2026年河南省商丘市中考英语模拟试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2026年河南省商丘市中考英语模拟试卷(含详细答案解析)，文件包含第四章光现象单元练习知识点梳理+练习含答案解析docx、第四章光现象单元练习知识点梳理+练习docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共23页， 欢迎下载使用。
Lydia Byun is a creative art therapist（心理治疗师）.She wrks with children and teenagers and spends mst days in schls in New Yrk，USA.She leads art therapy lessns.（1）______
Each lessn lasts abut 45 minutes，and what happens during the lessns depends n the students she wrks with.（2）______
As the students are making smething，Byun talks with them.Hwever，smetimes the students want t be quiet.They just want t think and create.That is OK，t.Making art is sthing（抚慰的） and helps them feel better.
（3）______ It is especially true fr kids.But it can be easier t shw thse feelings thrugh art.They can shw them in a painting r drawing.In this way，art therapy（疗法） helps kids understand their feelings.
（4）______ Students ften cme t see her whenever they are in truble.When that happens，she always helps them slve prblems by themselves.
As fr the best part f her jb，Byun says it is when the kids r teens say hw art therapy has helped them.She als likes hearing frm parents r teachers abut hw the children have made a change fr the better.That makes her feel gd.
"（5）______ I think they're interesting peple!"says Byun.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
1.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
2.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
3.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
4.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
5.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
二、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
I lved everything abut schl except fr ne persn：Mildred.Every day，as we walked hme after schl，she wuld (6) n the backs f my shes.Then，when I stpped t mve my shes and get mre cmfrtable，Mildred wuld slap（拍打） my back.She (7) me.
Sn，my mther thught smething was wrng.I tld her the whle (8) .My mm tld me nt t wrry and said she had a (9) .The next mrning，my mm walked (10) the hill with me.Just as we gt t the tp f the hill，we saw Mildred."Hell，Mildred，"my mm said (11) .Mildred stpped standing as still as a statue（雕塑）.Her hands and face were bright (12) .Her versized cat hung pen.There were nly tw buttns（纽扣） n it.My mther didn't say anything at first. (13) ，she buttned up Mildred's cat and turned the cllar（领子） up (14) her neck."I'm Marin's mther.I need yur help，Mildred."My mther' (15) held Mildred's as she spke."Marin desn't have any brthers r sisters.She needs a (16) friend at schl，smene t walk up the hill with her after classes are ver.Wuld yu be Marin's friend，Mildred？"
Mildred thught fr a while and (17) ."Oh，thank yu!"my mther said."I just knw yu are smene I can (18) .Then she hugged us and left (19) nthing unusual had happened.
Mildred and I walked n t schl.As I lked ver at her，I saw that Mildred was smiling!I'd never seen her smile befre.We walked up the hill each day after schl tgether and pretty sn we became best friends.
I didn't understand my mm's plan at the time.But finally，I came t understand.Lve never (20) .
6.A. stayB. stepC. pushD. rise
7.A. scaredB. encuragedC. surprisedD. pleased
8.A. jkeB. wishC. lieD. stry
9.A. reasnB. traditinC. planD. result
10.A. upB. dwnC. frmD. ff
11.A. sadlyB. angrilyC. quietlyD. nervusly
12.A. blackB. yellwC. blueD. red
13.A. AlsB. InsteadC. BesidesD. Lastly
14.A. arundB. verC. behindD. utside
15.A. fingersB. feetC. handsD. eyes
16.A. strangestB. bestC. healthiestD. richest
17.A. passedB. listenedC. nddedD. jined
18.A. depend nB. lk frC. cme acrssD. care abut
19.A. even thughB. as ifC. as lngD. ever since
20.A. hpesB. frgetsC. fllwsD. fails
三、补全对话-填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
21.A：Hi，David!（1）______ .What's wrng？
B：Well，I had a bad gt angry with me this mrning.
A：Why？
B：（2）______ .
A：What a pity!Did yu have a gd time in the afternn？
B：In the afternn we had a math exam and I failed it.What a bad day!
A：（3）______ .But dn't be stressed.Maybe I can help yu with yur math.
B：It is kind f yu t say s.
A：（4）______ ？
B：Hw abut this evening？I have a lt f math prblems.And I want t wrk them ut as sn as pssible.
