2026人教新版九年上册英语 Unit 4 Our memory ! 讲义

这是一份2026人教新版九年上册英语 Unit 4 Our memory ! 讲义，文件包含2026人教新版九年上册英语Unit4Ourmemory讲义教师版docx、2026人教新版九年上册英语Unit4Ourmemory讲义学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共91页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 4 Our memory单词解析Position (名词) 位置、地方；(动词) 安置、使位于【用法讲解】 position为可数名词，其复数形式为positions，还可译为“职位、职务、立场”。 Eg: The company is hiring for a managerial position.公司正在招聘一个管理职位。She adjusted her sitting position to avoid back pain. 她调整了坐姿以避免背痛。He positioned the lamp near the window. 他把灯放在窗边。【常见搭配】 take a position 占据位置 In position 在正确位置 Out of position 不在正确位置 Hold a position 担任职位 Take a position on... 对...采取立场 Eg: The troops took their positions before the battle. 部队在战斗前占据了各自的位置。Make sure all the chess pieces are in position. 确保所有棋子都在正确的位置上。The goalkeeper was out of position, so the opponent scored. 守门员站位失误，对方进球了。She holds a senior position at the company. 她在公司担任高级职位。The government has yet to take a position on the issue. 政府尚未对该问题表态。【即学即用】She applied for a managerial __________ (位置) at the company. 答案：positionSadness (名词) 悲伤【用法讲解】 sadness为不可数名词，但在表示“令人悲伤的事物”时为可数名词。 Eg: Her eyes were full of sadness when she heard the news. 听到这个消息时，她眼中充满悲伤。There is a deep sadness in his voice. 他的声音里有一种深沉的悲伤。【常见搭配】 With sadness 带着悲伤 In sadness 处于悲伤中Eg: She spoke with sadness about her childhood. 她带着悲伤谈起她的童年。They parted in sadness. 他们在悲伤中分别。【派生词】 sad为形容词，译为“悲伤的”； sadly为副词，译为“悲伤地、不幸地”； sadden为动词，译为“使悲伤”。 Eg: She felt sad wen her best friend moved away. 她最好的朋友搬走后，她感到很难过。Sadly, the old library was demolished last year. 不幸地是，那座老图书馆去年被拆除了。The news of his failure saddened his family. 他失败的消息让家人很伤心。【即学即用】The poem expresses ___________ (sad) about the passage of time. 答案：sadnessRun out (of sth.) 用完、耗尽法讲解】 run out还可译为“时间/期限到期”，后面常接of + 名词。 Eg: We ran out of milk this morning. 今早我们的牛奶喝完了。My gym membership runs out next month. 我的健身房会员下个月到期。【常见搭配】 run out on sb. 背弃/抛弃某人 Run out of steam 失去动力/筋疲力尽 Eg: He ran out on his family. 他抛弃了家人。After working for hours, I ran out of steam. 工作几小时后，我筋疲力尽。【即学即用】汽车在高速公路上没油了。 The car ______ ______ ______ petrol on the highway. 答案：ran out ofReact (动词) 作出反应、回应【用法讲解】 react还可译为“反对、起化学反应”。 Eg: Oxygen reacts with hydrogen to form water.氧和氢反应生成水。How did she react to the news? 她对这消息有何反应？The public reacted against the new policy. 公众反对新政策。【常见搭配】 react to sth. 对...的反应 React with sth. 与...发生化学反应 React against sth. 反对/反抗 Eg: He reacted calmly to the criticism. 他对批评反应冷静。The younger generation reacted against traditional rules. 年轻一代反抗传统规则。【派生词】 reaction为名词，译为“反应、回应”； reactive为形容词，译为“反应性的、被动的”。 Eg: His reaction to the news was surprisingly calm. 他对这个消息的反应出奇地平静。The material is highly reactive to heat. 这种材料对热高度敏感。【即学即用】Plants r________ to sunlight by growing toward it. 答案：reactMix up 混淆、弄乱【用法讲解】 mix up还可译为“混合、掺和、使困惑”。 Eg: I always mix up the twins - they look so similar!我总是分不清那对双胞胎 -- 他们长得太像了！Don’t mix up the clean clothes with the dirty ones. 不要把干净衣服和脏衣服混在一起。The instructions were so complicated that they mixed me up completely. 说明书太复杂了，把我完全搞糊涂了。【知识拓展】 mix可为动词，译为“（使）混合、融合、调配”；mix还可为名词，译为“混合、结合、混杂”。 Eg: It was a good mix of the old and the new. 这是新旧的完美结合。Mix the sugar and flour together in a bowl. 在碗里把糖和面粉混合在一起。【常见搭配】 mix ... with ... 把...和...混合在一起 Eg: I mixed the flour with water to make dough. 我把面粉和水混合在一起做成面团。【派生词】 mixture为名词，译为“混合液、混合料”。 Eg: The city is a mixture of old and new buildings. 这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。 Air is a mixture of gases. 空气是气体的混合物。【即学即用】请别把标签不对的文件混在一起。 Please don’t ________ _______ the files with the wrong labels.Concrete (混凝土) is a ________ (mix) of sand and cement. 答案：1.mix up 2. mixturePut sth. to good use 有效使用（或利用）某物【用法讲解】 put sth. to good use还可译为“充分发挥（某物的）价值”。 Eg: He put his engineering knowledge to good use by fixing the bridge. 他运用工程知识修复了桥梁，发挥了专长。The donated books were put to good use in the rural school. 捐赠的图书在乡村学校得到了充分利用。【即学即用】你应该善用存款，而不是浪费它们。 You should ________ your savings ______ ______ _______ instead of wasting them. 答案：put; to good useChain (名词) 链条【用法讲解】 chain为可数名词，其复数形式为chains，还可译为“连锁店”；chain还可为动词，译为“用链条拴住、束缚、限制”。 Eg: The prisoner was kept in chains.囚犯被锁链束缚。McDonald’s is a global fast - food chain.麦当劳是全球连锁快餐店。She chained her bicycle to the railings. 她把自行车锁在栏杆上。Don’t chain yourself to a desk all day.别整天把自己绑在书桌前。【常见搭配】 a chain of ... 一系列、一连串 Supply chain 供应链 Food chain 食物链 Chain store 连锁店 Chain reaction 连锁反应 Eg: A chain of events led to the accident. 一系列事件导致了这场事故。The pandemic disrupted global supply chains. 疫情扰乱了全球供应链。Humans are at the top of the food chain. 人类处于食物链的顶端。This brand has chain stores in over 30 countries. 该品牌在30多个国家设有连锁店。The protest triggered a chain reaction across the country. 抗议在全国引发了连锁反应。【即学即用】 The dog was tied to a post with a heavy _________ (链子). 答案：chainStable (形容词) 稳定的、稳固的【用法讲解】 stable作形容词还可译为“稳重的、可靠的、稳定的、不易分解的”；stable还可为名词，译为“马厩、训练/培养场所”。 Eg: The patient’s condition is now stable. 患者病情现在已稳定。 She has a stable job in the government. 她在政府有一份稳定的工作。This compound is chemically stable at room temperature. 该化合物在室温下化学性质稳定。The champion racehorse returned to its stable. 冠军赛马回到了马厩。This company is a stable of young innovators. 这家公司是年轻创新者的摇篮。【常见搭配】 lock the stable door after the horse has bolted 亡羊补牢【派生词】 stabilize为动词，译为“使稳定、稳固”； stability为名词，译为“稳定性、稳固”。 Eg: The government took measures to stabilize the economy. 政府采取措施稳定经济。Political stability is crucial for economic growth. 政治稳定对经济增长至关重要。【即学即用】The country has maintained a s__________ economy for decades. 答案：stableLecture (名词) 讲座、讲课【用法讲解】 lecture为可数名词，其复数形式为lectures，还可译为“训斥、告诫”；lecture还可为动词，译为“讲授、训话”。 Eg: The professor gave a lecture on quantum physics. 教授做了一场关于量子物理的讲座。 My dad gave me a lecture about being responsible. 爸爸给我上了一堂关于责任的告诫。He lectures at Harvard University. 他在哈佛大学授课。 She lectured her son for coming home late. 她因儿子晚归而训斥他。【常见搭配】 attend a lecture 听讲座 Public lecture 公开讲座 Eg: Over 100 students attended the guest lecture. 100多名学生参加了这场客座讲座。 The museum hosts free public lectures every month. 博物馆每月举办免费公开讲座。 【派生词】 lecturer为名词，译为“讲师、演讲者”。 Eg: The lecturer used vivid examples to explain the theory. 讲师用生动的例子来解释这一理论。【即学即用】The ___________ (讲座) was held in the main lecture hall. 答案：lectureRetell (动词) 复述【用法讲解】 Retell还可译为“以不同方式重新讲述”，其过去式为retold，过去分词为retold。 Eg: The teacher asked the students to retell the fable in simple English. 老师让学生用简单英语复述寓言故事。He retold the incident with dramatic gestures. 他用手势夸张地重述了事件。【常见搭配】 retell sth. as/ in... 以某种形式/语言复述 Eg: The novel retells Greek myths as modern adventures. 这部小说将希腊神话重新讲述为现代冒险故事。【派生词】 untold为形容词，译为“未被讲述的、数不清的”。 Eg: The book reveals the untold struggles of the scientist. 这本书揭示了这位科学家未被讲述的奋斗经历。【即学即用】She r__________ the accident with tears in her eyes. 答案：retoldMemorize (动词) 记住、记忆 Eg: She memorized all the formulas before the exam. 