高考英语·二轮复习专题突破 专题12：短文改错之动词错误练习+含答案

这是一份高考英语·二轮复习专题突破 专题12：短文改错之动词错误练习+含答案，共9页。
核【核心知识·深度解读】
短文改错中动词错误占比最高，涉及时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、情态动词及虚拟语气。近年命题强调在真实语篇中考查动词的准确运用，融入科技、环保、文化等热点话题。本专题包含15道单句动词改错、10道语境动词改错（词句题型）及3篇短文改错篇章，全面覆盖动词考点。
核心知识·动词错误高频类型
二轮策略： 动词改错需“三看”——看时间状语定谓语时态，看主谓关系定单复数，看主动被动定语态。非谓语动词重点掌握不定式、动名词、分词在句中的功能。
词汇练习题 · 单句动词改错（每题一处错误）
Instructins: 下列每句中有一处动词错误（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语等），请找出并改正。(每题1分，共15分)
1. The number f students in the club have increased significantly this year.
2. By the time we arrived, the lecture has already started.
3. The ld man insisted that he had seen the accident happen.
4. Many new huses are building alng the river at present.
5. She devted her whle life t help the pr children.
6. If I was yu, I wuld accept the ffer withut hesitatin.
7. The bks brrwed frm the library requires t be returned by Friday.
8. Nt nly the students but als the teacher are excited abut the field trip.
9. He suggested that we went t the museum instead f the cinema.
10. The prblem is difficult t be slved in such a shrt time.
11. Having been warned abut the danger, he still insisted t g alne.
12. The audience was clapping their hands when the singer appeared.
13. I wuld rather yu cme tmrrw than tday.
14. The film is wrth t see twice.
15. It is high time that we take actin t prtect the envirnment.
词句题型 · 语境动词改错（每句一处动词错误）
Instructins: 下列句子中各有一处动词形式错误，请找出并改正。(每空1.5分，共15分)
1. After graduating frm university, he went t a remte village, where he spends five years teaching children.
2. The cmmittee have reached a decisin that will affect all emplyees.
3. The bk, which has been translated int 20 languages, sell well wrldwide.
4. I appreciate yu t give me such valuable advice.
5. The building was damaged in the earthquake, but it will be rebuild sn.
6. She culdn't help but laugh when she saw the funny scene.
7. The manager asked that the reprt was finished by Friday.
8. Having finished his hmewrk, the TV was turned n by him.
9. This kind f flwers need watering every three days.
10. He was made wrk vertime t meet the deadline.
阅读题型 · 短文改错（三篇原创 · 动词专练）
要求： 每篇短文中共有10处错误（其中至少5处为动词错误），每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
Passage 1 · 科技志愿者经历
Last summer, I vlunteer at a lcal cmmunity center t teach elderly peple hw t use smartphnes. The experience was bth challenging and reward. At first, many f the elderly felt frustrating because they culdn’t remember the steps. I patiently shw them again and again until they get it. One day, an ld lady tld me that she had finally managed t vide call her grandsn, wh live abrad. She was s happy that tears rll dwn her cheeks. I realize then that technlgy culd bridge distance and bring peple clse. This experience taught me that patience and empathy is mre imprtant than technical skills. I am grateful fr this pprtunity, which has deeply affect my view n scial respnsibility.
Passage 2 · 传统手工艺传承
My grandfather is a craftsman wh have been making bamb prducts fr ver 50 years. He used t say that bamb is nt nly a material but als a friend. When I was little, I ften watched him wrks in his wrkshp. His hands mved swift, weaving bamb strips int beautiful baskets. Last year, he invite me t learn the craft. At first, I fund it extreme difficult. My fingers were hurt by the sharp strips. I wanted t give up, but my grandfather encuraged me t keep try. He said, “Patience is the key.” Nw I am prud t say that I have mastered basic skills. This experience has taught me the value f preserving traditin while als embrace innvatin.
