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2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题四Book6Unit1Art
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1．It was here that he learned he could improve his paintings by following the methods used in the movie.
正是在这里，他意识到他可以按照电影中使用的方法来改善他的画作。
2．Yet Bonestell's paintings looked so real that some people thought they were photographs.
然而，博内斯特尔的画看起来如此逼真，以至于有些人认为它们是照片。
3．Apparently, our room was filled with a festive atmosphere with different papercuts on its windows, such as a fish and the Chinese character “Fu”．
显然，窗户上贴着诸如鱼和“福”字窗花，屋子里洋溢着节日的气氛。
4．With our attention focused on the craftsman, we were delighted to see a vivid dough figurine produced.
全神贯注于这位手工艺人身上，我们高兴地看到一个栩栩如生的面人被制作出来。
自主排查 夯基固本
Ⅰ 核心单词
(1)faith (n.) 信任；信心；信念→faithful (adj.) 忠实的→faithfully (adv.) 忠实地
(2)aim (n.) 目标；目的 (vi.& vt.) 瞄准；(向某方向)努力→aimless (adj.) 没有目标的；无目的的→aimlessly (adv.) 漫无目的地
(3)typical (adj.) 典型的；有代表性的→type (n.) 类型，典型
(4)evident (adj.) 明显的；明白的→evidence (n.) 证据
(5)adopt (vt.) 采用；采纳；收养→adopted (adj.) 收养的；领养的→adoption (n.) 收养；采用
(6)possess (vt.) 拥有；具有；支配→possession (n.) 所有；财产
(7)attempt (n.) 努力；尝试；企图 (vt.) 尝试；企图
(8)predict (vt.) 预言；预告；预测→prediction (n.) 预言→predictor (n.) 预言者
(9)specific (adj.) 确切的；特定的
(10)appeal (vi.) 有感染力；呼吁；求助 (vt.) 将……上诉 (n.) 呼吁；恳求
Ⅱ 阅读单词
(1)abstract (adj.) 抽象的；深奥的 (n.) 摘要
(2)superb (adj.) 卓越的；杰出的；极好的
(3)technique (n.) 技术；方法；技能
(4)shadow (n.) 阴影；影子
(5)ridiculous (adj.) 荒谬的；可笑的
(6)figure (n.) 画像；身材；数字
(7)aggressive (adj.) 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的
(8)bunch (n.) 束；串
(9)preference (n.) 喜爱；偏爱
(10)reputation (n.) 名声；名誉
(11)civilization (n.) 文明；文化；文明社会
[单句语法填空]
1．Before listening, go through the paper ________ (predict) what will be read in the listening materials, and you can get a general idea.
答案：to predict
2．I was walking ________ (aim) on the street when I came across a friend of mine.
答案：aimlessly
3．We're trying to bring out the artistic talents ________ (possess) by many people but we don't realize it.
答案：possessed
4．These are all ________ (type) Chinese activities, and I believe you will have great fun.
答案：typical
5．________ (evident) shows that recent lifestyle changes may be affecting French eating habits.
答案：Evidence
6．One reason for her ________ (prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
答案：preference
7．We must be honest and ________ (faith) to the people.
答案：faithful
8．In no way am I going ________ (adopt) any of his methods.
答案：to adopt
9．________ (attempt) to change someone else's attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.
答案：Attempting
10．________ (appeal) to the consumers, more and more advertisers are using images of pop stars in their ads.
答案：To appeal
联想积累
1．常见互为反义的几对形容词
① ②
③
2．“目的，目标”家族
①aim n. 目标；目的
②goal n. 努力的对象；目标
③purpose n. 目的；意图
④object n. 目标；意向；目的
⑤objective n. 目标；目的
⑥target n. (欲达到的)目标；靶子
⑦intention n. 意图；意向；目的
⑧destination n. 目的地；终点
3．后缀ful构成的必备形容词集锦
①merciful 仁慈的 ②fearful 可怕的
③regretful 悔恨的 ④respectful 恭敬的
⑤sorrowful 悲伤的 ⑥tearful 含泪的
⑦frightful 极坏的；十分严重的
⑧joyful 高兴的；快乐的
⑨peaceful 和平的 ⑩painful 痛苦的
⑪harmful 有害的 ⑫powerful 强大的
1．be_full_of 充满……
2．in a ... way 以一种……方式
3．by_coincidence 巧合地
4．a_great_deal 大量
5．attempt_to_do_sth. 努力做某事
6．on the other hand (可是)另一方面
7．in the flesh 活着的；本人，亲自
8．have a preference for 偏爱
9．at the same time 同时；然而；尽管如此
10．appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣
[选词填空]
on the other hand, appeal to, a great deal, in a ... way, be full of, at the same time
1．To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of shared bikes into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum ________.
