陕西西安市长安区第一中学2025-2026学年第二学期第一次质量检测高一英语试题含答案

这是一份陕西西安市长安区第一中学2025-2026学年第二学期第一次质量检测高一英语试题含答案，共10页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7，5 分，满分 37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高一英语试题
第 I 卷（选择题）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1 ．What is the man’s main reasn fr buying an electric car?
A．The lw running cst. B．The envirnmental prtectin. C．The gvernment’s financial supprt.
2 ．Hw des the man sund?
A ．Cnfused. B ．Hesitant. C ．Curius.
3 ．Why did Mrs. Jnes make the phne call this mrning?
A ．T schedule a meeting. B ．T share her decisin. C ．T get sme infrmatin.
4 ．What is the purpse f the “green pints” system?
A ．T reduce app usage. B ．T prmte green travel. C ．T sell mre bus tickets.
5 ．Why is the wman surprised abut the package?
A ．It arrived quickly. B ．It cst a lt. C ．It was misplaced.
第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6 ．What des the man decide t d first?
A ．Sign up fr a yearly membership.
B ．Bk a persnal training sessin.
C ．Chse the mnthly membership plan.
7 ．What is the cst f a single persnal training sessin?
A ．$25. B ．$30. C ．$250.
8 ．What is included in the membership?
A．Access t grup classes. B．A discunt n yearly plans. C．Free persnal training sessins.
9 ．What can we infer abut the man?
A ．He is new t fitness training.
B ．He is nly interested in grup classes.
C ．He prefers flexibility in the membership.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10 ．What is the man’s first piece f advice fr the wman?
A．Setting ff at her wn speed. B．Wearing a helmet at all times.
C ．Explring different rutes.
11 ．Where des the man nrmally g cycling?
A ．Alng the cast. B ．In the nearby park. C ．In the muntains.
12 ．What is the lngest distance the man has cycled?
A ．50 kilmeters. B ．100 kilmeters. C ．150 kilmeters.
13 ．Why des the man enjy grup rides?
A ．They help break his cycling recrd.
B ．They give him a sense f belnging.
C ．They usually invlve intense cmpetitin.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
14 ．Why is the dg sent t the training schl?
A ．He needs t learn sme new skills.
B ．He has been acting in an dd way.
C ．He is trubled by his visin prblem.
15 ．Hw will Sphie get t her classrm tday?
A．With the help f her sister. B．By relying n the man. C．Under the guidance f a dg.
16 ．What will Sphie need t d tday?
A ．G shpping. B ．Train a dg. C ．Take a test.
17 ．Wh is prbably Mr. Andrew?
A ．Sphie’s teacher. B ．Sphie’s hairdresser. C ．Sphie’s dctr.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18 ．Wh is the speaker talking t prbably?
A ．Wrkers. B ．Students. C ．Emplyers.
19 ．What des the speaker say abut vlunteer jbs?
A ．They are beneficial t the vlunteers.
B ．Mst f them are ffered in Autumn.
C ．Schls are badly in need f vlunteers.
20 ．What is the speaker recmmending?
A ．A schl. B ．A cmpany. C ．Ajb website.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If yu’re heading fr yur nearest branch f Waterstnes, the biggest bk retailer in the UK, in search f the Duchess f Sussex’s new children’s bk The Bench, yu might have t be prepared t hunt arund a bit, the same may be true f The President’s Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clintn and James Pattersn. Bth f these bks are published next week by Penguin
Randm Huse (PRH), a cmpany currently invlved in a stand-ff with Waterstnes.
The prblem began late last year, when PRH cnfirmed that it had intrduced a credit limit with Waterstnes “at a very significant level”. The trade magazine The Bkseller reprted that Waterstnes branch managers were being tld t remve PRH bks frm prminent areas such as tables, display spaces and windws, and were “quietly retiring them t their relevant sectins”.
PRH declined t cmment n the issue, but a spkespersn fr Waterstnes tld me:
“Waterstnes are currently perating with reduced credit terms frm PRH, the nly publisher in
the UK t place any limitatins n ur ability t trade. We are nt byctting PRH titles but we
are ding ur utmst t ensure that availability fr custmers remains gd despite the lwer
verall levels f stck.” “We are hpeful with ur shps nw pen again that nrmality will return and that we will be allwed t buy apprpriately. Certainly, ur shps are exceptinally busy. The sales fr ur May Bks f the Mnth surpassed any mnth since 2018.”
In the meantime, PRH authrs have been the lsers. Big-name PRH authrs may suffer a
bit, but it’s thse mid-list authrs, wh nrmally rely n Waterstnes staff’s passin fr prmting bks by lesser-knwn writers, wh will be praying fr an end t the dispute.
It cmes at a time when authrs are already wrried abut the cnsequences f the
prpsed merger between PRH and anther big publisher, Simn & Schuster — the reductin in
the number funaligned UK publishers is likely t lead t fewer bidding wars, lwer advances,
and mre cnfrmity in terms f what is published. “This is all part f a wider change twards
cncentratin f pwer,” says literary agent Andrew Lwnie. “The publishing industry talks abut diversity in terms f authrs and staff but it als needs a plurality f ways f delivering intellectual cntact, chice and different vices. After all, many f the mst interesting bks in recent years have cme frm small publishers.”
We shall see whether that plurality is a casualty f the current need amng publishers t be big enugh t take n all-cmers.
21 ．The authr mentins tw bks in Paragraph 1 t present .
A ．an nging cnflict. B ．an intellectual cncept.
C ．a prevailing sentiment. D ．a literary phenmenn.
22 ．What message des the spkespersn fr Waterstnes seem t cnvey?
A ．Their stck is underestimated. B ．Their custmers remain lyal.
C ．The bk market is rather slack. D ．The credit limit will be remved.
23 ．Which f the fllwing statements best represents Lwnie’s view?
A ．Small publishers ught t stick tgether.
B ．Big publishers will lse their dminance.
C ．The publishing industry is having a hard time.
D ．The merger f publishers is a wrrying trend.
B
Scientists at Finland’s Aalt University have fund that using artificial intelligence (AI) almst remves and reverses (逆转)the Dunning-Kruger effect, a phenmenn that peple wh aren’t very gd at a given task are vercnfident, while peple with high ability tend t
underestimate their skills. Their research shwed that when using cmmn chatbts t slve
prblems, everyne (regardless f their skill level) tended t put t much faith in the quality f the answers, with the mst experienced AI users ding s the mst.
In the study, scientists gave 500 subjects lgical reasning tasks, with half allwed t use ChatGPT. Bth grups were later quizzed n bth their AI literacy and hw well they thught they perfrmed, and prmised extra rewards if they assessed their wn perfrmance accurately.
The reasns behind the findings are varied. Because AI users were usually satisfied with their answer after nly ne questin r prmpt (提示), accepting the answer withut further
checking r cnfirmatin, they can be said t have engaged in what Rbin Welsch, an Aalt
University cmputer scientist, calls “cgnitive (认知) fflading” — explring the questin with reduced reflectin, and appraching it in a mre “shallw” way.
