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2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题二Book5Unit3Lifeinthefuture
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话题二 做人与做事
[对应教材] Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the future Book 5 Unit 4 Making the news
(一)核心素养下的话题解读
“做人与做事”是高中课程标准中“人与自我”主题语境内容要求之一，该内容包括“优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务与社会责任；生命的意义与价值；未来职业发展趋势，个人职业倾向、未来规划；创新与创业意识”等方面。这些话题与学生的日常生活关系密切。高考英语通过这些话题让学生了解正确的人生态度、规划好未来职业、具备创新意识、承担起公民义务和社会责任。
[高考探究]
“做人与做事”这个话题常与阅读理解、完形填空、七选五、语法填空、书面表达等相结合进行考查，分值占有一定的比例。例如：
话题二
卷别
试题类型
文章大意
做
人
与
做
事
2019全国卷Ⅱ
阅读B篇
参与志愿活动的经历及意义
2018全国卷Ⅱ
阅读C篇
影响青少年及年幼孩子阅读行为的因素
2018全国卷Ⅱ
阅读D篇
论述了闲聊的重要性
2017全国卷Ⅰ
阅读B篇
作者救助一只猫头鹰幼雏的经历
2016全国卷Ⅱ
阅读B篇
作者如何通过组装玩具来发现学生的创造力和想象力
2015全国卷Ⅰ
七选五阅读
在遭受背叛和欺骗后如何重建信任
2019全国卷Ⅱ
完形填空
陌生人士帮忙找回失踪狗的感人故事
续表
话题二
卷别
试题类型
文章大意
做
人
与
做
事
2018全国卷Ⅰ
完形填空
大学时期免费的国际象棋课程对“我”生活的指导意义
2018全国卷Ⅲ
完形填空
积极行善，传递正能量，让世界成为爱的海洋
2017全国卷Ⅲ
完形填空
一个加拿大青年赠送环游世界机票的故事
2016全国卷Ⅰ
完形填空
一位英雄司机Larry在路上救助他人的故事
2016全国卷Ⅱ
完形填空
作者的经历告诉我们不能仅凭声音判断他人的品质
2016全国卷Ⅲ
完形填空
作者对Miller King由渴望超越到成功超越后的愧疚之情
2015全国卷Ⅰ
完形填空
作者一家帮助陌生人的经历，并体验到帮助他人的快乐
2015全国卷Ⅱ
完形填空
通过看女儿的足球赛，作者意识到实践是最好的老师
2017全国卷Ⅲ
语法填空
一位年轻女模特的理性选择
2016全国卷Ⅱ
语法填空
减轻工作压力的方法
2019全国卷Ⅰ
书面表达
申请做画展志愿者
2015全国卷Ⅱ
书面表达
邀请外教一同去敬老院陪老人们过重阳节
(二)构建思维导图，提升思维品质
图一 Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the future
图二 Book 5 Unit 4 Making the news
(三)根据思维导图，完成概要写作
图一：概要写作
Going to AD 3008 is really an unforgettable experience. ①Worried about the journey, I suffered a lot from “time lag”. Just then Wang Ping gave me some green tablets, enabling me to go into the future safely. ②Climbing into the capsule through a small opening, I sat comfortably. Soon I felt sleepy and closed my eyes. A few minutes later, we arrived. ③Upon arrival, I felt it hard to breathe because of lack of oxygen. Just then Wang Ping asked me to put on a mask. Then we flew in a hovering carriage freely. What interested me most was when I arrived at a strangelooking house, where the wall, made of trees, moved and the table and chairs rose from under the floor magically. Having eaten something, I went to bed produced from the floor, falling asleep.
图二：概要写作
①Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment as a reporter in China Daily. At the office his talk with his new boss influenced his life strongly. ②His boss first put him as an assistant to an experienced journalist and later told him to cover a story himself. During the interview, he listened for details and prepared the next question depending on what the person said. If the interviewer agreed, he could use a recorder to get the facts straight. ③The boss also gave him an example of the importance of a recorder. Once a footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals to let the other team win, but he denied. With the recording, it was proved that he was guilty. The job is so meaningful that Zhou Yang is expecting his next assignment.
1．The experts will be discussing the endless possibilities of the future.
专家们将会讨论未来的无限可能性。
2．By the year 2030, development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years.
到2030年，生物化学和医学的发展将能够在理论上使人类寿命延长到至少150岁。
3．With all the factors taken into consideration, I believe that you are sure to catch up with others in the near future.
考虑到所有的因素，我相信你一定会在不久的将来赶上其他同学。
4．As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today, with the purpose of developing students' interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.