答案：at the same time
2．As long as you are ready, you will ________ confidence in the interview.
答案：be full of
3．They talked with each other ________ friendly ________.
答案：in a; way
4．We have learnt ________ from this activity.
答案：a great deal
5．The beautiful scenery in the countryside ________ me.
答案：appeals to
6．So you should make full use of your time to study. ________， it is also important to employ a proper method, which is suitable for you.
答案：On the other hand
联想积累
1．“by＋n.”短语全扫描
①by coincidence 巧合地
②by accident 偶然地
③by chance 偶然地
④by design 故意地
⑤by mistake 错误地；无意中
⑥by hand 手工
2．“in＋the＋n.”短语一览
①in the flesh 活着的；本人
②in the air 在流传中；在空中
③in the distance 在远处
④in the end 最后
⑤in the meanwhile 与此同时
⑥in the way 挡道；妨碍
⑦in the wrong 有错；应负责任
⑧in the balance 不能确定的；尚未决定的
课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
1.But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
但是很显然在13世纪时，思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。
句型“It is＋形容词/过去分词＋that ...”中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。有时也可以用“It is＋名词＋that ...”。
It is wrong __________________________________________.
青少年看不起残疾人是错误的。
2.Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than (visit) any other in New York.
在纽约，比起其他艺术馆，许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。
would rather do ... than do ...“宁愿做……而不愿做……”
To tell the truth, during the holidays, I would rather ________________.
说实话，在假期期间，我宁愿外出旅游，也不愿待在家里。
答案：1.that teenagers look down upon the disabled people 2.go travelling than stay at home
直击重点 突破考点
① aim n. 目标；目的 vt.& vi. 瞄准；(向某方向)努力(P2)
(1)单句语法填空
①They went to Hainan ________ the aim of relaxation.
②Ann was wandering along the street ________ (aim) when she heard someone calling her name from the other side of the street.
答案：①with ②aimlessly
(2)单句写作
One of the activities is the English Corner every other week, ________________ your spoken English, as well as make a lot of friends.
其中一项活动是每隔一周的英语角，其目的是提高英语口语，同时交很多朋友。
答案：aiming to improve
(1)achieve one's aim 达到目的；实现目标
take aim at 把目标对准……
with the aim of 带着……目的；意在……
take aim 瞄准
(2)aim (sth.) at sb./sth. 使(某物)朝向/瞄准某人/某物
aim at doing sth./aim to do sth. 意欲、企图、力求做某事
be aimed at 目的是；旨在
(3)aimless adj. 没有方向的，无目的的
(4)aimlessly adv. 无目的地；没有方向地
② adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养(P2)
(1)单句语法填空
①Without the ________ (adopt) of your ideas, they would have suffered a heavy loss.
②It is said that the teacher ________ (adopt) our suggestion.
答案：①adoption ②has adopted
(2)单句写作
The suggestion that the new rule ______________ came from the president of Student Union.
采纳新规则的建议是学生会主席提出来的。
答案：(should) be adopted
(1)adopt one's idea/advice/suggestion 采纳某人的想法/建议
adopt an orphan 收养一名孤儿
(2)adoption n. 采纳；采用；收养
(3)adopted adj. 被收养的；被采用的
adopt
表示“采纳(意见、计划、方法等)；采用；收养”等
adapt
表示“改编；使适应”
③ possession n. (尤作复数)所有；财产(P2)
(1)单句语法填空
①As the saying goes, “A true friend is the best ________ (possess)．”
②Although he doesn't possess much money, he is ________ (possess) of good health.
③We've already bought the house but we won't take ________ (possess) of it until next month.
答案：①possession ②possessed ③possession
(2)单句改错
Anyone who is in the possession of weapons without permission is considered lawbreaking.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：去掉the
(1)take/have/get/gain possession of 拥有；占有
in possession of 拥有；占有
in the possession of sb.＝in sb.'s possession 为某人所有；归某人所有
(2)possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配
be possessed of 拥有(某种品质或能力等)
in possession of表主动，意为“拥有……，占有……”，主语通常为人；in the possession of表被动，意为“被……占有”，主语通常为物。类似的短语还有：in charge of ... “负责……，掌管……”，in the charge of ... “由……负责”；in control of ... “控制……”，in the control of “被……控制”。
④ attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图 vt. 尝试；企图(P3)
(1)单句语法填空
①You should attempt ________ (solve) the problem, otherwise you would regret.
②When cleaning the walls, make sure the rope is firmly attached before ________ (attempt) to climb down it.
答案：①to solve ②attempting
(2)单句写作
They closed the road ________________ to reduce traffic in the city.