Passage 3 · 绿色出行倡议
Our schl has launch a campaign t prmte green cmmuting. Students are encurage t walk, bike, r take public transprt instead f using private cars. Since the campaign started, the number f students cycling t schl have increased greatly. The air arund ur schl is becme cleaner, and traffic jams has been reduced. Hwever, sme students still chse t be driven by their parents. I think they shuld cnsider the benefit f green travel. Nt nly des it help prtect the envirnment, but it als keep us healthy. I hpe mre students will jin us and make green travel a habit. Let’s wrk tgether t create a greener future!
参考答案与核心解析
词汇练习题
1. have → has (主语the number f ... 谓语用单数)
2. has → had (by the time +过去时，主句过去完成)
3. 无错 (insist that +陈述语气，此句正确)
4. building → being built (被动进行)
5. help → helping (devte ... t ding)
6. was → were (与现在事实相反虚拟语气)
7. requires → require (主语bks复数)
8. are → is (nt als 谓语就近原则)
9. went → g (suggest 后宾语从句用shuld+动词原形，shuld可省略)
10. t be slved → t slve (be difficult t d 主动表被动)
11. t g → n ging (insist n ding)
12. was → were (audience 集体名词，强调个体时用复数)
13. cme → came (wuld rather + 从句用一般过去时表将来)
14. t see → seeing (be wrth ding)
15. take → tk (It is high time that 从句用过去式或shuld d)
词句题型
1. spends → spent (与went时态一致)
2. have → has (cmmittee作为整体用单数)
3. sell → sells (主语the bk单数)
4. t give → giving (appreciate ding)
5. rebuild → rebuilt (被动结构 be rebuilt)
6. laugh → laughing (culdn't help laughing 情不自禁做某事)
7. was → be (ask that 从句用shuld+动词原形)
8. the TV was turned n → he turned n the TV (悬垂分词，逻辑主语不一致)
9. need → needs (this kind f flwers 作主语，谓语单数)
10. wrk → t wrk (make sb d → sb be made t d)
阅读题型
Passage 1 答案：
1. vlunteer → vlunteered (时态)
2. reward → rewarding (形容词作表语)
3. frustrating → frustrated (人感到沮丧)
4. shw → shwed (时态)
5. get → gt (时态)
6. live → lived (定语从句时态)
7. rll → rlled (时态)
8. realize → realized (时态)
9. is → are (patience and empathy 复数主语)
10. affect → affected (完成时结构 has affected)
Passage 2 答案：
1. have → has (主语my grandfather三单)
2. wrks → wrk (watch sb d sth)
3. swift → swiftly (副词修饰动词)
4. invite → invited (时态)
5. extreme → extremely (副词修饰形容词)
6. 删掉were (主动语态，my fingers hurt)
7. try → trying (keep ding)
8. 正确
9. mastered → mastered (拼写正确，此句无错，若需增加：第10处)
10. embrace → embracing (介词while后接动名词) (注：共10处，此处列出关键错误)
Passage 3 答案：
1. launch → launched (现在完成时)
2. encurage → encuraged (被动语态 are encuraged)
3. have → has (主语the number 单数)
4. becme → becming (is becming 进行时表逐渐变化)
5. has → have (traffic jams 复数主语)
6. chse → chse (一般现在时)
7. benefit → benefits (名词复数或不可数，语境用benefits)
8. keep → keeps (it 作主语，三单)
9. 正确
10. 正确错误类型
典型错误
正确形式
2026热考示例
时态误用
Last week, he ges t Beijing.
went
时间状语与主句时态不一致
语态误用
The bridge built in 2020.
was built
被动结构缺be动词
主谓不一致
The team are wrking hard.
is
集体名词作整体时用单数
非谓语动词误用
I lk frward t see yu.
seeing
介词后动名词
情态动词误用
Yu mustn't finish it tday.
needn't
情态动词表意错误
虚拟语气误用
I wish I am taller.
were
wish后的虚拟语气