广东省湛江市第二十一中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份广东省湛江市第二十一中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4，共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， C 9等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：120分钟，满分：120分
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Xi'an enjys a reputatins as a “Living Histry Museum” due t its rich, diverse cllectin f histrical and cultural treasures. Apart frm the Terractta Warrirs, there are als sme ther attractins in the city. Here are sme f them.
Ancient City Wall
Xi'an City Wall was built in the 14th century in the Ming Dynasty as a military defense system. Nw it is ne f the ldest and best preserved Chinese city walls. The wall is nw a landmark, dividing the city int inner and uter areas.
Giant Wild Gse Pagda （塔）
Situated in an ancient temple, the pagda built with layers f bricks was built in the Tang Dynasty. It is traditinal Chinese architecture. One f the main functins f the pagda was t stre Buddhist scriptures（经文） and figurines brught t China frm India by the famus mnk and traveler Xuan Zang, wh stayed here fr 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.
Shaanxi Histry Museum
The Shaanxi Histry Museum, built in 1991，is hme t ver 370,000 precius relics unearthed in Shaanxi ver the years, The museum cnsists f three main sectins. Its cllectins range frm brnze ware（器皿）t pttery ware, gld and silver ware and mural paintings frm the Tang Dynasty tmbs.
The Muslim Quarter
One f the highlights is its lcal snacks when yu tur Xian. The best fd destinatin is the Muslim Quarter，which has a histry f several hundred years. Cnsisting f a number f fd streets, the area has becme a famus attractin in the city fr its rich and authentic Muslim cultural atmsphere.
1. In which place can yu knw mre abut Buddhism?
A. Ancient City Wall.
B. Giant Wild Gse Pagda.
C. Shaanxi Histry Museum.
D. The Muslim Quarter.
2. What can yu d when yu visit the Muslim Quarter?
A. Create sme brnze wares.
B. Eat diverse delicius snacks.
C. Visit sme watchtwers.
D. Translate Buddhist scriptures.
3. What d yu knw frm the text?
A. The Shaanxi Histry Museum has exhibits made f gld.
B. Xuan Zang died in the Giant Wild Gse Pagda.
C. The Xi'an City Wallis the ldest Chinese city wall.
D. The Muslim Quarter has a histry f 100 years.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个西安的旅游胜地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Giant Wild Gse Pagda部分“One f the main functins f the pagda was t stre Buddhist scriptures（经文） and figurines brught t China frm India by the famus mnk and traveler Xuan Zang, wh stayed here fr 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.(这是中国传统建筑。这座宝塔的主要功能之一是储存著名僧侣和旅行家玄奘从印度带到中国的佛经和雕像，玄奘在这里翻译佛经达19年之久。)”可知，在Giant Wild Gse Pagda(大雁塔)你可以对佛教了解得更多。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“One f the highlights is its lcal snacks when yu tur Xian. The best fd destinatin is the Muslim Quarter，which has a histry f several hundred years. Cnsisting f a number f fd streets, the area has becme a famus attractin in the city fr its rich and authentic Muslim cultural atmsphere.(其中一个亮点是游览西安时当地的小吃。最好的食物目的地是有几百年历史的穆斯林区。该地区由多条美食街组成，以其丰富而真实的穆斯林文化氛围而成为该市著名的景点。)”可知，在那你可以品尝各式各样美味的小吃。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shaanxi Histry Museum部分的最后一句“Its cllectins range frm brnze ware（器皿）t pttery ware, gld and silver ware and mural paintings frm the Tang Dynasty tmbs.(其收藏范围从青铜器到陶器、金银器和唐代墓葬壁画。)”可知陕西历史博物馆有黄金制成的展品。。故选A。
B
Lakshmi grew up in India in the first half f the twentieth century, seeing many peple arund her wh did nt get enugh fd, were ften sick and died yung.
In the 1960s, she was asked t help manage a prgram t imprve nutritin in her cuntry. At that time, mst advice n nutritin came frm Nrth American and Eurpean cuntries. Nutritinists suggested fds that were cmmn and wrked well fr peple wh lived in these natins.