考试前她记住了所有公式。【常见搭配】 memorize by heart 用心记住 Eg: He memorized the lyrics by heart after listening to the song repeatedly. 他通过反复听歌把歌词背得滚瓜烂熟。【派生词】 memory为名词，译为“记忆、记忆力”。 Eg: As people age, their memory may decline. 随着年龄增长，人的记忆力可能会衰退。【即学即用】Students need to ___________ (memory) important dates for the history exam. 答案：memorizeTick (动词) 给...打勾；(名词) 对号、钩号【用法讲解】 tick为可数名词，其复数形式为ticks，还可译为“滴答声”。 Eg: Put a tick next to the correct answers.在正确答案旁边打勾。The only sound was the tick of the clock. 唯一的声音是时钟的滴答声。She ticked the items on the checklist. 她在清单上的项目旁打勾。【常见搭配】 tick off 打勾标记、激怒某人 Tick away/ by 时间流逝 Tick over 缓慢进行 On tick 赊账 Tick all the boxes 满足所有要求 Eg: He ticked off the tasks as he completed them.他每完成一项任务就打勾标记。His rude comment really ticked me off. 他粗鲁的评论真的激怒了我。The seconds ticked away as we waited. 我们等待时，时间一秒秒过去。The project is just ticking over at the moment. 项目目前进展缓慢。He bought the shoes on tick. 他赊账买了这双鞋。This candidate ticks all the boxes for the job.这位候选人完全符合这份工作的要求。【即学即用】Don't forget to t__________ the box if you agree. 答案：tickGrandson (名词) 孙子、外孙【用法讲解】 grandson为可数名词，其复数形式为grandsons。 Eg: My grandson just started kindergarten this year. 我的孙子今年刚上幼儿园。【即学即用】The old man takes his _________ (孙子) fishing every weekend. 答案：grandsonGo through 经历、仔细察看【用法讲解】 go through还可译为“通过...、消耗、用完”。 Eg: All soldiers go through rigorous training. 所有士兵都要接受严格训练。The lawyer went through the contract carefully. 律师仔细检查了合同。Despite doubts, he went through with the surgery.尽管犹豫，他还是完成了手术。We went through all the snacks in one day. 我们一天内吃光了所有零食。【即学即用】开会前我需要查阅邮件。 I need to _______ ________ my emails before the meeting. 答案：go throughHappen to 发生于、使遭遇 Eg: I happened to meet my old teacher at the airport yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在机场遇到了我的老师。 If anything happens to the documents, call me immediately.如果文件出问题，立刻联系我。【知识拓展】 happen为动词，译为“发生”；主语常常为事。 注意：happen不能用被动语态。【常见搭配】 sth. + happen + 地点/时间 某地/某时发生了某事 Sth. + happen to sb. 某人发生了某事 Sb. + happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 happen along 偶然遇到 Happen on/upon 偶然发现 Whatever happens 无论发生什么 Eg: An accident happened in that street. 那条街发生了一起事故。A car accident happened to him yesterday. 昨天他发生了交通事故。I happened to meet her in the street. 我碰巧在街上遇见她。I happened along the bookstore and bought a new book. 我偶然路过书店买了一本新书。I happened upon a great deal while shopping. 我在购物时偶然发现了一个好交易。Whatever happens, I will support you. 无论发生什么， 我都会支持你。【易混辨析】 happen和take place的区别 happen通常用于描述偶然或突发性事件，强调事件的不可预测性和偶然性； Take place通常用于描述按计划或安排发生的事件，强调事件的计划性和预谋性。 Eg: An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。The meeting will take place next Monday. 会议将在下周一举行。【即学即用】( )1. An accident _____ in the small town yesterday.take place B. happened C. was happened D. took place她碰巧在读和我一样的书。 She _________ ______ be reading the same book as me.答案： 1. B 2. happened toKeep (...) in mind 记在心中、记住 Eg: Keep the deadline in mind when planning your work.规划工作时请记住截止日期。【知识拓展】mind可作动词，译为“介意”；mind也可为名词，译为“头脑、思考能力”。 Eg: Do you mind the noise here? 这里的噪音会影响你吗？She has a clear analytical mind. 她头脑清醒，善于分析。 【常见搭配】Change one’s mind 改变某人的主意 Make up one’s mind （(to do sth.) 下决心(做某事)mind (one’s) doing sth. “介意（某人）做某事” Mind + 从句Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English. 她下定决心提高她的英语。Would you mind my opening the door? 你介意我开门吗？I don’t mind if you have free time. 我不介意你是否有空闲时间。【即学即用】( )1. Would you mind _______ the window?me open B. me opening C. my open D. my opening2. 学习语言时要记住，熟能生巧。 ________ _______ _______ that practice makes perfect when learning a language.答案： 1. D 2. Keep in mind Case (名词) 情况、事实【用法讲解】 case为名词，译为“案例、箱子”等；case还可为动词，译为“把...装入箱中”。 Eg: This is a classic case of miscommunication. 这是沟通不畅的典型案例。The police are investigating the case. 警方正在调查此案。She packed her books in a wooden case. 她把书装进木箱里。【常见搭配】 in case 以防、万一 In any case 无论如何 In no case 绝不 In sb’s case 就某人的情况而言 Eg: Take an umbrella in case it rains.带把伞以防下雨。In any case, we must finish the project by Friday. 无论如何，我们必须周五前完成项目。In no case should you ignore safely rules. 你绝不能忽视安全规则。In his case, hard work led to remarkable success. 他的情况是，努力工作带来了显著成就。【即学即用】就我而言，学习语言需要每天练习。 ______ ________ ________, learning languages requires daily practice. 答案：In my case Opera (名词) 歌剧、歌剧团【用法讲解】 opera为可数名词，其复数形式为operas。 Eg: We booked tickets for the opera at La Scala. 我们预定了斯卡拉歌剧院的票。【常见搭配】 opera house 歌剧院 Soap opera 肥皂剧 Eg: The Sydney Opera House is a famous landmark.悉尼歌剧院是著名地标。My grandmother loves watching soap operas. 我奶奶喜欢看肥皂剧。【即学即用】We attended a classic Italian _________ (歌剧) last night. 答案：operaTicket (名词) 入场券、票【用法讲解】 ticket为可数名词，其复数形式为tickets，还可译为“交通罚单、标签”；ticket还可为动词，译为“给...开罚单”。 Eg: I lost my concert ticket. 我弄丢了演唱会门票。The cop gave him a ticket for illegal parking. 警察因他违规停车开了罚单。She was ticketed for running a red light.她因闯红灯被开罚单。【常见搭配】 buy/ book a ticket 购票 One-way/ round - trip ticket 单程/往返票 Eg: I booked two tickets for the concert online. 我在线上订购了两张音乐会的票。A round - trip ticket is cheaper than two one - way tickets. 往返票比两张单程票便宜。【即学即用】I asked whether they could change my ___________ (票). 答案：ticketWallet (名词) 钱包【用法讲解】 wallet为可数名词，其复数形式为wallets。 Eg: I always keep my ID and cash in my wallet. 我总是把身份证和现金放在钱包里。【常见搭配】 hit one’s wallet 让某人破费 Eg: How Trump’s tariffs may hit your wallet? 特朗普的关税如何让你破产？【易混辨析】 wallet与purse区别： wallet特指男性长款钱包； purse常指女性短款钱包。 Eg: Where did you lose your wallet? 你在哪里丢了你的钱包？I’ve searched high and low for my purse. 我到处找我的钱包。【即学即用】He took out his _________ (钱包) to pay for the coffee. 答案：walletPicnic (名词) 野餐【用法讲解】 picnic为可数名词，其复数形式为picnics；picnic还可为动词，译为“去野餐”。 Eg: The picnic included sandwiches, fruits and drinks. 野餐的食物包括三明治、水果和饮料。We are planning to picnic in the countryside this Saturday. 我们计划这个周六去乡下野餐。【常见搭配】 have a picnic 进行野餐、举行野餐 Go on a picnic 去野餐 Eg: We had a picnic in the park yesterday. 昨天我们在公园进行了野餐。Let’s go on a picnic this Sunday. 这个周日我们去野餐吧。【即学即用】上星期天我们在乡下进行了野餐。 We _______ ______ _______ in the countryside last Sunday. 答案：had a picnicPardon (动词) 原谅；(叹词) 请再说一遍、抱歉【用法讲解】 pardon还可为名词，译为“赦免、原谅”。 Eg: She pardoned his rude remark. 她原谅了他的无礼言论。“Pardon? Could you speak louder?”“什么？能大点声吗？”The prisoner received a royal pardon. 囚犯获得了王室赦免。【常见搭配】 pardon me 用于道歉或打断他人（类似“不好意思”） Eg: Pardon me, could you direct me to the station? 打扰一下，能告诉我去车站怎么走吗？【派生词】 pardonable为形容词，译为“可以原谅的”。 Eg: Her mistake was pardonable since it was her first day at work. 她的错误是可以原谅的，因为那是她上班的第一天。【即学即用】I hope you can __________ (原谅) me for being late. 答案：pardonAirport (名词) 机场【用法讲解】 airport为可数名词，其复数形式为airports。 Eg: Heathrow Airport is the busiest international airport in the world. 希思罗机场是世界上最繁忙的国际机场。【常见搭配】 at the airport 在机场 Airport security 机场安检 Eg: The plane landed safely at the airport. 飞机安全降落在机场。Airport security has become stricter recently. 近期机场安检更加严格了。