2020届高考英语二轮复习教师用书：2020届老高考英语二轮对点集训：第一板块专题三第五讲情态动词和虚拟语气

[小题夯基练]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．They ____________ (arrive) at suppertime but their flight was delayed.

解析：should have arrived　[should have done sth.意为“(过去)本应该做某事而未做”，分析句意可得出答案。]

2．Maybe if I ____________ (study) science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.

解析：had studied　[根据then一词可确定此处表示与过去事实相反，故if引导的从句部分用had done形式。]

3．Teachers recommend parents ____________ (not allow) their children to watch too much TV.

解析：(should) not allow　[recommend，suggest，advise，order，request，insist等表示“建议、命令、要求”等意思的动词，后接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略，此处表示老师建议家长不允许孩子看太多电视。]

4．He always acts as if he ____________(know) everything.

解析：knew　[在as if引导的方式状语从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反。]

5．If we had taken such effective measures much earlier，the river ____________ (not pollute) so seriously now.

解析：would not be polluted　[从句表示与过去事实相反，由now可知，主句表示与现在事实相反，故主句谓语动词用“would＋动词原形”，且river与pollute构成被动关系。]

6．—What will you do during the summer holiday?

—I don't know，but it's  high time that I ____________ (decide) something.

解析：decided/should decide　[在It's (high) time that...中，that从句应用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should do或过去式。]

7．—Where have you been?

—I ____________ (stick) in the heavy traffic.Otherwise I ____________ (come) here earlier.

解析：was/got stuck；would have come　[第一空表示过去的一个客观事实，用一般过去时；第二空表示与过去相反的虚拟语气主句用would have done结构。]

8．—Would you mind if I set out earlier tomorrow morning?

—Well，I would rather you ____________ (not do)．

解析：didn't　[would rather后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。]

9．I ____________ (not decide) to give a try，but for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it”．

解析：wouldn't have decided　[but for后的真实句表示过去的情况，故空格处的虚拟主句用would have done结构。]

10．Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy ____________ (save) then.

解析：would/could/might have been saved　[if虚拟条件句的倒装结构和主句均是对过去情况的虚拟，且主语time and energy 和动词save构成被动关系。]

Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)

1．You can be Tom.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.____________

解析：can→must　[根据后文的You haven't changed a bit...可知说话者完全认出了Tom，猜测的语气很肯定，因此用must。]

2．Do I need leave my telephone number and address？____________

解析：need后加to　[判断need在一般疑问句中作情态动词还是实义动词要看是否把need提前，若提前，则need为情态动词，若不提前，则为实义动词。本题为实义动词，则need要后接to do不定式。]

3．Have I been informed earlier，I could have done something.____________

解析：第一个Have→Had　[表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中有had时要把had提至主语前，变为倒装句式，没有把have提前这种用法。]

4．Just as I am busy，shall you come bothering me with some questions now？____________

解析：shall→must　[must意为“偏偏……”，常指令人不快的事情，表示说话人的生气或困扰。shall无此用法。]

5．Would you be fired，your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.____________

解析：第一个Would→Should　[虚拟条件句中表示与将来事实相反时，条件从句用should do，were to do或过去式形式。没有would do用法。]

6．When you phoned me，I was having a meeting；how I wish I answered your call.____________

解析：answered前加had　[句意：当你给我打电话的时候，我正在开会。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。wish后的从句中用虚拟语气，根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用had done形式。]

7．I was ill that day，or I will have taken part in the sports meet.____________

解析：will改为would/should/could/might　[由句中or可知此处为含蓄条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。]

8．(2020·南昌十校一模)As a result，I suggest we are given less homework and more time for out­of­classroom activities.____________

解析：are→be　[suggest 在此处表示“建议”，因此后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”形式，且should可以省略，故此处应把are改为be。]

9．(2019·郑州第二次预测)He became very angry，but I dared not to tell him about the game.____________

解析：删除to　[dare既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词。dare的过去式为dared，此处其前没有用助动词，说明dare在此用作情态动词，故后跟动词原形。]

10．People neglect the fact that our parents are the dearest persons in the world，so we should nice to our parents.____________

解析：should后加be　[情态动词后用动词原形，而nice为形容词，因此其前缺少be动词，故在should后加be。]

[大题提能练]

Ⅰ.语法填空——情态动词和虚拟语气专练

　Lucy is an outgoing lady.She ____1____ play many kinds of musical instruments.Actually，she ____2____ play the piano when she was 8 years old.Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day.She says that she has to do some sports because she ____3____ keep slim.“You ____4____ get fat soon if you don't take exercise every day.”She usually says to her friends.

As for her，an elegant lady should try to keep fit.However，last week，she found that she ____5____ put on weight and her husband suggested that she ____6____ lose weight.And these days she'd rather that she ____7____ (take) more exercise every day.However，she is always lacking in time because she has to take care of her children.

One night after supper，she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late.On her way，she thought that the dancing must ____8____ (begin)，and the coach ____9____ have taught or shown many new moves.She was afraid tha her friends might ____10____ (leave)before she got there.She was regretful then.

答案：1.can　2.could　3.must　4.shall　5.might　6.should　7.took　8.have begun　9.could　10.have left

Ⅱ.短文改错

Charlie liked sports very much and he was good for table tennis.And he almost won all the table tennis match in his school.At the second term，a new student Billy，comes to study in Charlie's school.Soon there would have a match between Charlie and Billy.Billy worked hardly to get ready for the match，but Charlie didn't think many of it.When the match began，Billy didn't look like good player.There was always a smile on his face，while Charlie was looked nervous because he just wanted to win.Charlie thought this was more important to win the match than anything，and he didn't win  at last.

答案：