Fr example, they tld pr Indian wmen t eat mre meat and eggs and drink mre range juice. But Lakshmi knew this advice was useless in a cuntry such as India. Peple there didn't eat such fds. They weren't easy t find. And fr the pr, such fds were t expensive.Lakshmi knew that fr the prgram t wrk, it had t fit Indian culture. S she decided t adjust the nutritin prgram. She first fund ut what healthy middle class peple in India ate. She tk nte f the nutrients (营养物)available in thse fds. Then she lked fr cheap, easy-t-find fds that wuld prvide the same nutrients.
She created a balanced diet f lcally grwn fruits, vegetables, and grains. These fds were cheap and culd be cked with simple equipment. Her ideas were thught unusual in the 1960s. Fr example, she insisted that a diet withut meat culd prvide all majr nutrients. Nw we knw she was right. But it tk her cntinuus effrts t get thers t finally accept her diet abut 50 years ag. Because f Lakshmi's prgram, Indian children almst dubled their fd intake. And many children wh wuld have been hungry and ill grew healthy and strng.
4. Why did Lakshmi think Eurpean nutritinists' advice was useless?
A. It wrked well fr Eurpean peple.
B. It suggested t many fds fr Indians.
C. It was nt practical in India that time.
D. It included fds that didn't exist in India.
5. Lakshmi studied healthy middle class peple's diet in rder t .
A. find ut nutrients in their fd
B. learn abut Indian culture
C. knw abut their eating habits
D. write a reprt n fd nutrients
6. Lakshmi's balanced diet was cnsidered unusual because peple thught _________.
A. Athse fds were t cheap
B. it shuld include sme meat
C. it prvided all majr nutrients
D. it enabled kids t grw healthy
7. What can we infer abut Lakshmi?
A. She came frm a rich family.B. She disliked middle class peple.
C. She wrked with Eurpean nutritinists.D. She was a determined scientist.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】拉克希米负责一个改善印度人饮食营养的项目，她没有照搬西方人的建议，而是调整了她的营养计划，来适应印度人的实际情况。经过不断的努力，她的做法才逐步被人们接收，并被认为是正确的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的useless在文章寻找信息，结合第三段的But Lakshmi knew this advice was useless in a cuntry such as India. Peple there didn't eat such fds. They weren't easy t find. And fr the pr, such fds were t expensive.可知，欧洲营养学家们的建议在当时的印度是不合实际的。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句Then she lked fr cheap, easy-t-find fds that wuld prvide the same nutrients.可知，拉克希米之所以研究印度健康中产阶级的饮食，为的是发现便宜的，易找到的能提供相同营养的食品。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的Fr example, she insisted that a diet withut meat culd prvide all majr nutrients. Nw we knw she was right.可知，拉克希米经过研究发现，不含肉的饮食也能提供所有主要的营养。这观点当时却不为人所接受，但现在证实她是正确的。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的But it tk her cntinuus effrts t get thers t finally accept her diet abut 50 years ag.可知，拉克希米是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
【点睛】阅读理解所设试题主要考查细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题干和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。考生首先要浏览短文后的小题题干，标出关键词（组），带着问题去阅读，能够做到心中有数，目的明确；然后再仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握细节信息，并标出能得出答案的有效信息。如第1小题“Why did Lakshmi think Eurpean nutritinists, advice was useless?
…”，题干要求回答为什么Lakshmi认为欧洲营养学家的建议没有用，题干关键词为advice was useless，那么我们在第三段中的But Lakshmi knew this advice was useless in a cuntry such as India. Peple there didn't eat such fds. They weren't easy t find. And fr the pr, such fds were t expensive.能找到对应点，于是我们知道了，可知，欧洲营养学家们的建议在当时的印度是不合实际的。于是我们在文章中标识出这一句话，并标上第1小题的题号。在这里提醒同学们，在做阅读理解题时，一定要细心，这样才能准确找到正确答案。
C
The first step in writing any pem is cming up with smething t write abut. T d that, yu dn’t have t chse deep r attractive material. Anything can be the tpic fr a pem. Great pems have been written abut such tpics as a gas statin r pieces f brken glass n the beach.
It’s easiest t write a gd pem abut smething yu knw well, that yu have experienced first-hand, r that yu have nearby s that yu can bserve it carefully. This is because what makes the pem deep and interesting will be the hidden details r qualities yu discver r the things that remind yu f the unique view.
