2022-2023学年广东省湛江二十一中高二（下）期中英语试卷

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省湛江二十一中高二（下）期中英语试卷，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年广东省湛江二十一中高二（下）期中英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
While bringing global change may take some time，these companies and individuals have already developed various ways to reduce plastic pollution.
Plastic Bank
According to its founder David Katz， "The only way to stop ocean plastic is to show the value to the collectors." The company does this by rewarding people who collect ocean plastic with cash，goods，or services.The garbage collected is recycled and sold to companies that pay above-market prices to help the cause.
Liter of Light
Since 2011，Liter of Light has been transforming plastic bottles into light sources （光源）.There are millions of people who have no access to electricity.The company attaches plastic bottles filled with water and bleach to roofs.They reflect sunlight into the dark，windowless homes during the day.When the sun sets，a micro solar panel （太阳能电池板） helps power an LED bulb （灯泡）.
The Ocean Cleanup Foundation
In 2013，18-year-old Boyan Slat dropped out of college to start The Ocean Cleanup Foundation.The young inventor developed the first operational cleanup system in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.The system is designed to collect the surface garbage as it floats past.The accumulated plastic will be brought to land for recycling.Slat believes his invention will allow us to clean 50 percent of the patch within five years.
1. What does Plastic Bank mainly do to help reduce plastic pollution？ ______
A. They invent various ways.
B. They reward the collectors.
C. They found a recycling company.
D. They call on the public to plant trees.
2. How can plastic bottles become light sources？ ______
A. By reflecting sunlight. B. By producing electricity.
C. By working with a solar panel. D. By being made into LED bulbs.
3. What kind of person is Boyan Slat？ ______
A. Learned and ambitious. B. Devoted and dutiful.
C. Hard-working and optimistic. D. Determined and creative.
B
Exercise and a healthy diet in childhood leads to adults with bigger brains and lower levels of anxiety，according to a new research in mice.
Though diet and exercise are consistently recommended as ways to promote health，this study is the first to examine the long-lasting，combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life.
The researchers determined that early-life exercise generally reduced anxious behaviors in adults.It also led to an increase in adult muscle and brain mass.When fed "Western" style diets high in fat and sugar，the mice not only became fatter，but also grew into adults that preferred unhealthy foods.
These findings have recently been published in the journal Physiology and Behavior.To obtain them，the researchers divided the young mice into four groups - those with access to exercise，those without access，those fed a standard，healthy diet and those that ate a Western diet.
Mice started on their diets immediately after weaning（断奶），and continued on them for three weeks，until they reached physical maturity.After an additional eight weeks of "washout"，during which all mice were housed without motion and on the healthy diet，the researchers did behavioral analysis and various measurements.
One of those they measured，leptin，is produced by fat cells.It helps control body weight primarily by lowering the sensation of hunger and also by increasing energy consumption.Early-life exercise increased adult leptin levels as well as fat mass in adult mice，regardless of the diet they ate.
Previously，the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome（肠道菌群） for life，even if they later eat more healthily.Going forward，the team plans to investigate whether fat or sugar is more responsible for the negative effects they measured in Western-diet-fed mice.
Together，both studies offer critical opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits.The findings may be relevant for understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with fatness.
4. What is unique about the new study？ ______
A. It involves adults' eating behavior.
B. It shows key elements for a long life.
C. It stresses separate impacts of exercise and diet.
D. It highlights joint effects of early exercise and diet.
5. How did the researchers get the study results？ ______
A. By trial and error.
B. By previous experience.
C. By experimenting on grouped mice.
D. By comparing mice with human beings.
6. What is the main function of leptin？ ______
A. It forms fat cells. B. It brings down appetite.
C. It stimulates hunger. D. It limits energy consumption.
7. How does the author look at health interventions in early-life habits？ ______
A. Favorably. B. Critically. C. Indifferently. D. Doubtfully.
C
Humans have been living and working on the space station for 20 years.Their meals are packaged,though sometimes astronauts receive fresh treats from resupply missions.The longer that packaged food is stored,the more it loses nutrients like vitamin C and vitamin K.
