高考英语二轮-阅读理解推理判断（4大易错点+易错闯关训练）（全国通用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-阅读理解推理判断（4大易错点+易错闯关训练）（全国通用）（教师版），共28页。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc6719" 第一部分 易错点剖析 PAGEREF _Tc6719 \h 1
易错典题 避错攻略 举一反三
\l "_Tc403" 易错01 推断观点态度：主观臆断忽略特定动词或形容词 PAGEREF _Tc403 \h 1
易错02 推断写作意图：忽略文章结构和关键词4
\l "_Tc11528" 易错03 推断文章出处：忽略文章首尾段关键信息7
\l "_Tc8651" 易错04 推断隐含意义：不能提炼当事人言外之意10
\l "_Tc11195" 第二部分 易错点闯关13
易错01 推断观点态度：主观臆断忽略特定动词或形容词
易错典题
【例1】(2024全国甲卷阅读理解C篇第31题)
Dctrs see up t 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allws fr basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned,” says Ducke.“They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want.”
31. What is Ducke's attitude tward the Saint Lukas' services?
A. Appreciative. B. Dubtful. C. Ambiguus. D. Cautius.
【答案】A
【解析】第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Ducke's attitude tward the Saint Lukas' services。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned”以及“They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want.”。根据段中杜克所说的话中的“very impressed”“staying fcused and very cncerned”和“the best chance”等可知，他对该列车的服务持赞赏的态度。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。[答案] A
避错攻略
【干货必记】态度推断题易错点拨
此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的观点、态度或看法或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。观点和态度一般分为三大类：①支持、赞同、乐观；②客观、中立、公正；③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。在推断过程中，考生应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。
【错因分析】
1. 选项中的观点态度类词意辨析不清；
2. 原文中表达作者观点、态度的形容词和副词词义；
3. 未能从所列举的例子中理解作者真正表达的意思。
举一反三
1.（25-26高三上·河北衡水·期末）Given its ptential benefits and significant risks, slar geengineering requires cautius evaluatin. Gvernments, scientists, and glbal rganizatins shuld cperate t cnduct thrugh research, assess its lng-term impacts, and establish strict regulatry framewrks befre any large-scale implementatin.
1．What’s the authr’s attitude t dimming the Sun?
A．Supprtive. B．Oppsed. C．Objective.D．Dubtful.
【答案】C
【详解】推理判断题。最后一段作者总结道“Given its ptential benefits and significant risks, slar geengineering requires cautius evaluatin. (鉴于其潜在的好处和重大风险，太阳地球工程需要谨慎评估)”，并建议进行深入研究、评估和建立监管框架。全文没有表现出明显的个人支持或反对倾向，而是平衡地呈现了问题的两面性，并提出了审慎的建议。因此，作者的态度是客观的。故选C项。
【易错点拨】部分考生只看到Given its ptential benefits and significant risks就盲目臆断选择A项；也有学生看到Gvernments, scientists, and glbal rganizatins shuld cperate t cnduct thrugh research, assess its lng-term impacts, and establish strict regulatry framewrks befre any large-scale implementatin就选择D项。
2.（2026·贵州遵义·二模）Dark chclate, which has mre cca, is ften advertised as healthier and even as a health-bster, which can weaken all kinds f prblems, frm high bld pressure t depressin, while imprving mental sharpness. Many studies, ften paid fr by chclate manufacturers, suggest this may be true.
Regrettably, the best research disprves the idea. Dark chclate’s claimed benefits are due t cmpunds called flavanls (黄烷醇), which are particularly abundant in cca. In cntrlled trials, researchers have lked at the health effects f capsules cntaining flavanls, as well as f cnsuming flavanl-rich fds such as cca prducts, cffee and berries. Sme trials have fund beneficial effects, fr example n bld pressure. But these trials typically last just a few weeks, s they may nt reflect the cnsequences f sustained cnsumptin.
2．What is the authr’s attitude twards the claimed benefits f dark chclate?
A．Supprtive.B．Ambiguus.C．Skeptical.D．Indifferent.