【即学即用】The new _________ (机场) will open next month. 答案：airportGunshot (名词) 枪声；（射出的）炮弹【用法讲解】 gunshot为可数名词，其复数形式为gunshots。 Eg: The police arrived immediately after the gunshot was heard.听到枪声后警察立即赶到。Forensic experts analyzed the gunshot residue at the crime scene. 法医专家分析了犯罪现场的枪击残留物。【常见搭配】 gunshot wound 枪伤 Fire a gunshot 开枪 A gunshot away 距离非常近 Eg: He was hospitalized with a gunshot wound to the leg.他因腿部枪伤住院。The suspect fired a gunshot into the air. 嫌疑人向空中开了一枪。The cafe is just a gunshot away from here. 咖啡馆离这儿很近。【即学即用】We heard a ___________ (枪声) in the distance. 答案：gunshotGrown - up (形容词) 成年的【用法讲解】 grown-up在句中常作定语，还可译为“成熟的”；grown-up也可为名词，译为“成年人”。 Eg: This restaurant has a grown - up atmosphere.这家餐厅氛围适合成年人。She finally made a grown - up decision. 她最终做出了成熟的决定。When I was six, I couldn’t wait to be a grown - up.六岁时，我迫不及待想成为大人。【即学即用】She has a very __________ (成年的) attitude for her age. 答案：grown - upRecall (动词) 回忆起、回想起【用法讲解】 recall作动词还可译为“召回、撤销、取消”；recall也可为名词，译为“记忆力、回想”。 Eg: I can’t recall her name right now.我一时想不起她的名字。The company recalled all the defective toys. 公司召回了所有有缺陷的玩具。The judge recalled his earlier ruling. 法官撤销了先前的裁决。The sudden recall of childhood memories moved her. 突然涌现的童年回忆打动了她。【常见搭配】 recall doing sth. 记得做过某事 Beyond recall 无法挽回、记不起 Recall to mind 使想起 Eg: She recalled meeting him in Paris. 她记得在巴黎见过他。The data was deleted beyond recall. 数据被永久删除无法恢复。This song recalls to mind my college days. 这首歌让我想起大学时光。【即学即用】I can still r________ the first time we met, it was raining heavily that day. 答案：recallGrapevine (名词) 葡萄藤、葡萄树【用法讲解】 grapevine为可数名词，其复数形式为grapevines，还可译为“小道消息、谣言”。 Eg: The grapevines in this region produce excellent wine.该地区的葡萄藤能酿出优质葡萄酒。I heard through the grapevine that they’re getting married. 我听小道消息说他们要结婚了。【常见搭配】 the grapevine says... 据传闻... Eg: The grapevine says the CEO is resigning. 传闻说CEO要辞职。【即学即用】They decorated the door with a __________ (葡萄藤) wreath. 答案：grapevineBoost (动词) 促进、使增长；(名词) 帮助、增长【用法讲解】 boost为可数名词，其复数形式为boosts，还可译为“推动力、激励”。 Eg: The new policy boosted sales by 20%. 新政策使销售额提升了20%。Coffee can boost your energy in the morning. 咖啡能在早晨提升你的精力。The tax cut gave the economy a boost. 减税给经济带来了提升。She needed a confidence boost before the interview. 面试前她需要增强信心。【常见搭配】 boost sales/ production 提升销量/产量boost morale 提升士气 Boost immunity 增强免疫力 Eg: The marketing campaign boosted sales significantly. 营销活动显著提升了销售额。The team’s win boosted everyone’s morale. 团队的胜利提升了每个人的士气。Vitamin C helps boost your immunity. 维生素C帮助增强免疫力。【即学即用】The infrastructure plan is expected to create an economic b________. 答案：boostTo start with 首先【用法讲解】 to start with在口语中，可表示“一开始就...”。 Eg: To start with, let’s review the basic concepts.首先，我们来回顾基本概念。I told you to start with that it wouldn’t work!我一开始就告诉过你这行不通！【即学即用】首先，项目缺资金；其次，我们人手不足。 ______ ______ _______, the project lacks funding. Secondly, we’re short of staff. 答案：To start withShort - term (形容词) 短期的【用法讲解】 short - term在句中常作定语。 Eg: This is only a short - term solution.这只是个短期解决方案。【即学即用】My __________ (短期的) goal is to improve my English vocabulary. 答案：short - termLong - term (形容词) 长期的【用法讲解】 long - term在句中常作定语。 Eg: This medicine may cause long - term side effects.这种药物可能导致长期副作用。【即学即用】We need to consider the _________ (长期的) consequences of this decision. 答案：long - termTechnique (名词) 技巧【用法讲解】 technique为可数名词，其复数形式为techniques，还可译为“方法、手法”。 Eg: This pottery technique dates back to ancient times.这种陶艺技术可追溯到古代。She developed a new technique for data analysis. 她开发了一种新的数据分析方法。【常见搭配】 teaching technique 教学方法 Eg: The professor’s innovative teaching techniques engage students effectively.教授创新的教学方法有效地吸引了学生。【派生词】 technical为形容词，译为“技术的、专业的”； technician为名词，译为“技术员、技师”。 Eg: The manual provides technical details about the software installation. 手册提供了关于软件安装的技术细节。A skilled technician repaired my laptop in just an hour. 一位熟练的技术员仅用一小时就修好了我的笔记本电脑。【即学即用】The surgeon developed a new _________ (technical) for heart operations. 答案：techniquePassage (名词) 段落、走廊 【用法讲解】passage作名词也可译为“通道、一段时间”。 Eg: The passage is too narrow for two people to walk through side by side. 这条过道太窄，两个人无法肩并肩地走。 There are five passages in the article. 这篇文章有五段。 The passage of time seems to have flown by quickly. 时间似乎过得飞快。【常见搭配】 underground passage 地下通道 Eg: Use the underground passage to cross the busy street.使用地下通道穿过繁忙的街道。【即学即用】Read the __________ (段落) and answer the questions below. 答案：passageLikely (形容词) 可能的【用法讲解】 likely作形容词在句中常作定语或表语，还可译为“合适的、恰当的”；likely还可为副词，译为“很可能”。 Eg: It’s likely to rain this afternoon.今天下午很可能会下雨。She’s the most likely winner of the competition.她是最有可能的比赛获胜者。They will likely arrive before noon.他们很可能在中午前到达。【常见搭配】 be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事 Eg: Children are likely to imitate adult behavior.孩子们很可能模仿大人的行为。【派生词】 unlikely为形容词，译为“不太可能的”。 Eg: It’s unlikely to rain today with such clear skies.今天天气这么晴朗，不太可能下雨。【易混辨析】 perhaps、possibly和likely区别 perhaps通常位于句首或句尾，表示一种礼貌的请求或提供帮助等，可能性较低； possibly表示可能性较小，常与can或could连用； likely表示可能性较大，但不如probably大。 Eg: Perhaps he will leave home for Shanghai. 也许他会离家去上海。 It may possibly be true. 也许是真的。 I’m likely to be very busy tomorrow. 明天我可能很忙。【即学即用】She’s a ________ (unlikely) candidate for the promotion.( )2. _____ you are right.Perhaps B. May C. Must D. May be答案： 1. likely 2. AWear out 使疲乏、磨损【用法讲解】 wear out还可译为“精疲力尽”。 Eg: Cheap shoes wear out quickly.便宜的鞋子很快会穿坏。The marathon wore me out completely. 马拉松让我精疲力尽。【即学即用】孩子们把祖父母累坏了。 The kids _______ ________ their grandparents. 答案：wore outDiscuss (动词) 谈论、讨论、商量 Eg: They are discussing freely. 他们在自由地探讨。【常见搭配】 discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事 Discuss doing sth. 商量做某事 Eg: I discussed the matter with my wife. 我和妻子讨论了这件事。They discussed selling the house. 他们商量过买房子的事。【派生词】discussion在表示一次讨论活动或讨论等具体意义时为可数名词；在表示抽象意义的讨论或讨论的动作或状态时为不可数名词。 Eg: Let’s have a discussion about the new project proposal tomorrow. 让我们明天进行关于新工程提案的讨论。【常见搭配】 under discussion 正在讨论中 Group discussion 小组讨论 Have a discussion with sb. about sth. 和某人讨论关于某事 Eg: The new policy is still under discussion. 新政策仍在讨论中。We had a group discussion on the project. 我们就项目进行了小组讨论。We had a discussion with Lily about the importance of English. 我们和丽丽讨论关于英语的重要性。【即学即用】Would now be a suitable moment to _________ (discussion) my report? 答案：discussImage (名词) 图像、形象【用法讲解】 image为可数名词，其复数形式为images，还可译为“印象、形象”；image还可为动词，译为“想象、反映、象征”。 Eg: The satellite provides high - resolution images. 卫星提供高分辨率图像。She’s trying to improve her public image. 她正努力改善公众形象。Can you image a world without war?你能想象一个没有战争的世界吗？【派生词】 imagine为动词，译为“想象”； Imagination为名词，译为“想象力”。 Eg: Can you imagine living on Mars in the future? 你能想象未来在火星上生活吗？Science fiction requires a wild imagination. 科幻小说需要天马行空的想象力。【即学即用】The museum displays digital _________ (图像) of ancient artifacts. 答案：imagesGraph (名词) 图、图表【用法讲解】 graph为可数名词，其复数形式为graphs；graph还可为动词，译为“用图表表示”。 