Such less engagement in ur wn reasning means we bypass the usual feedback prcess f critical thinking, which reduces ur ability t assess ur perfrmance accurately. Even mre
revealing was the fact that we all verestimate ur abilities when using AI, regardless f ur
intelligence, with the gap between high-and lw-skill users reducing. The study wed this t the
fact that large language mdels (LLMs) help everyne perfrm better t sme degree. Meanwhile, the Aalt team warned f several ptential impacts as AI becmes mre widespread.
Firstly, metacgnitive accuracy verall might suffer. Withut reflecting n results, errr
checking r deeper reasning, we risk weakening ur ability t surce infrmatin reliably, the
scientists said in the study. What’s mre, the flattening f the Dunning-Kruger Effect will mean
we’ll all cntinue t verestimate ur abilities while using AI, with the mre AI-literate amng us ding s even mre — leading t an increased climate f miscalculated decisin-making and a
drp in their skills.
24 ．What did Aalt University researchers discver abut AI chatbt use?
A ．Lw-ability users became less cnfident.
B ．It strengthened the Dunning-Kruger Effect.
C ．Users generally ver-trusted the chatbt’s answers.
D ．Only beginners ften thught highly f their abilities.
25 ．Which aspect f the research is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A ．The purpse. B ．The prcess. C ．The subjects. D ．The findings.
26 ．Why d the users ften verestimate their abilities?
A ．LLMs’ aid imprves users’ task perfrmance.
B ．Users ften skip the prcess f critical thinking.
C ．AI tls cntribute t users’ metacgnitive accuracy.
D ．The gap between high-and lw-skill AI users is bridged.
27 ．What will be prbably talked abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A ．Regulatins fr narrwing AI users’ skill gap.
B ．Guidelines fr surcing infrmatin reliably.
C ．Methds fr preventing users’ cgnitive decline.
D ．Tips fr imprving the subjects’ perfrmance.
C
Time is smething we feel every day — rushing t schl, glancing at watches, cunting
dwn minutes. Yet, surprisingly, mdern physics struggles t explain why time mves frward at all. Einstein’s thery f relativity describes time as part f a fixed 4D spacetime, where past,
present, and future cexist like pages in a bk. Quantum mechanics (量子力学) des nt
naturally treats time as special — many prcesses culd run backward just as well. S where des time’s flw cme frm?
A grundbreaking perspective was prpsed in 1983 by scientists Page and Wtters. They prpsed that time is an illusin (幻觉) created by quantum entanglement (纠缠). They envisined the universe as a timeless quantum state. When ne part acts as a “clck” and becmes entangled with the rest, time seems t emerge —just like page numbers help us read a stry in rder.
Experimental supprt is accumulating. In a 2024 study, scientists created a mdel using
entangled quantum magnets and a spring. The entire system was static (静态的), yet the spring’s state changed ver time relative t the clck, demnstrating hw time might arise frm
entanglement.
But what culd serve as the universe’s real clck? Italian physicist Pala Verrucci pints t black hles. They are islated, highly energetic, and — thanks t Hawking radiatin — can
entangle with the utside wrld. “It’s a perfect clck,” she says. “Yu can’t tuch it, but yu can be linked t it.”
Mre strikingly, Verrucci argues time’s directin may cme frm quantum measurement. Each time we bserve reality, pssibilities cllapse int facts — a ne-way prcess. “Yu create time,” she says, “when yu ask what time it is.” This view transfrms ur rle frm passive
witnesses f time t active participants. Time may nt be a pre-existing river carrying us, but a stry we c-write thrugh ur interactins with a quantum universe.
28 ．What can we knw frm paragraph 1?
A ．The thery f relativity views time as independent f space.
B ．Mdern physics can explain why time mves frward easily.
C ．Quantum mechanics specially fcuses n the study f time.
D ．Our understanding f time varies frm physics perspectives.
29 ．Why did the scientists create the mdel?
A ．T explain the quantum entanglement.
B ．T supprt a timeless quantum state.
C ．T shw hw time cmes frm entanglement.
D ．T cnfirm time exists in a static universe.
30 ．Which viewpint might Verrucci agree with?
A ．Hawking radiatin generated time. B ．There is n ideal clck in universe.
C ．Observing time helps t create time. D ．Time existed as a river befre humans.
31 ．What is the main purpse f the text?
A ．T present the histry f quantum mechanics.
B ．T explre the rigin f time frm quantum links.
C ．T cmpare a cuple f knwn spacetime theries.
D ．T illustrate technlgy f quantum entanglement.
D
The Luis Creek Valley in British Clumbia is green with Duglas firs (花旗松), but Je
Gilchrist, a fire keeper and 30-year firefighter, sees danger first. “Over 100 years since burning was banned, trees have vergrwn,” he explains. “Dead trees and fallen branches add t fuel. A majr fire is waiting.”
Until the 1860s, the Secwepemc peple were regularly setting small fires in spring and fall. These burns cleared undergrwth safely, preventing crwn fires that jump between treetps.
“Megafires (特大火灾) just weren’t pssible, because the frest itself was bidiverse,” says
Gilchrist. “It wasn’t a single-species stand f trees that are t clse tgether, t ver-aged, and with lts f fuel n the grund.”
This practice was cmmn acrss pre-Clumbian Americas. Eurpean settlers described it in diaries as wasteful but nw, experts see that they knew what they were ding. Lri Daniels, a prfessr f the University f British Clumbia, has matched fire scars n tree rings with native ral histry, finding evidence f the repeated lw-scale burning. One tree in Tbacc Plains
survived 52 fires, but fire-scar rings ceased in the 19th century when settlers banned traditinal burning. “After Wrld War II, fire cntrl technlgy imprved, but frests became weaker as fuel cllected.65%-85% f tday’s trees grew after native burning stpped,” says Daniels. “The thick frests we see exist because fires were cntrlled fr decades.”
Nw, climate change has created a terrifying new nrmal. Htter temperatures, drier
cnditins, and increased fuel have turned nrthern frests int fire traps. In 2023, Canadian fires burned ver 37 millin acres, releasing abut 647 millin metric tns f carbn dixide. Sme
frests may never recver, and repeated big fires culd turn them int grasslands. Wrse, nrthern permanent frzen sil hlds huge carbn; as glbal warming melts it, fires there can burn fr
mnths, releasing carbn trapped fr thusands f years and pushing Earth tward a climate tipping pint.
As expert Flannigan warns, “We’re n a dwnward path. Until we address the rt cause — ur reliance n fssil fuels — warming and fires will wrsen. There’s n way arund it.”
32 ．Why des Je Gilchrist see danger first in the Luis Creek Valley?
A ．Frests are being cut dwn. B ．T much fire fuel exists.
C ．Climate becmes extremely dry. D ．Dead trees are nt cleared timely.
33 ．What des Prfessr Lri Daniels’s research demnstrate?
A ．Native burning was randmly arranged.
B ．Native burning burnt dwn mst f the frests.
C ．Native burning was nce an effective practice.
D ．Native burning was recrded by Eurpean settlers.