【答案】C
【详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Regrettably, the best research disprves the idea.(遗憾的是，最权威的研究反驳了这一观点)”以及最后一段“Sadly fr chclate, the health claims fr dark chclate cme frm wishful thinking and tricky marketing, nt the findings f science.(对巧克力来说不幸的是，黑巧克力的健康宣称来自一厢情愿的想法和巧妙的营销，而非科学发现)”可知，作者对黑巧克力所宣称的益处持怀疑态度。故选C项。
【易错点拨】部分考生定位不准，只看到Dark chclate, which has mre cca, is ften advertised as healthier and even as a health-bster, which can weaken all kinds f prblems, frm high bld pressure t depressin, while imprving mental sharpness就选择A项，认为作者态度是支持的。其实第二段才是关键，读完可知，作者对黑巧克力所宣称的益处持怀疑态度。
3.（25-26河南青桐鸣联考高三1月联考）I penly acknwledge the imperfectins f the medical prfessin, including ccasinal instances f vercnfidence, insensitivity and human errr. Hwever, tday’s dctrs — especially yunger generatins — bring greater awareness f diverse patient needs, strng cmmunicatin abilities and a genuine cmmitment t using AI t imprve care quality. The path frward desn’t lie in replacing dctrs with AI, but in building gd teamwrk between the tw. Blease’s call fr full dctr replacement is shrtsighted. True healthcare prgress depends n using AI t bst, nt replace, the human kindness, clinical skills, knwledge, and cntextual understanding — the qualities that define effective, patient-centered medicine.
3．What is the authr’s attitude tward Blease’s cre argument?
A．Fully supprtive.B．Strngly critical.
C．Mildly dubtful.D．Ttally indifferent.
【答案】B
【详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“While I fully acknwledge AI as a valuable innvative tl that can imprve medical efficiency, the bk’s cre argument that AI shuld cmpletely replace dctrs made me speechless. (虽然我完全承认人工智能是一种可以提高医疗效率的宝贵创新工具，但这本书中人工智能应该完全取代医生的核心论点让我无言以对)”以及最后一段中“Blease’s call fr full dctr replacement is shrtsighted. (布莱斯呼吁用人工智能完全取代医生的想法是目光短浅的)”可知，作者对布莱斯的核心论点持强烈批判态度。故选B。
【易错点拨】部分考生忽略了Hwever, tday’s dctrs — especially yunger generatins — bring greater awareness f diverse patient needs, strng cmmunicatin abilities and a genuine cmmitment t using AI 和Blease’s call fr full dctr replacement is shrtsighted就选择C项。其实作者对布莱斯的核心论点持强烈批判态度。
易错02 推断写作意图：忽略文章结构和关键词
易错典题
【例2】(2024新课标II卷阅读理解D篇)
Given the astnishing ptential f AI t transfrm ur lives, we all need t take actin t deal with ur AI-pwered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence cmes in. This absrbing new bk by Catrina Campbell is a practical radmap addressing the challenges psed by the frthcming AI revlutin (变革).
In the wrng hands, such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde (代码)that pwers AI...
As we sn cme t learn frm AI by Design，...
AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it.
35．What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A．T recmmend a bk n AI.
B．T give a brief accunt f AI histry.
C．T clarify the definitin f AI.
D．T hnr an utstanding AI expert.
【答案】A
【解析】第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词the authr's purpse in writing the text。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文最后一段：AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it.。本文是一篇说明文，结合首段和尾段可知，文章主要给读者推荐了卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔的一本关于人工智能的书。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
避错攻略
【干货必记】写作意图题易错点拨
考生应根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图和写作手法。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这就要求考生不但要理解文章的主旨大意，而且要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。如，广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务：吸引更多的游客﹑读者或订户﹑观众等。议论文是为了说服读者接受或赞同某一观点。
举一反三
1. （25-26高三上·陕西榆林·期末）“Outdr play is essential fr children’s grwth and develpment. We need t take effective steps t encurage utdr activities and ensure children lead healthy and active lives. Simple measures, such as creating play-friendly residential areas and safer urban envirnments where families can relax, exercise, scialize, and play, can make a significant difference. But it’s imprtant t remember cultural differences and engage with cmmunities t make these initiatives successful,” the lead researcher, Dr. Mark Fergusn, said.