Eg: The graph shows a steady increase in sales.图表显示销售额稳定增长。We graphed the temperature changes over 24 hours. 我们将24小时的温度变化绘制成图表。【常见搭配】 bar/ pie graph 条形图/饼图 Eg: Use a bar graph to compare sales across regions.使用条形图比较各地区的销售额。【派生词】 graphic为形容词，译为“图形的”。 Eg: The textbook uses graphic illustrations to explain complex concepts.这本教材用图形插图来解释复杂概念。【即学即用】This _________ (图表) shows population growth over 50 years. 答案：graphView (动词) 看、观看；(名词) 观点、视野【用法讲解】 view为可数名词，其复数形式为views；view也可作动词，译为“看待”等。 Eg: He has a different view on life. 他对生活有不同的看法。The view from the top of the mountain is breathtaking. 从山顶看到的景色令人叹为观止。The building blocks my view of the park. 这座建筑挡住了我看公园的视线。She viewed the painting with great interest. 她对这幅画非常感兴趣。The design was viewed as highly original when it was first built. 这辆车刚造好时，其设计被认为是独具匠心的。【常见搭配】 in view of ... 鉴于...；考虑到... Take a view 持有某种观点 On view 展出、展示 View from 从某个角度看 View of ... 对...的看法 Eg: In view of the recent developments, we need to revise our plans. 鉴于最近的发展，我们需要修改我们的计划。Many experts take a view that climate change is a serious threat. 许多专家认为气候变化是一个严重的威胁。 The artwork is currently on view at the gallery. 这件艺术作品前在画廊展出。The view from the top of the tower is stunning. 从塔顶的视野非常壮观。She has a positive view of the new policy. 她从对新政策持有积极的看法。【派生词】 viewer为名词，译为“观众”。 Eg: The documentary attracted millions of viewers worldwide. 这部纪录片吸引了全球数百万观众。【即学即用】The hotel room has a spectacular v________ of the ocean. 答案：viewEffective (形容词) 有效的【用法讲解】 effective在句中常作定语或表语，还可译为“实际的、事实上的、生效的”。 Eg: The new policy will be effective from January 1st.新政策将于1月1日生效。Regular exercise is effective in reducing stress. 定期锻炼对减压很有效。She’s the effective leader of the project. 她是项目的实际负责人。【常见搭配】 cost - effective 性价比高的 Eg: Solar energy is a cost-effective solution for rural areas.太阳能对于农村地区是一种性价比高的能源解决方案。【派生词】 effect为名词，译为“效果、生效”； ineffective为形容词，译为“无效的”。 Eg: The medicine had an immediate effect on her pain.这种药对她的疼痛产生了立竿见影的效果。The old marketing strategy proved ineffective in attracting customers. 旧的营销策略被证明对吸引可数无效。【即学即用】 This medicine is __________ (effect) against headaches. 答案：effectiveEngine (名词) 发动机【用法讲解】 engine为可数名词，其复数形式为engines，还可译为“机车、火车头、动力”。 Eg: The airplane’s engine roared to life.飞机引擎轰鸣着启动。This innovation became the engine of economic development. 这项创新成为经济发展的驱动力。【常见搭配】 jet/ diesel engine 喷气/柴油发动机 Eg: Modern ships often use hybrid diesel - electric engines.现代船舶经常使用混合动力柴油-电力推进系统。【派生词】 engineer为名词，译为“工程师”。 Eg: The civil engineer designed a earthquake - resistant bridge. 这位土木工程师设计了一座抗震桥梁。【即学即用】The car’s _________ (发动机) overheated on the highway. 答案：engineFuel (名词) 燃料【用法讲解】 fuel常为不可数名词；fuel还可为动词，译为“加燃料、刺激、加剧”。 Eg: Coal was the primary fuel for industrial revolution. 煤炭是工业革命的主要燃料。The ship stopped to fuel at the port. 船在港口停靠加油。Rumors fueled public panic. 谣言加剧了公众恐慌。【常见搭配】 fossil fuel 化石燃料 Fuel the fire 火上浇油 Eg: Burning fossil fuels contributes to climate change. 燃烧化石燃料加剧气候变化。Gossiping only fuels the fire of conflict. 八卦只会让冲突升级。【即学即用】The plane ran out of f_______ and had to make an emergency landing. 答案：fuel Address (名词) 地址【用法讲解】 address为可数名词，其复数形式为addresses，译为“称呼某人”；address还可为动词，译为“位置标识”。 Eg: How should I address you? 我该怎么称呼您？ Please provide your delivery address for the package. 请提供包裹的收货地址。Remember to address the envelope with the correct postcode. 记得在信封上填写正确的邮政编码。【常见搭配】 take down the address 记录地址 Address the issue 解决问题 Eg: Can you take down my address for the delivery? 你能记下我的地址以便送货吗？We need to address the issue of low productivity. 我们需要解决生产力底下的问题。【即学即用】他们称呼他为“先生”。 They _______ him ______ “Sir”. 答案：addressed; asPassword (名词) 密码、口令【用法讲解】 password为可数名词，其复数形式为passwords。 Eg: Please create a password with at least 8 characters.请创建一个至少8位字符的密码。Never share your online banking password with anyone. 切勿向他人透露网银密码。【常见搭配】 set a password 设置密码 Eg: You need to set a strong password for your account. 你需要为你的账户设置一个强密码。【即学即用】I forgot my email _________ (密码) and had to reset it. 答案：passwordAccount (名词) 账户、账目【用法讲解】 account常为可数名词，其复数形式为accounts，此时还可译为“描述、说明”，但在表示“价值、重要性”时为不可数名词；account还可为动词，译为“解释、说明、占比”。 Eg: I need to transfer money to my overseas account.我需要向海外账户转账。Her account of the accident was very detailed. 她对事故的描述非常详细。How do you account for the missing funds?你如何解释资金短缺？【常见搭配】 bank account 银行账户 Open an account 开户 Close an account 注销账户 Take into account 考虑 On account of 由于 By all accounts 据大家所说 Account for 解释、占据 Eg: You need a bank account to receive payments. 你需要一个银行账户来收款。He opened an account at a local bank.他在当地银行开户。The company closed its social media account. 该公司注销了社交媒体的账户。We must take all factors into account. 我们必须把所有因素考虑在内。The event was canceled on account of the rain. 这件事由于下雨被取消了。By all accounts, the concert was amazing. 据大家所说，音乐会很令人惊喜。This error accounts for 10% of failures.这个错误失败率为10%。【派生词】 accountable为形容词，译为“有责任的”； accounting为名词，译为“会计、会计学”； accountant为名词，译为“会计师”。 Eg: Managers are accountable for their team’s performance.管理者需对团队表现负责。She majored in accounting and now works at a top firm. 她主修会计学，现在在一家顶尖公司工作。We hired an accountant to handle our taxes.我们雇了一名会计师处理税务。【即学即用】Your _________ (账户) balance is insufficient for this transaction.The ________ (account) reviewed the company’s financial statements carefully.由于主持人生病，会议延期了。 The meeting was postponed _______ _________ _______ the chairman’s illness. 答案： 1. account 2. accountant 3. on account ofIncrease (名词) 增长；(动词) 增加【用法讲解】 increase作为动词，还可译为“增大、繁殖”；increase还可为名词，译为“增加、增量”。 Eg: The cost of the project has increased dramatically since it began. 该项目自开始以来成本就急剧上升。Some bacteria can increase rapidly under favourable conditions. 一些细菌在有利条件下能迅速繁殖。There has been a significant increase in sales this month. 本月销售额有显著增长。We need to calculate the increase in population over the past decade. 我们需要计算过去十年的人口增长量。【常见搭配】 increase by... + 百分比 增加了... Increase to... + 具体数量 增加到... Eg: The price of the house has increased by 20% this year. 今年房价上涨了20%。The population of the town has increased to 50,000. 这个城镇的人口增加到了5万。【派生词】 Increasing为形容词，译为“越来越多的”； increasingly为副词，译为“日渐增多地”。 Eg: An increasing number of people 越来越多的人It is becoming increasingly difficult to find a job. 找工作变得越来越难。【即学即用】Sales increased __________ (by/ to) 20% last year. 答案：byWild (形容词) 野生的、自然生长的【用法讲解】 wild作形容词还可译为“荒凉的、狂热的”；wild还可为可数名词，其复数形式为wilds，译为“野生状态、自然环境”。 Eg: The wild tigers are in danger of extinction. 野生老虎面临灭绝的危险。They explored wild desert where few people had ever been. 他们探索了一片荒凉的沙漠，那里几乎没有人去过。The fans went wild with excitement when their favourite star appeared. 当他们最喜欢的明星出现时，粉丝们兴奋得发狂。The wild is home to many rare species. 荒野是许多珍稀物种的家园。【常见搭配】 in the wild 在野外 Wild animal 野生动物 Go wild 变得疯狂、欣喜若狂 Run wild （植物）疯长、（动物或孩子）不受管束 Wild guess 胡乱猜想 Wild and free 无拘无束 Eg: Many animals can only survive in the wild. 许多动物只能在野外生存。