A：N prblem.By the way，my watch stps running，and I want t have it repaired.（5）______ ？
B：I'd lve t.Let's g.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
四、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
Slides（滑梯） are simple but always fun.All yu need t d is t climb up t the tp and slide dwn.But d yu knw that there is science behind it？
根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。
22.In rder t slide dwn，what d yu need t d after yu climb up t the tp？______
A. Learn abut gravity.B. Sit dwn and lk frward.
C. Give yurself a push.D. Use yur feet t make frictin.
23.Which wrd can be put in"▲"？______
A. stpB. endC. mveD. wait
24.Which picture explains why yu slw dwn a little when sliding dwn？______
A. B.
C. D.
25.What can we knw frm Newtn's First Law mentined in the text？______
A. Mving things wn't stp n their wn.
B. Gravity is the nly frce that acts n a sliding persn.
C. Frictin is necessary t start mving dwn a slide.
D. Yu wuld slide dwn faster if there were n gravity n the earth.
26.Where can yu prbably read the text？______
A. In a strybk.B. In a guidebk.
C. In a schl pster.D. In a science bk.
B
It was the last day f final examinatins in a large Eastern university.On the steps f ne building，a grup f students were discussing the cming exam in a few minutes.On their faces was cnfidence.This was their last exam befre they went n t graduatin and jbs.
Sme talked f jbs they already had；thers talked f jbs they wuld get.With fur years' cllege study，they felt ready and able t cnquer（征服） the wrld.
The cming exam，they knew，wuld be a piece f cake.The teacher had said they culd bring any bks r ntes they wanted，requesting nly that they did nt talk t each ther during the test.
When they entered the classrm，the teacher passed ut the papers.Their smiles spread as the students nticed there were nly five essay-type questins.
Three hurs passed.Then the teacher began t cllect the papers.The students n lnger lked cnfident.On their faces was an expressin f fear.
With papers in her hand，the teacher asked，"Hw many cmpleted all five questins？"Nt a hand was raised.
"Hw many answered fur？"Still n hands.
"Three？Tw？"The students mved restlessly in their seats.
"One，then？"Certainly smebdy finished ne.
But the class remained silent.The teacher put dwn the papers."That is exactly what I expected，"she said.
"I just want yu t knw that，even thugh yu have cmpleted fur years f engineering，there are still many things abut the subject yu dn't knw.These questins yu culd nt answer are quite cmmn in everyday practice."Then，smiling，she added，"Yu will all pass this curse，but remember that even thugh yu are nw cllege graduates，yur educatin has just begun."
根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。
27.Which sentence is true abut the cming exam？ ______
A. Students were allwed t talk in the exam.
B. The exam was easy fr mst f the students.
C. Students culdn't take bks during the exam.
D. It was the last exam in the university.
28.Hw did they feel befre the exam？______
A. Surprised.B. Cnfident.C. Wrried.D. Nervus.
29.Hw many students passed the exam at last？______
A. Nne f them.B. One f them.C. Five f them.D. All f them.
30.What might the teacher think abut the exam result？ ______
A. She was nt pleased with it and wished students t imprve.
B. She thught students wuld lse their jbs because f it.
C. She saw it as a gd chance t teach students a lessn.
D. She thught the result went beynd her expectatins.
31.What culd the students learn frm the exam？ ______
A. There is n end t learning.
B. Knwledge starts frm practice.
C. A little learning is a dangerus thing.
D. N pains，n gains.
C
Yu might think that a map is nthing mre than a drawing f an area，such as a city r a cuntry.Maps are imprtant tls t make sure we dn't get lst and they als tell us hw humans think，feel and live.
The histry f maps ges back mre than 5，000 years.The earliest surviving（现存的） map f the wrld is an earth tablet（碑） frm Babyln.It shws Babyln in the center，the River Euphrates，and the ceans and muntains nearby.
The peple f ancient Greece and the Rmans made maps.Hwever，it was Ptlemy，an Egyptian（埃及的） scientist，wh changed them frever.He marked abut 10，000 places by creating a system.It used lines called latitude and lngitude which are still used tday t mark areas n a map.
After the fall f the Rman Empire（帝国），maps made in Eurpe became mre abut strytelling.They were ften made in mnasteries（修道院） and mapmakers put what was mst imprtant t them at the center n the map.
Between the 15th and 17th centuries，new ideas and inventins were changing the wrld.Ships were crssing ceans and cuntries were building new empires，s accurate（精确的） maps appeared.Mapmakers were influenced by Ptlemy's ideas and the inventin f printing meant the mnasteries were nt the nly places culd prduce maps.