In his bk Petry in the Making, the pet Ted Hughes talks abut hw t write a pem abut an animal. “The key,” he says, “is t cncentrate hard enugh n the animal, t chse the wrds that best catch the animal yu have in yur mind.” Yu can use this apprach with any pems.
In the beginning, yu dn’t have t wrry abut the “style” r writing in a “petic” way that means being filled with rhythm and beauty. In fact, if yu start t think abut being petic, it can puzzle yu frm what yu’re actually writing abut and hurt yur pem. Have yu ever tried t have a cnversatin with smene wh was trying t impress yu? Then yu knw hw bring this can be. The persn is really thinking abut himself r herself, nt abut the cnversatin. Similarly, if yu are wrrying abut what impressin yur pem will make, then that takes yur attentin away frm the tpic f yur pem.
In a wrd, if the pem is abut yu r yur life, try t take the angle f a careful reprter when yu write it dwn. Yu shuld fcus n accurately cmmunicating an aspect f yur experience instead f fcusing n what impressin yu are making when yu d it.
8 What will be an easy tpic fr writing a gd pem?
A. Smething beautiful.
B. Smething interesting.
C. Smething yu knw well.
D. Smething thers have experienced befre.
9. What can we infer abut Ted Hughes’ pinin n writing a pem?
A. It is necessary t select the wrds.
B. It is imprtant t chse a gd tpic.
C. It is necessary t fcus n the style f the pem.
D. It is difficult t write a pem abut animals.
10. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. The impressin f a gd pem.
B. The influence n creating a pem.
C. The imprtance f selecting material.
D. The cnclusin n methds f writing pems.
11. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. A pem is abut ne’s experience
B. Hw t recrd yur life by pems
C. Hw t write a pem
D. A pem is abut life
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了写诗的方法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s easiest t write a gd pem abut smething yu knw well, that yu have experienced first-hand, r that yu have nearby s that yu can bserve it carefully.(写一首好诗最简单的方法是写你熟悉的事物，写你亲身经历的事物，或者写你身边的事物，这样你就能仔细观察它。)”可知一些你很熟悉的东西会是写一首好诗的简单话题，故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““The key,” he says, “is t cncentrate hard enugh n the animal, t chse the wrds that best catch the animal yu have in yur mind.” Yu can use this apprach with any pems.(“关键在于，”他说，“要足够专注地观察动物，选择最能捕捉你脑海中动物形象的词语。”你可以用这种方法来写任何诗。)”可知我们可以从Ted Hughes对写诗的看法中推断出选择词语是必要的，故选A项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“In a wrd, if the pem is abut yu r yur life, try t take the angle f a careful reprter when yu write it dwn. Yu shuld fcus n accurately cmmunicating an aspect f yur experience instead f fcusing n what impressin yu are making when yu d it.(总之，如果这首诗是关于你或你的生活，那么在写的时候，试着从一位细心的记者的角度出发。你应该专注于准确地传达你的经历的一个方面，而不是专注于你在做这件事时给人留下的印象。)”可知文章最后一段主要总结了诗歌创作的方法，故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“The first step in writing any pem is cming up with smething t write abut.(写任何一首诗的第一步都是找到要写的东西。)”可知文章第一段指出了写诗的第一步是选材，第二段至第四段集中从选材，词汇选择及风格几个方面提出建议，最后一段总结了诗歌创作的方法，纵观全文，文章自始至终一直在围绕着如何写诗来展开，所以C项Hw t write a pem(如何写诗)作为文章标题最为合适，故选C项。
D
Scientists have lng knwn that plastics are damaging the ceans. Hwever, they were nt sure where all the plastic waste came frm. A new study shws that much f it is flating in the air.
A team f scientists frm the United States and Denmark recently published their findings. They discvered that small pieces f plastic, called micrplastics, are flating in the air all ver the wrld. These tiny plastic particles (颗粒) are s small that they can be breathed in by humans.
The researchers cllected air samples frm 11 lcatins arund the wrld. They used special equipment t filter (过滤) the air and cllect the micrplastics. They fund an average f 1,000 pieces f micrplastics per cubic meter f air. In sme places, the number was even higher.
The surces f these micrplastics are nt cmpletely clear. But the researchers believe that they cme frm a variety f surces, including plastic bags, bttles, and synthetic (合成的) clthing. When these plastics break dwn, they release small particles int the air.