Astronauts have successfully grown 10 different crops on the space station since 2015 and had the chance to sample each one.The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first Chili（辣椒）grown in space.The crew finally had a chance to taste the peppers after initially the plant experiment on the space station in July.
Plant Habitat-04 is one of the most complex plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory to date because peppers take much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants.After growing for four months,the peppers were harvested on Friday.
Peppers provide a great source of vitamin C，as well as other key nutrients.Pepper plants self-pollinate,so they are easy to grow,and they are a pick-and-eat crop that doesn't have to be cooked.They are also safe to eat raw.
A side effect of life in zero gravity is that astronauts often lose some of their taste and smell,so spicy or well-seasoned foods are a favorite.Adding fresh greens or peppers to the menu allows astronauts to liven up their regular meals.But growing and tending to the plants can also produce other benefits.
Astronauts have described the joy from seeing-as well as smelling and caring for-leafy green plants on the space station that remind them of Earth.
"Growing colorful vegetables in space can have long-term benefits for physical and psychological health," said Matt Romeyn,principal investigator for the experiment." We are discovering that growing plants and vegetables with colors and smells helps to improve astronauts' well-being."
8. What does underlined "kicking off" in the 2nd paragraph mean？ ______
A. Launch. B. Complete. C. Quit. D. Announce.
9. What makes Plant Habitat-04 one of the most complex plant experiments？ ______
A. The technology. B. Growing process.
C. The varieties of plants. D. Growing time required.
10. Why are peppers added to the menu for astronauts？ ______
A. They are delicious. B. They restore their appetite.
C. They help kill diseases. D. They improve their memory.
11. What is the suitable title for the text？ ______
A. The Fun in the Space Life
B. The Common Goal in the Space Mission
C. The First Chili Peppers Grown in Space
D. A Research Finding from the Space Mission
D
When answering a question,your silence might say more than your words.A new psychology study has found pausing before replying,even for just a few seconds,can make you seem more insincere or dishonest.That perception（感知）of dishonesty might not be too inaccurate,either.Numerous studies suggest people are slower to respond when they are not being truthful,possibly because it takes more mental work to block a truthful response or fabricate （编造）an alternative.
What's been less clear is how well our lies have been fooling people.Some studies suggest delayed answers come across as insincere to the listener.Others find no relationship between the two,and still more have found the opposite：A bit of hesitation increases our perception of sincerity.These findings are inconsistent and confusing.They are also mostly based on correlations.Even the few studies that have actually looked at causal relationships often didn't consider confusing factors that could also give away a liar or an insincere speaker.
The new research seeks to improve some of those limitations by examining thousands of people under a variety of conditions.Together,it involves more than 7，500 individuals in a total of 14 experiments.On the whole,the authors found an immediate response was perceived as more sincere,while a delayed response,even a delay as brief as two seconds,was seen as more insincere. "Evaluating other people's sincerity is an important part of social interactions." says consumer behaviour researcher Ignazio Ziano.
"It would be unfair for the responder,such as a crime suspect,if the response delay was misattributed to（错误地归因于） thought suppression（抑制）or answer fabrication when it was in fact caused by a different factor,such as simply being distracted or thoughtful." explains Ziano.
12. What can we infer from the first paragraph？ ______
A. The perception of dishonesty depends on your silence.
B. Preparing a truthful response needs more mental work.
C. The impression of dishonesty isn't always accurate.
D. Quicker replies to questions make you seem reliable.
13. According to paragraph 3，how do researchers carry out their research？ ______
A. By studying the findings of several previous research projects.
B. By examining thousands of people in various situations.
C. By collecting data from the database from a new research.
D. By analyzing the circumstances of the responses involved.
14. Why does Ziano say it is unfair for the responder in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Listeners should ignore the pauses.