Tday，the develpment f technlgy has made maps mre helpful than ever.Hwever，sme experts wrry that，blind trust in technlgy means we are lsing ur natural sense f directin.There have been reprts f peple driving int lakes，deserts r ther cuntries by mistake after fllwing GPS.Perhaps we're n smarter than the peple in Babyln after all.
根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。
32.What is the main purpse f the first paragraph？______
A. T explain hw t use a map crrectly.
B. T describe different types f maps.
C. T intrduce the imprtance f maps.
D. T tell a stry abut getting lst.
33.Accrding t the passage，which f the fllwing shws the crrect rder f map develpment？______
a.Maps made in Eurpean mnasteries fcused n strytelling.
b.Ptlemy created a system using latitude and lngitude.
c.The earliest surviving wrld map was made in Babyln.
d.Accurate maps became imprtant because f changes f the wrld.
e.Mdern GPS technlgy smetimes leads peple t make mistakes.
A. c-b-a-d-eB. b-c-a-e-dC. a-c-b-d-eD. c-a-b-e-d
34.What might be the big change abut maps between the 15th and 17th centuries？______
A. Latitude and lngitude were first used.
B. Peple depended n GPS t travel.
C. Mre places were crrectly marked n maps.
D. Mapmakers used maps t tell stries.
35.What can be learned frm the last paragraph？______
A. We need t train ur natural sense f directin ften.
B. Mapmakers in Babyln had better-develped brains.
C. Mdern maps can tell hw humans live and what they think.
D. Peple shuldn't blindly fllw GPS while they are traveling.
36.What's the best title f the passage？______
A. Finding Yur Way Withut HelpB. Mapping the Wrld
C. Old Tablets and Mdern-day GPSD. Different Drawings f Areas
五、选词填空-短文：本大题共1小题，共10分。
37.
Many peple believe that pigs are naturally fat，lazy and dirty.But are any f thse things true？They d eat a lt，but they are useful t us.We get mre than just prk frm pigs.We can use their skin t make（1）______ .We can use their hair t make brushes.Pigs als（2）______ us with ingredients（原料） fr drugs like insulin（胰岛素）.
Peple smetimes say，"Yu are as stupid as a pig."But pigs are nt stupid at all.In fact，pigs are ne f the 10 smartest animals.They have a gd memry and can tell different shapes apart.Many experts think pigs are（3）______ t train than dgs r cats.In France，pigs are（4）______ t find truffles（松露）.With their gd sense f smell，they can find truffles even faster than dgs.
When yu see pigs，they are usually in dirty water r mud.That's（5）______ pigs have n sweat glands（汗腺）.On ht days，they have t cl（6）______ in water r mud.This（7）______ insects ff them as well.Mud can als prtect their skin frm sunburns.
Peple ften feel bad abut the animal.Fr example，we may say that a persn has"pigged ut"t describe smene（8）______ has eaten a lt.If smene's rm is very messy，we might say his r her rm lks like a pigsty（猪舍）.
But peple in（9）______ China really liked pigs.Peple thught the pig's big head and ears were a（10）______ f gd luck.If smene had a rund face，he r she was thught t be a lucky persn.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共5分。
38.In the Warring States Perid，there was a musician named Gngming Yi wh was gd at playing the guqin.One day he went t the cuntryside and nticed that (1) were several cattle（牛） eating grass nearby.Wndering (2) cattle culd understand his music r nt，Gngming Yi gt clser t the cattle and played several pieces f music t attract them， (3) they seemed t have n interest.
After a while，Gngming Yi had anther idea.He played randmly（随意地） and the music sunded like the buzz-buzz f the msquites（蚊子）. (4) his surprise，the cattle seemed t understand it.They were clearly mre familiar with the sund f msquites than pleasant music.It is really (5) waste f time t play the guqin fr the cattle.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。
39.生活中，对自己有益的东西，往往也值得与朋友分享，比如好书、好歌、好电影，或者快乐、旅行、好习惯等。你有过与朋友分享的经历吗？请你以"What I Shared with My Friend"为题，根据提示和要求，用英语写一篇短文。
写作提示：
（1）What did yu share with yur friend？
（2）The reasn why yu shared it.