The presence f micrplastics in the air is a cncern because they can be harmful t human health. When peple breathe in these particles, they can cause prblems in the lungs and ther rgans. The researchers als said that micrplastics in the air can be carried lng distances by the wind. This means that they can spread t areas where there is little r n plastic prductin.
12. What did the new study find?
A. There is mre plastic waste in the air than in the cean.
B. Micrplastics are flating in the air all ver the wrld.
C. The surces f plastic waste are clear.
D. Micrplastics are t big t be breathed in by humans.
13. Hw did the researchers cllect air samples?
A. By using special equipment.
B. By using plastic bags.
C. By using bttles.
D. By using synthetic clthing.
14. What is the main cncern abut micrplastics in the air?
A. They can cause air pllutin.
B. They can be carried lng distances by the wind.
C. They can be harmful t human health.
D. They can spread t areas with n plastic prductin.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. The Damage f Plastics t the Oceans
B. The Surces f Plastic Waste
C. Micrplastics in the Air
D. The Effects f Micrplastics n Human Health
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了美国和丹麦科学家的新研结果表明，空气中漂浮着大量的微塑料，这些微塑料来自各种塑料，而且这些微塑料的传播范围会随着风的传播而扩大。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They discvered that small pieces f plastic, called micrplastics, are flating in the air all ver the wrld.(他们发现，被称为微塑料的小塑料碎片漂浮在世界各地的空气中。)”可知新研究发现了世界各地的空气中漂浮着微塑料，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They used special equipment t filter (过滤) the air and cllect the micrplastics. (他们使用特殊设备过滤空气并收集微塑料。)”可知研究人员使用特殊设备来采集样品，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The presence f micrplastics in the air is a cncern because they can be harmful t human health. When peple breathe in these particles, they can cause prblems in the lungs and ther rgans. (空气中微塑料的存在令人担忧，因为它们可能对人体健康有害。当人们吸入这些颗粒时，它们会导致肺部和其他器官出现问题。)”可以推断出，对空气中的微塑料最大的担忧是它们对人们的健康有害，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段“Scientists have lng knwn that plastics are damaging the ceans. Hwever, they were nt sure where all the plastic waste came frm. A new study shws that much f it is flating in the air.(科学家们早就知道塑料正在破坏海洋。然而，他们不确定所有的塑料垃圾来自哪里。一项新的研究表明，其中大部分都漂浮在空气中。)”指出研究表明塑料垃圾大部分都漂浮在空气中，文章第二、三段主要讲的是研究过程及发现，文章第四段讲的是微塑料的来源，最后一段讲的是微塑料对于人类健康及空气的危害，纵观全文可知本文主要围绕着对于人类健康及空气带来危害的空气中的微塑料来展开，所以C选项Micrplastics in the Air (空气中的微塑料染)作为文章标题最为合适，故选C。
第二节(共5 小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ding smething challenging takes curage, cmmitment and willpwer. ___16___ ! Whether it’s finding yur dream jb, learning a new skill r starting a new wellness rutine, yu’ll grw and learn alng the way. S, step utside f yur cmfrt zne and face the challenge. Yu’ll learn lessns that can transfrm yur life.
It builds yur resilience (适应力).
When yu face smething difficult, yu can build yur resilience. Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that yu’re brn with. ___17___ The key: set small, attainable gals that push yu a little utside f yur cmfrt zne but still within reach. Yu’ll gradually see prgress and maintain mtivatin as yu wrk tward self-imprvement.
___18___ .
Yu may nt realize hw incredible yu are until yu vercme smething difficult. Dealing with a challenge shws yur strengths, maybe sme yu didn’t even knw that yu had! This self-awareness helps develp a sense f purpse. It als helps imprve perfrmance and leads t better decisin-making.
It teaches yu self-cnfidence.
Cmpleting a challenge shws yu d have the capability t succeed. In ther wrds, when things get difficult, yu have the strength t cntinue frward, giving yu a newfund sense f self-wrth. ___19___ .
It helps yu learn new skills.
If yu want t imprve yur fitness, yu challenge yur bdy t becme strnger, right? ___20___ ! Challenging yurself helps yu learn new skills that yu imprve ver time with cmmitment and practice. S find a gal that yu feel crazy abut. Yu’ll expand yur mind as yu learn new infrmatin and experience new situatins.
