2021高考英语人教版一轮教师用书：必修3Unit4 Astronomythescienceofthestars
展开Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars
单 词 拓 展 | 1.exist vi.存在;生存 existence n.生存;存在 2.puzzle n.谜;难题 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑 puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 puzzled adj.感到迷惑的 3.astronomy n.天文学 astronomer n.天文学家 4.theory n.学说;理论 theoretical adj.理论上的 theoretically adv.理论上地 5.globe n.球体;地球仪 global adj.全球性的 6.violent adj.猛烈的 violently adv.猛烈地 violence n.猛烈;暴力 7.fundamental adj.基础的 fundamentally adv.基本地 fundamentals n.(pl.)基本原理 8.gentle adj.温和的;文雅的 gently adv.温柔地 gentleman n.绅士 9.system n.系统;制度 10.climate n.气候 11.multiply vi.& vt.乘;增加 12.atmosphere n.大气层;气氛 13.float vi.& vt.(使)漂浮 n.漂浮物 14.crash vi.& vt.碰撞;坠落 |
短 语 记 忆 | 1.in time 及时;终于 2.prevent...from 阻止;制止 3.block out 挡住(光线) 4.now that 既然 5.break out 突发;爆发 6.cheer up 感到高兴 7.in one’s turn 轮到某人 8.lay eggs 下蛋 9.give birth to 产生;分娩 10.watch out for 当心;提防 |
句 型 整 理 | 1.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 地球变得如此激烈动荡以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续下去。 2.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命发展成为可能。 3.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 而当我试图向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。 |
1.exist vi.存在;生存
归纳拓展 | ①exist on靠……为生 ②exist in存在于……之中 ③There exist...有……;存在…… ④come into existence产生;成立;开始存在 |
高考运用:语法填空
①They cannot exist such a small income.
②No one knows how this world came into (exist).
答案:①on ②existence
exist是不及物动词,没有被动语态,也不用于进行时态。
2.in time及时;终于;总有一天
归纳拓展 | ①on time准时;按时 ②in no time立即;马上 ③at a time一次;每次 ④at one time曾经;一度 ⑤at times有时 |
高考运用:完成句子
①I’m just so glad I was there (及时) to help my son.(2018全国Ⅱ,完形填空)
②The company fired him for not coming to work (按时).
③He can eat 5 pancakes (每次).
答案:①in time ②on time ③at a time
3.prevent...from...阻止……;制止……
归纳拓展 | ①stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事 ②keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 ③protect sb.from...保护某人不受……侵袭 ④keep sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事 |
高考运用:语法填空
①If you like,a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them (turn) brown.(2018全国Ⅱ,阅读理解B)
②Wear more clothes to protect yourself the cold.
答案:①turning ②from
prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.中的from可以省略,而keep sb.from doing sth.中的from不能省略。
4.now (that) 既然
now that相当于since,是连词词组,用来引导原因状语从句,口语中经常省略that,只用now,这时now已经失去了“现在”的含义。
归纳 拓展 | 其他引导原因状语从句的连词: because 因为;since 既然,因为;as由于 |
高考运用:翻译句子
①既然我恢复了健康,我就可以继续工作了。
|
|
②既然你已经长大了,你可以自己做决定了。
|
|
答案:①Now that I am well again,I can go on with my work. ②Now that you’ve grown up,you can make up your mind by yourself.
5.break out(战争、火灾等)突发;爆发
归纳拓展 | ①break away (from sb./sth.)脱离(政党等);打破(陈套等) ②break down出故障,抛锚;(计划等)失败;(身体、精神等)垮掉;打倒,砸破;(化合物等)分解 ③break up 打碎;解散;结束 ④break into 强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等) |
高考运用:完成句子
①When did the First World War (爆发)?
②My car (出故障) on the way,so I was late for work.
③Last night a thief (强行进入) my house.
答案:①break out ②broke down ③broke into
6.cheer up感到高兴;感到振奋
归纳拓展 | ①cheer sb.up使某人高兴/振奋 ②cheer...on 为……加油 ③cheer for...为……欢呼 ④Cheers! 干杯! |
高考运用:翻译句子
①听到他被清华大学录取的时候,我们欢呼起来。
|
|
②他们的工作是鼓舞参赛者。
|
|
答案:①We all cheered up at the news that he was admitted into Tsinghua University. ②Their job was to cheer on the competitors.
7.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.
这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命发展成为可能。
归纳拓展 | ①句中使用了“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。即: make+宾语+宾语补足语 ②当该结构中的宾语是不定式短语或从句时,多用it作形式宾语,而把不定式短语或从句后置,即make+it+宾语补足语+不定式短语或从句。 |
高考运用:语法填空
①Mastering the technology makes it possible for us (use) the Internet more effectively.
②She tried to make herself (understand) while giving her speech.
答案:①to use ②understood
8.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
而当我试图向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。
归纳拓展 | 倍数的表达方式: ①“A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”,表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。 ②“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”,表示“A是B的多少倍”。 ③“A+倍数+the size/height/length/width,etc.+of+B”,表示“A是B大(高、长、宽等)的多少倍”。 |
高考运用:语法填空
①The bridge is three times (long) than that one.
②This room is twice the size that one.
③This street is three times the (long) of that one.
答案:①longer ②of ③length