34 ．Which is a mentined cnsequence f large-scale frest fires?
A ．Balance f climate system. B ．Cntrl f fuel accumulatin.
C ．Melting f permanent frzen sil. D ．Reductin f frests’ carbn strage.
35 ．Which is the best title fr the text?
A ．Native Wisdm: Key t Preventing Frest Fires
B ．Climate Change: Rt f All Frest Disasters
C ．Frm Cntrlled Burns t Megafires: A Frest Crisis
D ．Fire Cntrl Technlgy: A Slutin t Frest Fires
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu have ever felt like the dd ne ut, the misunderstd artist, r the rebel (叛逆者)
withut a cause in yur family, yu have likely wrn the “black sheep” title. The term is nt just a catchy phrase but a lived experience fr many. 36
Being the black sheep can cme with its share f psychlgical challenges. One may feel left ut, misunderstd and even rejected. Luckily, there are ways t heal frm a childhd spent as the black sheep.
Begin by embracing yur individuality. Yu need t recgnize that yur differences are nt weaknesses but strengths. 37 And there is enrmus value in that. S, celebrate yur
distinct path and all the qualities that set yu apart.
Setting healthy bundaries is crucial t yur relatinship. It is kay t say n, t distance yurself frm negative energy, and t chse yur wn well-being. 38
Plus, yu’d better find a cmmunity f like-minded individuals, which can prvide great supprt. Sharing experiences in an understanding envirnment can be remarkably healing.
39 Still, smetimes, the impact f grwing up as the black sheep can be intense, affecting ne’s mental health and relatinships.
40 Therapy prvides a safe space t explre yur feelings, understand the dynamics that shaped yur rle within the family, and develp strategies t mve frward in a healthy way.
A ．Yur unique viewpints and chices define wh yu are.
B ．Therefre, recnciling (和解) with yur family shuld be yur gal.
C ．After all, there are many flks ut there wh can relate t yur jurney.
D ．This is why islating yurself t avid further pain is a cmmn reactin.
E ．This helps prtect yur mental health and strengthen yur sense f self-wrth.
F ．In such cases, seeking the guidance f a health prfessinal can be invaluable.
G ．This rle is typically assigned t smene wh ges against the family’s expectatins.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Ognjen Krnetié is a ranger (护林员) in the prtected area f the Gradac River Grge (峡谷) and a member f the Gradac Envirnmental Sciety. He has spent decades making sure that
Gradac that way. He grew up in a family that prtected nature befre it even became a prfessin. This family traditin f respnsible use f nature and frest and water led Ognjen t the jb he des tday — he is the man wh makes sure the Gradac River will keep
fr his children t enjy.
In recent years, Gradac has fallen victim t its wn . When mre and mre
peple began t nature escapes near cities, the grge has experienced the entry f
int its prtected areas: unauthrized camping, fires started where it is , and swimming spts crwded with bathers.
Despite all _________, the lcal cmmunity remains _________ t the visin f keeping Gradac clean and lifeful. The prject “Natural Measures fr Eclgical Gradac” is part f the
cmmunity’s effrt t the varius challenges the river faces with smart, nature-based slutins.
Fr Ognjen Krnetié and lcal residents living near Gradac, each f these is mre than typical nature cnservatin — it is a way t a part f their identity and family traditin. It is als a(n) fr the children wh run alng the shres f Gradac
tday t bring their wn t the same river tmrrw, under the same willw trees, and say, “Yu knw yu can drink the water straight frm the river here.”
41 ．A ．wrks B ．frms C ．stays D ．stretches
42 ．A ．getting n with B ．making use f C ．keeping cntact with D ．taking care f
43 ．A ．clean B ．quiet C ．calm D ．clurful
44 ．A ．pllutin B ．respnsibilities C ．ppularity D ．lcatin
45 ．A ．avid B ．seek C ．permit D ．change
46 ．A ．visitrs B ．animals C ．ppnents D ．victims
47 ．A ．admired B ．prhibited C ．expected D ．ignred
48 ．A ．disasters B ．effrts C ．difficulties D ．pssibilities
49 ．A ．addicted B ．ppsed C ．expsed D ．cmmitted
50 ．A ．address B ．analyze C ．create D ．recrd
51 ．A ．challenges B ．measures C ．traditins D ．barriers
52 ．A ．preserve B ．illustrate C ．integrate D ．adapt
53 ．A ．rutine B ．pprtunity C ．alternative D ．way
54 ．A ．wrkmates B ．parents C ．friends D ．children
55 ．A ．willingly B ．gently C ．prudly D ．simply
第 II 卷（非选择题）
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Milky Way frmed arund 13.5 billin years ag, but it's nt pssible t travel back in time t see exactly hw it 56 (happen). Studies f the Galaxy's ancient stars ffer sme clues, as d simulatins (模拟), 57 the bservable light frm ur hme galaxy (星系) was emitted (发出) t recently 58 (enable) astrnmers t examine its beginnings directly. One way
arund this prblem is t study ther galaxies that resemble the Milky Way. Mwla used
bservatins frm the James Webb Space Telescpe (JWST) t investigate 59 distant galaxy with a mass that matches the expected mass f the Milky Way 60 (shrt) after its frmatin in the early universe.
When astrnmers bserve distant galaxies, they see light that was emitted billins f years
ag, because it takes time __61__light t travel acrss space t their telescpes. __62__ (earth)
distance frm such far-away galaxies, and thus hw lng ag their light was emitted, can be
measured, thanks t the cnstant 63 (expand) f the universe. As light jurneys acrss the
vastness f space, its wavelength is stretched alng with the expanding fabric f space, 64
(make) it seem redder than it was when it was emitted. And the change in the wavelength 65 (determine) by the distance the light travels and the age f the universe at the time f emissin.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
66．你校英语社团举办主题为“Labr Shapes Us”演讲活动,请你以上周参与的一次校园食堂帮厨劳动实践，写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1.具体劳动过程；
2.你的劳动感悟。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Labr Shapes Us
第二节（满分 25 分）
67 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On an early rainy Nvember mrning, the sky was still dark. Ed Cleman, a truck driver frm Sapp Brthers Petrleum, was driving alng his usual rute in Papillin, Nebraska. He
planned t finish his delivery tasks as usual, never thinking he wuld becme a her that day.
Suddenly, smething unusual caught his eye n the rad. Even thugh the rain blurred (使变模糊) his visin, he seemed t see a small figure standing n the median (隔离带). As a father f his wn children, Ed felt a strng urge t check it ut. He made a quick U-turn and drve back, nly t find a 3-year-ld by standing there alne, lking scared and helpless.
It turned ut that earlier, the by’s grandfather had a sudden illness. The cuple rushed him t the hspital in a hurry and accidentally frgt t lck the dr prperly. The little by had
wken up in the early mrning and culdn’t find his parents. He quietly walked ut f the huse, hping t lk fr them. Unfamiliar with the neighburhd, he wandered alng the rad and
accidentally walked nt the median. He was t frightened t mve, s he just std there in the cld rain.