（3）What happened after yu shared it？
写作要求：
（1）文章要包含写作提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥，使行文连贯；
（2）不得出现真实的姓名和班级；
（3）词数100 词左右。
What I Shared with My Friend
___________
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】C、E、A、D、B
【解析】1. （1）细节推理题。根据上文She leads art therapy lessns.（她领导艺术治疗课。）可知，此处应介绍在艺术治疗课上，学生做什么。结合选项，C选项（在这些课程中，学生创作艺术并谈论他们的感受。）符合语境。故应选C。
2. （2）细节推理题。根据上文Each lessn lasts abut 45 minutes，and what happens during the lessns depends n the students she wrks with.（每节课大约持续45分钟，课上发生的事情取决于她所接触的学生。）可知，此处应介绍学生如何创作艺术。结合选项，E选项（ 1他们可以使用许多不同的艺术形式，如绘画、素描和写作。）符合语境。故应选E。
3. （3）细节推理题。根据下文It is especially true fr kids.But it can be easier t shw thse feelings thrugh art.（这对孩子们来说尤其如此。但通过艺术来表达这些情感可能更容易。）可知，此处应介绍人们表达自己的情感很困难。结合选项，A选项（有时人们很难用语言表达感情。）符合语境。故应选A。
4. （4）细节推理题。根据下文Students ften cme t see her whenever they are in truble.（学生遇到困难时经常来看她。）可知，此处应介绍Byun在工作中遇到的问题。结合选项，D选项（Byun说，对她来说最大的挑战是处理突发事件。）符合语境。故应选D。
5. （5）细节推理题。根据下文I think they're interesting peple!（我认为他们是有趣的人!）可知，此处应介绍Byun对儿童和青少年的看法。结合选项，B项（我喜欢和孩子们和青少年一起工作。）符合语境。故应选B。
6~20.【答案】B、A、D、C、A、C、D、B、A、C、B、C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：每天放学回家的路上，她都会踩我鞋后跟。stay停留；step踩；push推；rise升起。根据后文I stpped t mve my shes and get mre cmfrtable（我停下来挪动鞋子，让自己舒服些）可知，Mildred踩了作者的鞋，故选B。
（2）考查动词。句意：她让我害怕。scared使害怕；encuraged鼓励；surprised使惊讶；pleased使高兴。根据前文Then，when I stpped t mve my shes and get mre cmfrtable，Mildred wuld slap my back.（然后，当我停下来挪动鞋子，让自己更舒服时，米尔德里德会拍我的背。）可知，Mildred不断踩鞋和拍背的行为，即作者感到害怕，故选A。
（3）考查名词。句意：我把整件事都告诉了她。jke笑话；wish愿望；lie谎言；stry故事、经过。根据后文My mm tld me nt t wrry（我妈妈告诉我不要担心）可知，作者把整件事的经过告诉了妈妈，故选D。
（4）考查名词。句意：妈妈说她有一个计划。reasn原因；traditin传统；plan计划；result结果。根据后文we saw Mildred."Hell，Mildred，"（我们看到了Mildred。"你好，Mildred。"）可知，妈妈主动找Mildred谈话，即妈妈早有打算，故选C。
（5）考查介词。句意：第二天早上，妈妈和我一起走上山。up向上；dwn向下；frm从；ff离开。根据后文gt t the tp f the hill（到达了山顶）可知，她们走上山，故选A。
（6）考查副词。句意：妈妈安静地打招呼。sadly悲伤地；angrily生气地；quietly安静地；nervusly紧张地。根据妈妈的温和态度可知，她平静地打招呼，故选C。
（7）考查形容词。句意：她的手和脸都冻得通红。black黑色的；yellw黄色的；blue蓝色的；red红色的。根据后文versized cat hung pen（敞开的超大外套）可知，天冷Mildred穿得很少，手脸冻红了，故选D。
（8）考查副词。句意：妈妈没有先说话，而是先帮Mildred扣好扣子。Als也；Instead反而、取而代之；Besides此外；Lastly最后。根据前后语境可知，此处是转折替代关系，故选B。
（9）考查介词。句意：把领子翻起来围在她脖子上。arund围绕；ver在上方；behind在后面；utside在外面。turn the cllar up arund her neck意为"把领子翻起来围在脖子上"，故选A。
（10）考查名词。句意：妈妈说话时握着Mildred的手。fingers手指；feet脚；hands手；eyes眼睛。根据前文buttned up（扣好扣子）及后文held可知，此处是握手，故选C。
（11）考查形容词。句意：她在学校需要一个最好的朋友。strangest最奇怪的；best最好的；healthiest最健康的；richest最富有的。根据后文Wuld yu be Marin's friend（你愿意做Marin的朋友吗）可知，妈妈请求Mildred做最好的朋友，故选B。
（12）考查动词。句意：Mildred想了一会儿，点了点头。passed经过；listened听；ndded点头；jined加入。根据后文妈妈说thank yu（谢谢）可知，Mildred同意了，点头表示答应，故选C。
（13）考查动词短语。句意：我就知道你是我可以依赖的人。depend n依赖；lk fr寻找；cme acrss偶遇；care abut关心。根据Then she hugged us （然后她拥抱了我们）妈可知，她认为Mildred值得信赖，故选A。