按照计划，我们今天举办英语才艺大赛，旨在培养学生的英语学习兴趣和实际听说能力。
自主排查 夯基固本
Ⅰ 核心单词
(1)impression (n.) 印象；感想；印记→impress (vt.) 使留下深刻印象→impressive (adj.) 印象深刻的
(2)constant (adj.) 时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly (adv.) 不断地
(3)previous (adj.) 在前的；早先的
(4)guide (n.) 指导；向导；导游 (vt.) 指引；指导
(5)surrounding (adj.) 周围的→surroundings (n.) 周围的事物；环境→surround (vt.) 包围；围绕
(6)tolerate (vt.) 容忍；忍受→tolerance (n.) 容忍；忍耐→tolerant (adj.) 容忍的；宽容的
(7)lack (vi.& vt.) 缺乏；没有 (n.) 缺乏；短缺的东西→lacking (adj.) 不足的；缺少的
(8)adjustment (n.) 调整；调节→adjust (v.) 调整；调节
(9)instant (n.) 瞬间；片刻 (adj.) 立即的；立刻的→instantly (adv.) 立即；即刻 (conj.) 一……就……
(10)settlement (n.) 定居；解决→settle (vt.& vi.) 定居；解决
Ⅱ 阅读单词
(1)aspect (n.) 方面；层面
(2)uncertain (adj.) 不确切的；无把握的→certain (adj.) 肯定的；确定的
(3)press (vi.& vt.) 按；压；逼迫 (n.) 按；压；印刷；新闻
(4)fasten (vt.) 系牢；扎牢
(5)switch (n.) 开关；转换 (vt.) 转换
(6)citizen (n.) 公民；居民；市民
(7)greedy (adj.) 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
(8)material (n.) 原料；材料
(9)recycle (vt.) 回收利用；再利用
[单句语法填空]
1．Last week, I had a meaningful experience, which left me a deep ________ (impress)．
答案：impression
2．He studied chemistry and then ________ (switch) to biology.
答案：switched
3．Turn the volume down, please. I have little ________ (tolerate) to noise.
答案：tolerance
4．There was no one at the reception desk, so he ________ (press) a bell for service.
答案：pressed
5．________ (lack) confidence can lead to a lot of sufferings.
答案：Lacking
6．The direction of the wind is ________ (constant) changing.
答案：constantly
7．The train started ________ (instant) he was on board and he sighed in relief.
答案：instantly
8．You have to make an ________ (adjust) to the new environment.
答案：adjustment
9．Tom is having a hard time getting used to new ________ (surround) in London.
答案：surroundings
10．________ (guide) by the sun, they walked towards their destination through the woods.
答案：Guided
联想积累
1．单复数意义不同的名词集锦
①good 善行；益处 goods 货品
②brain 脑 brains 智力；有智慧的人
③custom 习惯；风俗；习性 customs 海关
④instruction 教导；指导
instructions 用法说明；操作指南
⑤look 脸色；看 looks 容貌
⑥pain 痛苦 pains 辛苦；努力
⑦sand 沙子 sands 沙滩
⑧time 时间 times 时代
⑨work 工作 works 工厂
⑩oil 油 oils 油彩
⑪manner 方式 manners 礼貌
⑫paper 纸 papers 文件
⑬art 艺术 arts 文科
⑭arm 手臂 arms 武器
2．“press”家族
①press v．& n. 按；压
②pressure n. 压力
③impress v. 留下印象
④impression n. 印象
⑤express v. 表达
⑥expression n. 表达；表情
1．take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续
2．suffer_from 遭受；患有……疾病
3．as_a_result 结果；因此
4．(a)_lack_of 缺乏……
5．be_back_on_one's_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原
6．lose sight of 看不见……
7．sweep up 打扫；横扫
8．slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
9．speed up 加速
[选词填空]
1.Tom thought carefully for several days and decided to ________ the job.
答案：take up
2．Don't leave her alone to ________ the house after the party.
答案：sweep up
3．Tom showed ________ responsibility, so he lost the good opportunity.
答案：a lack of
4．In order not to disturb others, he ________ the classroom quietly.
答案：slid into
5．I watched the plane go higher and higher until I ________ it.
答案：lost sight of
6．Many countries are faced with the problem about how to ________ economic development.
答案：speed up
联想积累
1．“v.＋from”短语集锦
①suffer from 遭受；患……疾病
②adapt from 从……改编
③benefit from从……中获益
④date from 始于；追溯到
⑤hear from 收到某人来信
⑥escape from 从……逃脱
⑦die from 死于
⑧result from 因……发生
2．“be＋adj.＋to”必备短语一览
①be cruel to 对……残酷
②be equal to 等于；能胜任
③be familiar to 为(某人)所熟悉
④be harmful to 对……有害
⑤be polite to 对……有礼貌
⑥be similar to 与……相似
⑦be close to 接近；靠近
课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
1.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
我感到累极了，爬上床很快就入睡了。
形容词(短语)可以用作状语，说明主语的特征。
We finally finished cleaning the whole community, _________.
我们终于清扫完了整个社区，很累但是开心。
2.Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.
现在有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。
where引导定语从句时，从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，先行词是表示地点或者抽象地点的名词，如：point, stage, case, situation, environment, race, family, job等。
After claiming my luggage, I hurried to the exit, ________________________________ for me.
认领行李之后，我匆忙向出口走去，杰克已经在那里焦急等候了。
答案：1.tired but delighted 2.where Jack was anxiously waiting
直击重点 突破考点
① impression n. 印象；感想；印记(P17)
(1)单句语法填空
①The first ________ (impress) you leave on your manager is very important.
②I have to say that this opening ceremony was the most ________ (impress) one I had ever seen.
答案：①impression ②impressive
(2)单句写作
The first time I saw him, his sense of humour ______________________ me.
＝The first time I saw him, I ____________________ his sense of humour.