Never approach a wild animal in the jungle. 在丛林中切勿靠近野生动物。The crowd went wild when the team scored the winning goal. 球队射进致胜一球时，人群沸腾了。The weeds are running wild in the garden. 花园里的杂草疯长。The children ran wild during the summer vacation. 孩子们在暑假期间不受管束。His answer was just a wild guess. 他的回答只是瞎猜。She dreams of living a wild and free life in the mountains. 她梦想在山里过无拘无束的生活。【派生词】 wildness为名词，译为“野性、荒凉”； wildly为副词，译为“疯狂地、狂野地”。 Eg: the wildness of the mountains 山的荒凉She laughed wildly. 她疯狂地大笑。【即学即用】野外的狮子会自己捕食。 Lions ______ ______ ______ hunt for their food. 答案：in the wildBlood (名词) 血【用法讲解】 blood为不可数名词，还可译为“血统、家族关系”。 Eg: The doctor took a blood sample for testing. 医生采了血样做检测。They share the same blood despite different nationalities. 尽管国籍不同，他们有共同血统。【常见搭配】 blood test 验血 Blood type 血型 Blood pressure 血压 In cold blood 冷酷无情地 New/ fresh blood 新成员 Blood is thicker than water 血浓于水 Eg: The doctor ordered a blood test to check for infections.医生安排验血来检查感染。 A person with blood type AB can donate red blood cells to anyone. 一个AB血型的人可以捐血红细胞给任何人。High blood pressure requires medical attention. 高血压需要药物护理。The crime was committed in cold blood. 罪犯被认定为冷酷无情。The company needs fresh blood to innovate. 为了革新这个公司需要新成员。She helped her brother despite their fights - blood thicker than water. 尽管他们打架了她还是帮助她的兄弟 -- 血浓于水。【派生词】 bleed为动词，译为“流血”；bleeding为名词，译为“出血”；bleeding也可为形容词，译为“流血的”。 Eg: His wound is bleeding. 他的伤口在流血。The nurse applied pressure to stop the bleeding. 护士按压伤口以止血。He had a bleeding wound on his arm. 他手臂上有一处流血的伤口。【即学即用】I have been known to faint at the sight of b________. 答案：bloodWound (名词) 伤口、创伤；(动词) 使受伤【用法讲解】 wound为动词，还可译为“伤害、缠绕”。 Eg: The soldier had a deep wound on his leg. 士兵腿上有道很深的伤口。Her harsh words left an emotional wound. 她刻薄的话语造成了情感创伤。The glass shards wounded his hand. 玻璃碎片划伤了他的手。She wound the thread around the spool. 她把线绕在线轴上。【常见搭配】 heal a wound 愈合伤口 Be wounded by sth. 被某物伤害 Eg: Antibiotics help heal infected wounds. 抗生素有助于愈合感染的伤口。Several civilians were wounded by the explosion. 多名平民在爆炸中受伤。【派生词】 wounding为形容词，译为“伤害性的、令人痛苦的”。 Eg: His wounding remarks made everyone uncomfortable. 他伤人的话让每个人都不舒服。【易混辨析】 wound、injure和hurt区别： wound通常指由武器或外力造成的身体伤口，也可指情感上的创伤； injure主要指因意外、事故等使身体受伤； hurt既可指身体上的疼痛或受伤，也可指感情上受伤，使用范围更广。 Eg: He was wounded by a bullet. 他被子弹击中受伤了。He was injured in a car accident. 他在车祸中受伤了。I hurt my finger while cooking. 我做饭时伤到了手指。【即学即用】The soldier had a deep ________ (伤口) on his leg. 答案：woundMall (名词) 购物商场【用法讲解】 mall为可数名词，其复数形式为malls。 Eg: The mall is having a Black Friday sale this weekend. 商场本周末有黑色星期五促销。【常见搭配】 shopping mall 购物中心 Mall rat 常逛商场的人 Eg: The shopping mall has over 200 stores.这家购物中心有200多家商店。Teenagers who hang out at malls every weekend are often called mall rats. 每个周末都在商场闲逛的青少年常被称为“商场常客”。【即学即用】We spent the afternoon at the new __________ (购物商场) downtown. 答案：mallNotebook (名词) 笔记本、笔记本电脑【用法讲解】 notebook为可数名词，其复数形式为notebooks。 Eg: She always carries a small notebook to jot down ideas.她总是带着小笔记本记录想法。My notebook runs out of battery too quickly.我的笔记本电脑耗电很快。【即学即用】My ___________ (笔记本电脑) crashed, and I lost all my files. 答案：notebookSquirrel (名词) 松鼠【用法讲解】 squirrel为可数名词，其复数形式为squirrels；squirrel还可为动词，译为“贮藏、囤积”。 Eg: The squirrel quickly climbed up the oak tree.松鼠迅速爬上了橡树。She squirreled away money for emergencies.她为应急存了一笔钱。【即学即用】A __________ (松鼠) was gathering nuts in the park. 答案：squirrelNut (名词) 坚果【用法讲解】 nut为可数名词，其复数形式为nuts，还可译为“螺母”。 Eg: Almonds are my favourite type of nut. 杏仁是我最爱的坚果。Use a wrench to loosen the nut.用扳手松开螺母。【常见搭配】 a hard/ tough nut to crack 难对付的人和问题 Go nuts 发疯 Off one’s nut 精神失常 Eg: This math problem is a tough nut to crack.这个数学问题是很难解决的。The fans went nuts when the band arrived.当乐队到达时粉丝都疯狂了。He’s been acting off his nut lately.他最近行为举止疯疯癫癫的。【派生词】 nutty为形容词，译为“古怪的、疯狂的”。 Eg: After working for 12 hours straight, he started feeling a bit nutty.连续工作12小时后，他开始觉得有点精神恍惚。【即学即用】__________ (坚果) are rich in protein and healthy fats. 答案：NutsDolphin (名词) 海豚【用法讲解】 dolphin为可数名词，其复数形式为dolphins。 Eg: Dolphins are highly intelligent marine mammals.海豚是高度智能的海洋哺乳动物。【即学即用】The _______ (海豚) rescued the drowning swimmer. 答案：dolphinRecognize (动词) （=recognise） 辨认出、认可【用法讲解】 recognize作动词，还可译为“承认、认可、察觉”。 Eg: I barely recognized her with her new hairstyle. 我换了新发型，我差点没认出来。The government recognized his contributions to science.政府认可了他对科学的贡献。Do you recognize the danger of this situation?你意识到这个情况的危险性了吗？【常见搭配】 Recognize as... 承认...为 Recognize for... 因...表彰 Eg: The treaty recognized the region as independent. 该条约承认该地区独立。She was recognized for her charity work.她因慈善事业被表彰。【派生词】 recognizable为形容词，译为“可辨认的、熟悉的”； recognition为名词，译为“识别、认可”。 Eg: Her voice was instantly recognizable on the phone.她的声音在电话里一下子就能认出来。The scientist received international recognition for her groundbreaking research. 这位科学家因其突破性研究获得国际认可。【即学即用】This app uses AI to r___________ plant species from photos. 答案：recognizeOutline (名词) 纲要；(动词) 概述【用法讲解】 outline为可数名词，其复数形式为outlines，还可译为“轮廓、外形”。 Eg: The professor gave us a course outline on the first day.教授第一天就给了我们课程大纲。We could see the outline of a ship through the fog.我们透过雾能看到船的轮廓。She outlined three main objectives in her speech. 她在演讲中概述了三个主要目标。【常见搭配】 detailed outline 详细大纲 Eg: Submit a detailed outline of your project by Friday.周五前提交项目的详细大纲。【即学即用】The professor o____________ the main points of the lecture. 答案：outlinedFully (副词) 完全地【用法讲解】 fully常用来修饰动词或形容词。 Eg: I fully understand your concern. 我完全理解你的担忧。The project is fully completed. 项目已全部完成。【派生词】 full为形容词，译为“满的、完整的”。 Eg: The glass is full of water, so be careful not to spill it. 玻璃杯转满了水，小心别洒出来。She gave a full account of the incident to the police. 她向警方完整地叙述了事件经过。【即学即用】The team is ________ (full) prepared for the challenge. 答案：fullyDivide (动词) （把... ...）分成【常见搭配】 divide ... into... 把...分成... 数字 + divide by + 除数 + is + 结果 除法运算 Divide up 分配 Eg: The city is divided into 12 administrative districts. 城市被划分为12个行政区。Fifteen divided by three is five. 15除以3等于5.After the divorce, they divided up their property equally. 离婚后，他们平均分配了财产。【派生词】 division为名词，译为“分割、分配”。 Eg: The company has several divisions, each responsible for different products. 公司有几个部门，每个部门负责不同的产品。【易混辨析】 separate与divide区别： Separate通常指原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来，其后常接from； divide通常指把整体分为若干部分，其后常接into。 Eg: Lucy is separating the red apples from the green ones. 露西正在把红苹果从绿苹果中分开。The cake is divided into four parts. 这个蛋糕被分为四部分。【即学即用】他们把我们分成三组。 They _______ us ______ three groups. 答案：divided; intoOne - size - fits - all (形容词) 通用的【用法讲解】 one-size-fits-all在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: These gloves are marketed as one-size-fits-all.这些手套宣传为均码通用。Education doesn’t have a one-size-fits-all answer. 教育没有适合所有人的标准答案。【即学即用】This hat is marketed as _______________ (通用的), but it’s too tight for some people. 