他们封闭了这条路，试图减少市内车流。
答案：in an attempt
(1)attempt sth. 尝试某事；企图(做)某事
attempt/try/intend to do sth. 努力/试图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing ... 尝试做……
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt 尝试……
(3)attempted adj. 未遂的；企图的
⑤ figure n. 数字；身材；画像(P4)
单句写作
①Regular exercise helps us get into shape and ______________________.
经常锻炼帮助我们强身健体、保持身材。
②It didn't take the children long to ________ the correct answer.
孩子们没有花很长时间就算出了正确答案。
③It took them about one week to ________ how to operate the machine.
他们花了约一周的时间才搞清楚如何操作这台机器。
答案：①keep our figure ②figure out ③figure out
(1)keep one's figure 保持体形/身材
a political figure 一位政治人物
watch one's figure 注意保持身材
have a good figure 拥有好身材
(2)figure on 打算；预料到；计划
figure out 解决；计算出；弄明白
① on the other hand (可是)另一方面(P3)
单句写作
①I'm qualified for the job. On the one hand, I'm good at English, enabling me to communicate well with native speakers. ________________， I am easygoing and outgoing, able to get on well with others.
我胜任这份工作。一方面，我英语好，能够与讲英语的人很好沟通。另一方面，我性格开朗随和，可以与别人友好相处。
②Some people say “yes” to this phenomenon. For one thing, they think it can make people care about education. ________________， those top students can set good examples to the rest of the students.
一些人赞成这种现象。一方面，他们认为它可以引起人们对教育的重视。另一方面，那些尖子生能给其他学生树立榜样。
答案：①On the other hand ②For another
(1)on the one hand ...; on the other hand ... 一方面……；(可是)另一方面……
(2)for one thing ...; for another ... 首先/一则……；其次/二则……
(3)first(ly) ...; second(ly) ... 第一……；第二……
② appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣(P6)
(1)单句语法填空
①It is the way he teaches maths that ________ (appeal) to me, not maths itself.
②________ (appeal) as the ad is, the product doesn't work so well as it is being advertised.
答案：①appeals ②Appealing
(2)单句写作
①We should ______________ people to save things that the nature offers us.
我们应该呼吁人们拯救大自然赋予我们的东西。
②They made an appeal ______________ money to build the bridge.
为建造这座桥，他们呼吁村民捐款。
答案：①appeal to/make an appeal to ②to the villagers for
(1)appeal to sb. 吸引某人；(对某人)有吸引力
appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或请求
appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
(3)appealing adj. 有吸引力的；有感染力的
[教材原句]Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.(P2)
没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
单句写作
①Without air, man ______________ on the earth.
＝If ______________ the air, man ____________ on the earth.
没有空气的话，人类将不能在地球上生存。
②Without your help, I ______________ the first prize last week.
没有你的帮助的话，我上周不可能得一等奖。
③________________ the doctor's care, I wouldn't have recovered so soon.
要不是医生的照顾，我不会康复得这么快。
答案：①couldn't exist; it were not for; couldn't exist
②couldn't have won ③Without/If it had not been for
(1)此句中without引导的介词短语是一个暗含的非真实条件，相当于if it were not for/if it had not been for ...，意为“若不是，要不是”，其意义和用法与but for相同，句子用虚拟语气。
(2)除without和but for之外，可引导暗含的非真实条件的还有otherwise, but等。
课文回练 升华运用
As is known to all, art __1__ (influence) by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times.
In the 5th century, the art of the Middle Ages came into being and the main aim of __2__ (paint) was to represent religious themes. __3__ a result, some pictures at this time were full of religious symbols, __4__ (create) a feeling of respect and love for God. During the Renaissance, people began to concentrate __5__ (little) on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude __6__ life. In the late 19th century, some painters became the Impressionists. And they were the first painters __7__ (paint) outdoors. Paintings can reflect the __8__ (develop) of civilization, and it is interesting to predict __9__ styles of paintings there will be in the future. __10__ not try to visit some art galleries to appreciate different styles of paintings?
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
答案：1.is influenced 2.painters 3.As 4.creating 5.less 6.to/towards 7.to paint 8.development 9.what 10.Why
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is high time we ________ (take) pains to solve the social problems.
答案：took/should take It is (high/about) time (that) sb. did/should do sth. “早就到某人该做某事的时候了”。
2．China's highspeed railways ________ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
答案：have grown 句子的主语是复数名词railways，时间状语“in the past few years”常与现在完成时连用。
3．Many people lost their homes and all their ________ (possess) during the war.
答案：possessions possession “所有物；财产”，常用复数形式。
4．We aim ________ (finish) the task by Friday.
答案：to finish aim to do sth. 为固定短语，意为“力求做某事”。
5．I wish I ________ (not eat) so much last night.