1．What is the main purpse f Dr. Mark Fergusn’s wrds?
A．T encurage peple t g utside mre frequently.
B．T emphasize the benefits f utdr play fr children.
C．T prvide tips fr prmting children’s utdr activities.
D．T call n peple t take actin t prtect children’s safety.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据 ““Outdr play is essential fr children’s grwth and develpment. We need t take effective steps t encurage utdr activities and ensure children lead healthy and active lives. Simple measures, such as creating play-friendly residential areas and safer urban envirnments where families can relax, exercise, scialize, and play, can make a significant difference. But it’s imprtant t remember cultural differences and engage with cmmunities t make these initiatives successful,” the lead researcher, Dr. Mark Fergusn, said.(首席研究员Mark Fergusn博士说：“户外活动对儿童的成长和发展至关重要。我们需要采取有效措施鼓励户外活动，确保儿童过上健康积极的生活。一些简单的措施，比如打造适合玩耍的住宅区和更安全的城市环境，让家庭可以在那里放松、锻炼、社交和玩耍，就能产生显著的影响。但重要的是要记住文化差异，并与社区合作，让这些举措取得成功。”)”可知，Dr. Mark Fergusn的话主要是为了提出促进儿童户外活动的建议，如营造友好的玩耍环境和考虑文化差异等。故选C项。
2. （2026·重庆沙坪坝·一模）Imagine dining at yur favrite restaurant, seated at the best table — next t a windw with great views. It is nice and quiet, but the jy experienced during the first hur fades ver time. The reasn?Habituatin. That’s ur brain’s tendency t respnd less and less t things that are cnstant, that dn’t change. Briefly mving t a nisier area can bring abut dishabituatin, making the luxury f yur windw seat feel fresh and mre appreciated when yu return.
2．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T explain hw t avid habituatin in daily life.
B．T intrduce the cncept f habituatin and its influences.
C．T cmpare peple’s reactins t pleasant and unpleasant things.
D．T present research findings n hliday and wrk experience.
【答案】B
【详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“That’s ur brain’s tendency t respnd less and less t things that are cnstant, that dn’t change. Briefly mving t a nisier area can bring abut dishabituatin, making the luxury f yur windw seat feel fresh and mre appreciated when yu return.(这是我们大脑对恒定不变的事物反应越来越少的倾向。短暂地搬到一个更嘈杂的地方会引起去习惯化，当你回来时，窗边的座位会让你感到新鲜和更受欣赏。)”可知，文章主要介绍了“习惯化”这一概念，并通过举例和实验研究阐述了它对人们感受的影响，这也是文章的目的。故选B。
3. （2026·贵州·模拟预测）At 102 years ld, the American neurlgist has lived a life s extrardinary that it earned him a Guinness Wrld Recrd as the ldest practicing dctr. Thugh he fficially hung up his white cat at 100, Hward Tucker remains as active and engaged as ever.
Tday, he lectures future physicians at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohi, and cnsults n medic-legal cases. “Retirement, I think, is the enemy f lngevity,” Dr. Tucker recently tld Tday. “Yu have t have sme purpse in life and get up in the mrning and knw what yu’re abut.”
Even after the hspital where he wrked shut its drs in 2022, ending his medical practice at 100, it hasn’t prevented Tucker frm returning t clinical wrk. “If it wasn’t fr the clsure, I’d abslutely still be seeing patients,” he tld Peple. “Nbdy wants me at my age—but I’ll keep trying.”