答案：one-size-fits-all课文解析Section A What do we remember ?How can we have a good memory? 我们如何可以有好的记忆？【用法讲解】Memory为可数名词时，译为“记忆力”，其复数形式为memories；为不可数名词时，译为“记忆”。Eg: The boy has a good memory. 这孩子记忆力好。His name escaped my memory. 他的名字我记不起了。【常见搭配】 in memory of ... 为了纪念 Memory for... 对...的记忆 From memory 凭记忆 Eg: She set up the charitable trust in memory of her father. 她设立了慈善信托基金以纪念她的父亲。Tom has a good memory for names. 汤姆对人的名字有很好的记忆。He recited the poem from memory. 他凭记忆背诵了这首诗。【派生词】 memorize为动词，译为“记住、熟记”。 Eg: He tried to memorize the route. 他试图记住路线。【即学即用】他们为纪念战争英雄建了一座雕像。 They built a statue _____ ________ _____ the war heroes. 答案：in memory ofWhat’s up? 怎么了？【用法讲解】 “what’s up”常作为日常问候语，类似于“How are you?”或“What’s happening?”，用于询问对方近况或正在做什么。 Eg: -- What’s up? 怎么了？-- Not much, just hanging out. How about you? 没什么，就随便逛逛，你呢？【即学即用】-- ________ -- Oh, just working on a project. How about you?What’s up? B. What’s going on? C. How do you do? D. How about you?答案： ANext time, take a shopping list! 下次，列个购物清单吧！【用法讲解】 list为可数名词，其复数形式为lists，译为“清单”；list还可为动词，译为“列出、列举”。 Eg: I made a grocery list before going to the supermarket. 我去超市前列了一张购物清单。The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange last year. 该公司去年再纽约证券交易所上市。【常见搭配】 shopping list 购物清单 To - do list 待办事项清单 On the list 在列表中 Eg: Don’t forget to bring your shopping list to the supermarket. 别忘了带购物清单去超市。I check my to - do list every morning. 我每天早上都会查看待办事项清单。Your name is on the list of participants. 你的名字在参与者名单上。【即学即用】她为食谱列了一份材料清单。 She ______ ______ _______ ______ ingredients for the recipe. 答案：made a list of I left my homework at home! 我把作业落在家里了！【用法讲解】 leave为动词，译为“遗落”；leave也可译为“留下、离开、使处于某种状态”等，其过去式为left。 Eg: Leave the door open. 让门开着吧。Tom, don’t leave water running. 汤姆，不要让水一直流。His parents died, only leaving him a house. 他的父母去世了，只留给他一栋房子。She left her homework at home. 她把家落在家里了。She will leave Beijing tomorrow. 她明天离开北京。【易混辨析】 leave与forget区别：Leave侧重于“把某物遗留在某地”，强调是在动作发生之后，物体被留在原本不该留的地方。forget侧重于“记不起、忘记”，强调的是大脑中的记忆缺失。 Eg: I left my book on the bus. 我把书落在公交车上了。I forgot my wallet. 我忘记带钱包了。【即学即用】( )1. -- I’m sorry I ______ my exercise book at home. -- Don’t forget ______ it to school tomorrow, please.forgot; to take B. left; to bring C. forgot; to bring D. left; to take答案： BYou’d better hurry up. 你最好快点。【用法讲解】 知识点一：Had better译为“最好”，可缩写成“’d better”，其后接动词原形（不带to的不定式）。含有“应该做”之意，不十分客气，所以一般只用于对晚辈或平辈，不用于对长辈。 肯定式为：had better do sth. 译为“最好做某事” 否定式为：had better not do sth. 译为“最好不做某事” Eg: You’d better go to hospital at once. 你最好立即去医院。 You had better not miss the last bus. 你最好不要错过末班公交车。知识点二： hurry在此处为名词，译为“匆忙”；hurry还可为动词，译为“催促、匆忙”。 Eg: She hurried to finish her homework before dinner. 她匆忙在晚饭前完成作业。Don’t hurry the cook or the food will be ruined. 别催厨师，否则食物会做坏。In his hurry, he forgot the keys. 匆忙中他忘了带钥匙。【常见搭配】 do sth. in a hurry = hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事 Hurry up 赶快、快点 Hurry sb, to do sth. 催促某人做某事 Eg: He hurried to get the doctor. = He get the doctor in a hurry. 他急忙去请医生。 Hurry up, or you’ll be late. 快点，不然要迟到了。 Don’t hurry him to drive beyond the speed limit. 不要催他开车超过规定车速。【派生词】 hurried为形容词，译为“匆忙的”； hurriedly为副词，译为“匆忙地”； Eg: She gave a hurried reply before leaving the meeting. 她在离开会议前匆忙给出了答复。He hurriedly packed his bags to catch the last train. 他匆忙收拾行李去赶末班车。【即学即用】( )1. I had better ________ the presentation slides.forget B. to forget C. not to forget D. not forget2. He hurried __________ (call) an ambulance after the accident.答案： 1. D 2. to callKnowledge is like a chain. 知识就像链条。【用法讲解】 knowledge为不可数名词，译为“知识、学问、知晓、了解”。 Eg: He has a lot of knowledge about history. 他对历史有很多了解。【常见搭配】 Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。 Have knowledge of... 知道、了解 A knowledge of... 对...的了解 To my knowledge 据我所知 Without my knowledge 背着我/不知情 Eg: Do you have any knowledge of this language? 你了解这种语言吗？A good knowledge of English 良好的英语知识To my knowledge, he hasn’t left yet. 据我所知，他还没走。They changed the plan without my knowledge. 他们背着我改了计划。【派生词】 know为动词，译为“知道、了解、认为”； knowledgeable为形容词，译为“知识渊博的、有见识的”。 Eg: I know he will come tomorrow. 我知道他明天回来。He is knowledgeable about German literature. 他对德国文学很精通。【即学即用】Students gain __________ (know) through studying. 答案：knowledgePay attention to details. 注意细节。【用法讲解】 attention为不可数名词，译为“注意力、关注”。 Eg: The teacher called the class to attention. 老师引起了全班的注意。【常见搭配】 pay attention to ... 注意... Pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 Eg: Pay attention to the road while driving. 开车时要注意路况。Pay attention to listening carefully please. 请注意认真听讲。【即学即用】请注意包装上的说明。 Please _______ _________ ______ the instructions on the package. 答案：pay attention to For one thing, the memory of how to ride a bike is probably stored in a more stable area of our brain. 对于一件事，如何骑自行车的记忆可能储存在大脑更稳定的区域。【用法讲解】 store为动词，译为“储存”；store还可作可数名词，还可译为“仓库、储备、商店”，其复数形式为stores。 Eg: Farmers store hay in barns for winter. 农民将干草储存在谷仓中过冬。There are lots of stores on the street. 这条街上有许多商店。There is a large store behind the shop. 商店后面有一个大仓库。The country has a large store of natural gas. 该国拥有大量天然气储备。【常见搭配】 a store of ... 大量、丰富 In store 即将发生或存在 Eg: The library has a store of rare books. 图书馆藏有大量珍本书籍。A surprise is in store for you. 有个惊喜等着你。【即学即用】There were not so many _______ (store) around here before. 答案： storesMum reminds Peter about buying ______ by saying, “It’s running out.” 妈妈通过说“用完了”来提醒皮特买_________【用法讲解】 remind为动词，译为“提醒”，后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句。 Eg: She reminded him that he had a meeting at 2 pm. 她提醒他下午两点有个会议。【常见搭配】 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 Remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 Remind oneself 提醒自己 Eg: The smell o f hay always reminds me of our old house in the country. 甘草的味道总是令我想起了我们在乡村的老房子。 The teacher often reminds me to read English in the morning. 老师经常提醒我早晨读英语。 I reminded myself to study for the final exams coming up. 我提醒自己要为即将到来的期末考试做好准备。【即学即用】( )1. What you said just now _______ me of that American professor.mentioned B. informed C. reminded D. memorized答案： CWe used to fly kits in the park. 我们过去常常在公园放风筝。【用法讲解】 used to译为“过去常常某事”，后接动词原形，用于描述过去经常做某事或某种状态，但现在已不再如此。 Eg: I used to play basketball every weekend. 我过去每周都打篮球。【知识拓展】 be used to + doing 习惯于做某事 Be used to do 被用来做某事 Eg: I am used to waking up early. 我习惯早起了。Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。【即学即用】My brother used to ________ (hate) vegetables, but now he loves them. 答案：hateInstead of what he forgets, I keep in mind what he remembers. 代替他忘记的，我牢记他记得的。【用法讲解】 instead of为介词短语，译为“代替、而不是”。 Eg: The room felt cold instead of cozy. 房间感觉很冷，而不是舒适。【知识拓展】 instead常位于句首或句末，表示与上文提到的行为或事物相反， 位于句首时需用逗号分开。 Eg: The movie was sold out. Instead, we went bowling. 电影票卖光了，我们改去打保龄球。He forgot his keys and used a card instead. 他忘了带钥匙，改用卡片开门。