答案：hadn't eaten 本句中，wish意为“希望(不可能的事)发生，但愿”，宾语从句常用虚拟语气；本句表示对过去情况的假设，谓语动词应用过去完成时。
6．Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring ________ (figure) in the world.
答案：figures “one of＋名词复数形式”表示“……其中之一”。
7．They appealed ________ the graduates in the whole department to go to work in the places where conditions are hardest.
答案：to appeal to sb. to do sth. “呼吁某人做某事”。
8．My job was to take care of these children until they could ________ (adopt) into a good home.
答案：be adopted 在本句中，adopt意为“收养”，且和they存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。
9．The thief tried to break away ________ the policeman, but he failed.
答案：from break away from “脱离；摆脱；挣脱”。
10．________ your ticket, I wouldn't be able to go to the concert tomorrow.
答案：Without 设空处所在句为without引导的暗含的非真实条件句。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．The idea of working abroad really ________________ (对……有吸引力) me.
答案：appeals to
2．She was believed to be ________________ (拥有) fine and original mind.
答案：possessed of/in possession of
3．____________________， chatting online, they can more freely express their feelings and opinions.
另一方面，在网上聊天他们能更自由地表达思想和感情。
答案：On the other hand
4．____________________________________________________________
自从开工以来，已经在这项工程上花费了大量的钱。(a great deal of)
答案：A great deal of money has been spent on the project since it was started.
5．_______________________________________________________
当我遇到困难时，我总是向朋友们求助。
答案：When meeting with difficulties, I will always turn to my friends for help.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·全国新高三开学联考)A new exhibit at a California museum provides visitors __1__ a modern version of the ancient Chinese art style, “shan shui hua”， __2__ (mean) “mountain water painting” in English. The works show scenes of mountains, rivers and sometimes waterfalls. Chinese artists have been creating the brush and ink works for more than 1,000 years.
Artists Nick Dong and ChiTsung Wu __3__ (find) ways to connect the new, digital generation to this __4__ (tradition) kind of art several years ago. Their works capture the spirit of the style in a new way. The exhibit forces the viewers __5__ (show) down and experience a different world. That was also one of the __6__ (goal) of shan shui hua artists from long ago.
Dong, __7__ was born in Taiwan and now lives in Northern California, said, “__8__ (actual), the exhibit was for all these artists to create a world where they wanted to hide. So, they created a mountain and imagined they could live there.”
One work involves a slowly moving light directed at clear plastic boxes on a wall. The piece, __9__ (create) by Wu, is called Crystal City. Wu said, “If we see this through the light, through the different perspective (视角), we could see there's __10__ new world behind that.”
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在加利福尼亚一家博物馆展出了中国的山水画。
1．with 考查介词。provide sb. with sth.意为“提供某物给某人”，固定用法。故填with。
2．meaning 考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语“shan shui hua”与mean之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
3．found 考查动词的时态。根据“several years ago”可知，空格处应该用一般过去时，故填found。
4．traditional 考查词性转换。该空修饰名词kind, 故要用形容词形式。故填traditional。
5．to show 考查非谓语动词。force sb. to do sth.表示“使某人做某事”。故填to show。
6．goals 考查名词。one of 后面接名词复数。故填goals。
7．who 考查定语从句的引导词。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是Dong，指人，故填who。
8．Actually 考查词性转换。该空在句中作状语，用副词形式。故填Actually。
9．created 考查非谓语动词。create与The piece是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用create的过去分词形式，故填created。
10．a 考查冠词。此处表示“一个新的世界”，是泛指。new的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Dear Dave，
I'm very glad to receive your letter ask for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are my advice. Firstly, as a foreigner, you need to go and join the Chinese learning activity group. And the most important thing is to remember as much Chinese words as possibly. Besides, if you really want to improve your listening ability, you'd better to read Chinese books, listen to the tapes and radio programs with Chinese. You can watch the Chinese TV programs as well. Last but not least, you can make some Chinese friends. Your friends can teach you a lot Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese festival to you, too.
I wish we will have a good time. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Zhang Hua
答案：
Dear Dave，
I'm very glad to receive your letter for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here my advice. Firstly, as a foreigner, you need to go and join Chinese learning activity group. And the most important thing is to remember as Chinese words as . Besides, if you really want to improve your listening ability, you'd better read Chinese books, listen to the tapes and radio programs Chinese. You can watch the Chinese TV programs as well. Last but not least, you can make some Chinese friends. Your friends can teach you a lot Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese to you, too.
I wish we have a good time. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Zhang Hua
难项分析：
第一处：ask→asking 考查非谓语动词。ask与letter之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词作后置定语。
第五处：possibly→possible 考查固定短语。as ... as possible是固定用法，意为“尽可能……”。
第十处：will→would 考查虚拟语气。wish后接宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，且此处是表示对将来的假设，故用would。
1．It was here that he learned he could improve his paintings by following the methods used in the movie.
