中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十二：if ·wish基础用法专项训练

这是一份中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十二：if ·wish基础用法专项训练，共7页。
2026 届中考英语二轮专题复习·讲练测（初中范围）
专题十二：虚拟语气（if虚拟条件句·wish用法）
考情分析·近三年命题趋势
① if虚拟条件句（与现在/将来事实相反，if从句用一般过去时，主句用wuld+动词原形）；② wish后的宾语从句（表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句用一般过去时）。本专题严格依据初中课程标准，不涉及与过去相反的虚拟（had dne）等超纲内容。
考点一：if虚拟条件句（与现在/将来事实相反）
方法点拨：
① 表示与现在事实相反：if从句用一般过去时（be动词用were），主句用 wuld/culd/might + 动词原形。
② 表示与将来事实相反：if从句用一般过去时（或 were t d / shuld d，初中主要掌握一般过去时），主句用 wuld/culd/might + 动词原形。
✅ 示例：If I were yu, I wuld study harder.（我要是你，我会更努力学习。）
✅ 示例：If it rained tmrrw, we wuld stay at hme.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）
注意：if从句中不能用wuld，主句中不能用过去时。
基础巩固（if虚拟条件句）
1. If I ______ yu, I wuld take an umbrella.
A. am B. was C. were D. be
2. If he ______ mre time, he wuld travel arund the wrld.
A. has B. had C. have D. will have
3. If it ______ tmrrw, we wuld stay at hme.
A. rain B. rained C. will rain D. is raining
4. What ______ yu d if yu ______ a millinaire?
A. will; are B. wuld; were C. wuld; are D. will; were
5. If she ______ here, she wuld help us.
A. is B. was C. were D. be
6. They ______ happy if they had mre friends.
A. wuld be B. will be C. are D. were
7. If he ______ tmrrw, I wuld tell him the truth.
A. cmes B. came C. will cme D. is cming
8. I wuld buy a car if I ______ enugh mney.
A. have B. had C. wuld have D. have had
能力提升（if虚拟条件句）
9. If yu tried again, yu ______ succeed.
A. can B. culd C. will D. may
10. If he ______ s fast, he wuldn't be s tired.
A. desn't drive B. didn't drive C. wn't drive D. hasn't driven
11. If I ______ the answer, I wuld tell yu.
A. knw B. knew C. have knwn D. will knw
12. What wuld yu d if yu ______ a lttery?
A. win B. wn C. will win D. have wn
13. If she knew the truth, she ______ cry.
A. wuld nt B. will nt C. did nt D. has nt
14. If I ______ a bird, I ______ fly t yu.
A. am; will B. were; wuld C. was; wuld D. were; will
考点二：wish后的宾语从句（与现在事实相反）
方法点拨：wish 后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反的愿望时，从句用一般过去时（be动词用were）。
✅ 示例：I wish I were a bird.（我希望我是一只鸟。）
✅ 示例：She wishes she had mre mney.（她希望她有更多钱。）
注意：wish不能直接跟名词作宾语，要用fr；但此处只考查从句。
基础巩固（wish从句）
15. I wish I ______ a bird.
A. am B. was C. were D. be
16. She wishes she ______ taller.
A. is B. was C. were D. be
17. I wish I ______ able t speak English fluently.
A. am B. were C. was D. will be
18. He wishes he ______ mre time t read.
A. has B. had C. have D. wuld have
19. I wish it ______ summer nw.
A. is B. were C. was D. will be
能力提升（wish从句）
20. They wish they ______ yunger.
A. are B. were C. was D. had been
21. I wish I ______ what t d.
A. knw B. knew C. have knwn D. will knw
22. She wishes she ______ in the same city as her parents.
A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. is living
考点三：含蓄条件句（with/withut/therwise）
方法点拨：有时虚拟条件不是用if从句表达，而是用介词短语（with/withut）或副词（therwise）暗示。此时主句仍用虚拟语气（wuld + 动词原形）。
✅ 示例：Withut yur help, I wuld nt finish the wrk.（如果没有你的帮助，我完不成工作。）
✅ 示例：I was busy, therwise I wuld g with yu.（我当时忙，否则就和你去了。）
基础巩固（含蓄条件）
23. ______ yur help, I wuldn't finish the wrk n time.
A. With B. Withut C. Under D. Fr
24. Withut water, there ______ n life.
A. is B. wuld be C. will be D. was
25. With better equipment, we ______ d the jb better.
A. can B. culd C. will D. wuld
26. I was busy yesterday; therwise I ______ t the party.
A. went B. wuld g C. wuld have gne D. had gne
能力提升（含蓄条件）
27. Withut electricity, life ______ quite different.
A. is B. will be C. wuld be D. was
28. With mre practice, yu ______ speak English better.
A. can B. culd C. will D. wuld
考点四：综合运用·语法填空
解题技巧：先判断是否是虚拟语气（根据句意和标志词if/wish/withut等），再确定从句和主句的动词形式。注意be动词在虚拟语气中用were。
29. If I ______ (be) yu, I wuld take that jb.
30. I wish I ______ (can) fly t the mn ne day.
31. Withut yur help, I ______ (nt finish) the wrk n time.
32. If it ______ (nt rain) tmrrw, we wuld g hiking.
33. She wishes she ______ (have) a bigger huse.
34. If he ______ (knw) her number, he wuld call her.
35. With mre time, they ______ (d) better in the exam.
36. I wish I ______ (be) taller.
考点五：单句改错·易错点专练
37. If I was yu, I wuld study harder.
改正：________________________
38. I wish I can fly.
改正：________________________
39. Withut water, there will be n life.
改正：________________________
40. If he has enugh mney, he wuld buy a car.
改正：________________________
41. She wishes she is a bird.
改正：________________________
42. If it wuld rain tmrrw, we wuld stay at hme.
改正：________________________
43. I wuld help yu if I have time.
改正：________________________
参考答案
考点一（1-14）：1-5 C B B B C 6-10 A B B B B 11-14 B B A B
考点二（15-22）：15-18 C C B B 19-22 B B B B
考点三（23-28）：23-26 B B B B 27-28 C B
语法填空（29-36）：29. were 30. culd 31. wuldn't finish 32. didn't rain 33. had 34. knew 35. wuld d 36. were
改错（37-43）：37. was→were 38. can→culd 39. will→wuld 40. has→had 41. is→were 42. 去掉wuld或改为rained 43. have→had
教学建议·基础篇突破策略
1. 紧扣课标，不超纲：本专题只涉及初中常见的虚拟语气用法，教学时不要拓展到与过去相反的复杂时态（had dne），重点让学生掌握 if 从句用过去时（be动词用 were），主句用 wuld + 动词原形的基本结构。
2. 对比真实条件句：将虚拟条件句与真实条件句（if + 一般现在时，主句一般将来时）对比教学，让学生清楚区分。例如：If it rains tmrrw, we will stay at hme.（真实可能）vs If it rained tmrrw, we wuld stay at hme.（虚拟，不太可能）
3. 固定句式记忆：“If I were yu, I wuld...” 和 “I wish I were...” 是初中最常考的固定句式，要求学生熟练背诵并运用。
4. 含蓄条件句：withut/with 短语表条件也是常考点，可通过例句让学生理解其相当于 if 从句。
5. 错题本记录：提醒学生注意 be 动词在虚拟语气中一律用 were，以及 wuld 后接动词原形，if 从句中不能用 wuld。
亲爱的同学，虚拟语气虽然表达的是“非真实”的情况，但掌握了基本规律，你会发现它并不难。熟记“If I were yu”和“I wish I were”这两个黄金句型，中考遇到它们就能轻松拿分！加油！