B. A real criminal could escape quietly.
C. The responder may be judged wrongly.
D. The response delay affects people's preference.
15. Where is this text most likely from？ ______
A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A brochure. D. A magazine.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
It was Jennifer Williams's mother who got her interested in books.She read to her three children every day. "Not until we went to kindergarten," Williams told vadogwood.com,a local news site. "Until we went to college. "When Williams,now 54，became an elementary school teacher and tutor in Danvill,she wanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had.(16)
To Williams,the solution was simple：Give kids books.In 2017 she gave away 900 used children's books over three days. (17) "I was like,'Anybody could do that,'"she said. "I wanted to do something bigger. "
So she set a new goal for herself： (18) It sounds like an unreachable number,but as Williams posted on Facebook： "Don't complain in the seats at a sports ground if you aren't willing to work hard out on the field. "
So she got to work first by persuading friends to donate books or money to buy books. (19) As quickly as the books come in,Williams gives them to local schools-free of charge-and also supplies books to little free libraries.
In the four years she's been doing all this,the Book Lady,has given away more than 78，000 books-only 922，000 more to reach her goal! (20)Because it's extremely important for kids to have more books to choose from while reading.

A.And she's not slowing down.
B.To give away one million books.
C.I was quite proud of the book I had read.
D.Most people would be satisfied with that number.
E.Become the person who gives away the most books.
F.Then,as news spread,strangers started donating books to her.
G.However,she realized that some kids had limited access to books.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Never criticize someone until you have walked in a mile in their shoes.During the past 25 years，I've often found that the saying has helped me see(21) from a different view.
Once I was on my way to a party with several(22).As we were leaving the office，we met another one，Wendy，who had (23) planned to attend the event.We asked her to go together，but she(24) our invitation rudely.The others were quite annoyed and clearly(25) with Wendy's behavior.
(26) how tired Wendy appeared，I commented that perhaps we should pardon her.She was obviously having a(27) day，and it wasn't worth holding a grudge（恶意）against her if we weren't (28) of what led to her unusual behavior.A week later，I(29) that Wendy had a serious illness.Wendy wasn't being rude to us(30).
Whether it's a family member who let me(31)，a friend who doesn't keep his(32)，or a difficult workmate，the saying(33) me.Although it's not always easy to(34)， I've been able to get rid of a lot of (35) over the years by focusing on it.
21.  A. faults B. situations C. complaints D. evidences
22.  A. customers B. fellows C. neighbors D. relatives
23.  A. just B. seldom C. previously D. quickly
24.  A. refused B. accepted C. suspected D. ignored
25.  A. angry B. strict C. worried D. pleased
26.  A. Responding to B. Reflecting on C. Apart from D. In terms of
27.  A. busy B. lucky C. good D. bad
28.  A. afraid B. aware C. proud D. fond
29.  A. learned B. realized C. determined D. concluded
30.  A. by accident B. on duty C. on purpose D. in return
31.  A. out B. in C. down D. off
32.  A. judgment B. dignity C. balance D. promise
33.  A. honors B. disturbs C. guides D. comforts
34.  A. persuade B. achieve C. forgive D. calculate
35.  A. habits B. danger C. ideas D. annoyance
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Poetry （诗歌），（ 1） ______ common form of literature，plays an important role in ancient China.At that time，there were no TVs or films，and （2） ______ （ write） had not been invented，so people would sit around the fire at night and sing songs.Since nothing was set down，different versions of these songs （3） ______ （ create），and each area would have its own rhythm （韵律）.As these songs were often quite long，they often had rhyme and rhythm （4） ______ （ help） people remember them more easily.While in the （5） ______ （ begin） such songs had a very simple format，over time they became more difficult and （6） ______ （ pretty）.These were no longer the works of amateurs （业余爱好者） sitting around a fire，（ 7） ______ works of true poets who cared about their art and who sometimes made a living from it.
Poetry plays with sounds，words，and grammar，（ 8） ______ makes poetry difficult to write but very interesting to read.In fact，the tradition of writing and reading poems has been passing （9） ______ over the generations. （10） ______ is amazing that now even more people are trying to write poems by themselves!
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国诗词大会（Chinese Ancient Poetry Competition）。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
（1）诗词大会时间、地点（5月12下周日）；（2）举办该活动的目的和意义；（3）期待回复
注意：（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A man came home from work late，tired and irritated（不耐烦的），to find his 5-year-old son waiting for him at the door.
"Daddy，may I ask you a question？"
"Yeah sure，what is it？" replied the man.
