高考英语·二轮复习练习专题突破 专题05 · 七选五之语篇结构与逻辑衔接含答案

这是一份高考英语·二轮复习练习专题突破 专题05 · 七选五之语篇结构与逻辑衔接含答案，共8页。
核【核心知识·深度解读】
七选五题型考查考生对文章整体结构和逻辑连贯性的理解。它要求考生从7个选项中选出5个填入文中空白处，使文章意思通顺、逻辑连贯。掌握语篇结构模式和逻辑衔接技巧是解题关键。
一、常见语篇结构模式
● 总分总结构：首段提出主题，中间分段展开，末段总结。
● 问题解决型：提出问题 → 分析原因 → 提出解决方案 → 展望结果。
● 因果型：说明现象及其原因或结果。
● 对比型：比较两种事物或观点的异同。
二、逻辑衔接技巧
● 代词指代：this, that, these, thse, it, they 等与前文呼应。
● 逻辑关系词：hwever (转折), therefre (因果), mrever (递进), fr example (举例), in cntrast (对比) 等。
● 词汇复现：原词复现、同义词复现、上下义词复现。
● 段落主题一致：选项内容应与本段主旨相符。
三、解题步骤
① 浏览全文，抓主旨：阅读首段和每段首句，了解文章大意。
② 分析选项，圈关键词：标记选项中的代词、逻辑词、核心名词。
③ 定位设空，找线索：根据空格前后句的语义和逻辑关系，缩小选项范围。
④ 代入验证，通读检查：确保全文连贯，无矛盾。
四、 示例 原文： peple think that failure is smething t be avided. 1.__________. In fact, failure can be a pwerful teacher.
选项：
A. Hwever, successful peple ften see it differently.
B. Therefre, yu shuld never try new things.
解析：前句说失败要避免，后句说失败是好老师，中间需要转折，故选A。
题型：阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
专项突破·七选五
Passage 1 (主题：如何培养成长型思维)
Psychlgist Carl Dweck distinguishes between fixed mindset and grwth mindset. Peple with a fixed mindset believe their abilities are static. 1.__________. Frtunately, mindset can be changed.
One way t develp a grwth mindset is t embrace challenges. Instead f aviding difficult tasks, see them as pprtunities t learn. 2.__________. Even if yu fail, yu gain valuable experience.
Anther strategy is t change the way yu talk t yurself. Replace "I'm nt gd at this" with "I'm nt gd at this yet." 3.__________. This small wrd shift pens the dr t imprvement.
Additinally, fcus n effrt rather than utcme. Praise yurself fr trying hard, nt just fr succeeding. 4.__________. Effrt is what builds skills ver time.
Finally, learn frm criticism. Instead f getting defensive, ask what yu can learn. 5.__________. Feedback is a gift fr grwth.
A. This helps yu see effrt as the path t mastery.
B. The wrd "yet" implies that ability can develp.
C. Yu might discver that yu enjy the prcess f learning.
D. Cnstructive criticism pints t areas fr imprvement.
E. Thse with a grwth mindset see challenges as pprtunities t imprve.
F. It's nt abut being perfect, but abut getting better.
G. Research shws that mindset influences academic and career success.
1.____ 2.____ 3.____ 4.____ 5.____
Passage 2 (主题：城市绿化)
Urban green spaces, such as parks and cmmunity gardens, are mre than just pleasant additins t a city. 6.__________. They prvide shade, absrb rainwater, and reduce the "heat island" effect.
First, they imprve air quality. Trees and plants filter pllutants like carbn dixide and fine dust. 7.__________. This is especially imprtant in densely ppulated areas.
Secnd, green spaces prmte physical and mental health. Peple wh live near parks are mre likely t exercise utdrs. 8.__________. Even a shrt walk in nature can lwer stress levels.
Third, they strengthen cmmunity bnds. Cmmunity gardens bring neighbrs tgether t grw fd and share knwledge. 9.__________. This fsters a sense f belnging.
Hwever, creating green spaces requires careful planning. 10.__________. They need t be accessible t all residents, nt just in wealthy neighbrhds.
A. They als play a vital rle in envirnmental sustainability.
B. Fr example, a single tree can absrb up t 150 kg f CO2 per year.
C. Studies shw that greenery can reduce anxiety and imprve md.
D. City fficials must ensure fair distributin f these spaces.
E. In cntrast, areas withut trees ften suffer frm higher temperatures.
F. They ffer a place fr children t play safely.
G. Investing in urban nature is investing in the future.
6.____ 7.____ 8.____ 9.____ 10.____
Passage 3 (主题：应对失败)
Failure is an inevitable part f life. 11.__________. Sme peple let failure define them, while thers use it as a stepping stne t success.
First, allw yurself t feel disappinted. 12.__________. Suppressing emtins nly prlngs the pain.
Secnd, analyze what went wrng. Lk hnestly at the factrs that cntributed t the failure. 13.__________. This isn't abut blame, but abut learning.
Third, extract the lessns. Ask yurself what yu wuld d differently next time. 14.__________. Every failure carries a lessn.
Finally, take actin again. Dn't let fear f failing stp yu frm trying. 15.__________. Resilience is built by getting back up.
A. But dn't dwell n it fr t lng.
B. It might be a lack f preparatin, pr timing, r external factrs.
C. Often, an utside view can prvide clarity.
D. The key is t keep mving frward.
E. Failure is nt the ppsite f success; it's part f success.
F. This culd mean changing yur strategy r learning a new skill.
G. Yu'll emerge strnger and wiser.
11.____ 12.____ 13.____ 14.____ 15.____
参考答案及解析
Passage 1
1. E (前句讲固定型思维，后句说思维可以改变，空格应承接引出成长型思维，E项“成长型思维的人视挑战为提升机会”与上下文衔接)
2. C (前句讲拥抱挑战，后句说即使失败也获得经验，中间需要说明这样做可能发现享受学习过程，C项符合)
3. B (前句“nt gd at this yet”，后句说这一改变打开进步之门，B项解释“yet”暗示能力可以发展，起到承上启下作用)
4. A (前句强调关注努力，后句说努力是技能积累的途径，A项“这帮助你视努力为掌握技能的路径”直接承接)
5. D (前句讲从批评中学习，后句说反馈是成长礼物，D项“建设性批评指出改进之处”解释批评的价值)
Passage 2
6. A (前句说绿地不只是美化，后句列举环境作用，A项“它们在环境可持续性方面也起关键作用”总起)
7. B
8. C (段落讲促进健康，C项“研究表明绿地能减少焦虑改善情绪”符合)
9. F (段落讲社区纽带，F项“为孩子提供安全玩耍场所”是社区作用，与后文归属感一致)
10. D (前句说需要规划，D项“官员必须确保这些空间公平分配”具体说明规划要点)
Passage 3
11. E (前句说失败不可避免，后句说有人被定义，有人当垫脚石，E项“失败不是成功的对立面，而是成功的一部分”作为主旨句，引出下文)
12. A (前句说允许自己失望，后句说压抑情绪延长痛苦，A项“但不要沉溺太久”承接)
13. B (前句说分析失败因素，B项“可能是准备不足、时机不当或外部因素”举例)
14. F (前句说问自己下次怎么做，F项“这可能意味着改变策略或学习新技能”具体说明)
15. D (前句说别让恐惧阻止尝试，后句说韧性来自重新站起，D项“关键是继续前进”总结)
教学使用建议： 建议学生先通读全文把握主旨，再分析空格前后的逻辑关系。重点关注代词、逻辑词和词汇复现。做完后对照解析，总结每道题的衔接方式。