正是在这里，他意识到他可以按照电影中使用的方法来改善他的画作。
2．Yet Bonestell's paintings looked so real that some people thought they were photographs.
然而，博内斯特尔的画看起来如此逼真，以至于有些人认为它们是照片。
3．Apparently, our room was filled with a festive atmosphere with different papercuts on its windows, such as a fish and the Chinese character “Fu”．
显然，窗户上贴着诸如鱼和“福”字窗花，屋子里洋溢着节日的气氛。
4．With our attention focused on the craftsman, we were delighted to see a vivid dough figurine produced.
全神贯注于这位手工艺人身上，我们高兴地看到一个栩栩如生的面人被制作出来。
自主排查 夯基固本
Ⅰ 核心单词
(1)faith (n.) 信任；信心；信念→faithful (adj.) 忠实的→faithfully (adv.) 忠实地
(2)aim (n.) 目标；目的 (vi.& vt.) 瞄准；(向某方向)努力→aimless (adj.) 没有目标的；无目的的→aimlessly (adv.) 漫无目的地
(3)typical (adj.) 典型的；有代表性的→type (n.) 类型，典型
(4)evident (adj.) 明显的；明白的→evidence (n.) 证据
(5)adopt (vt.) 采用；采纳；收养→adopted (adj.) 收养的；领养的→adoption (n.) 收养；采用
(6)possess (vt.) 拥有；具有；支配→possession (n.) 所有；财产
(7)attempt (n.) 努力；尝试；企图 (vt.) 尝试；企图
(8)predict (vt.) 预言；预告；预测→prediction (n.) 预言→predictor (n.) 预言者
(9)specific (adj.) 确切的；特定的
(10)appeal (vi.) 有感染力；呼吁；求助 (vt.) 将……上诉 (n.) 呼吁；恳求
Ⅱ 阅读单词
(1)abstract (adj.) 抽象的；深奥的 (n.) 摘要
(2)superb (adj.) 卓越的；杰出的；极好的
(3)technique (n.) 技术；方法；技能
(4)shadow (n.) 阴影；影子
(5)ridiculous (adj.) 荒谬的；可笑的
(6)figure (n.) 画像；身材；数字
(7)aggressive (adj.) 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的
(8)bunch (n.) 束；串
(9)preference (n.) 喜爱；偏爱
(10)reputation (n.) 名声；名誉
(11)civilization (n.) 文明；文化；文明社会
[单句语法填空]
1．Before listening, go through the paper ________ (predict) what will be read in the listening materials, and you can get a general idea.
答案：to predict
2．I was walking ________ (aim) on the street when I came across a friend of mine.
答案：aimlessly
3．We're trying to bring out the artistic talents ________ (possess) by many people but we don't realize it.
答案：possessed
4．These are all ________ (type) Chinese activities, and I believe you will have great fun.
答案：typical
5．________ (evident) shows that recent lifestyle changes may be affecting French eating habits.
答案：Evidence
6．One reason for her ________ (prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
答案：preference
7．We must be honest and ________ (faith) to the people.
答案：faithful
8．In no way am I going ________ (adopt) any of his methods.
答案：to adopt
9．________ (attempt) to change someone else's attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.
答案：Attempting
10．________ (appeal) to the consumers, more and more advertisers are using images of pop stars in their ads.
答案：To appeal
联想积累
1．常见互为反义的几对形容词
① ②
③
2．“目的，目标”家族
①aim n. 目标；目的
②goal n. 努力的对象；目标
③purpose n. 目的；意图
④object n. 目标；意向；目的
⑤objective n. 目标；目的
⑥target n. (欲达到的)目标；靶子
⑦intention n. 意图；意向；目的
⑧destination n. 目的地；终点
3．后缀ful构成的必备形容词集锦
①merciful 仁慈的 ②fearful 可怕的
③regretful 悔恨的 ④respectful 恭敬的
⑤sorrowful 悲伤的 ⑥tearful 含泪的
⑦frightful 极坏的；十分严重的
⑧joyful 高兴的；快乐的
⑨peaceful 和平的 ⑩painful 痛苦的
⑪harmful 有害的 ⑫powerful 强大的
1．be_full_of 充满……
2．in a ... way 以一种……方式
3．by_coincidence 巧合地
4．a_great_deal 大量
5．attempt_to_do_sth. 努力做某事
6．on the other hand (可是)另一方面
7．in the flesh 活着的；本人，亲自
8．have a preference for 偏爱
9．at the same time 同时；然而；尽管如此
10．appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣
[选词填空]
on the other hand, appeal to, a great deal, in a ... way, be full of, at the same time
1．To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of shared bikes into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum ________.
