2021版英语全能大一轮复习人教版讲义：必修3Unit4　Astronomythescienceofthestars

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Unit 4　Astronomy:  the science of the stars　

Ⅰ. 多维记忆重点单词

※核心单词速记

1. astronomy n.  天文学

2. system n.  系统; 体系; 制度

3. fundamental adj.  基本的; 基础的

4. atmosphere n.  大气层; 气氛

5. gravity n.  万有引力; 重力

6. satellite n. 卫星; 人造卫星

7. multiply vi. &vt.  乘; 增加

8. climate n.  气候

9. theory n.  学说; 理论

10. crash vi. &vt.  碰撞; 坠落

11. pull n. &vt. 拉(力); 拖; 牵引力

12. float vi. &vt.  (使)浮动; (使)漂浮 n.  漂浮物

※联想单词串记

13. violent adj.  猛烈的; 激烈的; 强暴的→violence n.  暴力→violently adv.  猛烈地

14. unlike prep.  与……不同; 不像→like prep.  (反义词)像→dislike v. &n.  不喜欢

15. harmful adj.  有害的→harm n.  害处 vt.  对……有害

16. exist vi.  存在; 生存→existence n.  存在

17. puzzle vt. &vi.  (使)迷惑; (使)为难n. 谜; 难题→puzzled adj.  迷惑不解的→puzzling adj.  令人迷惑的

18. religion n.  宗教; 宗教信仰→religious adj.  宗教上的; 信奉宗教的; 虔诚的

19. gentle adj.  温和的; 文雅的→gently adv.  温和地

用所给单词的适当形式填空

1. She is very religious(religion) and goes to church three times a week.

2. Weather satellites(satellite) have observed a ring of volcanic ash surrounding the earth.

3. The great ship was like a floating(float) building.

4. The violent(violence) blow sent him down on his knees.

5. According to some philosophers,  everything in existence(exist) is reasonable.

6. The bad weather multiplied(multiply) the danger of their exploration.

7. The aircraft crashed (crash)on a mountain after taking off from the airport.

8. What my sister said was puzzling (puzzle) and caused me anxiety.

9. He laid his hand gently(gentle) on her head,  hoping he could make her less painful.

10. Over the years several similar theories (theory) have been put forward.

Ⅱ. 语境记忆重点短语

1. in time 　　　　　　　　　　及时; 终于 

2. lay eggs 下蛋 

3. give birth to 产生; 分娩 

4. in one’s turn 轮到某人; 接着 

5. prevent. . . from 阻止; 制止

6. cheer up 感到高兴; 感到振奋 

7. now that 既然 

8. break out 突发; 爆发 

9. watch out for 密切注意; 当心; 提防 

10. block out 挡住(光线) 

11. do harm to 对……有害 

12. in all directions 四面八方 

13. depend on 依靠 

14. as a result of 因为 

15. be made up of 由……组成 

用以上短语的适当形式填空

1. He braked his car just in time to avoid an accident.  

2. Nobody can prevent him from running the risk.

3. Now that I am free,  I can enjoy music for a while.  

4. We put a thick cloth across the window to block out the sunlight.  

5. Cheer up !  Things are not so bad as they seem.  

6. When the war broke out,  he chose to join the army and fight for his country without hesitation.  

7. As is known to us all,  smoking does harm to our health so it is time to stop it.  

8. The railway station pours thousands of people in all directions.  

Ⅲ. 应用记忆经典句式

1. The earth became so violent that (如此猛烈以至于) it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.  (so. . . that句型) 

2. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop (使生命的发展成为可能).  (make it+adj. +for sb. to do sth. ) 

3. But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as (两倍远) on the earth and fell over.  (倍数表达法) 

4. Walking does need a bit of practice now that (既然) gravity has changed.  (now that引导原因状语从句) 

5. It was not immediately obvious that (很明显……)water was to be fundamental to the development of life. (It is obvious that. . . ……很明显) 

6. Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance (足够幸运有机会)to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. (adj. +enough to do sth. 足够……以至于可以去做某事) 

7. When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s(和地球的引力一样强). (as+adj. +a/an+n. +as结构) 

句式仿写

1. 把故事简化一点,  让它更容易理解。

Simplify the story to make it easier to understand.  

2. 这个广场是那个的两倍大。

This square is twice as large as that one.  

3. 很明显,  我们队将会赢得这场比赛。

It is obvious that our team will win the game.  

4. 他很慷慨地把他心爱的钢琴捐给了贫困山区的孩子们。

He was generous enough to donate his beloved piano to children in poor mountainous areas.  

5. 那个年轻人和他父亲一样是个成功的商人。

The young man is as successful a businessman as his father.  

话题——太空探索

　　随着科技的发展, 人类对外层空间的探索越来越深入。你们班据此展开了一次讨论, 请根据表格中的内容写一篇短文, 并谈谈你的观点和想法。

【参考范文】

 A survey about the exploration of outer space is conducted in our class. The result shows that different students have different opinions.

The majority are in favour of space exploration because the Chinese people have been dreaming of going into outer space for a long time. Exploring space will help China to take part in the international competition in the future. However,  some students argue against it. ①In their opinion,  space exploration increases the economic burden and it needs a large amount of money. ②In addition,  as a developing country,  China should try to solve the social problems.  

Personally,  it’s necessary for us to explore space,  because it has a great effect on our future life. ③As a student,  I will study hard to make a great contribution to our country.

话题词汇摘要

1. 太空探索　　　　space exploration 

2. 梦想进入外太空 dreaming of going into outer space 

3. 参与国际竞争 take part in the international  

competition

4. 增加经济负担 increase the economic burden 

5. 对未来的生活有很大的影响

 have a great effect on our future life 

6. 为……做贡献 make contributions to 

词汇句式升级

1. 按要求升级句①

(1)词汇升级: 用call for 代替句中的词汇

In their opinion,  space exploration increases the economic burden and it calls for a large amount of money.  

(2)句式升级: 用非限制性定语从句升级句子

In their opinion,  space exploration increases the economic burden,  which calls for a large amount of money.  

2. 按要求升级句②

词汇升级: 用be supposed to和make a great effort to替代句中的词汇和短语

In addition,  as a developing country,  China is supposed to make great effort to solve the social problems.  

3. 按要求升级句③

句式升级: 用so that升级句子

As a student,  I will study hard so that I can make a great contribution to our country.  

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