【易混辨析】 instead与instead of区别 instead为独立副词，修饰动词或句子，位于句首或句尾，后面无需接任何成分； Instead of为介词短语，必须接宾语，位置比较灵活，后面可接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语 。 Eg: He didn’t drink tea. He drank coffee instead. 他不喝茶改喝咖啡了。I use honey instead of sugar. 我用蜂蜜代替糖。【即学即用】( )1. We have lessons in the classroom ______ the playground.instead B. instead of C. rather than D. than答案：BAfter a long time, Baby Fox heard a familiar cry nearby: “Danger! Run!”. 很久以后，狐狸宝宝听到附近有一个熟悉的哭声：“危险！跑！”【用法讲解】 familiar为形容词，译为“熟悉的、精通的、随便的”。 Eg: This place looks familiar to me.这个地方对我来说很熟悉。His familiar behavior made her uncomfortable. 他过于随便的行为让她感到不适。【常见搭配】 be familiar with sth. 某人熟悉某物 Be familiar to sb. 某物为某热所熟知 Eg: This song is familiar to most Chinese people. 这首歌为大多数中国人所熟知。【派生词】 familiarity为名词，译为“熟悉、亲密”； unfamiliar为形容词，译为“不熟悉的”。 Eg: Her familiarity with the subject impressed everyone. 她对这一主题的熟悉程度让所有人印象深刻。The street was unfamiliar to me. 这条街对我来说很陌生。【即学即用】她熟悉当地的风俗。 She is _______ _______ the local customs. 答案：familiar withSuddenly, tears filled his eyes. 突然，他眼含热泪。【用法讲解】 fill为动词， 译为“装满、使充满、满足、任职”。 Eg: She filled the glass with water. 她往杯子里装满了水。The new product fills a gap in the market. 新产品填补了市场的空白。Jack is the best man to fill the vacancy. 杰克是填补这一空缺的最佳人选。【常见搭配】 fill out 填写表格 Fill ... with ... 用...把...填满 Be filled with... = be full of 装满了... Fill in 临时代替（某人） Fill up 占满空间 Eg: Please fill the cup with coffee. 请把杯子装满咖啡。Please fill out this form. 请填写这张表格。The box is filled with books. 这个箱子里装满了书。Can you fill in for me during the meeting? 你能在会议期间替我一下吗？The room quickly filled up with guests. 房间里很快挤满了客人。【即学即用】他将玻璃杯盛满水。 He _______ the glass _______ water. 答案：filled; withWhen Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth, she shouted out to warn her baby of danger. 当狐狸妈妈嘴里含着葡萄走在回家的路上时，她大喊警号她的宝宝有危险。【用法讲解】 warn为动词，译为“警告”。 Eg: I tried to warn him, but he wouldn’t listen. 我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。【常见搭配】 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不）做某事 Warn sb. of/ about sth. 警告某人关于某事 Warn sb. against sth./ doing sth. 告诫某人不要做某事 Eg: The teacher warned the students not to swim in the river alone. 老师警告学生不要独自在河里游泳。She warned him of the dangers of smoking. 她警告他吸烟的危害。The doctor warned him against overeating. 医生告诫他不要暴饮暴食。【派生词】 warning为名词，译为“警告”。 Eg: She had ignored the warning signs of trouble ahead. 她没有例会警示前方危险的标志。【即学即用】( )1. The vicar warned the visitors _________ the leaves from the tree.not to pick B. to pick C. not picking D. picking答案： ASection B How can we improve our memory?By using some clever memory techniques and leading a healthy life, you will see some great results. 通过使用一些聪明的记忆技巧，过健康的生活，你会看到一些好结果。【用法讲解】lead为动词，译为“引领、领导”其过去式/过去分词为led；lead还可为名词，译为“领先地位、负责人、主演”。 Eg: Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems. 吃太多垃圾食品会导致健康问题。Can you lead me to the nearest subway station? 你能带我去最近的地铁站吗？【常见搭配】lead sb. + 地点介词短语 把某人带到某地 Lead to 导致、通向 Lead sb. in doing sth. 引导某人做某事 Lead a ... life 过着...的生活 Eg: He led the guests into his room. 他把客人带到了自己的房间。The rain led to the road being slippery. 雨水导致地面滑。Our teacher leads us in learning English. 我们的老师引导我们学习英语。She leads a simple life. 她过着简朴的生活。They need a leader they can believe in. 他们需要一个可以信赖的领导。【派生词】 leader为名词，译为“领导者”。 Eg: He is a good leader. 他是一个好的领导者。【即学即用】努力工作会导致成功。 Hard work _______ _______ success.The _______ (lead) of the country made an important speech yesterday. 答案：1. leads to 2. leaderHowever, you might fail to remember all the details. 然而，你可能记不住所有的细节。【用法讲解】 fail为动词，译为“失败、未做到”。 Eg: I failed the test. 我考试不及格了。He failed to arrive on time. 他未能准时到达。【常见搭配】 fail to do sth. 未能完成某事 Fail in sth. 在某方面失败 Without fail 必定、一定 Fail in one’s duty 未尽职责 Fail in health 健康衰退 Eg: He failed to persuade her. 他未能说服她。He failed in business. 他经商失败了。He will be there without fail. 他一定会去那里。He failed in his duty to protect his team. 他未能进到保护队友的职责。His father failed in health after the accident. 他爸爸在事故后健康衰退。【派生词】failure通常为不可数名词；在指“具体失败的人/事”或“某次的失败”时为可数名词。 Eg: Failure is often the first step to success. 失败通常是成功的第一步。The project was a complete failure. 这个项目是一次彻底的失败。【常见搭配】 failure to do sth. 未能做某事 Failure in sth. 在某方面的失败 Avoid failure 避免失败 Due to failure 由于失败 In failure 处于失败状态 Put failure down to... 将失败归因于... End in failure 以失败告终 Eg: Failure to follow the rules may lead to penalties. 不遵守规则可能导致处罚。His failure in the exam surprised us. 他的考试不及格使我们吃惊。By planning ahead, you can avoid failure. 通过提前计划，你可以避免失败。The project was delayed due to failure of the key component. 由于关键部件故障，项目被延误。The company found itself in failure after a series of bad investments. 这家公司在一系列糟糕的投资后陷入了失败境地。He put the failure of his business down to bad luck. 他将生意失败归因于运气差。The project ended in failure. 项目以失败告终。【即学即用】We can learn a lot from ________ (fail) if we approach it with the right mindset.( )2. They failed ________ the summit due to bad weather.reach B. reaching C. to reach D. to reaching答案：1. failure 2. CTry studying for 40 minutes, and then take a break. 试着学习40分钟，然后休息。【用法讲解】 break在此处为名词，译为“休息”，相当于rest；break还可为动词，译为“破碎、违反、打断”，其过去式为broke，过去分词为broken。 Eg: I thought a 15 min break from his work would do him good. 我想他停下工作休息15分钟对他会有好处。The dish fell to the floor and broken. 碟子掉到地上摔碎了。She broke her promise to me. 她违背了对我的诺言。We usually break for lunch at 12:30. 我们通常12点半休息吃午饭。【常见搭配】 have a break 休息break down 出故障、分解 Break in 强行进入、打断 Break out 爆发 Break up 结束关系、解散 Eg: I must have a break. 我必须休息一下。The machine has broken down. 机器出故障了。 Someone is trying to break in. 有人试图强行进入。 A fire broke out in the building. 大楼里发生了火宅。 They decided to break up. 他们决定分手。【派生词】 broken为形容词，译为“破碎的、损坏的”。 Eg: There is a lot of broken glass on the floor. 地板上有很多碎玻璃。【即学即用】学校里孩子们有课间休息。 The children ______ ______ _______ between classes at school.My bike is _________ (break). I need to repair it. 答案：1. have a break 2. brokenA third way is to make use of senses. 第三条利用感官。【用法讲解】 sense作动词，还可译为“感觉到、检测到”；sense还可为可数名词，译为“感觉、意识、理解力”等。 Eg: a device to sense the presence of poisonous gases 一种自动检测有毒气体存在的装置I can sense your anxiety. 我能感觉到你的焦虑。He has a good business sense and knows how to make money. 他很有商业头脑，知道如何赚钱。【常见搭配】 a sense of + 名词 ...感 Common sense 常识 Moral sense 道德感 Make sense 有意义 Make sense of ... 理解、弄懂 In a sense 在某种意义上 Sense that + 从句 感觉到... Eg: He has a great sense of humor, always making everyone laugh. 他很有幽默感，总是能让大家发笑。Washing your hands before eating is a common sense. 饭前洗手是一个常识。We should develop a strong moral sense in our children. 我们应该培养孩子的道德感。Studying English makes sense at any time. 任何时候学习英语都是有意义的。I can’t make sense of this complex equation. 我无法理解这个复杂的方程式。In a sense, we are all artists. 在某种意义上，我们都是艺术家。I sense that we are on the right track. 我感觉到我们走在正确的道路上。【派生词】 sensitive为形容词，译为“敏感的、善解人意的”； sensible为形容词，译为“明智的、理智的”。 Eg: Beneath his bluff exterior he was a sensitive man. 他外表大大咧咧，但其实是个敏感的人。