A. But it’s well wrth it
B. It develps self-awareness
C. It helps yu manage stress
D. Yu can als train yurself t becme resilient
E. That same apprach applies t just abut anything
F. Yu’ll experience a bad meal in an unfamiliar place
G. Yu’ll carry that cnfidence as yu face future challenges
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做具有挑战性的事情的好处。
16题详解】
根据空前“Ding smething challenging takes curage, cmmitment and willpwer.(做一些具有挑战性的事情需要勇气，承诺和意志力)”及空后“Whether it’s finding yur dream jb, learning a new skill r starting a new wellness rutine, yu’ll grw and learn alng the way.(无论是找到你梦想中的工作，学习一项新技能，还是开始一项新的健康计划，你都会在这个过程中成长和学习)”可知，上文指出做一些具有挑战性的事情的困难之处，下文提到这样做的好处。由此推知，虽然做一些具有挑战性的事情有困难，但是它是值得的，会带来好处，A项“但是这很值得”符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that yu’re bn with.(适应力不只是你与生俱来的一种固定品质)”及空后“The key: set small, attainable gals that push yu a little utside f yur cmfrt zne but still within reach.(关键是：设定小的、可实现的目标，让你稍微走出舒适区，但仍在力所能及的范围内)”可知，上文指出适应力不是与生俱来的，下文提出具体的练习方法。由此推知，空处是说适应力是可以通过练习培养出来的，D项“你也可通过训练让自己有适应力”符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Yu may nt realize hw incredible yu are until yu vercme smething difficult. Dealing with a challenge shws yur strengths, maybe sme yu didn’t even knw that yu had! This self-awareness helps develp a sense f purpse. It als helps imprve perfrmance and leads t better decisin-making.(直到你克服了困难，你才会意识到自己是多么的不可思议。应对挑战能显示出你的优势，也许有些是你自己都不知道的！这种自我意识有助于培养目标感。它还有助于提高绩效并导致更好的决策)”可知，本段是关于自我意识，B项“培养自我意识”适合作本段小标题。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“It teaches yu self-cnfidence.(它教会你自信)”及空前“In ther wrds, when things get difficult, yu have the strength t cntinue frward, giving yu a newfund sense f self-wrth.(换句话说，当事情变得困难时，你有继续前进的力量，给你一种新的自我价值感)”可知，完成挑战会给你带来自信，G项“你会带着这种信心去面对未来的挑战”承接上文，符合语境，G项中“that cnfidence”呼应小标题中“self-cnfidence”，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据空前“If yu want t imprve yur fitness, yu challenge yur bdy t becme strnger, right?(如果你想改善你的健康状况，你挑战你的身体让它变得更强壮，对吗？)”及空后“Challenging yurself helps yu learn new skills that yu imprve ver time with cmmitment and practice.(挑战自己可以帮助你学习新的技能，随着时间的推移，你可以通过承诺和实践来提高这些技能)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，由挑战身体变得更加健康过渡到挑战自身学习新技能，E项“同样的方法几乎适用于任何事情”符合语境。故选E。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Since I am a high schl student, I already have a persnal breath-taking experience — my first ____21____ t the muntains. Befre my trip, I used t be a hmebdy. I felt cmpletely ____22____ abut spending time in my hmetwn withut ging anywhere.
One day, David, my best friend ____23____ t persuade me t jin him in his jurney t the Rcky Muntains. This was my first time in the muntains, s I was turning my head in all directins.____24____ , the weather was fggy all the time, and the ____25____ we climbed nt the muntains, the wrse the ____26____ was. In the first day we were making ur way alng the fthills; hwever, the next day we started t climb n ne f the ____27____ .
When we finally gt t the tp, nthing had really ____28____ . The same fg was ____29____ everything arund us, which made me _____30_____ because I cunted n seeing the view frm abve and perhaps being able t take sme _____31_____ . But just when we decided t turn back, the sun suddenly _____32_____ the cluds and the peaks became _____33_____ instantly.
With all thse muntain ridges, cliffs, and edges beneath me, I culdn’t believe my _____34_____ . At that mment I realized that I wn’t be able t live a life withut visiting the muntains at least twice a year. I wuld always _____35_____ the feeling f being high abve, with my head tuching the skies and the cluds swimming belw.