我第一次见到他时，他的幽默感给我留下了深刻的印象。
答案：left/made a deep impression on; was deeply impressed by
(1)make/leave/have an impression on 给……留下印象
(2)impress vt. 给……以深刻印象；使铭记
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人意识到某事物的重要性
impress sb. with sth. 给某人留下深刻的好印象
be impressed by/with 对……印象深刻
(3)impressive adj. 使人印象深刻的；难忘的
② tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受(P18)
(1)单句语法填空
①Being a badtempered man, he would not tolerate ________ (have) his lectures interrupted.
②He is a very ________ (tolerate) and understanding man.
答案：①having ②tolerant
(2)单句写作
The government can't ______________________________ cultural relics.
政府绝不容许任何破坏文物的行为。
答案：tolerate anyone's destroying
(1)tolerate doing sth. 容忍做某事
can't tolerate/bear/stand (doing) sth. 无法忍受(做)某事
(2)tolerate＝put up with 忍受；容忍
(3)tolerance n. 容忍；忍耐力
(4)tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的
be tolerant towards/of ... 对……宽容
③ lack vi.& vt. 缺乏；没有 n. 缺乏；短缺的东西(P18)
单句写作
①____________________， his parents managed to send him to a university.
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法送他上了大学。
②Although she is rich in knowledge, she ______________ practical experience.
尽管她知识丰富，但是缺少实际经验。
答案：①Though lacking money ②is lacking in/lacks
(1)lack sth. 缺少某物
(2)a lack of ... ……的缺乏
for lack of ... 因缺乏……
There is no lack of ... 不缺乏……
(3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺乏/缺少
④ instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；立刻的(P22)
(1)单句语法填空
He made an ________ (instantly) decision to risk his own life to save the drowning child.
答案：instant
(2)单句改错
①The instantly I saw him, I knew he was the man the police were looking for.
_______________________________________________________________
②On arrive, he gave a phone call to his mother.
________________________________________________________________
答案：①instantly→instant ②arrive→arrival
(1)in an instant 立即；马上
for an instant 刹那间
(2)instantly adv. 立即；马上
表示“一……就……”的结构归纳：
as soon as ... , no sooner ... than ..., hardly ... when ..., immediately/directly/instantly＋从句， the instant/moment/minute/second＋从句， on/upon＋名词
① take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)(P17)
写出下列句子中take up的含义
①Playing computer games and watching TV take up much of my spare time.________
②When did you take up painting？________
③Tom took up the story where John had left off.________
④Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？________
⑤Mrs Green took up her bag and left the room.________
答案：①占用 ②开始从事 ③继续 ④接受 ⑤拿起
take off 脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞
take over 接管
take apart 拆开
take down 写下；记下；拆除
take care of 照顾
take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take ... for granted 认为……是理所当然的
② speed up 加速(P20)
(1)单句语法填空
The police car is running ________ a speed of 100 miles per hour to chase after the truck ahead of it.
答案：at
(2)单句写作
①Plenty of fresh air and exercise will ________ his recovery.
充足的新鲜空气和锻炼将加速他的康复。
②The train began to ______________ as soon as it left the station.
一出车站火车就开始加速。
答案：①speed (up) ②pick up speed/speed up
speed by (时间)很快地过去；飞逝
at a speed of 以……速度
at high/great/low/slow/full speed 以高/低/全速
gain/gather/pick up speed 加速
[教材原句]Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. (P18)
由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。
(1)单句语法填空
①________ (follow) by the old man, we went upstairs.
②________ (see) from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.
③________ (surround) by the police, the thief had no choice but to give in.
答案：①Followed ②Seen ③Surrounded
(2)单句写作
__________________， he decided to help the poor boy.
被她的话感动了，他决定帮助那个可怜的小男孩。
答案：Moved by her words
过去分词短语Hit by a lack of fresh air在句中作状语。作状语的过去分词通常是及物动词，可表示被动或完成。过去分词作状语时，意义上相当于状语从句，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随情况或让步等。过去分词作状语，前面往往可以加when, while, as if, as though等。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。
课文回练 升华运用
I am taking up the prize to travel to 3008. I can't believe it so I have to remind myself __1__ (constant). I have no previous experience, so at first I was uncertain. Luckily, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me much help. __2__ (transport) by Wang Ping's parents' company, I arrived in the future in __3__ time capsule. At first my new surroundings were difficult __4__ (tolerate). So I felt uncomfortable for lack __5__ fresh air. Wang Ping gave me a mask and hurried me through to a small room for a rest. Soon I was back on my feet again. Then I __6__ (follow) Wang Ping to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.
Soon I could fly as swiftly as Wang Ping. __7__ I lost sight of Wang Ping because of too many __8__ (carriage) flying by in all directions. He __9__ (sweep) up into the centre of them. Then I caught sight of Wang Ping again and flew after him. Arriving at a strangelooking house, he showed me into a large room. It's fascinating. I had a meal and had a bath there. __10__ (exhaust), I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
答案：1.constantly 2.Transported 3.a 4.to tolerate 5.of 6.followed 7.But 8.carriages 9.was swept 10.Exhausted
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．She can't tolerate ________ (treat) that way.