Ed gt ut f his truck at nce. At the same time, anther witness wh passed by als
stpped t help. They called 911 immediately. T keep the by warm, Ed carried him int his
truck and wrapped him in a blanket given by the ther witness. While waiting fr the plice, Ed played cartn vides n his phne t calm the little by dwn.
Ed said he had slightly diverted (改道) frm his usual path that day. He culdn’t explain
why he chse that way, but it was this small change that made him meet the by in time. In an
interview, he said he nly cared abut keeping the by safe. Thinking f his wn children, he
culdn’t imagine leaving the by there alne. His vice even trembled (颤抖) with emtin when he talked abut it.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Shrtly after, the plice arrived.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Ten days later, Ed accepted the invitatin t the by’s hme fr dinner.
____________________________________________________________
1 ．A
【原文】W: I heard yu bught an electric car.
M: Yeah, the gvernment ffers financial supprt, which is nice. But the main reasn is that charging is cheaper than buying gas.
W: And it’s quiet and envirnmentally friendly t.
M: That’s a bnus.
2 ．B
【原文】W: Nw that yu’re free in the evenings, Daniel, why dn’t yu jin ur sprts club?
M: I’d lve t, but I’m afraid I’m nt that athletic.
W: Dn’t wrry. We just g there t keep fit and make friends.
3 ．C
【原文】W: I heard Mrs. Jnes called the ffice earlier this mrning. Did she want t schedule a meeting?
M: N. She was asking abut the details f the new prject. She needed mre infrmatin befre making a decisin.
4 ．B
【原文】M: I just gt 50 “green pints” fr taking the subway tday. They can be exchanged fr a bus ticket r a tree-planting certificate.
W: Hw des that wrk? I usually drive.
M: The app tracks lw-carbn trips. Mre pints mean mre rewards, encuraging greener
chices.
5 ．C
【原文】M: Lk what the deliveryman left n the drstep. I wnder if it’s the expensive glf equipment I rdered.
W: But yu nly rdered that last night. It’s prbably addressed t the huse acrss the rad! Oh! It was the dress I’ve been waiting fr.
6 ．C 7 ．B 8 ．A 9 ．C
【原文】M: Excuse me, I’d like t sign up fr a membership. Can yu tell me abut the ptins?
W: Sure! We have three plans: mnthly, quarterly, and yearly. The yearly plan is the mst cst-effective, but the mnthly ne is mre flexible.
M: I think I’ll g fr the mnthly plan. Hw much is it?
W: It’s $50 per mnth, and yu can cancel anytime.
M: Great. D yu ffer any persnal training sessins?
W: Yes, we d. Our trainers are certified, and yu can bk sessins based n yur fitness gals.
M: That sunds gd. Hw much des a sessin cst?
W: It’s $30 per sessin, r yu can get a package f 10 sessins fr $250.
M: I’ll take the package. Als, are there any grup classes included in the membership?
W: Abslutely! We have yga classes and functinal training classes. Yu can jin any f them fr free.
M: Perfect. I’ll sign up fr the mnthly plan and the training package.
W: Great chice! Let me get the paperwrk ready fr yu.
10 ．A 11 ．B 12 ．C 13 ．B
【原文】W: I heard yu are really int cycling, Henry. I’ve been thinking abut giving it a try. Any tips fr a beginner?
M: Definitely! First, get a cmfrtable bike and start at yur wn pace. Begin with shrt rides and gradually increase the distance. Next, always wear a helmet fr safety. Plus, dn’t hesitate t
explre different rutes.
W: Gd advice. D yu have a regular cycling rute?
M: Yes. Mst f the time, I g cycling in the nearby park, and smetimes I ride alng the cast r in the muntains.
W: Nice. What’s the lngest distance yu’ve cycled? 50 kilmeters?
M: My best recrd is 3 times that distance.
W: Amazing! I admire yur willpwer. By the way, I’ve heard abut grup rides. Have yu ever attended ne?
M: Yeah. Grup rides are fantastic. I like them. I enjy meeting fellw cyclists and sharing my experiences with them. And there’s a great sense f cmmunity. It’s all fr fun, nt fr
cmpetitin.
W: Cycling seems like a great way t stay fit and enjy the utdrs.
M: It truly is. Give it a sht!
14 ．B 15 ．A 16 ．C 17 ．A
【原文】M: Hey, Sphie. Smething is different abut yu tday. What is it?
W: Oh, Mr. Andrew. Yu’ve nticed my new haircut!
M: N. It’s smething else. That’s it. Yu dn’t have yur dg with yu tday. Where is he?
W: He’s been acting strangely lately, s I sent him back t the dg training schl. He’s my eyes, yu knw. He had t be taught hw t help me find my way.
M: Will yu be able t find yur way t class tday withut him?
W: Yeah. My sister is just ver there paying fr sme shpping. I’m just waiting fr her. When she gets back, she’ll help me t the classrm. She’s a big help, but I really miss my dg.
M: OK, then. I’ll see yu later. Dn’t frget tday is the day f the test.
W: I wn’t. I spent half f last night ding my hmewrk in preparatin fr it.
18 ．B 19 ．A 20 ．C
【原文】
W: Gd evening, everyne. It’s the end f the term and if yu’re lking fr part-time jbs in Indi, Califrnia r even student jbs and jbs fr teens in Indi, Califrnia, yu’ve cme t the right place. With ver 30,000 jb pprtunities arund the cunty. chances are that GrveJb.
cm has the right jb fr yu and wants t be yur nly surce fr finding summer wrk and teen jbs in Indi, Califrnia. We’ve gt plenty f part-time jbs. Check ut the list f emplyers
belw wh are accepting applicatins fr part-time jbs in Indi. There’re als sme vlunteer
jbs n the site. Vlunteering is a great way t learn new skills, meet new peple and make an
impact n yur cmmunity. Many schls and schlarships use vlunteerism as part fthe
selectin standard. Remember t check back with GrveJb. cm n a regular basis. We add new part-time jb listings t ur database every week, s yu’ll find new jb pprtunities every time yu check back with us. Using GrveJb. cm t find student wrk and summer jbs in Indi is that easy. Thank yu fr listening. I wish yu all gd luck.