"Daddy，how much do you make an hour？"
"That's none of your business.Why do you ask such a thing？" the man said angrily.
"I just want to know.Please tell me.How much do you make an hour？" pleaded the little boy.
"If you must know，I make ＄20 an hour."
"Oh，" the little boy replied，with his head down.Looking up，he said，"Daddy，may I please borrow ＄10？"
The father was angry，"If the only reason you asked that is that you can borrow some money to buy a silly toy or some other nonsense，then you march yourself straight to your room and go to bed.Think about why you are being so selfish.I work hard every day for such childish behavior." The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door.The man sat down and started to get even angrier about the little boy's questions. "How dare he ask such questions only to get some money？" he thought to himself.After about an hour or so，the man calmed down，and started to think：Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that ＄10 and he really didn't ask for money very often.The man went to the door of the little boy's room and opened the door. "Are you asleep，son？" he asked.
"No，daddy，I'm awake，" replied the boy.
"I've been thinking，maybe I was too hard on you earlier，" said the man. "It has been a long day and I took out my anger on you.Here's the ＄10 you asked for."
The little boy sat straight up，smiling. "Oh.Thank you，daddy!" he yelled.Then，reaching under his pillow he pulled out some crumpled（皱巴巴的） bills.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
The man，seeing that the boy already had money started to get angry again.__________________
Paragraph 2：
Not knowing what his son meant，the father just stood there，waiting for his boy's explanation.___________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Plastic Bank部分的The company does this by rewarding people who collect ocean plastic with cash，goods，or services.（该公司通过奖励那些收集海洋塑料的人现金、商品或服务来做到这一点。）可知，该公司通过奖励收集者的方式来帮助减少塑料污染。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据Liter of Light部分的The company attaches plastic bottles filled with water and bleach to roofs.They reflect sunlight into the dark，windowless homes during the day. （该公司将装满水和漂白剂的塑料瓶贴在屋顶上。白天，它们把阳光反射到黑暗、没有窗户的房子里。）可知，塑料瓶通过反射阳光成为光源，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据The Ocean Cleanup Foundation部分的In 2013，18-year-old Boyan Slat dropped out of college to start The Ocean Cleanup Foundation.The young inventor developed the first operational cleanup system in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.The system is designed to collect the surface garbage as it floats past. （2013年，18岁的博扬•斯拉特从大学辍学，创办了海洋清理基金会。这位年轻的发明家在大太平洋垃圾带开发了第一个可操作的清理系统。该系统的设计目的是收集漂浮在水面上的垃圾。）可知，Boyan Slat为了保护海洋环境，从大学退学去成立海洋清理基金会，说明他意志力"坚定"；他发明了第一个可操作的清理系统，说明他是"有创造力"。A．Learned and ambitious.博学而有抱负的；B．Devoted and dutiful.尽职尽责的；C．Hard-working and optimistic.勤奋，乐观的；D．Determined and creative.有决心，有创造力的。故选D。
本文是应用文。文章介绍了一些公司和个人开发出的各种减少塑料污染的方法。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

4~7.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段的" Though diet and exercise are consistently recommended as ways to promote health           ，this study is the first to examine the long-lasting        ，combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life.           尽管饮食和锻炼一直被推荐为促进健康的方法，但这项研究是第一次对这两种因素在生命早期经历时的长期、综合影响进行研究。可知这项新研究的独特之处在于它强调了早期运动和饮食的共同影响。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第四段的"To obtain them  ，the researchers divided the young mice into four groups         — those with access to exercise    ，those without access  ，those fed a standard   ，healthy diet and those that ate a Western diet.        为了获得它们，研究人员将年轻的老鼠分成四组--有锻炼机会的，没有锻炼机会的，吃标准健康饮食的和吃西方饮食的。"可知，研究人员通过对老鼠进行分组实验得到研究结果。故选C。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的"It helps control body weight primarily by lowering the sensation of hunger and also by increasing energy consumption.它主要通过降低饥饿感和增加能量消耗来帮助控制体重。"可知，瘦身素的主要功能是降低食欲。故选B。