We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. 我们认为，明智的做法是等待。【即学即用】他方向感很好，从来都不会迷路。 He has _____ ______ ______ ______ direction and never gets lost.People have five ________ (sense): sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. 答案： 1. a good sense of 2. sensesLast but not least, boost your memory by staying healthy. 最后但同样重要的是，通过保持健康增强你的记忆。【用法讲解】 last but not least译为“ 最后但同样重要的（一点）”；该短语用于在列举一系列事物或人时，表示最后一个所提到的事物或人同样重要；常常用在列举事物或表达感谢时。Eg: The author thanked the publisher, editor, and last but not least, his family in his book.作者在书中感谢了出版商、编辑、最后还感谢了同样重要的家人。Last but not least, we must thank our host for his hospitality. 最后但同样重要的是，我们得感谢主人得热情好客。【知识拓展】 Last (形容词) “最后的；上次的” (副词) “最后地” (名词) “最后”Eg: Mike was the last person to arrive. 马克是最后一个到的。last week 上周Mike arrived last. 马克最后一个到。at last 最后；最终The courses last for six weeks. 这个课程持续六周。【知识拓展】 least为little的最高级形式。【常见短语】 at least 至少 Eg: You should study for at least two hours every day. 你应该每天至少学习两个小时。【即学即用】最后但同样重要的是，我们来讨论环境影响。 ______ _______ _______ _______, let’s discuss the environmental impact. 答案：Last but not leaseHe is likely to die of wounds if not treated at once. 如果不立刻处理他可能会死于伤口。【用法讲解】 die为动词，译为“死去、去世”。【常见搭配】 die from 死于（外部原因） Die of 死于（内部原因） Die for ... 为...而死 Die out 灭绝 Die away 逐渐消失 Eg: He died from a heart attack. 他死于心脏病。She died of cancer. 她死于癌症。Many soldiers died for their country. 许多士兵为国捐躯。Many species are dying out due to habitat loss. 许多物种因栖息地丧失而灭绝。The sound of the waves died away as we waled further into the forest.随着我们走进森林，海浪的声音逐渐消失了。【易混辨析】 die、dead、dying、death区别 die为动词，译为“死亡”； Dead为形容词，译为“已故的、死的”； dying为形容词，译为“奄奄一息的”； death为名词，译为“死亡”。 Eg: His father died last year. 他的父亲去年去世了。The cat is dead. 猫死了。A dying man is lying on the street. 一个奄奄一息的人躺在街上。His mother’s death was a great shock to him. 他母亲的去世对他是一个巨大的打击。【即学即用】They are still grieving for their _______ (die) child.( )2. The old man died _______ heart trouble.of B. from C. with D. by答案： 1. dead 2. AThen I formed images of these key words in my mind, and linked them in order. 然后我在大脑中形成这些关键词的影像，有序记住它们。 【用法讲解】 order作名词，可译为“订单、顺序”；order作动词，也可译为“命令、订购”等。 Eg: The books are arranged in alphabetical order. 这些书按字母顺序排列。I placed an order for a new computer. 我订购了一台新电脑。The doctor ordered the patient to rest. 医生命令病人休息。I ordered 500 pairs of shoes from the factory. 我向这家工厂订购了500双鞋。【常见搭配】 Out of order 故障或不正常 In order to do sth. （=so that) 为了做某事 Eg: The printer is out of order. 这台打印机坏了。 I study hard in order to get a good job. = I study hard so that I can get a good job.我努力学习是为了找到好工作。【即学即用】为了提高英语，我已经开始了英语课程。 I have started an English course ______ _______ ______ improve my English. 答案： in order to Nobody knows my speech except me. 除了我没人知道我的演讲。【用法讲解】 except为介词，译为“除...之外”；except还可为动词，译为“不计、把...除外、反对”等，其后常接doing形式；except还可作连词，译为“只是、除非”。 Eg: We work every day except Sunday. 我们除了星期天外每天都工作。As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening. 他年纪越来越大，除了喜欢园艺之外，对一切都失去了兴趣。 You will be punished, I can except no one. 你们都得受罚，任何人不能除外。 I’ll take the job except if the pay is too low. 除非工资太低，否则我会接受这一工作。【常见搭配】 except for ... 除了 Eg: The room was empty except for a chair. 除了椅子，房间空荡荡的。【易混辨析】 except、except for、besides区别： except排除同类事物中的个体，强调“不包括”； Except for对整体进行部分否定或修正，常用于非同类比较或美中不足的情况； besides表示附加，译为“除了...之外”。 Eg: All came except Tom. 除汤姆外都来了。The essay is perfect except for typos. 除拼写错误外，文章完美。Besides math, she studies physics. 除数学外，她还学物理。【即学即用】( )1. Everyone is here ______ Xiao Wang and me.except B. besides C. except for D. beside答案：AI followed all these great methods and my speech today was a great success! 我参考这些好方法，今天我的演讲很成功！【用法讲解】 success为不可数名词，译为“成功、胜利、成就”。 Eg: Confidence is the key to success. 信心是成功的关键。【常见搭配】 the key to success 成功的秘诀succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 Succeed to sth. 继承某物 Succeed after sth. 接替某物 Be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事 Eg: Do you know the key to success? 你知道成功的秘诀吗？ He succeed in passing the exam. 他成功地通过了考试。She succeeded to the mayoralty. 她继承了市长职位。We succeeded after Churchill as Prime Minister? 谁接替邱吉尔出任首相？They were successful in winning the contract. 他们终于争取了那份合同。【派生词】 succeed为动词，译为“成功、继承”； successful为形容词，译为“成功的”。 Eg: His plan succeeded. 他的计划成功了。 She is a successful actress. 她是一名成功的演员。【即学即用】( )1. The girl had a great _______ in yesterday’s singing competition.success B. succeed C. successful D. successfully 答案： A Memorizing things takes up too much time. 记住东西占据了太多时间。【用法讲解】 take up为动词短语，译为“占据、开始从事、接受、缩短、讨论、吸收”等。 Eg: This sofa takes up too much space in the room.这张沙发在房间里占用了太多空间。She took up painting during the lockdown.她在封锁期间开始学习绘画。I’ll take up your offer to help with the project.我接受你提供的帮助项目的的提议。I need to take up these trousers, they’re too long.我需要把这条裤子改短，它们太长了。The committee will take up the issue of funding next week.委员会将在下周讨论资金问题。This sponge can take up a lot of water.这块海绵能吸收大量水。【即学即用】会议占用了整个上午。 The meeting _______ ______ the entire morning. 答案：took up语法解析宾语从句（二）当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who、whom、whose、which、what和连接副词where、how、why、when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中作一定成分，不可省略。宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“疑问词+主语+谓语+其他”。因此当特殊疑问词作宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。 Eg: Please tell me when we will have a meeting. 请告诉我我们什么时候开会。宾语从句时态如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句随句意而判定。 Eg: I wonder if it will rain tomorrow. 我想知道是否明天会下雨。He remembers that there was a house in the past. 他记得过去这有一个房子。Please tell me how long he has learnt English. 请告诉我他学英语多长时间了。如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。Eg: He asked me what time it was. 他问我几点了。 She said she was shopping at this time yesterday. 她说她昨天这个时候正在购物。 He said that he would go back to the US soon. 他说他很快会回到美国。 He asked if you had written to Peter. 他问是否你已经给皮特写信了。从句如果表示客观事实、真理、自然现象时，无论主句是何种时态，从句都用一般现在时。Eg: Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 我们的老师告诉我们光的传播速度比声音快。写作本单元写作主题为介绍“有关如何提升记忆力”常用句型Improving memory is easier than you think! 提升记忆力其实很简单！First, sleep like a baby at night. 首先，像婴儿般熟睡。Second, move your body! 其次，动起来吧！Third, try simple meditation. 第三，尝试简单冥想。“Brain cleaning” helps store new knowledge like books on a shelf! “大脑清理”能让新知识像书架上的书一样有序存放。写作思路1. 记叙文 2. 第一人称、第二人称 3. 一般现在时范文 Improving memory is easier than you think! First, sleep like a baby at night -- your brain sorts memories while you dream. Second, move your body! Just 30 minutes of walking daily pumping fresh blood to your brain. I ride my bicycle after school and feel my mind become cleaner. Third, try simple meditation. Close your eyes, breathe deeply, and imagine your thoughts as clouds floating away. My yoga teacher says this “brain cleaning” helps store new knowledge like books on a shelf!