21 ．A 22 ．B 23 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍英国企鹅兰登书屋与沃特斯通书店的商业纠纷、影响及业内对出版业合并趋势的担忧。
21 ．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Bth f these bks are published next week by Penguin
Randm Huse (PRH), a cmpany currently invlved in a stand-ff with Waterstnes.(这两本书都将于下周由企鹅兰登书屋出版，该公司目前与沃特斯通书店处于对峙状态。)”可知，作者
提及两本书是为了引出两家公司正在进行的冲突。故选 A 项。
22．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Certainly, ur shps are exceptinally busy. The sales fr ur May Bks f the Mnth surpassed any mnth since 2018.(当然，我们的门店异常繁忙。五月月度图书的销量超过了 2018 年以来的任何一个月。)”可知，沃特斯通书店发言人想传达顾客依然忠诚、门店生意很好。故选 B 项。
23 ．推理判断题。根据文章第五段““This is all part f a wider change twards cncentratin f pwer,” says literary agent Andrew Lwnie. “The publishing industry talks abut diversity in
terms f authrs and staff but it als needs a plurality f ways f delivering intellectual cntact,
chice and different vices. After all, many f the mst interesting bks in recent years have
cme frm small publishers.”（文学经纪人安德鲁·洛尼表示：“这都是走向权力集中的更大变革的一部分。出版业在作者和员工构成方面谈论多样性，但它也需要多种途径来实现知识交流、供给选择和不同声音。毕竟，近年来许多最有趣的书籍都来自小型出版商”）”可推知，洛尼认为出版商合并会导致行业权力集中，挤压小出版商生存空间，损害行业多样性，因此出版商合并是令人担忧的趋势。故选 D。
24 ．C 25 ．B 26 ．A 27 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍芬兰阿尔托大学的科学家发现使用人工智能几乎消除并逆转了邓宁-克鲁格效应，研究表明使用常见聊天机器人解决问题时，用户通常过度信任聊天机器人给出的答案，且无论技能水平高低，使用人工智能时都会高估自己的能力，文章还探讨了该现象背后的原因以及可能带来的潜在影响。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Their research shwed that when using cmmn chatbts t slve prblems, everyne (regardless f their skill level) tended t put t much faith in the quality f
the answers, with the mst experienced AI users ding s the mst.(他们的研究表明，当使用普通聊天机器人解决问题时，每个人（无论技能水平如何）都倾向于过度相信答案的质量，经验最丰富的人工智能用户表现得最为明显)”可知，阿尔托大学的研究人员发现使用人工智能聊天机器人时，用户普遍过度信任聊天机器人的答案。故选 C 项。
25 ．主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the study, scientists gave 500 subjects lgical reasning tasks, with half allwed t use ChatGPT. Bth grups were later quizzed n bth their AI literacy and
hw well they thught they perfrmed, and prmised extra rewards if they assessed their wn
perfrmance accurately.(在这项研究中，科学家给 500 名受试者布置了逻辑推理任务，其中一半人被允许使用 ChatGPT。随后，两组受试者都接受了关于他们的人工智能素养以及他们认
)
为自己表现如何的测试，并承诺如果他们能准确评估自己的表现，将给予额外奖励)”可知，该段主要介绍了研究的过程，包括给受试者布置任务、分组、后续测试等。故选 B 项。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“The study wed this t the fact that large language mdels （LLMs help everyne perfrm better t sme degree.(该研究将此归因于大型语言模型（LLMs）在某种程度上帮助每个人都表现得更好)”可知，用户经常高估自己的能力是因为大型语言模型的帮助提高了用户在任务中的表现。故选 A 项。
27 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Firstly, metacgnitive accuracy verall might suffer. Withut reflecting n results, errr checking r deeper reasning, we risk weakening ur ability t surce
infrmatin reliably, the scientists said in the study. What’s mre, the flattening f the
Dunning-Kruger Effect will mean we’ll all cntinue t verestimate ur abilities while using AI,
with the mre AI-literate amng us ding s even mre — leading t an increased climate f
miscalculated decisin-making and a drp in their skills.(首先，整体的元认知准确性可能会受到影响。科学家在该研究中指出，若不对结果进行反思、不做错误检查或深入推理，我们就有可能削弱自己可靠获取信息的能力。此外，邓宁 - 克鲁格效应的弱化将意味着：在使用人工智能时，我们所有人都会继续高估自己的能力，而其中对人工智能更熟悉的人，这种情况会更为严重 —— 这会导致错误决策的风气加剧，同时使他们自身的能力下降)”可知，文章最后提到了使用人工智能的潜在影响，接下来可能会讨论防止用户认知能力下降的方法。故选 C 项。
28 ．D 29 ．C 30 ．C 31 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从量子角度探讨时间的产生与方向。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yet, surprisingly, mdern physics struggles t explain why time mves frward at all. Einstein’s thery f relativity describes time as part f a fixed 4D spacetime, where past, present, and future cexist like pages in a bk. Quantum mechanics des nt
naturally treats time as special — many prcesses culd run backward just as well. (然而，令人惊讶的是，现代物理学很难解释为什么时间会向前移动。爱因斯坦的相对论将时间描述为固定的四维时空的一部分，过去、现在和未来像书中的页面一样共存。量子力学并不自然地把时间视为特殊的——许多过程也可以逆向运行。)”可知，我们对时间的理解因物理学角度不同而有差异。故选 D。
29 ．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a 2024 study, scientists created a mdel using entangled quantum magnets and a spring. The entire system was static (静态的), yet the spring’s state
changed ver time relative t the clck, demnstrating hw time might arise frm entanglement.
(在 2024 年的一项研究中，科学家们使用纠缠的量子磁体和弹簧创建了一个模型。整个系统是静态的，然而，相对于时钟，弹簧的状态随时间而变化，这展示了时间是如何从纠缠中产生的。)”可知，科学家创建这个模型是为了展示时间是如何从纠缠中产生的。故选 C。
30 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Mre strikingly, Verrucci argues time’s directin may cme frm quantum measurement. Each time we bserve reality, pssibilities cllapse int facts — a
ne-way prcess. ‘Yu create time, ’ she says, ‘when yu ask what time it is. ’ (更引人注目的是， Verrucci 认为时间的方向可能来自量子测量。每次我们观察现实时，可能性都会坍缩成事实——这是一个单向的过程。‘当你问现在几点时，你就在创造时间，’她说。)”可知，Verrucci认为观察时间有助于创造时间。故选 C。
31 ．推理判断题。根据第二段中“A grundbreaking perspective was prpsed in 1983 by
scientists Page and Wtters. They prpsed that time is an illusin (幻觉) created by quantum
entanglement (纠缠). (1983 年，科学家 Page 和 Wtters 提出了一个开创性的观点。他们提出，时间是由量子纠缠产生的幻觉。)” 以及下文内容可知，文章主要探讨了时间是如何从量子纠缠中产生的，因此文章的主要目的是从量子联系的角度探索时间的起源。故选 B。
32 ．B 33 ．C 34 ．D 35 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大森林火灾危机的原因和演变，对比了原住民传统可控燃烧的有效性与现代禁火政策导致的后果，并分析了气候变化下特大火灾的恶性循环及其对全球气候的深远影响。