（4）A.情感态度题。根据最后一段的" Together，both studies offer critical opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits.The findings may be relevant for understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with fatness.                            这两项研究共同提供了对儿童习惯进行健康干预的关键机会。这些发现可能与理解减少活动和饮食变化与肥胖相关的潜在影响有关。可知，作者对早期生活习惯的健康干预持支持态度。A.Favorably支持地；B.Critically批评地；C.Indifferently漠不关心地；D.Doubtfully怀疑地。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现儿童时期的锻炼和健康饮食可以使其成年后拥有更大的大脑和更低的焦虑水平。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

8~11.【答案】A、D、B、C
【解析】（1）A.词义猜测题。根据第二段The crew finally had a chance to taste the peppers after initially kicking off the plant experiment on the space station in July.（今年7月，宇航员们在空间站开始了植物实验，终于有机会品尝辣椒。）"前一句说宇航员最终能够品尝辣椒，后文 initially表示"最初"，可知，宇航员最初开始植物实验，才能在最后收获辣椒，所以kick off的意思是"开始"，A.Launch启动；B.Complete完成；C.Quit放弃；D.Announce宣布。故选A项。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段Plant Habitat-04 is one of the most complex plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory to date because peppers take much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants. （植物栖息地04是轨道实验室迄今为止最复杂的植物实验之一，因为辣椒的生长时间比之前的实验植物长得多。）"可知，植物栖息地04最复杂的原因在于其所需要的生长时间。故选D项。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据第五段A side effect of life in zero gravity is that astronauts often lose some of their taste and smell,so spicy or well-seasoned foods are a favorite.Adding fresh greens or peppers to the menu allows astronauts to liven up their regular meals. （零重力生活的一个副作用是，宇航员经常会失去一些味觉和嗅觉，所以辛辣或调味好的食物是他们的最爱。在菜单中加入新鲜的绿色蔬菜或辣椒可以让宇航员的日常饮食更有活力。）可知，在宇航员的食谱中加入辣椒是为了让他们恢复食欲。故选B项。
（4）C.标题归纳题。根据第二段The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first Chili （辣椒） grown in space.（周五，国际空间站为宇航员举办了一个派对，庆祝第一批太空辣椒的收获。）可知，辣椒首次在太空被成功种植。后文紧接着说明太空辣椒的必要性，所以全文都在说太空的首次辣椒种植。所以"C.The First Chili Peppers Grown in Space"为最佳标题。故选C项。
本文是说明文，描述了第一个在太空种植的辣椒。
做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

12~15.【答案】D、B、C、D
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第一段A new psychology study has found pausing before replying,even for just a few seconds,can make you seem more insincere or dishonest.（一项新的心理学研究发现，在回答之前停顿一下，即使只有几秒钟，也会让你看起来更不真诚或不诚实。）可知，更快地回答问题会让你看起来可靠。故选D。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第三段The new research seeks to improve some of those limitations by examining thousands of people under a variety of conditions.（这项新研究试图通过对数千人在各种条件下进行调查来改善其中一些局限性。）可知，研究人员通过对数千人在不同情况下的调查来进行他们的研究。故选B。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段It would be unfair for the responder,such as a crime suspect,if the response delay was misattributed to thought suppression   or answer fabrication when it was in fact caused by a different factor,such as simply being distracted or thoughtful.（如果反应延迟被错误地归咎于思维抑制或编造答案，而实际上是由其他因素造成的，比如单纯的分心或深思熟虑，这对应答者来说是不公平的。）可知，Ziano说这对回应者是不公平的是因为回应者可能会被错误地判断。故选C。
（4）D.文章来源题。根据第一段A new psychology study has found pausing before replying,even for just a few seconds,can make you seem more insincere or dishonest.（一项新的心理学研究发现，在回答之前停顿一下，即使只有几秒钟，也会让你看起来更不真诚或不诚实。）可知，本文主要讲的是一项新的心理学研究发现，在回答之前停顿一下，即使只有几秒钟，也会让你看起来更不真诚或不诚实，是说明一个研究的发现，因此最有可能来自于杂志。A.A diary一本日记；B.A guidebook一本指南；C.A brochure一本小册子；D.A magazine一本杂志。故选D。