His enthusiasm fr life has captured the public imaginatin, especially thrugh What’s Next, a dcumentary abut his life prduced by his grandsn. Dr. Tucker credits his lngevity nt just t gd genes—his parents lived t 84 and 96—but t lifestyle chices. “Heredity and family histry f lngevity is a healthy start,” he said. “Hwever, it must be supprted by mderatin f nutritin, alchl and happiness.” His daily rutine reflects that philsphy. He snwshes in the winter, walks n the running machine fr at least fur kilmetres a day, and eats a mstly clean diet. Dr. Tucker als says it’s imprtant t keep the brain stimulated. “If they retire frm their wrk, they shuld at least d smething as a hbby,” he tld Tday. “Yu need a stimulus fr the brain daily.”
Fr a man wh’s devted his life t healing thers, Dr. Hward Tucker’s greatest lessn might be hw t truly live.
3．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T encurage delayed retirement.B．T shw the secret f lng career.
C．T share a dctr’s life philsphy.D．T enhance public health awareness.
【答案】C
【详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fr a man wh’s devted his life t healing thers, Dr. Hward Tucker’s greatest lessn might be hw t truly live.(对于一位毕生致力于帮助他人的医生而言，霍华德·塔克医生所领悟到的最重要的人生哲理或许就是如何真正地生活。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了分享一位医生的人生哲学。故选C。
易错03 推断文章出处：忽略文章首尾段关键信息
易错典题
【例3】(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读C片段)
Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject—the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld.The image f the reader appears thrughut histry, in art made lng befre bks as we nw knw them came int being. In artists' representatins f bks and reading, we see mments f shared humanity that g beynd culture and time.
In this “bk f bks,” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. Adults are prtrayed (描绘) alne in many settings and pses—absrbed in a vlume, deep in thught r lst in a mment f leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate t.
28．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．An intrductin t a bk.
B．An essay n the art f writing.
C．A guidebk t a museum.
D．A review f mdern paintings.
【答案】A
【解析】第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Where和taken frm。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文第一段第一句：“Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject—the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld.”和第二段第一句。根据以上信息可推知，文章介绍了一本书，最有可能出自一本书的序言。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
避错攻略
【干货必记】文章出处题易错点拨
读者需要具备一定的生活常识，对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、小说、广告、说明书、旅游指南等有基本的了解，才能根据文章的特点对号入座，选出正确的答案。有时命题者为了增加试题的难度，特殊的格式或日期可能不出现，这时需要根据文章的题材内容进行推断。如，发布新闻，最可能是出现在报纸上；如果是科普读物，可能是出自科普杂志上。
举一反三
1.（25-26高三上·山西太原·月考）As hurtful as it can be fr a friend r partner t put us dwn, it is far wrse when we find a critic in ur wn head that keeps criticizing and dubting urselves. T break free frm the self-criticism, and achieve inner peace and self-acceptance, an extremely imprtant step is t understand the three “parts” f us: the inner critic, the inner victim and the inner bserver.
The inner critic sits deeply within ur sense f urselves. ...
On the ther hand, the inner bserver is a kind f self-awareness. ...
Having recgnized the dynamics amng the three “parts” f us, we can start t break free frm self-criticism. First, reflect n why the child-self s ften feels bad in the upsetting present-day situatins. Then, respnd t the child-self’s pain with sympathy and cmpassin. Once the child-self’s pain is addressed, we are able t questin r even free urselves frm self-criticism. Thugh it may be a lng prcess frm self-criticism t self-acceptance, in the end, we can find greater inner peace and build a happier relatinship with urselves.
T learn mre abut hw t cmfrt the child-self, let’s watch this brief vide, Healing Yur Inner Child, nw.
1．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．A textbk.B．A psychlgy lecture.
C．An advertisement.D．An intrductin t a vide.