32 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Luis Creek Valley in British Clumbia is green with
Duglas firs, but Je Gilchrist, a fire keeper and 30-year firefighter, sees danger first. Over 100
years since burning was banned, trees have vergrwn,” he explains. “Dead trees and fallen
branches add t fuel. A majr fire is waiting.(不列颠哥伦比亚省的路易斯溪谷郁郁葱葱，遍布 花旗松，但作为火情管理员和拥有 30 年经验的消防员，Je Gilchrist 首先看到的却是危险。 “ 自禁止燃烧以来已经 100 多年了，树木已经过度生长，”他解释道。“枯树和倒下的树枝增 加了燃料。一场大火即将来临。”)”可知，Je Gilchrist 认为枯树和倒下的树枝增加了燃料，
所以路易斯溪谷存在危险。故选 B 项。
33 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Until the 1860s, the Secwepemc peple were regularly setting small fires in spring and fall. These burns cleared undergrwth safely, preventing crwn fires that jump between treetps.(直到 19 世纪 60 年代，Secwepemc 人还经常在春天和秋天放小火。这
些燃烧安全地清除了灌木丛，防止了树冠在树梢之间跳跃的火灾)”和第三段中“Lri Daniels, a prfessr f the University f British Clumbia, has matched fire scars n tree rings with native ral histry, finding evidence f the repeated lw-scale burning. One tree in Tbacc Plains
survived 52 fires, but fire-scar rings ceased in the 19th century when settlers banned traditinal
burning.(不列颠哥伦比亚大学教授 Lri Daniels将树环上的火灾疤痕与当地口述历史进行了比对，发现了反复低强度燃烧的证据。烟草平原上的一棵树经历了 52 次火灾，但火灾疤痕环在 19 世纪定居者禁止传统燃烧后就停止了)”可知，Lri Daniels 教授的研究证实了原住民的焚烧是一种曾经有效且规律进行的森林管理实践。故选 C 项。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 2023, Canadian fires burned ver 37 millin acres, releasing abut 647 millin metric tns f carbn dixide.(2023 年，加拿大大火烧毁了超过 3700 万英亩的土地，释放了大约 6.47 亿吨二氧化碳)”和“Wrse, nrthern permanent frzen sil hlds huge carbn; as glbal warming melts it, fires there can burn fr mnths, releasing carbn trapped fr
thusands f years and pushing Earth tward a climate tipping pint.(更糟糕的是，北方永久冻土层储存着大量的碳；随着全球变暖使其融化，那里的火灾可以持续数月，释放被困数千年的碳，并将地球推向气候临界点)”可知，森林是重要的碳储存库，大规模森林火灾会破坏森林，从而减少森林的碳储存能力。故选 D 项。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Over 100 years since burning was banned, trees have vergrwn,” he explains. “Dead trees and fallen branches add t fuel. A majr fire is waiting.(“ 自禁止燃烧以来已经 100 多年了，树木已经过度生长，”他解释道。“枯树和倒下的树枝增加了燃料。一场大火即将来临。”)”、第二段中“Until the 1860s, the Secwepemc peple were regularly setting small fires in spring and fall. These burns cleared undergrwth safely, preventing crwn
fires that jump between treetps.(直到 19 世纪 60 年代，Secwepemc 人还经常在春秋两季放火。这些燃烧安全地清除了林下植被，防止了树冠火灾在树梢之间跳跃)”以及最后一段中“As
expert Flannigan warns, “We’re n a dwnward path. Until we address the rt cause — ur
reliance n fssil fuels — warming and fires will wrsen. There’s n way arund it.”(正如专家
Flannigan 警告的那样，“我们正在走下坡路。除非我们解决根本原因——我们对化石燃料的依赖——否则变暖和火灾将会加剧。这是无法避免的。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了森林火灾从受控燃烧到特大火灾的演变过程，分析了背后的原因及带来的严重后果。故 C 项“Frm Cntrlled Burns t Megafires: A Frest Crisis(从受控燃烧到特大火灾：森林危机)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选 C 项。
36 ．G 37 ．A 38 ．E 39 ．C 40 ．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了“ 害群之马” 常指违背家庭期望者，会面临心理挑战，可通过拥抱个性、设界、寻同好及必要时寻求专业帮助来应对。
36 ．上文“If yu have ever felt like the dd ne ut, the misunderstd artist, r the rebel (叛逆
者) withut a cause in yur family, yu have likely wrn the “black sheep” title. The term is nt
just a catchy phrase but a lived experience fr many.(如果你曾经觉得自己是家庭中格格不入的 人、被误解的艺术家，或者没有原因的叛逆者，那么你可能已经戴上了“ 害群之马” 的帽子。这个词不仅仅是一个吸引人的短语，对许多人来说也是一种真实的生活体验)”解释了“害群 之马”这一角色的含义，G 选项“This rle is typically assigned t smene wh ges against the family’s expectatins.(这个角色通常被赋予那些违背家庭期望的人)”进一步解释了“害群之马”这一角色的特点，进而为下文讨论其心理挑战做好了概念铺垫。故选 G。
37 ．上文“Begin by embracing yur individuality. Yu need t recgnize that yur differences are nt weaknesses but strengths.(从拥抱你的个性开始。你需要认识到，你的不同不是弱点，而是优点)”建议要拥抱自己的个性，认识到自己的不同是优点，A 选项“Yur unique viewpints and chices define wh yu are.(你独特的观点和选择决定了你是谁)”承接上文，说明独特的观点和选择是构成个性的重要因素，进一步强调了拥抱个性的重要性，上下文语意连贯。故选A。
38 ．文“Setting healthy bundaries is crucial t yur relatinship. It is kay t say n, t distance yurself frm negative energy, and t chse yur wn well-being.(设定健康的界限对你的关系至关重要。说“不” 、远离负能量、选择自己的幸福都是可以的)”建议要设定健康的界限，保护自己的幸福，E 选项“This helps prtect yur mental health and strengthen yur sense f
self-wrth.(这有助于保护你的心理健康，增强你的自我价值感)”承接上文，说明设定健康界限的好处，上下文语意连贯。故选 E。
39．上文“Plus, yu’d better find a cmmunity f like-minded individuals, which can prvide great supprt. Sharing experiences in an understanding envirnment can be remarkably healing.(另外，你最好找到一个志同道合的人的团体，这可以提供很大的支持。在一个理解的环境中分享经验可以带来显著的治愈效果)”建议找到志同道合的人分享经验，C 选项“After all, there are
many flks ut there wh can relate t yur jurney.(毕竟，有很多人能理解你的经历)”承接上文，说明有很多人能理解你的经历，即能找到志同道合的人，上下文语意连贯。故选 C。
40 ．下文“Therapy prvides a safe space t explre yur feelings, understand the dynamics that
shaped yur rle within the family, and develp strategies t mve frward in a healthy way. (心理治疗提供了一个安全的空间，让你探索自己的感受，理解塑造你在家庭中角色的家庭互动模式，并制定以健康方式前进的策略)”具体阐述了心理治疗的作用和价值。F 选项“In such cases, seeking the guidance f a health prfessinal can be invaluable. (在这种情况下，寻求健康专业人士的指导可能是非常宝贵的)”作为本段首句，用“In such cases”指代上文提到的“影响强烈、超出一般支持能力” 的情况，并顺势引出解决方案——寻求专业帮助，与下文对治疗益处的具体说明形成“总起—分述” 的逻辑关系。故选 F。
41 ．C 42 ．D 43 ．A 44 ．C 45 ．B 46 ．A 47 ．B 48 ．C
49 ．D 50 ．A 51 ．B 52 ．A 53 ．B 54 ．D 55 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了护林员 Ognjen Krnetić 和当地社区为保护 Gradac河峡谷生态环境所做的努力，这对他们而言也是传承身份与家族传统的方式。