本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要讲的是一项新的心理学研究发现，在回答之前停顿一下，即使只有几秒钟，也会让你看起来更不真诚或不诚实。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】F、E、C、A、B
【解析】（1）F.推理判断题。根据空前Jennifer Williams is a teacher from Virginia who loves reading. （詹妮弗•威廉姆斯是来自弗吉尼亚州的一名热爱阅读的教师。）可知，她是一个自己热爱读书的人。以及空后So she decided to give away 1 million books to people in her small town.（因此，她决定向小镇上的人们赠送100万本书。）可知，不仅自己爱读书还帮助其他人读书。F项：Then,as news spread,strangers started donating books to her.（她想帮助喜欢阅读的人自由地享受阅读。）符合语境，故选F。
（2）E.推理判断题。根据空前So,one summer,she made a goal to give away 300 books to the school where she has worked.（因此，有一年夏天，她定下目标，要向她工作过的学校赠送300本书。）可知，她设定目标捐很多的书，她需要寻求认识人的帮助。E项：Become the person who gives away the most books.（她问她认识的人是否愿意捐赠给儿童。）符合语境，故选E。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据空前Every year,she gives a book to each student at her local primary school.（每年，她都会给当地小学的每个学生一本书。）可知，她给别人捐书。以及空后Standing across the street are 16 tiny libraries that Williams has kept. （街对面是威廉姆斯保留的16个小型图书馆。）可知，她还以图书馆的形式把书捐给别人。C项：I was quite proud of the book I had read.（她还以其他方式把书送给别人。）符合语境，故选C。
（4）A.细节理解题。根据空后Williams said her community has united to help her achieve her goal.（威廉姆斯说，她的社区团结起来帮助她实现目标。）可知，她得到了社区的支持。A项：And she's not slowing down.（她的社区也非常支持她。）符合语境，故选A。
（5）B.推理判断题。根据空前As for Williams,she said she didn't plan to slow down anytime soon.（至于威廉姆斯，她说她不打算在短时间内放慢脚步。）可知，她决定要继续这个伟大的事业。B项：To give away one million books.（她的目标是继续做她现在正在做的事情。）符合语境，故选B。
本文是记叙文。讲述了弗吉尼亚州的一名热爱阅读的教师帮助其他人读书的故事。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

21~35.【答案】B、B、C、A、A、B、D、B、A、C、C、D、C、C、D
【解析】（1）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.faults错误；B.situations形势；C.complaints抱怨；D.evidence证据。根据下文"The others were quite annoyed and clearly （5）with Wendy's behaviour."和"She was obviously having a（7）day，and it wasn't worth holding a grudge （恶意） against her if we weren't （8）of what led to her unusual behaviour."可知，作者的确不同于其他人对待令人生气的事情的态度，懂得换位思考，换个角度考虑问题。故选B项。
（2）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.customers顾客；B.fellows同事；C.neighbors邻居；D.relatives亲戚。根据后文"As we were leaving the office，we met another one，"可知，与作者同行的是她的同事。故选B项。
（3）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.just刚刚；B.seldom很少；C.previously之前；D.quickly快速地。根据后文"We asked her to go together，"可知，温蒂在与作者相遇之前，应当原本是打算一道去参加活动的。故选C项。
（4）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.refused拒绝；B.accepted接受；C.suspected怀疑；D.ignored忽略。根据空前"We asked her to go togeher，but..."可知，原本我们是约好一起去派对的，可令我们意想不到的是，温蒂却临时变卦，且态度粗暴地回应我们。故选A项。
（5）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.angry生气的；B.strict严格的；C.worried担忧的；D.pleased高兴的。根据前文"The others were quite annoyed"可知，温蒂如此粗暴的态度，我的几位同事应该感到生气。故选A项。
（6）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.Resonding to回应；B.Reflecting on回想；C.Apart from除了；D.In terms of就……而言。根据后文"I commented that perhaps we should forgive her."可知，作者此时应当是与温蒂分开之后，回想起她当时的精神状态，试着理解她如此反常的态度。故选B项。
（7）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.busy忙碌的；B.lucky幸运的；C.good好的；D.bad坏的。根据前文"I commented that perhaps we should forgive her."可知，作者此时应当是换位思考，猜想温蒂应当是工作累了一天，因此导致她发脾气，认为她的行为是事出有因。故选D项。
（8）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.afraid害怕的；B.aware意识到的；C.proud骄傲的；D.fond喜爱的。根据下文"A week later，I （9）that Wendy had a serious illness."可知，作者认为不明白温蒂反常行为背后的原因，只是心中愤懑是没有意义的。故选B项。