答案：being treated tolerate doing sth.“容忍做某事”。主语she与treat之间为被动关系，故填动名词的被动形式，即being treated。
2．Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep ________ (impress)．
答案：impression leave sb. a deep impression “给某人留下深刻印象”。
3．________ (devote) to his research work, the professor cared little about other things.
答案：Devoted 本句中含有be devoted to的结构，结合句子结构可知，应用过去分词短语作状语，描述一种状态，即“潜心于研究工作”，故填Devoted。
4．Please pass the papers on to the students ________ (seat) at the back of the classroom.
答案：seated seat在此处为过去分词转化来的形容词，意为“就座的；入座的”，作后置定语。故填seated。
5．Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
答案：where 设空处所填词引导定语从句，指代表抽象地点的先行词position，关系词在从句中作状语，意为“在此职位上”，故填where。
6．In ________ (come) the headmaster, followed by a group of students.
答案：came 表示方向的副词位于句首，且句子主语为名词，句子应采用全部倒装结构。
7．Not impressed with the quality of your goods, I will ________ (certain) not advise others to buy them.
答案：certainly 所填词修饰动词advise，因此应用副词形式。certainly “当然地”。
8．The old man got on the bus, ________ (support) by a girl.
答案：supported the old man与support之间为被动关系，故填过去分词supported，在此处作方式状语。
9．He is always ready to take ________ heavy responsibilities.
答案：up take up “开始担当(新的责任)”。take up responsibility “承担责任”。
10．No one in the carriage had ________ (previous) spoken to the ticket owner before.
答案：previously 句意：早先车上没人和这个持票人说过话。副词作状语修饰动词短语had spoken to。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．We should spare no effort to stop people in remote areas from ________________ (遭受……之苦) poverty.
答案：suffering from
2．Not only did she polish my speech draft, but she also corrected my pronunciation. ________________ (结果), my speech improved greatly.
答案：As a result
3．We made our way home, __________________.
我们回到了家，虽然累但是很开心。
答案：tired but happy
4．____________________________________________________________
我们将为你提供舒适的住处，劳累一天之后可以洗个淋浴。(where)
答案：We'll provide you with comfortable accommodation, where you can have a shower after a tiring day.
5．____________________________________________________________
我们竖起一块布告牌来提醒人们不要毁坏我们的环境。
答案：We put up a board to remind people not to destroy our environment.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·广东省实验中学高三上学期第一次考试)Bank of China and Alibaba are the dream employers for Chinese students, according to a new survey.
The survey of more than 55,000 students, __1__ (conduct) by a research firm Universum, found that __2__ (rough) a quarter want to work for an international company, while only 9% want to work for a startup. Five percent want to start __3__ own business.
When it comes to desirable companies, business students __4__ (recognize) Bank of China as the top choice for seven years, and it shows no signs of __5__ (give) up its lead.
William Wu, manager of Universum, said that banking remains __6__ attractive industry for young Chinese. “China's government is now emphasizing the revolution of the finance industry, __7__ leaves the younger generation with the impression that though banking is a __8__ (tradition) industry, there are still a lot of development __9__ (opportunity)，” Wu said.
Alibaba improved six places from 2014, __10__ (rank) second among business students. It held a recordbreaking $25 billion IPO in September.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章中一项新调查表明，中国银行和阿里巴巴是中国学生的梦想雇主。
1．conducted 考查非谓语动词。survey和conduct之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填conducted。
2．roughly 考查词性转换。此空修饰整个句子，用副词修饰，作状语，故填roughly。
3．their 考查代词。句意：5%的人想要创办他们自己的生意。所以用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
4．have recognized 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语for seven years可知，谓语动词用现在完成时，故填have recognized。
5．giving 考查非谓语动词。介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填giving。
6．an 考查冠词。此处泛指一种行业，attractive发音是以元音开头，故填an。
7．which 考查定语从句的引导词。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子内容用which引导定语从句，故填which。
8．traditional 考查词性转换。此处修饰名词用形容词，作定语，故填traditional。
9．opportunities 考查名词。opportunity为可数名词，作主语，谓语用are，所以用复数，故填opportunities。
10．ranking 考查非谓语动词。rank和Alibaba是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故填ranking。
Ⅳ.短文改错
It was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space. Describing as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate a pull of the earth's gravity. Inside were an exhibition of the more uptodate inventions of the 31st century. A guide showed us around three stop. In the first stop, I saw the “thoughtpad” used for send messages. In the second stop, we were on the “environment area”. There was a waste machine which could swallow all the waste availably. The third stop showed us to how the goods were manufactured by robots.
答案：
It was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space. as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate pull of the earth's gravity. Inside an exhibition of the uptodate inventions of the 31st century. A guide showed us around three . In the first stop, I saw the “thoughtpad” used ∕ messages. In the second stop, we were the “environment area”. There was a waste machine which could swallow all the waste . The third stop showed us how the goods were manufactured by robots.