【解析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“T break free frm the self-criticism, and achieve inner peace and self-acceptance, an extremely imprtant step is t understand the three “parts” f us: the inner critic, the inner victim and the inner bserver.(要摆脱自我批评，实现内心的平静和自我接纳，一个极其重要的步骤是了解我们的三个“部分”：内心批判者、内心受害者和内心观察者。)”以及最后一段中“T learn mre abut hw t cmfrt the child-self, let’s watch this brief vide, Healing Yur Inner Child, nw.(要了解更多关于如何安慰孩子的自我，让我们现在观看这个简短的视频《治愈你的内在孩子》。)”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自心理学讲座。故选B。
2. （25-26高三上·山西太原·期末）As a writer specializing in psychlgy and human cgnitin (认知) ,I’ve explred cuntless tricks t bst brainpwer. Yet, few have prven as surprisingly effective as the ancient practice f illeism. Pliticians ften use this device t sund mre bjective, as Julius Caesar did in his accunt f the Gallic War, writing “Caesar avenged (为……报仇) the public” instead f “I avenged the public.” Simply put, illeism is the act f referring t neself in the third persn instead f the first persn.
Talking abut yurself this way might sund verly frmal r unusual t mdern ears, but science says it wrks wnders. When tugh decisins cme kncking, speaking in the third persn can help yu stay calm, cutting thrugh thse messy emtins that ften clud ur judgment. It’s like giving yur brain a little space t see the big picture.
Research by Igr Grssmann at the University f Waterl shws that we’re naturally better at being “wise” when dealing with ther peple’s prblems than ur wn. This is knwn as Slmn’s Paradx (悖论), which explains why giving yur best friend advice is a breeze (微风), but slving yur wn is a drama.
Can illeism help slve this paradx? Grssmann’s research suggests it can. By shifting t the third persn, we step back frm ur negative emtins and gain anther perspective. Studies shw that peple wh tried this displayed mre mdesty — basically, they made clearer decisins and leveled up their wisdm game. One study even fund that participants wh jurnaled in the third persn fr a mnth started seeing everyday situatins in a whle new light. They als reprted feeling less stressed and mre psitive.
I’ve tried it myself, and hnestly, it wrks! Whether it’s challenging wrk decisins, family dilemmas, r handling friendships, this little mental shift has helped me see things mre clearly and act mre thughtfully. Sure, it might sund a little dd at first, but it’s incredibly effective. If yu’ re lking fr a fun, easy way t clear yur head, why nt give it a sht? Wh knws— yu might just discver yur inner Caesar.
2．Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A．A psychlgy blg.B．A histrical bigraphy.
C．A self-help guide.D．A scientific jurnal.
【解析】推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了illeism（用第三人称指代自己）这一做法在心理学和认知领域的应用和效果，说明其有助于人们在面临决策时保持冷静，避开杂乱情绪对判断的干扰。由此推断出这篇文章很可能来自一个心理学博客。故选A。
3. （24-25高三上·广西河池·期末）Pat the Bunny the 1940 classic tuch-and-feel bk, is still in print, which shws the value f tuch in helping babies and yung children get int the wrld f reading.
Later, when children reach schl age, a cmmn technique fr teaching the alphabet (字母表) is using hands-n handling, such as frming letters ut f clay. But as these students get lder, the rle f tuch reduces, which is bad fr the students. Tday’s reading assignments are heavily digital, and use f cmputer keybards fr writing shws n sign f decreasing, especially given the appeal f AI tls fr editing and cmpsing.
I’m a linguist (语言学家) wh investigates the differences between print and digital reading and hw writing supprts thinking. My clleague Anne Mangen and I asked mre than 500 secndary students at an internatinal schl in Amsterdam abut their experiences when reading print versus digital texts. Separately, I surveyed 100 university students and yung adults in the US and Eurpe n their likes and dislikes abut handwriting versus typing.
Tgether, their respnses demnstrate that teenagers and yung adults cntinue t value tuch in their encunters with the written wrd. The research ffers imprtant lessns fr educatrs and parents.
In the studies, students wrte enthusiastically abut tuch when asked fr the ne thing they liked mst abut reading in print r writing by hand. On a physical level, the feeling f hlding a bk r writing instrument in their hands mattered t students. These are sme f their bservatins: “Yu actually feel like yu are reading because the bk is in yur hands,” and “I like feeling the paper and pen under my hands, being able t physically frm wrds.”
What students say abut the imprtance f tuch mirrrs what researchers have fund: Tuch is an effective way t build early reading and writing skills, as well as t supprt hw mre develped readers and writers interact with the written wrd. Psychlgists and reading specialists cntinue t reprt higher cmprehensin in children and yung adults when reading in print versus digitally, fr bth academic and leisure reading.