41 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他花了几十年时间确保 Gradac 河峡谷保持原样。 "A.wrks" A. wrks工作；B. frms 形成；C. stays 保持；D. stretches 伸展。根据前文“Ognjen Krnetié is a ranger (护林员) in the prtected area f the Gradac River Grge (峡谷)”和“He has spent decades making
sure”可知，Ognjen Krnetić 是护林员，所以一直在确保这片区域“保持”原来的状态。故选 C项。
42 ．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种负责任地利用自然、爱护森林和水资源的家族传统，
让 Ognjen 走上了如今的工作岗位——他要确保 Gradac河保持清澈，供他的孩子们享用。A. getting n with 与 相处；B. making use f 利用；C. keeping cntact with 与 保持联系； D. taking care f 照顾，爱护。根据前文“He grew up in a family that prtected nature”和“This
family traditin f respnsible use f nature”可推知，Ognjen Krnetié 一家在保护自然，有着“爱护”森林和水资源的传统。故选 D 项。
43 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种负责任地利用自然、爱护森林和水资源的家族传统，让 Ognjen 走上了如今的工作岗位——他要确保 Gradac河保持清澈，供他的孩子们享用。A. clean 干净的，清澈的；B. quiet 安静的；C. calm 平静的；D. clurful 多彩的。根据后文“fr his children t enjy”和文章最后“say, “Yu knw yu can drink the water straight frm the river here.””可知，这里是要确保河水保持清澈“干净” ，才能供孩子们享用。故选 A 项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：近年来，Gradac 河峡谷成了自身受欢迎的“受害者”。A. pllutin污染；B. respnsibilities 责任；C. ppularity 受欢迎，名气；D. lcatin 位置。根据后文“When
mre and mre peple began t nature escapes near cities” 可知，越来越多的人前来，说明这里变得“受欢迎” ，而这也带来了问题。故选 C 项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当越来越多的人开始在城市附近寻找自然去处时，峡谷的保护区出现了不速之客：未经许可的露营、在禁止区域生火，以及挤满游泳者的游泳点。A. avid避免； "B.seek" B. seek 寻找；C. permit 允许；D. change 改变。根据后文“nature escapes near cities”可知，人们是在“寻找”城市附近的自然去处。故选 B 项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当越来越多的人开始在城市附近寻找自然去处时，峡谷的保护区出现了不速之客：未经许可的露营、在禁止区域生火，以及挤满游泳者的游泳点。A. visitrs 游客；B. animals 动物；C. ppnents 反对者；D. victims 受害者。根据前文“When mre and mre peple began t nature escapes near cities”和后文“unauthrized camping,
fires started where it is , and swimming spts crwded with bathers”可知，这些都是前来的“游客”带来的问题。故选 A 项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当越来越多的人开始在城市附近寻找自然去处时，峡谷的保护区出现了不速之客：未经许可的露营、在禁止区域生火，以及挤满游泳者的游泳点。
A. admired 受赞赏的；B. prhibited 被禁止的；C. expected 预期的；D. ignred 被忽视的。根据前文“unauthrized camping” 以及“fires started where it is”可推知，这些人在未经许可的地方露营，在“禁止”生火的地方生火。故选 B 项。
48 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临所有这些困难，当地社区仍然致力于保持 Gradac河峡谷干净、充满生机的愿景。A. disasters 灾难；B. effrts 努力；C. difficulties 困难；D. pssibilities 可能性。根据前文提到的“unauthrized camping, fires started where it is , and swimming spts crwded with bathers”可知，这些都是当地面临的“ 困难” 。故选 C 项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临所有这些困难，当地社区仍然致力于保持 Gradac河峡谷干净、充满生机的愿景。A. addicted 上瘾的；B. ppsed 反对的； "C.expsed" C. expsed 暴露的； D. cmmitted 坚定的，致力于。根据前文“Despite”和后文“t the visin f keeping Gradac clean and lifeful. The prject “Natural Measures fr Eclgical Gradac” is part f the cmmunity’s
effrt”可知，前后文有转折关系，尽管面临诸多困难，但社区仍“致力于”保持河峡谷的愿景，并采取了实际行动；be cmmitted t 意为“致力于” 。故选 D 项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Gradac 河生态自然措施”项目是社区努力的一部分，旨在用聪明的、基于自然的解决方案应对河流面临的各种挑战。A. address 处理，应对；B. analyze分析；C. create 创造；D. recrd 记录。根据前文“The prject “Natural Measures fr Eclgical
Gradac” is part f the cmmunity’s effrt”和后文“the varius challenges the river faces with
smart, nature-based slutins”可知，Gradac 河生态自然措施项目是为了“应对”挑战。故选 A项。
51 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于 Ognjen Krnetić 和住在 Gradac 河附近的当地居民来说，这些措施中的每一项都不仅仅是典型的自然保护——这是一种保存他们身份和家族传统一 部分的方式。A. challenges 挑战；B. measures 措施；C. traditins 传统；D. barriers 障碍。根据前文“The prject “Natural Measures fr Eclgical Gradac” is part f the cmmunity’s effrt” 和“with smart, nature-based slutins”可知，这里指这些保护“措施” 。故选 B 项。
52 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于 Ognjen Krnetić 和住在 Gradac 河附近的当地居民来说，这些措施中的每一项都不仅仅是典型的自然保护——这是一种保存他们身份和家族传统一 部分的方式。A. preserve 保存，保留；B. illustrate 说明；C. integrate 整合；D. adapt 适应。
根据后文“a part f their identity and family traditin”可知，这些措施也是“保存”身份和家族传统的方式。故选 A 项。
53 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是一个机会，让如今沿着 Gradac河岸边奔跑的孩子们，将来能带着自己的孩子来到同一条河，在同样的柳树下， 自豪地说：“你知道吗，这里的河水可以直接喝。”A. rutine 常规；B. pprtunity 机会；C. alternative 选择；D. way 方式。根据后文“fr the children wh run alng the shres f Gradac tday t bring their wn t the same river tmrrw”可知，这是给今天的孩子们的一个传承的“机会” ，让他们以后能带 着自己的孩子来到同一条河。故选 B 项。
54 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是一个机会，让如今沿着 Gradac河岸边奔跑的孩子们，将来能带着自己的孩子来到同一条河，在同样的柳树下， 自豪地说：“你知道吗，这里的河水可以直接喝。”A. wrkmates 同事；B. parents 父母；C. friends 朋友；D. children 孩子。根据前文“bring their wn”可知，这里指今天的孩子们长大后带着自己的“孩子”来。故选 D 项。
55 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这也是一个机会，让如今沿着 Gradac河岸边奔跑的孩子们，将来能带着自己的孩子来到同一条河，在同样的柳树下， 自豪地说：“你知道吗，这里的河水可以直接喝。”A. willingly 愿意地；B. gently 温柔地；C. prudly 自豪地；D. simply 简单 地。根据前文“say, “Yu knw yu can drink the water straight frm the river here.””可知，能拥有这样干净的河水，值得在自己孩子面前“ 自豪地”炫耀。故选 C 项。
56 ．happened 57 ．but 58 ．t enable 59 ．a 60 ．shrtly 61 ．fr
62 ．Earth’s 63 ．expansin 64 ．making 65 ．is determined
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了天文学家通过研究其他星系来了解银河系的形成过程，以及观测遥远星系时涉及的光传播原理和宇宙膨胀现象。
56．考查动词时态。句意：银河系形成于约 135 亿年前，但我们无法回到过去确切观察它是如何形成的。句中“frmed arund 13.5 billin years ag” 明确表示过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，动词 happen 的过去式为 happened 。故填 happened。