难项分析：
第二处：Describing→Described 考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词作状语。it与describe之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。
第四处：were→was 考查主谓一致。本句为倒装句，主语为an exhibition，所以谓语动词用单数形式。
第十处：去掉to 考查动词用法。show sb. sth. 表示“向某人展示某物”，是固定用法，to多余，所以删去。此句中“某物”用how引导的名词性从句表示。
话题二 做人与做事
[对应教材] Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the future Book 5 Unit 4 Making the news
(一)核心素养下的话题解读
“做人与做事”是高中课程标准中“人与自我”主题语境内容要求之一，该内容包括“优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务与社会责任；生命的意义与价值；未来职业发展趋势，个人职业倾向、未来规划；创新与创业意识”等方面。这些话题与学生的日常生活关系密切。高考英语通过这些话题让学生了解正确的人生态度、规划好未来职业、具备创新意识、承担起公民义务和社会责任。
[高考探究]
“做人与做事”这个话题常与阅读理解、完形填空、七选五、语法填空、书面表达等相结合进行考查，分值占有一定的比例。例如：
话题二
卷别
试题类型
文章大意
做
人
与
做
事
2019全国卷Ⅱ
阅读B篇
参与志愿活动的经历及意义
2018全国卷Ⅱ
阅读C篇
影响青少年及年幼孩子阅读行为的因素
2018全国卷Ⅱ
阅读D篇
论述了闲聊的重要性
2017全国卷Ⅰ
阅读B篇
作者救助一只猫头鹰幼雏的经历
2016全国卷Ⅱ
阅读B篇
作者如何通过组装玩具来发现学生的创造力和想象力
2015全国卷Ⅰ
七选五阅读
在遭受背叛和欺骗后如何重建信任
2019全国卷Ⅱ
完形填空
陌生人士帮忙找回失踪狗的感人故事
续表
话题二
卷别
试题类型
文章大意
做
人
与
做
事
2018全国卷Ⅰ
完形填空
大学时期免费的国际象棋课程对“我”生活的指导意义
2018全国卷Ⅲ
完形填空
积极行善，传递正能量，让世界成为爱的海洋
2017全国卷Ⅲ
完形填空
一个加拿大青年赠送环游世界机票的故事
2016全国卷Ⅰ
完形填空
一位英雄司机Larry在路上救助他人的故事
2016全国卷Ⅱ
完形填空
作者的经历告诉我们不能仅凭声音判断他人的品质
2016全国卷Ⅲ
完形填空
作者对Miller King由渴望超越到成功超越后的愧疚之情
2015全国卷Ⅰ
完形填空
作者一家帮助陌生人的经历，并体验到帮助他人的快乐
2015全国卷Ⅱ
完形填空
通过看女儿的足球赛，作者意识到实践是最好的老师
2017全国卷Ⅲ
语法填空
一位年轻女模特的理性选择
2016全国卷Ⅱ
语法填空
减轻工作压力的方法
2019全国卷Ⅰ
书面表达
申请做画展志愿者
2015全国卷Ⅱ
书面表达
邀请外教一同去敬老院陪老人们过重阳节
(二)构建思维导图，提升思维品质
图一 Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the future
图二 Book 5 Unit 4 Making the news
(三)根据思维导图，完成概要写作
图一：概要写作
Going to AD 3008 is really an unforgettable experience. ①Worried about the journey, I suffered a lot from “time lag”. Just then Wang Ping gave me some green tablets, enabling me to go into the future safely. ②Climbing into the capsule through a small opening, I sat comfortably. Soon I felt sleepy and closed my eyes. A few minutes later, we arrived. ③Upon arrival, I felt it hard to breathe because of lack of oxygen. Just then Wang Ping asked me to put on a mask. Then we flew in a hovering carriage freely. What interested me most was when I arrived at a strangelooking house, where the wall, made of trees, moved and the table and chairs rose from under the floor magically. Having eaten something, I went to bed produced from the floor, falling asleep.
图二：概要写作
①Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment as a reporter in China Daily. At the office his talk with his new boss influenced his life strongly. ②His boss first put him as an assistant to an experienced journalist and later told him to cover a story himself. During the interview, he listened for details and prepared the next question depending on what the person said. If the interviewer agreed, he could use a recorder to get the facts straight. ③The boss also gave him an example of the importance of a recorder. Once a footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals to let the other team win, but he denied. With the recording, it was proved that he was guilty. The job is so meaningful that Zhou Yang is expecting his next assignment.
1．The experts will be discussing the endless possibilities of the future.
专家们将会讨论未来的无限可能性。
2．By the year 2030, development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years.
到2030年，生物化学和医学的发展将能够在理论上使人类寿命延长到至少150岁。
3．With all the factors taken into consideration, I believe that you are sure to catch up with others in the near future.
考虑到所有的因素，我相信你一定会在不久的将来赶上其他同学。
4．As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today, with the purpose of developing students' interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.