3．Where can we read the text?
A．In a bk review.B．In a guidebk.
C．In a science magazine.D．In a dictinary.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Pat the Bunny the 1940 classic tuch-and-feel bk, is still in print, which shws the value f tuch in helping babies and yung children get int the wrld f reading. (Pat the Bunny是1940年的经典触觉书，至今仍在印刷中，它展示了触摸在帮助婴儿和幼儿进入阅读世界中的价值。)”以及根据最后一段“What students say abut the imprtance f tuch mirrrs what researchers have fund: Tuch is an effective way t build early reading and writing skills, as well as t supprt hw mre develped readers and writers interact with the written wrd. (学生们所说的触摸的重要性反映了研究人员的发现：触摸是建立早期阅读和写作技能的有效方法，同时也支持更成熟的读者和作家如何与书面文字互动。)”可知，文章主要介绍了触摸在阅读和写作中的重要性，包括早期教育、学生的感受和研究发现等。所以短文来自科学杂志。故选C项。
易错04 推断隐含意义：不能提炼言外之意
易错典题
【例4】(2024新课标II卷第30题)
We all knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce at the stre went thrugh weeks f travel and cvered hundreds f miles befre reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm(BMF) shrtens it even mre.
BMF is an indr garden system. It can be set up fr a family. Additinally, it culd serve a larger audience such as a hspital, restaurant r schl. The innvative design requires little effrt t achieve a reliable weekly supply f fresh greens.
...
Mrever, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zer emissins(排放) frm transprting plants frm sil t salad. In additin, there’s n need fr pesticides and ther chemicals that pllute traditinal farms and the surrunding envirnment.
BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic.“We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee.
30. What can be cncluded abut BMF emplyees?
A. They have a great passin fr sprts.
B. They are devted t cmmunity service.
C. They are fnd f sharing daily experiences.
D. They have a strng envirnmental awareness.
【解析】第一步：浏览题干，找到关键词。关键词: What, cncluded,BMF emplyees。
第二步：根据关键词，定位信息。定位原文信息: 根据题干信息锁定到文本的最后一段。根据最后一段“BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives.”及“We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment...”可推知员工具有强烈的环保意识。
第三步：比对选项得出答案D。
【干货必记】隐含推断题易错点拨
隐含推断题主要考查考生对特定信息、全篇、全段或上下文逻辑关系的判断，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。一般题干主要包括六个动词：infer (推断)、indicate (象征；暗示)、imply (暗示)、suggest (暗示)、cnclude (得出结论)、assume (假定；设想)。
举一反三
1.（25-26高三上·广东肇庆·期末） Mr Wratten, wh represents peple wh travel fr wrk, des nt murn (哀伤) the rad warrirs. He thinks that travel has becme mre purpseful and determined. Cmpanies have becme mre cncerned abut the health and happiness f their emplyees, and that cncern extends t travel. Mr Wratten ntes that firms increasingly tlerate r even encurage staff t take their partners n business trips. This wuld surely shck Vic Wilcx.
1．What can we infer frm Mr Wratten’s wrds?
A．Business travel will sn disappear.
B．Mdern business travel is mre human-centered.
C．Cmpanies used t ignre emplyees’ travel safety.
D．Vic Wilcx enjys taking his wife n business trips.
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr Wratten ntes that firms increasingly tlerate r even encurage staff t take their partners n business trips. This wuld surely shck Vic Wilcx. (Wratten先生指出，企业越来越容忍甚至鼓励员工带伴侣一同出差。这肯定会让Vic Wilcx感到大为震惊)”可知，现代企业更关注员工的健康与幸福，商务出行也更人性化。故选B项。
2.（25-26高三上·辽宁·期末）This year’s big winner was a 1,200-pund bear called “Chunk”. At the beginning f the summer, many peple were wrried abut Chunk, since he had a brken jaw — prbably frm a fight. But smehw Chunk managed t keep eating and putting n weight. Chunk’s ability t gain weight means mre than just winning the cntest — it’s a strng sign that he’ll be able t survive despite his brken jaw.