（9）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.learned得知；B.realized意识到；C.determined决心；D.concluded下结论。根据后文"Wendy had a serious illness."可知，作者得知了温蒂生病的消息，终于明白了她上次行为反常的原因了。故选A项。
（10）C.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.by accident意外地；B.on duty值班；C.on purpose故意；D.in return作为回报。根据前文"We asked her to go together，but she （4）our iniationroughly （粗暴地）."可知，作者也就明白了温蒂当时并非是对我们粗鲁，而是因为得知自己患重病的消息而心烦意乱。故选C项。
（11）C.考查介词及语境理解。A.out向外；B.in里面；C.down向下；D.off离开。let sb down意为"让某人感到失望"。根据后文"a friend who betrayed （背叛） my （12）or a difficult workmate"都指让我们感到生气的身边的人。故选C项。
（12）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.judgment判断；B.dignity尊严；C.balance平衡；D.promise承诺。根据后文"or a difficult workmate"可知，作者列举了生活中我们亲近的人也许会非常让我们恼火生气，难相处的同事和背信弃义的朋友，这些都需要我们以不同的角度和释然的态度看待。keep one's promise意为"信守承诺"，故选D项。
（13）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.honors尊敬；B.disturbs打扰；C.guides指引；D.comforts安慰。根据前文"I've often found that the message used to be on my fridge has helped me see （1）from a different view."可知，冰箱上的标语一直指导作者摆脱生活中的烦恼。故选C项。
（14）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.persuade说服；B.achieve实现；C.forgive原谅；D.calculate计算。根据后文"I've been able to get rid of a lot of （15）over the years by focusing on it."和转折连词although可知，尽管换位思考，不动辄批评他人并不容易作者这些年还是通过这种方式，成功地消除了很多生活中很难原谅的烦闷不满和生气等内心负能量。故选C项。
（15）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.habits习惯；B.danger危险；C.ideas想法；D.annoyance烦恼。根据前文"The others were quite annoyed and clearly（5）with Wendy's behaviour（6）how tired Wendy appeared，I commented that perhaps we should forgive her."可知，作者遇到令人不快的情况时，并不会像其他人立刻心生烦闷和不满，而懂得换位思考，体谅他人，从而避免负能量。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者受到一句话的指导，在面对生活中令人不快、烦闷的情况时，懂得换位思考，从而避免了很多不必要的负面情绪。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】writing
【小题3】were created
【小题4】to help
【小题5】beginning
【小题6】prettier
【小题7】but
【小题8】which
【小题9】down
【小题10】It
【解析】（1）考查冠词。句意：诗歌是一种常见的文学形式，在中国古代起着重要的作用。分析句子结构可知此处泛指"一种常见的文学形式"，应用不定冠词，common是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
（2）考查动名词。句意：那时，没有电视或电影，写作也没有发明，所以人们晚上会围坐在炉火旁唱歌。分析句子结构可知此处作主语，应用动名词。故填writing。
（3）考查动词时态语态。句意：由于没有设定任何东西，这些歌曲的不同版本被创造出来，每个区域都有自己的节奏。此处与主语different versions of these songs是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，由语境可知，陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词使用were。故填were created。
（4）考查动词不定式。句意：由于这些歌曲通常很长，它们通常有韵律和节奏，以帮助人们更容易记住它们。分析句子结构可知此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to help。
（5）考查名词的固定搭配。句意：虽然一开始这些歌曲的格式非常简单，但随着时间的推移，它们变得更加困难和漂亮。in the beginning是固定短语，意为"开始，起初"，用名词作宾语。故填beginning。
（6）考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然一开始这些歌曲的格式非常简单，但随着时间的推移，它们变得更加困难和漂亮。分析句子结构可知此处与more difficult是并列表语，应用形容词比较级。故填prettier。
（7）考查连词。句意：这些作品不再是围坐在火旁的业余爱好者的作品，而是真正的诗人的作品，他们关心自己的艺术，有时也以此为生。固定搭配no longer...，but..."不再……，而是……"。故填but。
（8）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：诗歌融合了声音、语言和语法，这使得诗歌很难写，但读起来很有趣。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话的内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。（9）考查副词。句意：事实上，写诗和读诗的传统已经代代相传。pass down是固定短语，意为"传递，传承"。故填down。
（10）考查it的用法。句意：令人惊讶的是，现在甚至有更多的人尝试自己写诗！分析句子结构可知此处使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是that从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填It。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诗歌的起源和发展历史。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

37.【答案】Dear Henry，
Learning that you're very interested in the Chinese Ancient Poetry，I'm writing to invite you to participate in the Chinese Ancient Poetry Competition.