按照计划，我们今天举办英语才艺大赛，旨在培养学生的英语学习兴趣和实际听说能力。
自主排查 夯基固本
Ⅰ 核心单词
(1)impression (n.) 印象；感想；印记→impress (vt.) 使留下深刻印象→impressive (adj.) 印象深刻的
(2)constant (adj.) 时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly (adv.) 不断地
(3)previous (adj.) 在前的；早先的
(4)guide (n.) 指导；向导；导游 (vt.) 指引；指导
(5)surrounding (adj.) 周围的→surroundings (n.) 周围的事物；环境→surround (vt.) 包围；围绕
(6)tolerate (vt.) 容忍；忍受→tolerance (n.) 容忍；忍耐→tolerant (adj.) 容忍的；宽容的
(7)lack (vi.& vt.) 缺乏；没有 (n.) 缺乏；短缺的东西→lacking (adj.) 不足的；缺少的
(8)adjustment (n.) 调整；调节→adjust (v.) 调整；调节
(9)instant (n.) 瞬间；片刻 (adj.) 立即的；立刻的→instantly (adv.) 立即；即刻 (conj.) 一……就……
(10)settlement (n.) 定居；解决→settle (vt.& vi.) 定居；解决
Ⅱ 阅读单词
(1)aspect (n.) 方面；层面
(2)uncertain (adj.) 不确切的；无把握的→certain (adj.) 肯定的；确定的
(3)press (vi.& vt.) 按；压；逼迫 (n.) 按；压；印刷；新闻
(4)fasten (vt.) 系牢；扎牢
(5)switch (n.) 开关；转换 (vt.) 转换
(6)citizen (n.) 公民；居民；市民
(7)greedy (adj.) 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
(8)material (n.) 原料；材料
(9)recycle (vt.) 回收利用；再利用
[单句语法填空]
1．Last week, I had a meaningful experience, which left me a deep ________ (impress)．
答案：impression
2．He studied chemistry and then ________ (switch) to biology.
答案：switched
3．Turn the volume down, please. I have little ________ (tolerate) to noise.
答案：tolerance
4．There was no one at the reception desk, so he ________ (press) a bell for service.
答案：pressed
5．________ (lack) confidence can lead to a lot of sufferings.
答案：Lacking
6．The direction of the wind is ________ (constant) changing.
答案：constantly
7．The train started ________ (instant) he was on board and he sighed in relief.
答案：instantly
8．You have to make an ________ (adjust) to the new environment.
答案：adjustment
9．Tom is having a hard time getting used to new ________ (surround) in London.
答案：surroundings
10．________ (guide) by the sun, they walked towards their destination through the woods.
答案：Guided
联想积累
1．单复数意义不同的名词集锦
①good 善行；益处 goods 货品
②brain 脑 brains 智力；有智慧的人
③custom 习惯；风俗；习性 customs 海关
④instruction 教导；指导
instructions 用法说明；操作指南
⑤look 脸色；看 looks 容貌
⑥pain 痛苦 pains 辛苦；努力
⑦sand 沙子 sands 沙滩
⑧time 时间 times 时代
⑨work 工作 works 工厂
⑩oil 油 oils 油彩
⑪manner 方式 manners 礼貌
⑫paper 纸 papers 文件
⑬art 艺术 arts 文科
⑭arm 手臂 arms 武器
2．“press”家族
①press v．& n. 按；压
②pressure n. 压力
③impress v. 留下印象
④impression n. 印象
⑤express v. 表达
⑥expression n. 表达；表情
1．take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续
2．suffer_from 遭受；患有……疾病
3．as_a_result 结果；因此
4．(a)_lack_of 缺乏……
5．be_back_on_one's_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原
6．lose sight of 看不见……
7．sweep up 打扫；横扫
8．slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
9．speed up 加速
[选词填空]
1.Tom thought carefully for several days and decided to ________ the job.
答案：take up
2．Don't leave her alone to ________ the house after the party.
答案：sweep up
3．Tom showed ________ responsibility, so he lost the good opportunity.
答案：a lack of
4．In order not to disturb others, he ________ the classroom quietly.
答案：slid into
5．I watched the plane go higher and higher until I ________ it.
答案：lost sight of
6．Many countries are faced with the problem about how to ________ economic development.
答案：speed up
联想积累
1．“v.＋from”短语集锦
①suffer from 遭受；患……疾病
②adapt from 从……改编
③benefit from从……中获益
④date from 始于；追溯到
⑤hear from 收到某人来信
⑥escape from 从……逃脱
⑦die from 死于
⑧result from 因……发生
2．“be＋adj.＋to”必备短语一览
①be cruel to 对……残酷
②be equal to 等于；能胜任
③be familiar to 为(某人)所熟悉
④be harmful to 对……有害
⑤be polite to 对……有礼貌
⑥be similar to 与……相似
⑦be close to 接近；靠近
课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
1.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
我感到累极了，爬上床很快就入睡了。
形容词(短语)可以用作状语，说明主语的特征。
We finally finished cleaning the whole community, _________.
我们终于清扫完了整个社区，很累但是开心。
2.Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.
现在有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。
where引导定语从句时，从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，先行词是表示地点或者抽象地点的名词，如：point, stage, case, situation, environment, race, family, job等。
After claiming my luggage, I hurried to the exit, ________________________________ for me.
认领行李之后，我匆忙向出口走去，杰克已经在那里焦急等候了。
答案：1.tired but delighted 2.where Jack was anxiously waiting
直击重点 突破考点
① impression n. 印象；感想；印记(P17)
(1)单句语法填空
①The first ________ (impress) you leave on your manager is very important.
②I have to say that this opening ceremony was the most ________ (impress) one I had ever seen.
答案：①impression ②impressive
(2)单句写作
The first time I saw him, his sense of humour ______________________ me.
＝The first time I saw him, I ____________________ his sense of humour.