答案：at the same time
2．As long as you are ready, you will ________ confidence in the interview.
答案：be full of
3．They talked with each other ________ friendly ________.
答案：in a; way
4．We have learnt ________ from this activity.
答案：a great deal
5．The beautiful scenery in the countryside ________ me.
答案：appeals to
6．So you should make full use of your time to study. ________， it is also important to employ a proper method, which is suitable for you.
答案：On the other hand
联想积累
1．“by＋n.”短语全扫描
①by coincidence 巧合地
②by accident 偶然地
③by chance 偶然地
④by design 故意地
⑤by mistake 错误地；无意中
⑥by hand 手工
2．“in＋the＋n.”短语一览
①in the flesh 活着的；本人
②in the air 在流传中；在空中
③in the distance 在远处
④in the end 最后
⑤in the meanwhile 与此同时
⑥in the way 挡道；妨碍
⑦in the wrong 有错；应负责任
⑧in the balance 不能确定的；尚未决定的
课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
1.But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
但是很显然在13世纪时，思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。
句型“It is＋形容词/过去分词＋that ...”中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。有时也可以用“It is＋名词＋that ...”。
It is wrong __________________________________________.
青少年看不起残疾人是错误的。
2.Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than (visit) any other in New York.
在纽约，比起其他艺术馆，许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。
would rather do ... than do ...“宁愿做……而不愿做……”
To tell the truth, during the holidays, I would rather ________________.
说实话，在假期期间，我宁愿外出旅游，也不愿待在家里。
答案：1.that teenagers look down upon the disabled people 2.go travelling than stay at home
直击重点 突破考点
① aim n. 目标；目的 vt.& vi. 瞄准；(向某方向)努力(P2)
(1)单句语法填空
①They went to Hainan ________ the aim of relaxation.
②Ann was wandering along the street ________ (aim) when she heard someone calling her name from the other side of the street.
答案：①with ②aimlessly
(2)单句写作
One of the activities is the English Corner every other week, ________________ your spoken English, as well as make a lot of friends.
其中一项活动是每隔一周的英语角，其目的是提高英语口语，同时交很多朋友。
答案：aiming to improve
(1)achieve one's aim 达到目的；实现目标
take aim at 把目标对准……
with the aim of 带着……目的；意在……
take aim 瞄准
(2)aim (sth.) at sb./sth. 使(某物)朝向/瞄准某人/某物
aim at doing sth./aim to do sth. 意欲、企图、力求做某事
be aimed at 目的是；旨在
(3)aimless adj. 没有方向的，无目的的
(4)aimlessly adv. 无目的地；没有方向地
② adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养(P2)
(1)单句语法填空
①Without the ________ (adopt) of your ideas, they would have suffered a heavy loss.
②It is said that the teacher ________ (adopt) our suggestion.
答案：①adoption ②has adopted
(2)单句写作
The suggestion that the new rule ______________ came from the president of Student Union.
采纳新规则的建议是学生会主席提出来的。
答案：(should) be adopted
(1)adopt one's idea/advice/suggestion 采纳某人的想法/建议
adopt an orphan 收养一名孤儿
(2)adoption n. 采纳；采用；收养
(3)adopted adj. 被收养的；被采用的
adopt
表示“采纳(意见、计划、方法等)；采用；收养”等
adapt
表示“改编；使适应”
③ possession n. (尤作复数)所有；财产(P2)
(1)单句语法填空
①As the saying goes, “A true friend is the best ________ (possess)．”
②Although he doesn't possess much money, he is ________ (possess) of good health.
③We've already bought the house but we won't take ________ (possess) of it until next month.
答案：①possession ②possessed ③possession
(2)单句改错
Anyone who is in the possession of weapons without permission is considered lawbreaking.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：去掉the
(1)take/have/get/gain possession of 拥有；占有
in possession of 拥有；占有
in the possession of sb.＝in sb.'s possession 为某人所有；归某人所有
(2)possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配
be possessed of 拥有(某种品质或能力等)
in possession of表主动，意为“拥有……，占有……”，主语通常为人；in the possession of表被动，意为“被……占有”，主语通常为物。类似的短语还有：in charge of ... “负责……，掌管……”，in the charge of ... “由……负责”；in control of ... “控制……”，in the control of “被……控制”。
④ attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图 vt. 尝试；企图(P3)
(1)单句语法填空
①You should attempt ________ (solve) the problem, otherwise you would regret.
②When cleaning the walls, make sure the rope is firmly attached before ________ (attempt) to climb down it.
答案：①to solve ②attempting
(2)单句写作
They closed the road ________________ to reduce traffic in the city.