（14）考查连词。句意：她拥抱了我们然后离开，好像什么都没发生一样。even thugh尽管；as if好像；as lng只要；ever since自从。根据nthing unusual had happened（没有发生任何异常情况）可知，妈妈表现得很自然，好像什么都没发生，故选B。
（15）考查动词。句意：爱永远不会失败。hpes希望；frgets忘记；fllws跟随；fails失败。根据全文妈妈用爱化解了矛盾可知，爱永远不会失败，故选D。
短文讲述了"我"因同学米尔德丽德的欺负而苦恼，母亲得知后巧妙介入。她以温暖的举动化解了米尔德丽德的防备，并真诚邀请她做"我"的朋友。最终，米尔德丽德答应并与"我"成为挚友，展现了母亲用爱巧妙化解矛盾、促成友谊的智慧。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
21.【答案】【小题1】
Yu lk upset
【小题2】
Because I was late fr schl this mrning
【小题3】
I am srry t hear that
【小题4】
When shall we start
【小题5】
Wuld yu like t g with me
【解析】1. （1）根据下文Well，I had a bad day.（嗯，我今天很糟糕。）可知上文看到对方不开心，故填Yu lk upset。
2. （2）根据上文Why？（为什么？）及前文Mr.Li gt angry with me this mrning.（今天早上李老师生我气了。）可知下文回答老师生气的原因，比如迟到，故填Because I was late fr schl this mrning。
3. （3）根据上文In the afternn we had a math exam and I failed it.What a bad day!（下午我们进行了数学考试我没及格。真是太糟糕的一天了！）可知下文表示遗憾，故填I am srry t hear that。
4. （4）根据下文Hw abut this evening？（今晚怎么样？）可知上文询问什么时候开始辅导，故填When shall we start。
5. （5）根据下文I'd lve t.（我愿意。）可知上文询问愿意一起吗，故填Wuld yu like t g with me。
22~26.【答案】C、C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文中第①点"Yu have t give yurself a push t start the jurney dwn.（你必须给自己一个推力来开启下滑的过程）"可知，爬到滑梯顶部后需要给自己一个推力才能开始下滑。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据文中第①点"Things stay still unless smething makes them ▲.It is Newtn's First Law.（物体保持静止，除非有东西让它们____。这是牛顿第一定律）"，结合牛顿第一定律的含义可知，物体在不受外力时会保持静止或匀速直线运动状态，这里指需要外力让物体移动。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中第②点"When tw things rub against each ther，they cause frictin.Withut frictin，yu will slide dwn faster and faster t the bttm.（当两个物体相互摩擦时，会产生摩擦力。没有摩擦力，你会越来越快地滑到底部）"可知，下滑时速度变慢是因为摩擦力的作用，选项B的图标注了"frictin（摩擦力）"。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中第③点"Newtn's First Law als says mving things keep mving unless smething makes them stp.（牛顿第一定律还说，运动的物体会持续运动，除非有东西让它们停下来）"可知，运动的物体不会自己停下来。选项A"Mving things wn't stp n their wn.（运动的物体不会自己停下来）"符合原文；B选项重力不是唯一的力，还有摩擦力；C选项开始下滑需要推力，不是摩擦力；D选项没有重力无法下滑，更不会更快。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。这篇文章介绍了滑梯中涉及的重力、摩擦力、牛顿第一定律等科学知识，这类内容最可能出现在科学书中。选项A故事书、B指南书、C学校海报都不符合文体特征。故选D。
本文介绍了滑梯背后的科学原理，包括重力、摩擦力和牛顿第一定律在滑梯运动中的作用；也解释了推力让物体开始运动、摩擦力让下滑速度变慢的相关物理现象。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
27~31.【答案】D、B、D、C、A
【解析】短文讲述了一所大学期末考试最后一天，一群自信满满的毕业生参加考试。尽管老师允许携带资料且题目仅有五道，但无人能全部作答，学生们从自信转为惶恐。老师借此告诫他们，即便完成四年学业，仍有诸多未知，真正的教育才刚刚开始。 通读全文，了解文章大意，联系上下文，结合语境，完成试题。
1. （1）细节理解题。根据第一段This was their last exam befre they went n t graduatin and jbs.（这是他们毕业和工作前的最后一次考试。）可知，那是大学的最后一次考试。故选D。
2. （2）细节理解题。根据第一段On the steps f ne building，a grup f students were discussing the cming exam in a few minutes.On their faces was cnfidence.（在一栋楼的台阶上，一群学生正在讨论几分钟后即将到来的考试。他们的脸上充满了自信。）可知，他们很自信。故选B。
