中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十三：定语从句（关系代词·关系副词·限制性 非限制性）专项训练

这是一份中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十三：定语从句（关系代词·关系副词·限制性 非限制性）专项训练，共13页。
【考情考向·近三年命题趋势】
定语从句是中考英语的重要语法点，尤其在阅读理解、完形填空中频繁出现，单项选择也常考。2023-2025年全国各地市真题卷显示，命题主要集中在：① 关系代词的选择（that, which, wh, whm, whse 的辨析）；② 关系副词的选择（when, where, why 的用法）；③ 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别；④ 介词+关系代词的用法；⑤ 关系代词 that 与 which 的特殊用法区别（只用 that 或只用 which 的情况）。本专题按考点分层设计，帮助考生全面掌握定语从句的核心用法。
【核心知识·考点分层精讲】
考点一：关系代词 (that, which, wh, whm, whse)
① wh/that 指人，作主语/宾语（作宾语可省略）
The by wh/that is reading is Tm.
② whm 指人，作宾语（可省略，可用wh代替）
The girl (whm/wh/that) yu met yesterday is my sister.
③ which/that 指物，作主语/宾语（作宾语可省略）
The bk which/that is n the desk is mine.
④ whse 表示所属关系（人/物均可），作定语
The by whse father is a dctr is my classmate.
⑤ 只用 that 的情况：先行词是 all, everything, nthing, smething, anything, little, few, much, the nly, the very, the same, 序数词+名词，形容词最高级+名词，既有人又有物时。
⑥ 只用 which 的情况：非限制性定语从句，或关系代词前有介词时。
考点二：关系副词 (when, where, why)
① when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，相当于 at/in/n which
I still remember the day when I first met her.
② where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语，相当于 in/at which
This is the schl where I studied fr three years.
③ why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语，相当于 fr which
Can yu explain the reasn why he was late?
考点三：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
① 限制性定语从句：与先行词关系密切，不可用逗号隔开，省略后主句意义不完整。关系代词作宾语时可省略。
② 非限制性定语从句：与先行词关系松散，用逗号隔开，补充说明先行词，不能省略。不能用 that 引导，关系代词不能省略。
My father, wh is a dctr, wrks very hard.
考点四：介词 + 关系代词
① 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词可提前到关系代词前
This is the huse in which I lived last year.
② 介词的选择取决于从句中的动词搭配或先行词的搭配
The man with whm yu talked is my teacher.
③ 关系代词只能用 which/whm，不能用 that/wh
考点一 关系代词（wh, whm, which, that, whse）（共16题）
1. (指人，作主语) The by ______ is standing there is my brther.
A. wh B. whm C. whse D. which
2. (指人，作宾语) The girl ______ yu met yesterday is my cusin.
A. which B. whse C. whm D. when
3. (指物，作主语) I like the bk ______ was written by Lu Xun.
A. wh B. which C. whm D. where
4. (指物，作宾语) The bike ______ my father bught me is very nice.
A. wh B. whm C. which D. whse
5. (whse) D yu knw the man ______ daughter is a famus singer?
A. wh B. whm C. which D. whse
6. (whse指物) I live in a rm ______ windw faces suth.
A. which B. that C. whse D. whm
7. (只用that的情况) All ______ can be dne has been dne.
A. which B. that C. wh D. what
8. (只用that) This is the best film ______ I have ever seen.
A. which B. that C. what D. whm
9. (只用that) The first thing ______ we shuld d is t help him.
A. which B. that C. what D. wh
10. (只用that) I have read all the bks ______ yu gave me.
A. which B. that C. what D. wh
11. (只用which) He failed in the exam, ______ made his father angry.
A. that B. which C. what D. wh
12. (介词+关系代词) This is the huse ______ I lived last year.
A. in that B. in which C. in where D. which
13. (关系代词作宾语可省略) The man ______ yu saw just nw is my uncle.
A. wh B. whm C. that D. all f the abve (可省略)
14. (指人, 作主语) The wman ______ is wearing a red dress is my mther.
A. which B. wh C. whm D. whse
15. (which指物) The bk ______ cver is red is mine.
A. which B. that C. whse D. f which
16. (只用that) The nly thing ______ I want t d is t have a rest.
A. which B. that C. what D. wh
考点二 关系副词 (when, where, why)（共10题）
17. (when) I still remember the day ______ I jined the army.
A. which B. when C. where D. why
18. (where) This is the village ______ I was brn.
A. which B. when C. where D. that
19. (why) D yu knw the reasn ______ he was late?
A. which B. when C. where D. why
20. (when = at which) I'll never frget the day ______ we spent tgether.
A. when B. which C. where D. n which
21. (where = in which) This is the rm ______ we had the meeting.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
22. (when与that/which区别) I will never frget the days ______ I spent in the cuntryside.