21. A. flightB. studyC. pininD. hike
22. A. sadB. cmfrtableC. tiredD. curius
23. A. managedB. decidedC. refusedD. frgt
24. A. GraduallyB. DefinitelyC. UnfrtunatelyD. Abslutely
25. A. deeperB. clserC. betterD. higher
26. A. sceneryB. visibilityC. skyD. air
27. A. stepsB. peaksC. treesD. temples
28. A. changedB. disappearedC. narrwedD. reserved
29. A. decratingB. sweepingC. cveringD. invlving
30. A. excitedB. wrriedC. frightenedD. disappinted
31. A. rcksB. phtsC. fdD. time
32. A. fell nB. strengthenedC. brke thrughD. cleared
33. A. brightB. greyC. fartherD. misty
34. A. imaginatinB. eyesC. friendD. experience
35. A. shareB. interpretC. mixD. remember
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，记叙了作者和朋友David的一次登山经历和所见所闻。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我是一名高中生，我已经有了一次惊人的个人经历——我的第一次爬山。A. flight航班；B. study研究；C. pinin观点；D. hike徒步旅行。根据“t the muntains”及下文“jin him in his jurney t the Rcky Muntains”可知，作者描述了一次徒步攀登的经历。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在家乡待着不用去任何地方，我感到很自在。A. sad伤心的；B. cmfrtable舒适的；C. tired劳累的；D. curius好奇的。根据“Befre my trip, I used t be a hmebdy.”及“spending time in my hmetwn withut ging anywhere”可知，作者在家乡待着不用去任何地方，感到很自在舒适。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我最好的朋友大卫设法说服我和他一起去落基山脉。A. managed完成（困难的事）；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. frgt忘记。根据“This was my first time in the muntains”及下文描述登山的过程可知，David成功说服作者登山。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，天气一直有雾，我们爬得越高，能见度越差。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Definitely肯定地；C. Unfrtunately不幸地；D. Abslutely绝对地、完全地。根据“the weather was fggy all the time”可知，有雾的天气对于攀登是不利的，因此对于他们来说是不幸的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. deeper更深；B. clser更近；C. better更好；D. higher更高。根据“climbed nt the muntains”可知，作者和大卫不断地登高。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. scenery风景；B. visibility能见度；C. sky天空；D. air空气。根据上文“fggy all the time”可知，登山时被大雾笼罩，攀登越高，雾就越大，能见度就越差。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一天，我们沿着山麓前行；然而，第二天我们开始爬上其中一座山峰。A. steps一步；B. peaks巅峰、顶点；C. trees树木；D. temples庙。根据下文“When we finally gt t the tp”可知，接下来的计划是攀登山顶。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们最终到达山顶时，什么都没有改变。A. changed改变；B. disappeared消失；C. narrwed使狭窄；D. reserved预定、保留。根据“The same fg”可知，山顶的风景没有改变，还是大雾弥漫。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样的雾笼罩着我们周围的一切，这让我很失望，因为我本想从上面看风景，也许还能拍些照片。A. decrating装饰；B. sweeping扫；C. cvering覆盖；D. invlving牵扯、涉及。根据“____9____ everything arund us”可知，大雾覆盖了周围的一切。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. excited激动的；B. wrried担心的；C. frightened害怕的；D. disappinted失望的。根据“because I cunted n seeing the view frm abve”可知，作者原本计划看一看山顶的风景，对于只能看见大雾是失望的。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rcks巨石；B. phts照片；C. fd食物；D. time时间。根据“seeing the view frm abve”可知，作者原本计划在山顶拍些照片。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：但就在我们决定往回走的时候，太阳突然冲破云层，山峰瞬间变得明亮起来。A. fell n落到……上；B. strengthened加强、巩固；C. brke thrugh冲破（障碍）；D. cleared清理。根据“the sun suddenly ____12____ the cluds”可知，太阳冲破了云层。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bright明亮的；B. grey灰色的；C. farther更远的；D. misty薄雾笼罩的。根据“the sun suddenly ____12____ the cluds”可知，太阳冲破了云层，山顶一下子被照亮了。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：脚下有那么多山脊、悬崖和边缘，我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. imaginatin想象力；B. eyes眼睛；C. friend朋友；D. experience经历、经验。根据“With all thse muntain ridges, cliffs, and edges beneath me”可知，脚下的景色让作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远记得那种高高在上的感觉，我的头触着天空，云在下面游弋。A. share分享；B. interpret解释；C. mix混合；D. remember记得。根据“the feeling f being high abve, with my head tuching the skies and the cluds swimming belw.”可知，作者永远记得他在山顶，身边景色环绕的样子。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Temperatures arund the wrld are rising. Many places ____36____ (experience) extreme weather events such as extreme heat since the start f the new century.