我第一次见到他时，他的幽默感给我留下了深刻的印象。
答案：left/made a deep impression on; was deeply impressed by
(1)make/leave/have an impression on 给……留下印象
(2)impress vt. 给……以深刻印象；使铭记
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人意识到某事物的重要性
impress sb. with sth. 给某人留下深刻的好印象
be impressed by/with 对……印象深刻
(3)impressive adj. 使人印象深刻的；难忘的
② tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受(P18)
(1)单句语法填空
①Being a badtempered man, he would not tolerate ________ (have) his lectures interrupted.
②He is a very ________ (tolerate) and understanding man.
答案：①having ②tolerant
(2)单句写作
The government can't ______________________________ cultural relics.
政府绝不容许任何破坏文物的行为。
答案：tolerate anyone's destroying
(1)tolerate doing sth. 容忍做某事
can't tolerate/bear/stand (doing) sth. 无法忍受(做)某事
(2)tolerate＝put up with 忍受；容忍
(3)tolerance n. 容忍；忍耐力
(4)tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的
be tolerant towards/of ... 对……宽容
③ lack vi.& vt. 缺乏；没有 n. 缺乏；短缺的东西(P18)
单句写作
①____________________， his parents managed to send him to a university.
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法送他上了大学。
②Although she is rich in knowledge, she ______________ practical experience.
尽管她知识丰富，但是缺少实际经验。
答案：①Though lacking money ②is lacking in/lacks
(1)lack sth. 缺少某物
(2)a lack of ... ……的缺乏
for lack of ... 因缺乏……
There is no lack of ... 不缺乏……
(3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺乏/缺少
④ instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；立刻的(P22)
(1)单句语法填空
He made an ________ (instantly) decision to risk his own life to save the drowning child.
答案：instant
(2)单句改错
①The instantly I saw him, I knew he was the man the police were looking for.
_______________________________________________________________
②On arrive, he gave a phone call to his mother.
________________________________________________________________
答案：①instantly→instant ②arrive→arrival
(1)in an instant 立即；马上
for an instant 刹那间
(2)instantly adv. 立即；马上
表示“一……就……”的结构归纳：
as soon as ... , no sooner ... than ..., hardly ... when ..., immediately/directly/instantly＋从句， the instant/moment/minute/second＋从句， on/upon＋名词
① take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)(P17)
写出下列句子中take up的含义
①Playing computer games and watching TV take up much of my spare time.________
②When did you take up painting？________
③Tom took up the story where John had left off.________
④Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？________
⑤Mrs Green took up her bag and left the room.________
答案：①占用 ②开始从事 ③继续 ④接受 ⑤拿起
take off 脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞
take over 接管
take apart 拆开
take down 写下；记下；拆除
take care of 照顾
take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take ... for granted 认为……是理所当然的
② speed up 加速(P20)
(1)单句语法填空
The police car is running ________ a speed of 100 miles per hour to chase after the truck ahead of it.
答案：at
(2)单句写作
①Plenty of fresh air and exercise will ________ his recovery.
充足的新鲜空气和锻炼将加速他的康复。
②The train began to ______________ as soon as it left the station.
一出车站火车就开始加速。
答案：①speed (up) ②pick up speed/speed up
speed by (时间)很快地过去；飞逝
at a speed of 以……速度
at high/great/low/slow/full speed 以高/低/全速
gain/gather/pick up speed 加速
[教材原句]Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. (P18)
由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。
(1)单句语法填空
①________ (follow) by the old man, we went upstairs.
②________ (see) from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.
③________ (surround) by the police, the thief had no choice but to give in.
答案：①Followed ②Seen ③Surrounded
(2)单句写作
__________________， he decided to help the poor boy.
被她的话感动了，他决定帮助那个可怜的小男孩。
答案：Moved by her words
过去分词短语Hit by a lack of fresh air在句中作状语。作状语的过去分词通常是及物动词，可表示被动或完成。过去分词作状语时，意义上相当于状语从句，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随情况或让步等。过去分词作状语，前面往往可以加when, while, as if, as though等。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。
课文回练 升华运用
I am taking up the prize to travel to 3008. I can't believe it so I have to remind myself __1__ (constant). I have no previous experience, so at first I was uncertain. Luckily, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me much help. __2__ (transport) by Wang Ping's parents' company, I arrived in the future in __3__ time capsule. At first my new surroundings were difficult __4__ (tolerate). So I felt uncomfortable for lack __5__ fresh air. Wang Ping gave me a mask and hurried me through to a small room for a rest. Soon I was back on my feet again. Then I __6__ (follow) Wang Ping to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.
Soon I could fly as swiftly as Wang Ping. __7__ I lost sight of Wang Ping because of too many __8__ (carriage) flying by in all directions. He __9__ (sweep) up into the centre of them. Then I caught sight of Wang Ping again and flew after him. Arriving at a strangelooking house, he showed me into a large room. It's fascinating. I had a meal and had a bath there. __10__ (exhaust), I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
答案：1.constantly 2.Transported 3.a 4.to tolerate 5.of 6.followed 7.But 8.carriages 9.was swept 10.Exhausted
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．She can't tolerate ________ (treat) that way.