3. （3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Yu will all pass this curse（你们都将通过这门课程）可知，是全部通过了考试。故选D。
4. （4）细节理解题。根据最后一段I just want yu t knw that，even thugh yu have cmpleted fur years f engineering，there are still many things abut the subject yu dn't knw.These questins yu culd nt answer are quite cmmn in everyday practice（我只是想让你知道，尽管你已经完成了四年的工程学，但关于这门学科，你还有很多东西不知道。这些你无法回答的问题在日常实践中很常见。）可知，她认为这是给学生一个教训的好机会。故选C。
5. （5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段"I just want yu t knw that，even thugh yu have cmpleted fur years f engineering，there are still many things abut the subject yu dn't knw.These questins yu culd nt answer are quite cmmn in everyday practice."Then，smiling，she added，"Yu will all pass this curse，but remember that even thugh yu are nw cllege graduates，yur educatin has just begun."（"我只是想让你知道，尽管你已经完成了四年的工程学，但关于这门学科，你还有很多东西不知道。这些你无法回答的问题在日常实践中很常见。"然后，她微笑着补充道，"你们都将通过这门课程，但请记住，尽管你们现在是大学毕业生，你们的教育才刚刚开始。"）可知，他们学到：毕业不代表学习结束，寓意学无止境。故选A。
32~36.【答案】C、A、C、D、B
【解析】略
1. （1）主旨大意题。根据第1段"Maps are imprtant tls t make sure we dn't get lst and they als tell us hw humans think，feel and live."（地图是确保我们不迷路的重要工具，它们也告诉我们人类如何思考、感受和生活）可知，第一段主要介绍地图的重要性。故选C。
2. （ 2）细节理解题。根据文章时间线：根据第2段中The earliest surviving（现存的） map f the wrld is an earth tablet（碑） frm Babyln.It shws Babyln in the center，the River Euphrates，and the ceans and muntains nearby.（现存最早的世界地图是巴比伦的一块石碑。它显示了中心的巴比伦、幼发拉底河以及附近的海洋和山脉。）可知，c.最早现存地图来自巴比伦→ 根据第3段Hwever，it was Ptlemy，an Egyptian（埃及的） scientist，wh changed them frever.He marked abut 10，000 places by creating a system.It used lines called latitude and lngitude which are still used tday t mark areas n a map.（然而，是埃及科学家托勒密永远地改变了他们。他通过创建一个系统标记了大约10000个地方。它使用称为纬度和经度的线，这些线至今仍用于在地图上标记区域。）可知，b.托勒密创建经纬度系统→ 根据第4段中They were ften made in mnasteries（修道院） and mapmakers put what was mst imprtant t them at the center n the map.（它们通常是在修道院制作的，地图制作者会把对他们来说最重要的东西放在地图的中心。）可知，a.欧洲修道院地图侧重讲故事→ 根据第5段中Ships were crssing ceans and cuntries were building new empires，s accurate（精确的） maps appeared.（船只正在穿越海洋，各国正在建立新的帝国，因此出现了精确的地图。）可知，d.因世界变化精确地图出现→ 根据第6段中There have been reprts f peple driving int lakes，deserts r ther cuntries by mistake after fllwing GPS.（有报道称，人们在跟随GPS后误入湖泊、沙漠或其他国家。）可知，e.现代GPS有时导致错误。正确顺序为c-b-a-d-e，故选A。
3. （3）推理判断题。根据第5段中s accurate maps appeared（因此精确的地图出现了）以及Mapmakers were influenced by Ptlemy's ideas（地图制作者受到托勒密思想的影响）可知，15至17世纪的大变化是地图上更多地方被正确标注，地图更精确了。故选C。
4. （4）推理判断题。根据第6段中sme experts wrry that，blind trust in technlgy means we are lsing ur natural sense f directin.There have been reprts f peple driving int lakes，deserts r ther cuntries by mistake after fllwing GPS.（一些专家担心，盲目信任技术意味着我们正在失去天生的方向感。有报道称人们跟着GPS误入湖泊、沙漠或其他国家）可知，我们不应盲目跟随GPS。故选D。