Scientists have shwn all that is ging t get even ____37____ (bad). They lked at cities in the nrth half f the planet. They ____38____ (especial) paid attentin t thse in the US.
Accrding ____39____ simple gegraphy, the cities near Canada have cl t mild weather. Thse near Mexic ____40____ (be) htter and mre humid (潮湿的). Hwever, things are ging t lk and feel a lt different in 2080.
The scientists created a weather mdel ____41____ (study) the weather changes in 2080. They cnsidered tw imprtant pints. One was the warming f the planet by 1.5℃ t 3℃ and____42____ ther was the increasing greenhuse gas levels. Unluckily, what the scientists fund was ____43____ (surprise)! The cities ____44____ are in the nrth turned int nes in the suth— abut 500 miles suth. Fr example, Washingtn, DC felt like Greenwd, Mississippi, and Mississippi felt like Mexic.
That’s bad news fr peple in the US, _____45_____ it’s als bad fr peple everywhere because we’re all in the same bat.
【答案】36. have experienced
37. wrse 38. especially
39. t 40. are
41. t study
42. the 43. surprising
44. which##that
45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，以美国的一些城市举例，说明全球气温正在上升，这种情况正在变得越来越差。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：进入新世纪以来，很多地方出现了极端高温等极端天气事件。空处缺少句子的谓语，根据 since the start f the new century可知，句子为现在完成时，主语为复数。故填have experienced。
【37题详解】
考查形容词的级。句意：科学家们已经表明，这一切将变得更糟。get后用形容词作表语，结合even可知，句子为bad的比较级wrse。故填wrse。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们特别关注美国的那些城市。空处修饰动词paid，用副词作状语。故填especially。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：根据简单的地理情况，加拿大附近的城市有凉爽到温和的天气。accrding t意思为：根据，为固定短语。故填t。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：靠近墨西哥的城市更热更潮湿。主语为thse，为名词复数指代城市，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，be动词用are。故填are。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们创建了一个天气模型来研究2080年的天气变化。空处表示created a weather mdel的目的状语，用不定式结构。故填t study。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一个是地球变暖1.5到3℃，另一个是温室气体水平的增加。ne…the ther…意思为：一个……另一个……。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不幸的是，科学家们的发现令人惊讶！空处作表语，表示事物的性质，用surprising，意思为：令人惊讶的。故填surprising。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：北部的城市变成了南部的城市——大约在500英里以南。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为cities，表示物，作从句的主语，用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：这对美国人来说是坏消息，对世界各地的人来说也是坏消息，因为我们都在同一条船上。That’s bad news fr peple in the US与it’s als bad fr peple everywhere为并列关系，用and连接两个句子。故填and。
第三部分 写作(满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校学生会国际部将在下周二下午开展关于如何保护眼睛的讲座，请你写一则通知，内容包括：
1.讲座目的；
2.讲座内容；
3.参会须知。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ntice
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Students Unin
【答案】Ntice
Our Student Unin Internatinal Department will hld a lecture n hw t prtect ur eyes next Tuesday afternn. The purpse f the lecture is t raise awareness abut the imprtance f eye care and t prvide practical tips fr maintaining gd eye health. The lecture will cver varius tpics which include the causes f eye prblems, and the crrect way t use electrnic devices and s n. Please nte the fllwing fr the event:
The lecture will start at 3:00 PM and last fr apprximately 1 hur. Seating is limited, s please arrive early t secure a spt.
We hpe t see yu there and learn tgether hw t prtect ur precius eyesight.