他们封闭了这条路，试图减少市内车流。
答案：in an attempt
(1)attempt sth. 尝试某事；企图(做)某事
attempt/try/intend to do sth. 努力/试图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing ... 尝试做……
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt 尝试……
(3)attempted adj. 未遂的；企图的
⑤ figure n. 数字；身材；画像(P4)
单句写作
①Regular exercise helps us get into shape and ______________________.
经常锻炼帮助我们强身健体、保持身材。
②It didn't take the children long to ________ the correct answer.
孩子们没有花很长时间就算出了正确答案。
③It took them about one week to ________ how to operate the machine.
他们花了约一周的时间才搞清楚如何操作这台机器。
答案：①keep our figure ②figure out ③figure out
(1)keep one's figure 保持体形/身材
a political figure 一位政治人物
watch one's figure 注意保持身材
have a good figure 拥有好身材
(2)figure on 打算；预料到；计划
figure out 解决；计算出；弄明白
① on the other hand (可是)另一方面(P3)
单句写作
①I'm qualified for the job. On the one hand, I'm good at English, enabling me to communicate well with native speakers. ________________， I am easygoing and outgoing, able to get on well with others.
我胜任这份工作。一方面，我英语好，能够与讲英语的人很好沟通。另一方面，我性格开朗随和，可以与别人友好相处。
②Some people say “yes” to this phenomenon. For one thing, they think it can make people care about education. ________________， those top students can set good examples to the rest of the students.
一些人赞成这种现象。一方面，他们认为它可以引起人们对教育的重视。另一方面，那些尖子生能给其他学生树立榜样。
答案：①On the other hand ②For another
(1)on the one hand ...; on the other hand ... 一方面……；(可是)另一方面……
(2)for one thing ...; for another ... 首先/一则……；其次/二则……
(3)first(ly) ...; second(ly) ... 第一……；第二……
② appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣(P6)
(1)单句语法填空
①It is the way he teaches maths that ________ (appeal) to me, not maths itself.
②________ (appeal) as the ad is, the product doesn't work so well as it is being advertised.
答案：①appeals ②Appealing
(2)单句写作
①We should ______________ people to save things that the nature offers us.
我们应该呼吁人们拯救大自然赋予我们的东西。
②They made an appeal ______________ money to build the bridge.
为建造这座桥，他们呼吁村民捐款。
答案：①appeal to/make an appeal to ②to the villagers for
(1)appeal to sb. 吸引某人；(对某人)有吸引力
appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或请求
appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
(3)appealing adj. 有吸引力的；有感染力的
[教材原句]Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.(P2)
没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
单句写作
①Without air, man ______________ on the earth.
＝If ______________ the air, man ____________ on the earth.
没有空气的话，人类将不能在地球上生存。
②Without your help, I ______________ the first prize last week.
没有你的帮助的话，我上周不可能得一等奖。
③________________ the doctor's care, I wouldn't have recovered so soon.
要不是医生的照顾，我不会康复得这么快。
答案：①couldn't exist; it were not for; couldn't exist
②couldn't have won ③Without/If it had not been for
(1)此句中without引导的介词短语是一个暗含的非真实条件，相当于if it were not for/if it had not been for ...，意为“若不是，要不是”，其意义和用法与but for相同，句子用虚拟语气。
(2)除without和but for之外，可引导暗含的非真实条件的还有otherwise, but等。
课文回练 升华运用
As is known to all, art __1__ (influence) by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times.
In the 5th century, the art of the Middle Ages came into being and the main aim of __2__ (paint) was to represent religious themes. __3__ a result, some pictures at this time were full of religious symbols, __4__ (create) a feeling of respect and love for God. During the Renaissance, people began to concentrate __5__ (little) on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude __6__ life. In the late 19th century, some painters became the Impressionists. And they were the first painters __7__ (paint) outdoors. Paintings can reflect the __8__ (develop) of civilization, and it is interesting to predict __9__ styles of paintings there will be in the future. __10__ not try to visit some art galleries to appreciate different styles of paintings?
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
答案：1.is influenced 2.painters 3.As 4.creating 5.less 6.to/towards 7.to paint 8.development 9.what 10.Why
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is high time we ________ (take) pains to solve the social problems.
答案：took/should take It is (high/about) time (that) sb. did/should do sth. “早就到某人该做某事的时候了”。
2．China's highspeed railways ________ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
答案：have grown 句子的主语是复数名词railways，时间状语“in the past few years”常与现在完成时连用。
3．Many people lost their homes and all their ________ (possess) during the war.
答案：possessions possession “所有物；财产”，常用复数形式。
4．We aim ________ (finish) the task by Friday.
答案：to finish aim to do sth. 为固定短语，意为“力求做某事”。
5．I wish I ________ (not eat) so much last night.