5. （5）标题归纳题。根据第1段Yu might think that a map is nthing mre than a drawing f an area，such as a city r a cuntry.Maps are imprtant tls t make sure we dn't get lst and they als tell us hw humans think，feel and live.（你可能会认为地图只不过是一个地区的图画，比如一个城市或一个国家。地图是确保我们不会迷路的重要工具，它们还告诉我们人类是如何思考、感受和生活的。）及通读全文可知，全文按时间顺序从古巴比伦地图讲到现代GPS，介绍了地图的发展历史。因此，这篇文章最好的标题是绘制世界地图，故选B。
37.【答案】【小题1】
shes
【小题2】
prvide
【小题3】
easier
【小题4】
taught
【小题5】
because
【小题6】
themselves
【小题7】
keeps
【小题8】
wh
【小题9】
ancient
【小题10】
symbl
【解析】（1）考查名词复数。句意：我们可以用它们的皮制作鞋子。根据"use their skin t make"（用猪皮制作）结合备选词可知，此处应是指制作"鞋子"，此处用she"鞋子"的复数形式shes"鞋子"表泛指，故填shes。
（2）考查动词。句意：猪还为我们提供胰岛素等药物原料。根据"Pigs als with ingredients fr drugs like insulin."（猪还为我们...胰岛素等药物原料。）可知，此处应是固定搭配prvide sb.with sth.（为某人提供某物），主语pigs"猪"为复数，时态为一般现在时，动词原形prvide"提供"符合语境，故填prvide。
（3）考查形容词比较级。句意：许多专家认为猪比狗或猫更容易训练。根据前文"They have a gd memry and can tell different shapes apart."（他们记忆力很好，能分辨出不同的形状。）可知，此处应是猪比狗或猫"更容易"；根据句中than（比）可知，此处用比较级；结合备选词，easy"容易的"的比较级easier"更容易的"符合语境，故填easier。
（4）考查动词。句意：在法国，猪被训练寻找松露。根据"In France，pigs are find truffles."（在法国，猪被…寻找松露。）可知，此处应是被动语态"被训练"，结合备选词，teach"教、训练"的过去分词taught"教"符合语境，故填taught。
（5）考查连词。句意：那是因为猪没有汗腺。根据"That's have n sweat glands."（那是…猪没有汗腺。）可知，此处应表示原因，结合备选词，because"因为"符合语境，故填because。
（6）考查代词。句意：在热天，它们必须在水或泥中使自己保持凉爽。根据"they have t cl water r mud"（它们必须在水或泥中使…保持凉爽）可知，此处应指代"它们自己"，结合备选词，them"它们"的反身代词themselves"它们自己"符合语境，故填 themselves。
（7）考查动词。句意：这也使昆虫远离它们。根据"This ff them as well."（这也…昆虫远离它们。）可知，此处应是固定搭配keep （使…远离），主语This"这"为单数，时态为一般现在时，动词三单keeps"保持"符合语境，故填keeps。
（8）考查关系代词。句意：我们可能会用"狼吞虎咽"来形容吃了很多东西的人。根据"describe smene eaten a lt"（形容…吃了很多东西的人）可知，此处是定语从句修饰smene"某人"，指人且作主语，结合备选词wh"谁、…的人"符合语境，故填wh。
（9）考查形容词。句意：但在古代中国，人们真的喜欢猪。根据"peple in really liked pigs"（在…中国，人们真的喜欢猪）可知，此处应指"古代的"，结合备选词，ancient"古代的"符合语境，故填ancient。
（10）考查名词。句意：人们认为猪的大头和耳朵是好运的象征。根据"a gd luck"（好运的…）可知，此处应是固定搭配a symbl f（…的象征），结合备选词，symbl"象征"符合语境，故填symbl。
短文首先纠正了人们对猪"肥胖懒惰肮脏"的刻板印象，指出猪不仅能提供猪肉，皮毛等还有多种实用价值。接着说明猪并不愚蠢，反而是十分聪明的动物，记忆力好且易训练，嗅觉灵敏可用于寻找松露。随后解释猪爱待在泥水中的真正原因，是为降温、防虫和防晒。此外，文章还介绍了以猪相关词汇形容人的表达，以及中国古代文化中猪被视为好运象征的现象，全面展现了猪的真实特性与多元价值。
解答此类题，关键在于理解，即理解句子的逻辑关系，选择合适的短语或词语。
38.【答案】【小题1】
there
【小题2】
whether
【小题3】
but
【小题4】
T
【小题5】
a
【解析】1. 考查there be句型。句意：一天他去了乡下，注意到有几头牛在附近吃草。根据several cattle是复数，故be动词用了were，根据 several cattle eating grass nearby.（几头牛在附近吃草。）表示附近有好几头牛在吃草。故填there。
2. 考查连词。句意：想知道牛是否能听懂他的音乐。根据下文Gngming Yi gt clser t the cattle and played several pieces f music tattract them，（公明仪靠近牛，演奏了几首音乐来吸引它们，）可知，龚明子想了解牛是否喜欢听他的琴，所以演奏音乐来吸引它们。故填whether。
3. 考查连词。句意：但是他们似乎毫无兴趣。根据上文Gngming Yi get clser t the cattle and played several pieces f music t attract them，（龚明子靠近牛，演奏了几首音乐来吸引它们，）和下文they seemed t have n interest.（它们似乎没有兴趣。）可知，龚明子演奏音乐给牛听，牛却好像没有兴趣，前后文有转折关系，故填but。
4. 考查短语。句意：令他惊讶的是，牛似乎明白了这一点。t ne's surprise是固定短语，表示"令某人吃惊的是"，一般用于句首，后面用逗号隔开。t位于句首，首字母需大写。故填T。
5. 考查短语。句意：对牛弹琴真是浪费时间。a waste f time是固定短语，表示"浪费时间"。根据play the guqin fr the cattle.（对牛弹琴）可知对牛弹琴真是浪费时间。故填a。