Students Unin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校学生会国际部将在下周二下午开展关于如何保护眼睛的讲座，要求考生写一则通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hld→launch
目的：purpse → aim
意识：awareness→cnsciusness
活动：event→ activity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our Student Unin Internatinal Department will hld a lecture n hw t prtect ur eyes next Tuesday afternn.
拓展句：Our Student Unin Internatinal Department will hld a lecture n hw t prtect ur eyes next Tuesday afternn, which is really beneficial fr all the students
【点睛】【高分句型1】The lecture will cver varius tpics which include the causes f eye prblems, and the crrect way t use electrnic devices and s n.（运用了which引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We hpe t see yu there and learn tgether hw t prtect ur precius eyesight.（运用了特殊疑问词+不定式的结构）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maya and her lder brther Marcus lived with their grandma. Their parents, busy with wrk in anther city, culd nly return hme during the winter hliday. Grandma was gd at paper-cutting, and she decrated the whle rm with pretty shapes f animals and flwers, devting herself t keeping Maya and Marcus happy. Hwever, despite her grandmther’s lve, Maya ften felt deep frustratin, cmplaining why she culdn’t stay with her parents.
As the days grew shrter and clder, Maya’s excitement came back. She knew that with the arrival f snw, the winter hliday wuld cme, as well as the return f her parents. One day, the weather frecast predicted snw during daytime, s Maya eagerly rse frm bed, pressing her nse against the windw, and waiting fr the first pretty snwflake t drp frm the sky.
Hwever, as it was getting late, Maya’s excitement turned int disappintment. Sensing her sadness, grandma cmfrted her, “Be patient, dear. The snw will cme sn.” Marcus, t, tried t be an lder brther, reminding Maya that the snw culd fall at night. Yet, despite their effrts, Maya remained upset. Night fell and nt a single snwflake was in sight. Sadly, Maya went t bed withut eating anything, ging t her dreams with tears in her eyes.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
T cheer Maya up, grandma and Marcus decided t make snwflakes themselves.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maya rushed t the windws, and fund snwflakes f all shapes and sizes n the glass.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
T cheer Maya up, grandma and Marcus decided t make snwflakes themselves. Grandma immediately devted herself t paper-cutting, making each paper in her hands then becme elegant and delicate snwflakes. At the same time, Marcus went t great length t learn hw t make snwflake by fllwing grandma’s technique. One hur later, all kinds f snwflakes piled up like a hill n the table. Then Marcus stuck them n the windws and pictured hw excited Maya wuld be at the sight f them. The next day, Maya wke up alne, sptting smething unusual n the glass.
Maya rushed t the windws, and fund snwflakes f all shapes and sizes n the glass. At that mment, Maya understd what had happened last night. Despite the fact that utside fell n snw still, these artificial snwflakes prved t be the best snw in the winter. In the daylight, they seemed as if they had truly drpped frm the sky, which made Maya recnsider her negative emtins she had expressed. Turning back, she rested her eyes n Marcus and grandma wh were still asleep. At nce she acknwledged that it was them wh always accmpanied her during her parents’ absence.
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。由于父母忙于工作，玛雅和马库斯只能和奶奶一起生活，虽然奶奶和马库斯很爱她，但是玛雅依然抱怨自己不能和父母在一起，当雪天快来临时，玛雅非常期盼，因为这意味着父母就要回来了，但是那天却没有下雪，玛雅非常失落，为了安慰玛雅，奶奶和马库斯做了雪花形状的剪纸贴在窗户上，玛雅醒来后看到了非常感动，也开始感激他们的陪伴。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“为了让玛雅高兴起来，奶奶和马库斯决定自己制作雪花。”可知，第一段可描写奶奶和马库斯制作好雪花后期待着玛雅看到之后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“玛雅冲到窗前，发现玻璃上有各种形状和大小的雪花。”可知，第二段可描写玛雅看到“雪花”后明白了一切，觉得非常感动和温暖。
2.续写线索：制作雪花——贴在窗上——期待——明了——感动——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.致力于：devte neself t/cmmit neself t/adapt neself t
②.想象：picture/imagine
③.注意到：spt/ntice/bserve
情绪类
①.兴奋的：excited/thrilled
②.消极情绪：negative emtins/negative feelings
【点睛】[高分句型1] In the daylight, they seemed as if they had truly drpped frm the sky, which made Maya recnsider her negative emtins she had expressed. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)