________ (wash)？” asked the mother.
答案：①saying　②running　③injured　④help　⑤to attend　⑥to be washed

(1)have sb. doing sth. 意为“让某人一直做某事”，强调动作的持续性；用于否定句中时，意为“不允许/不容忍某人做某事”。
(2)have的其他句式：
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sth. done
have sth. to do 有某事要做(主语自己做)
have sth. to be done 有某事要做(不是主语自己做)

课文回练 升华运用
Wang Peng ran a restaurant which was always full of __1__ (custom) by lunchtime. But one day, a strange thing happened that few people came to his restaurant. Soon he found that people went to a newly­opened one __2__ (call) Yong Hui's slimming restaurant. __3__ (curious) drove him into Yong Hui's, __4__ he was given a menu. To his surprise, he found that the food there was simple and the prices were high. But Yong Hui told the customers that they would lose weight by eating there. He couldn't have Yong Hui __5__ (get) away with telling lies, so he __6__ (throw) down the menu and went to a library. After __7__ (do) some research, he realized that Yong Hui's restaurant didn't serve people with enough energy­giving food. On the other hand, Wang Peng's menu had little protective food. Since neither of them was providing a __8__ (balance) diet, __9__ was obvious that they ought __10__ work together to serve healthy food.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.customers　2.called　3.Curiosity　4.where　5.getting　6.threw　7.doing/having done　8.balanced　9.it　10.to

基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2018·天津高考)It took him a long time ________ (acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
答案：to acquire　It takes/took somebody some time to do sth.“某人花费多长时间做某事”。
2．Tom ________ (take) the money; he was here alone yesterday.
答案：could have taken　could have done表示过去可能做了某事。
3．There is a limit ________ the amount of pain we can bear.
答案：to　There is a limit to ... “……是有限度的”。
4．The beautiful lady sat a little straighter and tried to look ________ (slim) and younger.
答案：slimmer　由“and younger”可知，应用比较级slimmer “更苗条”。
5．Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the importance of a ________ (balance) diet to their health.
答案：balanced　a balanced diet “均衡饮食”。
6．Children are always curious ________ everything they see and hear.
答案：about　be curious about “对……感到好奇”。
7．Being a good teacher, you should know your students' ________ (strong)．
答案：strengths　strength “优点，长处”。
8．Low­income residents can't afford ________ (consult) a doctor or purchase medicines when they get sick.
答案：to consult　can't afford to consult a doctor “请不起医生”。
9．We can't always combine work ________ pleasure.
答案：with　combine A with B “将A与B相结合”。
10．John's ________ (weak) lie in his bad temper.
答案：weaknesses　由设空前的John's可知，应填名词形式weakness “缺点，不足”。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．It's no good ________ (撒谎). It will make matters worse.
答案：telling lies
2．Additionally, you ________ (应该) attach more importance to the direction of the wind.
答案：ought to
3．____________________， you can join us in the Chinese kung fu club.
为了减肥，你可以加入中国功夫俱乐部。
答案：To lose weight
4．Having watched A Bite of China, ____________________________.
看过《舌尖上的中国》之后，他决定以开饭馆为生。(earn one's living)
答案：he decided to earn his living by running a restaurant
5．___________________________________________________________
为了重新赢得顾客，他改进了羊肉泡馍(Pita Bread Soaked in Lamb Soup)的制作方法。
答案：To win back customers, he improved his way of making Pita Bread Soaked in Lamb Soup.
Ⅲ.语法填空
No one loves me more than my parents, especially my father. My father is stout and strong, __1__ a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes. At first sight you may find him hard __2__ (approach). In fact he is very kind and considerate. I believe my father is a __3__ (talent) man. He is decisive and efficient in doing things. By his own talents and years of efforts, he __4__ (provide) his family with a good social position and a __5__ (relative) rich life. Besides, he lives in harmony with others and never quarrels with anyone, so people from all walks of life come to my house, from __6__ I've gained lots of social experience. But at home he is a strict parent who is hard on me and has high __7__ (expectation) of me. I can see that my idling time away __8__ (hurt) him deeply, while if I have done something great and meaningful, such as __9__ (write) a book, he will be more excited than me. I always remind myself I must go on and on, and never __10__ I give up halfway.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”的父亲及父亲对“我”的影响。
1．with　考查介词。此处用“with＋宾语(名语短语)＋宾补(介词短语)”构成with的复合结构。
2．to approach　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式和hard一起作宾语补足语。
3．talented　考查词性转换。修饰名词man应用talent的形容词形式talented作定语。talented “有才能的，有才干的”。
4．has provided　考查动词的时态。分析语境可知，此处应用现在完成时表示父亲多年的努力和辛苦对现在产生的积极影响。
5．relatively　考查词性转换。修饰形容词rich应用副词。
6．whom　考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是people，指人，关系词在介词后面，作宾语，故填whom。此处表示“我”从来自各行各业的人那里获得丰富的社会经验。
7．expectations　考查名词。expectation作“期望”讲时，通常用复数形式；have high expectations of sb.“对某人寄予厚望”。
8．hurts　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示“我”虚度光阴深深地伤害了他。结合上下文时态判断，此处应用一般现在时，动名词的复合结构“my idling time away”作主语，谓语动词用单数，故此空应填hurts。
9．writing　考查非谓语动词。such as后接名词或动名词，引出列举的内容，故应用动名词。
10．will　考查助动词。此句是否定副词never位于句首的倒装句，故此空应填入助动词或情态动词，结合语境可知，此处表示“我”的决心和承诺，故用助动词will。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Dear Li Ming，
I am writing to ask about if you are able to do me a favor. I want to have a pen friend, who'd better being a girl in her early twenty, and with interests similar to mine. In my mind, she is someone interesting in traveling, swimming, and playing table tennis. Beside, it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have been keeping that at home for some time. With such a pen pal, I hope I can share her my experiences in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in the common. I believe I would improve my English by doing so and learning more about her country. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Li Ming，
I am writing to ask ∕ you are able to do me a favor. I want to have a pen friend, who'd better a girl in her early ， and with interests similar to mine. In my mind, she is someone in traveling, swimming, and playing table tennis. ， it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have been keeping at home for some time. With such a pen pal, I hope I can share her my experiences in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in common. I believe I improve my English by doing so and more about her country. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
难项分析：
第一处：去掉about或if→whether　考查宾语从句的连接词。由介词about可知，应用whether引导宾语从句，介词后的宾语从句一般不用if引导。也可去掉about，由if引导该宾语从句。
第五处：Beside→Besides　考查副词。besides在此处的意思是“此外”，beside是介词，意为“在……旁边”，根据语境可知，应把Beside改为Besides。
第十处：learning→learn　考查情态动词的用法。此处的动词和前面的improve并列，位于情态动词后，共同作宾语从句的谓语，故把learning改为learn。