39.【答案】 What I Shared with My Friend

Last mnth，I shared a bk called The Little Prince with my best friend，Lily.I shared it because this bk taught me t cherish the true meaning f friendship and lve，and I wanted Lily t feel the same warmth.
After reading it，Lily and I had a lng talk abut the little prince's stry.We realized that we shuld spend mre time caring abut each ther.Since then，we ften read gd bks tgether and share ur thughts.This sharing makes ur friendship much strnger.The friendship between us gets much clser and clser.I like sharing with my friend Lily.
【解析】 What I Shared with My Friend

Last mnth，I shared a bk called The Little Prince with my best friend，Lily.I shared it because this bk taught me t cherish the true meaning f friendship and lve，and I wanted Lily t feel the same warmth.【高分句型一】（分享的东西及原因）
After reading it，Lily and I had a lng talk abut the little prince's stry.We realized that we shuld spend mre time caring abut each ther.【高分句型二】Since then，we ften read gd bks tgether and share ur thughts.This sharing makes ur friendship much strnger.The friendship between us gets much clser and clser.I like sharing with my friend Lily.（分享后的情况）
【高分句型一】：
I shared it because this bk taught me t cherish the true meaning f friendship and lve，and I wanted Lily t feel the same warmth.我分享它是因为这本书教会了我珍惜友谊和爱情的真谛，我希望莉莉也能感受到同样的温暖。
because引导一个原因状语从句。
【高分句型二】：
We realized that we shuld spend mre time caring abut each ther.我们意识到我们应该花更多的时间互相关心。
realize后面跟宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的词汇和语法表达自己的思想，进而表达自己的思想。
A.Smetimes it is hard fr peple t express feelings in wrds.
B.I lve wrking with kids and teenagers.
C.In these lessns，students make art and talk abut their feelings.
D.Byun says that the biggest challenge fr her is dealing with sudden events.
E.They can use many different art frms like painting，drawing and writing.
Newtn said what ges up must cme dwn.He talked abut gravity（重力）.Slides wrk because f gravity.But that is nt all.
①Yu climb up the slide and sit dwn.
Yu are ready t g.Are yu sliding dwn？N，nt yet.Things stay still unless smething makes them ▲.It is Newtn's First Law.S yu have t give yurself a push t start the jurney dwn.
②Nw yu are sliding dwn.
D yu feel yu are slwing dwn a little？When tw things rub（摩擦） against each ther，they cause frictin（摩擦力）.Withut frictin，yu will slide dwn faster and faster t the bttm.That is mre interesting，but mre dangerus.
③At the bttm f the slide，yu cme t a full stp.
Yur feet tuch the grund and add mre frictin.Newtn's First Law als says mving things keep mving unless smething makes them stp.S if yu d nt use yur feet，yu'll fly ff the slide.
symbl ancient she prvide keep teach easy because them wh