A. when B. which C. where D. n which
23. (where与that/which区别) This is the factry ______ prduces cars.
A. where B. which C. in which D. when
24. (why = fr which) The reasn ______ he explained is nt true.
A. why B. that C. fr which D. when
25. (where) This is the library ______ I ften brrw bks.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
26. (when) The time ______ we met was 8 pm.
A. which B. when C. where D. at which
考点三 限制性 vs 非限制性定语从句（共6题）
27. (非限制性，指人) My father, ______ is a dctr, wrks hard.
A. wh B. whm C. which D. that
28. (非限制性，指物) The bk, ______ I bught yesterday, is very interesting.
A. that B. which C. wh D. when
29. (非限制性，不能用that) I have tw sisters, ______ are bth teachers.
A. wh B. whm C. which D. that
30. (限制性与非限制性区别) His brther, ______ is 18 years ld, is a cllege student.
A. wh B. whm C. which D. that
31. (非限制性，修饰整个主句) He passed the exam, ______ made us happy.
A. that B. which C. wh D. what
32. (非限制性，介词+关系代词) The man, ______ I talked just nw, is my teacher.
A. with whm B. with wh C. with that D. which
考点四 介词+关系代词（共6题）
33. (介词+whm) The persn ______ I spke just nw is my bss.
A. t wh B. t whm C. t that D. which
34. (介词+which) The pencil ______ he wrte is mine.
A. with which B. with that C. by which D. in which
35. (介词+which) This is the huse ______ Lu Xun nce lived.
A. which B. in which C. in that D. where
36. (介词+which) The reasn ______ he was late is that he gt up late.
A. fr which B. which C. fr that D. why
37. (介词+whm) D yu knw the girl ______ ur teacher is talking?
A. wh B. with wh C. with whm D. whm
38. (介词+which) The farm ______ we wrked last year is beautiful.
A. which B. n which C. n that D. where
语法填空·定语从句综合（共6题）
39. The by ______ (wh) is reading a bk is my brther.
40. This is the best film ______ (that) I have ever seen.
41. I still remember the day ______ (when) I first came t this schl.
42. The man ______ (whm) yu met yesterday is my English teacher.
43. This is the huse ______ (whse) windws are brken.
44. He failed the exam, ______ (which) made his parents disappinted.
单句改错·定语从句易错点（共6题）
45. The man which is standing there is my uncle.
改正：________________________
46. This is the bk which I bught it yesterday.
改正：________________________
47. I'll never frget the day when we spent tgether.
改正：________________________
48. This is the factry where prduces cars.
改正：________________________
49. The reasn why he explained is nt true.
改正：________________________
50. My father, that is a dctr, wrks hard.
改正：________________________
【参考答案】
考点一（1-16）：1-5 A C B C D 6-10 C B B B B 11-15 B B D B C 16 B
考点二（17-26）：17-20 B C D B 21-25 A B B B B 26 B
考点三（27-32）：27-30 A B A A 31-32 B A
考点四（33-38）：33-38 B A B A C B
语法填空（39-44）：39. wh/that 40. that 41. when/n which 42. whm/wh/that 43. whse 44. which
改错（45-50）：45. which→wh/that 46. 去掉it 47. when→that/which 或去掉 48. where→that/which 或 where前加 that 49. why→that/which 或去掉 50. that→wh
教学建议
1. 按考点分层教学：将定语从句分为四个考点。建议考点一（关系代词）用2课时，重点讲解 wh/whm/whse/which/that 的区别，以及只用 that/which 的特殊情况；考点二（关系副词）用1课时，对比关系副词与关系代词的用法；考点三（限制性 vs 非限制性）用1课时，强调非限制性不能用 that，关系词不能省略；考点四（介词+关系代词）用1课时，讲解介词选择技巧。
2. 对比教学：设计表格对比关系代词与关系副词的用法（先行词是时间/地点/原因时，看从句缺不缺成分）；对比 that 与 which 的特殊用法；对比限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的标点符号和含义区别。
3. 口诀记忆：“人用 wh/that 物用 which/that，whse 表所属要记牢；时间 when 地点 where 原因 why，介词提前 which/whm 不可少；限制定从不加逗号，非限 which 逗号隔开好；that 用法要记清，最高级序数 nly 不能少，不定代词 all 等后 that 跑不了。”
4. 典型例句背诵：让学生背诵每个考点的经典例句，形成语感。
5. 错题本记录：要求学生将错题按考点记录，尤其注意关系词的选择依据（从句缺什么成分），以及 that 与 which 的混用错误。
亲爱的同学，定语从句是英语句子的“骨架”之一，掌握好它，你的阅读和写作能力将大幅提升！坚持练习，细心总结，你一定能攻克这个专题！中考在即，愿你从容应对，金榜题名！