译林版八年级英语下册期中复习讲义 现在完成时的构成与基本用法含答案

这是一份译林版八年级英语下册期中复习讲义 现在完成时的构成与基本用法含答案，文件包含百校二B道法试卷pdf、百校二B道法答案pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共10页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、现在完成时的基本概念
1. 已完成用法（影响性）：过去发生的动作对现在有影响或结果。
I have lst my key. (结果：我现在进不去门)
She has finished her hmewrk. (结果：她现在可以玩了)
2. 未完成用法（持续性）：动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，还可能继续。
We have lived here fr ten years. (现在还住着)
He has wrked here since 2015. (现在还在工作)
二、现在完成时的构成
谓语结构：助动词 have/has + 过去分词
主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词）时用has，其他人称用have。
三、动词过去分词的变化规则
1. 规则动词（与过去式变化相同）
2. 常见不规则动词过去分词（Unit 1 课标要求）
不规则动词需要逐个记忆，建议课后默写教材附录不规则动词表前20个。
四、常用标志词（already, yet, ever, never, just）
⚠️ 易错提醒： already不能用于否定句；yet不能用于肯定句；never本身表示否定，不能再与nt连用。
❌ I haven't finished already. → ✅ I haven't finished yet.
❌ I haven't never been there. → ✅ I have never been there.
五、分层精练（共30题）
A组 · 用所给动词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共12分）
1. I ______ (finish) my hmewrk already. Let's g ut.
2. She ______ (nt cme) yet. We are still waiting.
3. ______ yu ever ______ (be) t the Great Wall?
4. They ______ (live) in this city since 2015.
5. He ______ (just arrive) hme. He lks tired.
6. We ______ (nt see) each ther fr a lng time.
7. ______ she ______ (return) the bk t the library?
8. S far, I ______ (learn) 500 English wrds.
9. My mther ______ (ck) dinner. It smells gd.
10. They ______ (never be) t Shanghai befre.
11. I ______ (lse) my wallet. I can't find it anywhere.
12. He ______ (wrk) in this schl fr 5 years.
B组 · 单项选择（每题2分，共16分）
1. — Where is yur brther? — He ______ t the library.
A. has been B. has gne C. went D. ges
2. I ______ this mvie befre. It's very tuching.
A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see
3. She ______ her hmewrk yet. She is still ding it.
A. hasn't finished B. didn't finish C. desn't finish D. wn't finish
4. My parents ______ in Nanjing fr 20 years.
A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live
5. — ______ yu ever ______ t the new park? — Nt yet.
A. Did; g B. Have; gne C. Have; been D. D; g
6. They ______ the gd news. Let's tell them.
A. have already heard B. haven't heard yet C. already heard D. heard yet
7. I ______ my key. I can't pen the dr.
A. lse B. lst C. have lst D. will lse
8. — ______ yu ______ yur hmewrk? — Yes, I finished it an hur ag.
A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. D; finish D. Will; finish
C组 · 句型转换（每题2分，共10分）
1. I have finished my reprt. (改为否定句)
________________________________________________
2. She has visited the Great Wall. (改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________
3. They have lived here fr five years. (对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________
4. He has already seen the film. (改为否定句)
________________________________________________
5. We have dne ur hmewrk. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
________________________________________________
D组 · 改错（每句只有一处错误，找出并改正，每题2分，共8分）
1. I have went t the new supermarket. It's very big.
改正：________________________________________________
2. She haven't finished her wrk yet.
改正：________________________________________________
3. He has visited his grandparents last week.
改正：________________________________________________
4. I haven't never seen such a beautiful sunset.
改正：________________________________________________
E组 · 语篇填空（每空1分，共8分）
Dear Mum,
I'm writing t tell yu that I ______ (1) (arrive) in Beijing safely. I ______ (2) (already check) int the htel. I ______ (3) (nt eat) dinner yet because I'm nt hungry. I ______ (4) (just take) a shwer. S far, I ______ (5) (visit) the Bird's Nest and the Water Cube. They are amazing! I ______ (6) (never see) such wnderful buildings befre. I ______ (7) (be) t many places in China, but I ______ (8) (never be) t the Great Wall. I'm s excited.
参考答案（教师用卷）
A组：
1. have finished 2. hasn't cme 3. Have; been 4. have lived 5. has just arrived 6. haven't seen 7. Has; returned 8. have learned 9. has cked 10. have never been 11. have lst 12. has wrked
B组：
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B
C组：
1. I haven't finished my reprt yet.
2. Has she visited the Great Wall?
3. Hw lng have they lived here?
4. He hasn't seen the film yet.
5. Have yu dne yur hmewrk? Yes, we have.
D组：
1. went → gne 2. haven't → hasn't 3. has visited → visited (或去掉last week) 4. 去掉haven't (或never→ever)
E组：
1. have arrived 2. have already checked 3. haven't eaten 4. have just taken 5. have visited 6. have never seen 7. have been 8. have never been句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.
I have finished my wrk. / She has arrived.
否定句
主语 + have/has + nt + 过去分词 + 其他.
I haven't seen him tday. / He hasn't cme yet.
一般疑问句
Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?
Have yu eaten lunch? / Has she called yu?
肯定回答
Yes, 主语 + have/has.
Yes, I have. / Yes, she has.
否定回答
N, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.
N, I haven't. / N, she hasn't.
情况
变化规则
原形
过去分词
一般情况
加 ed
wrk / help
wrked / helped
以 e 结尾
加 d
live / hpe
lived / hped
辅音 + y 结尾
变 y 为 i 加 ed
study / carry
studied / carried
重读闭音节结尾
双写末尾辅音加 ed
stp / plan
stpped / planned
原形
过去式
过去分词
原形
过去式
过去分词
be
was/were
been
g
went
gne
d
did
dne
see
saw
seen
have
had
had
eat
ate
eaten
buy
bught
bught
read
read
read
cme
came
cme
write
wrte
written
take
tk
taken
give
gave
given
meet
met
met
tell
tld
tld
speak
spke
spken
knw
knew
knwn
标志词
含义
用法位置
例句
already
已经
肯定句，助动词后或句末
I have already finished my hmewrk.
yet
还；已经
否定句/疑问句，句末
Have yu seen the film yet? / I haven't finished yet.
ever
曾经
疑问句，助动词后
Have yu ever been t Beijing?
never
从未
肯定句（表否定），助动词后
I have never visited the Great Wall.
just
刚刚
肯定句，助动词后
He has just left the ffice.