答案：hadn't eaten 本句中，wish意为“希望(不可能的事)发生，但愿”，宾语从句常用虚拟语气；本句表示对过去情况的假设，谓语动词应用过去完成时。
6．Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring ________ (figure) in the world.
答案：figures “one of＋名词复数形式”表示“……其中之一”。
7．They appealed ________ the graduates in the whole department to go to work in the places where conditions are hardest.
答案：to appeal to sb. to do sth. “呼吁某人做某事”。
8．My job was to take care of these children until they could ________ (adopt) into a good home.
答案：be adopted 在本句中，adopt意为“收养”，且和they存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。
9．The thief tried to break away ________ the policeman, but he failed.
答案：from break away from “脱离；摆脱；挣脱”。
10．________ your ticket, I wouldn't be able to go to the concert tomorrow.
答案：Without 设空处所在句为without引导的暗含的非真实条件句。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．The idea of working abroad really ________________ (对……有吸引力) me.
答案：appeals to
2．She was believed to be ________________ (拥有) fine and original mind.
答案：possessed of/in possession of
3．____________________， chatting online, they can more freely express their feelings and opinions.
另一方面，在网上聊天他们能更自由地表达思想和感情。
答案：On the other hand
4．____________________________________________________________
自从开工以来，已经在这项工程上花费了大量的钱。(a great deal of)
答案：A great deal of money has been spent on the project since it was started.
5．_______________________________________________________
当我遇到困难时，我总是向朋友们求助。
答案：When meeting with difficulties, I will always turn to my friends for help.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·全国新高三开学联考)A new exhibit at a California museum provides visitors __1__ a modern version of the ancient Chinese art style, “shan shui hua”， __2__ (mean) “mountain water painting” in English. The works show scenes of mountains, rivers and sometimes waterfalls. Chinese artists have been creating the brush and ink works for more than 1,000 years.
Artists Nick Dong and ChiTsung Wu __3__ (find) ways to connect the new, digital generation to this __4__ (tradition) kind of art several years ago. Their works capture the spirit of the style in a new way. The exhibit forces the viewers __5__ (show) down and experience a different world. That was also one of the __6__ (goal) of shan shui hua artists from long ago.
Dong, __7__ was born in Taiwan and now lives in Northern California, said, “__8__ (actual), the exhibit was for all these artists to create a world where they wanted to hide. So, they created a mountain and imagined they could live there.”
One work involves a slowly moving light directed at clear plastic boxes on a wall. The piece, __9__ (create) by Wu, is called Crystal City. Wu said, “If we see this through the light, through the different perspective (视角), we could see there's __10__ new world behind that.”
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在加利福尼亚一家博物馆展出了中国的山水画。
1．with 考查介词。provide sb. with sth.意为“提供某物给某人”，固定用法。故填with。
2．meaning 考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语“shan shui hua”与mean之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
3．found 考查动词的时态。根据“several years ago”可知，空格处应该用一般过去时，故填found。
4．traditional 考查词性转换。该空修饰名词kind, 故要用形容词形式。故填traditional。
5．to show 考查非谓语动词。force sb. to do sth.表示“使某人做某事”。故填to show。
6．goals 考查名词。one of 后面接名词复数。故填goals。
7．who 考查定语从句的引导词。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是Dong，指人，故填who。
8．Actually 考查词性转换。该空在句中作状语，用副词形式。故填Actually。
9．created 考查非谓语动词。create与The piece是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用create的过去分词形式，故填created。
10．a 考查冠词。此处表示“一个新的世界”，是泛指。new的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Dear Dave，
I'm very glad to receive your letter ask for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are my advice. Firstly, as a foreigner, you need to go and join the Chinese learning activity group. And the most important thing is to remember as much Chinese words as possibly. Besides, if you really want to improve your listening ability, you'd better to read Chinese books, listen to the tapes and radio programs with Chinese. You can watch the Chinese TV programs as well. Last but not least, you can make some Chinese friends. Your friends can teach you a lot Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese festival to you, too.
I wish we will have a good time. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Zhang Hua
答案：
Dear Dave，
I'm very glad to receive your letter for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here my advice. Firstly, as a foreigner, you need to go and join Chinese learning activity group. And the most important thing is to remember as Chinese words as . Besides, if you really want to improve your listening ability, you'd better read Chinese books, listen to the tapes and radio programs Chinese. You can watch the Chinese TV programs as well. Last but not least, you can make some Chinese friends. Your friends can teach you a lot Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese to you, too.
I wish we have a good time. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Zhang Hua
难项分析：
第一处：ask→asking 考查非谓语动词。ask与letter之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词作后置定语。
第五处：possibly→possible 考查固定短语。as ... as possible是固定用法，意为“尽可能……”。
第十处：will→would 考查虚拟语气。wish后接宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，且此处是表示对将来的假设，故用would。
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