57．考查连词。句意：对银河系古老恒星的研究和模拟提供了一些线索，但我们所在星系的可观测光发出得太近，天文学家无法直接研究它的起源。前文“ffer sme clues”与后文“the bservable emitted t recently”存在转折关系，故填并列连词 but 。故填 but。
58 ．考查固定搭配。句意：同上。“t ... t d sth.”是固定结构，意为“太 而不能做某事” ，因此此处填 enable 的不定式形式 t enable 。故填 t enable。
59 ．考查冠词。句意：莫拉利用詹姆斯 ・ 韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）的观测数据，研究了一个质量与银河系在宇宙早期形成后不久预期质量相符的遥远星系。“investigate”后接具体的研究对象，distant galaxy 是单数可数名词，且表泛指，需用不定冠词 a 。故填 a。
60 ．考查副词。句意：同上。此处修饰动词短语“after its frmatin” ，需用 shrt 的副词形式shrtly ，“shrtly after”表示“在 之后不久” 。故填 shrtly。
61．考查介词。句意：当天文学家观测遥远星系时，他们看到的是数十亿年前发出的光，因为光需要花费时间穿越浩瀚太空到达望远镜。“it takes time fr sth. t d sth.”是固定句型，意为“某物花费时间做某事” ，因此此处填介词 fr 。故填 fr。
62．考查名词所有格。句意：从这些遥远星系到地球的距离是已知的，因此它们发出的光的时间长度可以被测量，这要归功于宇宙的持续膨胀。此处表示“地球的距离” ，需用名词所有格形式 Earth’s 修饰名词 distance ，置于句首时，首字母要大写。故填 Earth’s。
63 ．考查名词。句意：同上。空格前为形容词 cnstant ，且“the cnstant + 名词”构成名词短语，故需填 expand 的名词形式 expansin ，表抽象“膨胀” ，不可数。故填 expansin。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：当光穿越浩瀚太空时，其波长会随着太空的膨胀而拉伸，使其发出时的颜色看起来更红。is stretched 作主句谓语，make 应用非谓语形式作结果状语，逻辑主语为前面整个句子，与 make 为主动关系，需用现在分词形式 making 。故填 making。
65 ．考查时态和语态。句意：而波长的变化取决于光传播的距离以及光发出时宇宙的年龄。主语“the change in the wavelength”与动词 determine 之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，需用
一般现在时的被动语态，determine 的过去分词形式为 determined，主语为单数，因此此处填is determined。故填 is determined。
66 ．例文
Labr Shapes Us
Gd mrning, friends. It’s my hnr t share my vluntary experience in ur schl canteen last week.
I assisted the staff by srting vegetables, washing dishes and wiping tables neatly befre meals. Thugh the repetitive wrk exhausted me at first, seeing the tidy canteen filled me with a strng sense f achievement. During the wrk, I witnessed the chefs’ sweat and hard wrk. They silently prvide delicius meals fr us daily, making me realize labr is never minr. It cnnects peple, sustains ur life, and teaches me t cherish fd and respect every wrker.
This experience deeply shaped me. Labr exercises ur bdies and fsters gratitude and respnsibility. Let’s actively participate in labr, value its fruits, and becme respnsible
individuals. Thank yu!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生围绕“Labr Shapes Us”主题，结合上周校园食堂帮厨的劳动实践，撰写演讲稿，内容包括具体劳动过程和个人劳动感悟。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
荣幸：hnr → privilege
成就：achievement → accmplishment
美味的：delicius → tasty
珍惜：cherish → treasure
2. 句式拓展同义句转换
原句：It’s my hnr t share my vluntary experience in ur schl canteen last week.
拓展句：I’m hnred t share my vluntary experience in ur schl canteen last week.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】Thugh the repetitive wrk exhausted me at first, seeing the tidy canteen filled me with a strng sense f achievement.(运用了thugh 引导的让步状语从句及现在分词作状语)
【高分句型 2】They silently prvide delicius meals fr us daily, making me realize labr is never minr.(运用了现在分词短语作状语)
67 ．One pssible versin:
Shrtly after, the plice arrived. They gently lifted the shivering, tearful by frm Ed’s
arms, his little hands still clutching Ed’s jacket. The plice asked fr detailed infrmatin abut
the rescue, and Ed tld them everything he had seen and dne. Thanks t the timely call, the
plice quickly cntacted the by’s parents, wh were still anxiusly searching fr their child. The parents rushed ver right away, tears f relief streaming dwn their faces as they hugged their sn tightly. They thanked Ed repeatedly, but he just smiled and said it was what anyne wuld d.
Ten days later, Ed accepted the invitatin t the by’s hme fr dinner. The mment he
stepped in, the little by ran up t him and gave him a big hug, hlding a handmade thank-yu
card. Delicius hmemade dishes were laid ut acrss the table, giving ff inviting arma. During the meal, the parents shared hw they had been haunted by guilt, adding that the by’s grandpa
had recvered well after treatment. They were s grateful fr Ed’s kindness. Ed said it was just a
small detur that changed everything, and he felt happy t have helped the little by stay safe.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了卡车司机埃德·科尔曼在一个雨天的早晨，偶然发现一个站在马路隔离带上的三岁男孩，男孩因祖父突发疾病被父母匆忙送医时被遗忘在家，独自出门寻找父母而迷路。埃德和另一位目击者立即报警，并采取措施让男孩保持温暖和镇静，最终男孩获救的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不久之后，警察赶到了。”可知，第一段可描写警察到达后的情况，包括他们如何接走男孩、联系其父母，以及父母赶到后与男孩团聚并向埃德致谢的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“十天后，埃德接受了邀请，前往男孩家共进晚餐。”可知，第二段可描写十天后埃德受邀到男孩家吃饭的情景，包括男孩的热情拥抱、家中的温馨氛围、用餐时父母的感激之情，以及埃德对自己行为的谦逊回应。
2.续写线索：抱起——联系男孩父母——父母赶到——感谢——拥抱——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①抱起：lift/scp up
②联系：cntact/get in tuch with
③拥抱：give sb. a big hug/embrace sb.
情绪类
①焦急地：anxiusly/fretfully
②感激的：grateful/thankful
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Thanks t the timely call, the plice quickly cntacted the by’s parents, wh were still anxiusly searching fr their child. (由 wh 引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型 2] During the meal, the parents shared hw they had been haunted by guilt, adding that the by’s grandpa had recvered well after treatment. (由 hw 引导的宾语从句，现在分词 adding作状语和 that 引导的宾语从句)