The activity，which is scheduled to be held in our school hall on May 12th，will focus on the Chinese Ancient poem.【高分句型一】（诗词大会时间、地点）The main purposes of this competition are as follows.For one thing，not only does it aim to encourage more students to learn Chinese ancient poems，but it also helps them have a good understanding of Chinese ancient poems.【高分句型二】For another，it can introduce rich Chinese culture to foreign friends.（举办该活动的目的和意义）
I'm sure it can help you have a better understanding of Chinese traditional culture.I am looking forward to your reply and your decision.（期待回复）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：The activity，which is scheduled to be held in our school hall on May 12th，will focus on the Chinese Ancient poem.
翻译：这项活动将于5月12日在我们学校礼堂举行，主题是中国古诗。
分析：运用了which引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The activity。
高分句型二：For one thing，not only does it aim to encourage more students to learn Chinese ancient poems，but it also helps them have a good understanding of Chinese ancient poems.
翻译：一方面，它不仅旨在鼓励更多的学生学习中国古诗，而且帮助他们很好地理解中国古诗。
分析：运用了部分倒装。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】Paragraph 1：
The man，seeing that the boy already had money started to get angry again."How can you be so selfish？Why do you want more money since you already have these bills？" the father could hardly hold his anger back and inquired with two eyebrows knitted into one.With held-back tears in his eyes，the little boy slowly and carefully counted out his money，and then looked up at his father，replying， "Because I didn't have enough before，but now I do." with big blue eyes shining with tears.（父亲认为男孩拿那么多，是自私的行为，因此对儿子生气）
Paragraph 2：
Not knowing what his son meant，the father just stood there，waiting for his boy's explanation.Wiping away his tears and an innocent smile appearing on his face，the boy requested in a relieved voice， "Daddy，I have ＄20 now.Can I buy an hour from you？Please come home early tomorrow.I want to have dinner with you." Hearing the boy's small but sincere request，the father couldn't hold back his tears.【高分句型一】Realizing he was too busy with his business to spare some time with his beloved ones，he gathered his son into his arms and apologized again and again， "Sorry...，and I promise I'll be back early tomorrow."【高分句型二】（儿子解释道想让父亲陪自己吃饭）
【解析】本文讲述儿子花钱买父亲的时间的故事。
高分句型一：Hearing the boy's small but sincere request，the father couldn't hold back his tears.
翻译：听到男孩小小但真诚的请求，父亲忍不住流下了眼泪。
分析：本句使用了现在分词Hearing the boy's small but sincere request做伴随状语。
高分句型二：Realizing he was too busy with his business to spare some time with his beloved ones，he gathered his son into his arms and apologized again and again， "Sorry...，and I promise I'll be back early tomorrow."
翻译：意识到自己忙得没时间陪心爱的人，他把儿子抱在怀里，一次又一次地道歉："对不起……，我保证明天早点回来。"
分析：本句使用了现在分词Realizing he was too busy with his business to spare some time with his beloved ones作原因状语。
解题方法点拨
      （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。