答案：being treated tolerate doing sth.“容忍做某事”。主语she与treat之间为被动关系，故填动名词的被动形式，即being treated。
2．Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep ________ (impress)．
答案：impression leave sb. a deep impression “给某人留下深刻印象”。
3．________ (devote) to his research work, the professor cared little about other things.
答案：Devoted 本句中含有be devoted to的结构，结合句子结构可知，应用过去分词短语作状语，描述一种状态，即“潜心于研究工作”，故填Devoted。
4．Please pass the papers on to the students ________ (seat) at the back of the classroom.
答案：seated seat在此处为过去分词转化来的形容词，意为“就座的；入座的”，作后置定语。故填seated。
5．Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
答案：where 设空处所填词引导定语从句，指代表抽象地点的先行词position，关系词在从句中作状语，意为“在此职位上”，故填where。
6．In ________ (come) the headmaster, followed by a group of students.
答案：came 表示方向的副词位于句首，且句子主语为名词，句子应采用全部倒装结构。
7．Not impressed with the quality of your goods, I will ________ (certain) not advise others to buy them.
答案：certainly 所填词修饰动词advise，因此应用副词形式。certainly “当然地”。
8．The old man got on the bus, ________ (support) by a girl.
答案：supported the old man与support之间为被动关系，故填过去分词supported，在此处作方式状语。
9．He is always ready to take ________ heavy responsibilities.
答案：up take up “开始担当(新的责任)”。take up responsibility “承担责任”。
10．No one in the carriage had ________ (previous) spoken to the ticket owner before.
答案：previously 句意：早先车上没人和这个持票人说过话。副词作状语修饰动词短语had spoken to。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．We should spare no effort to stop people in remote areas from ________________ (遭受……之苦) poverty.
答案：suffering from
2．Not only did she polish my speech draft, but she also corrected my pronunciation. ________________ (结果), my speech improved greatly.
答案：As a result
3．We made our way home, __________________.
我们回到了家，虽然累但是很开心。
答案：tired but happy
4．____________________________________________________________
我们将为你提供舒适的住处，劳累一天之后可以洗个淋浴。(where)
答案：We'll provide you with comfortable accommodation, where you can have a shower after a tiring day.
5．____________________________________________________________
我们竖起一块布告牌来提醒人们不要毁坏我们的环境。
答案：We put up a board to remind people not to destroy our environment.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·广东省实验中学高三上学期第一次考试)Bank of China and Alibaba are the dream employers for Chinese students, according to a new survey.
The survey of more than 55,000 students, __1__ (conduct) by a research firm Universum, found that __2__ (rough) a quarter want to work for an international company, while only 9% want to work for a startup. Five percent want to start __3__ own business.
When it comes to desirable companies, business students __4__ (recognize) Bank of China as the top choice for seven years, and it shows no signs of __5__ (give) up its lead.
William Wu, manager of Universum, said that banking remains __6__ attractive industry for young Chinese. “China's government is now emphasizing the revolution of the finance industry, __7__ leaves the younger generation with the impression that though banking is a __8__ (tradition) industry, there are still a lot of development __9__ (opportunity)，” Wu said.
Alibaba improved six places from 2014, __10__ (rank) second among business students. It held a recordbreaking $25 billion IPO in September.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章中一项新调查表明，中国银行和阿里巴巴是中国学生的梦想雇主。
1．conducted 考查非谓语动词。survey和conduct之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填conducted。
2．roughly 考查词性转换。此空修饰整个句子，用副词修饰，作状语，故填roughly。
3．their 考查代词。句意：5%的人想要创办他们自己的生意。所以用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
4．have recognized 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语for seven years可知，谓语动词用现在完成时，故填have recognized。
5．giving 考查非谓语动词。介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填giving。
6．an 考查冠词。此处泛指一种行业，attractive发音是以元音开头，故填an。
7．which 考查定语从句的引导词。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子内容用which引导定语从句，故填which。
8．traditional 考查词性转换。此处修饰名词用形容词，作定语，故填traditional。
9．opportunities 考查名词。opportunity为可数名词，作主语，谓语用are，所以用复数，故填opportunities。
10．ranking 考查非谓语动词。rank和Alibaba是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故填ranking。
Ⅳ.短文改错
It was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space. Describing as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate a pull of the earth's gravity. Inside were an exhibition of the more uptodate inventions of the 31st century. A guide showed us around three stop. In the first stop, I saw the “thoughtpad” used for send messages. In the second stop, we were on the “environment area”. There was a waste machine which could swallow all the waste availably. The third stop showed us to how the goods were manufactured by robots.
答案：
It was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space. as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate pull of the earth's gravity. Inside an exhibition of the uptodate inventions of the 31st century. A guide showed us around three . In the first stop, I saw the “thoughtpad” used ∕ messages. In the second stop, we were the “environment area”. There was a waste machine which could swallow all the waste . The third stop showed us how the goods were manufactured by robots.
难项分析：
第二处：Describing→Described 考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词作状语。it与describe之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。
第四处：were→was 考查主谓一致。本句为倒装句，主语为an exhibition，所以谓语动词用单数形式。
第十处：去掉to 考查动词用法。show sb. sth. 表示“向某人展示某物”，是固定用法，to多余，所以删去。此句中“某物”用how引导的名词性从句表示。
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