2．What did Chunk’s victry imply?
A．He was the mst adrable bear.
B．He weighed the mst in the cntest.
C．He was the heaviest bear ever recrded in the park.
D．He gained mst weight in spite f his brken jaw.
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“At the beginning f the summer, many peple were wrried abut Chunk, since he had a brken jaw — prbably frm a fight. But smehw Chunk managed t keep eating and putting n weight. Chunk’s ability t gain weight means mre than just winning the cntest — it’s a strng sign that he’ll be able t survive despite his brken jaw.(夏初时节，很多人都为Chunk捏了一把汗 —— 它的下颌受了伤，大概率是打架所致。但不知怎的，Chunk还是坚持进食、不断增重。它的增重能力，意义远不止赢得比赛那么简单，更是一个有力的信号：即便下颌带伤，它也能顺利熬过寒冬。)”可知，Chunk的胜利意味着它尽管下巴受伤，依然实现了大量增重。故选D项。
3.（25-26高三上·山东德州·月考）Tw psychlgists, Matthew McGlne and Jessica Tfighbakhsh, investigated this phenmenn. They presented their participants with a series f aphrisms — sme are rhymed; thers nt. They discvered that nt nly did participants aesthetically (审美上) prefer the rhymed sentences, but they mre ften cnsidered them mre accurate. Despite participants agreeing that aesthetic qualities dn’t represent truth, they culdn’t avid their wn prejudice. This led the team t remember the pet Jhn Keats’ line: “Beauty is truth; truth beauty.”
3．What can be cncluded frm Matthew and Jessica’s findings?
A．Aesthetic qualities help clarify the fact.
B．Peple tend t ignre precisin in rhymes.
C．Rhymed sentences are usually less trustwrthy.
D．Aesthetic qualities likely cnflict with peple’s judgments.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第三、四句“They discvered that nt nly did participants aesthetically (审美上) prefer the rhymed sentences, but they mre ften cnsidered them mre accurate. Despite participants agreeing that aesthetic qualities dn’t represent truth, they culdn’t avid their wn prejudice. (他们发现，参与者不仅在审美上更喜欢押韵的句子，而且更频繁地认为这些句子更准确。尽管参与者同意审美质量不代表真实，但他们无法避免自己的偏见)”可知，参与者意识到审美不代表真实，但仍会受审美的影响，从而做出非理性的判断。由此推知，审美质量可能与人们的判断冲突。故选D项。
01（25-26高三上·江苏苏州·期末）Fr decades, cmputer science students have been taught a central skill: using cmputers t slve prblems. In practice, that has meant prgramming r writing cde t tell a machine hw t perfrm tasks.
Nw, generative artificial intelligence tls like ChatGPT can write thse prgrams themselves, prducing cde in much the same way they write essays. A student can ask ChatGPT t write a prgram that srts a list f numbers and get a wrking answer in secnds. This new capability is transfrming hw cmputer scientists get wrk dne. Even nn-prgrammers suddenly have the ability t create their wn sftware tls.
This may feel like a threat t sme cders’ prfessin. It certainly marks a significant shift fr cmputer scientists and thse wh educate them. The future f cmputer science educatin is t teach students hw t master the skill f supervisin (监管). Why? Because the speed and efficiency f using AI t write cde is balanced by the reality that it ften gets things wrng. These tls are designed t prduce results that lk cnvincing, but they may still cntain errrs. There is still a need fr humans t play a rle in cding — a supervisry ne, in which prgrammers versee the use f AI tls, determine if AI-generated cde des what it is suppsed t d and make repairs t faulty cde.
But tday’s cmputer science educatin still fcuses n cding as the primary activity. And wrryingly, sme students are using AI tls t finish their assignments withut learning r understanding hw the cde actually wrks. Mst educatin desn’t yet emphasize the skills critical fr prgramming supervisin. New develpers with less than a year’s experience can actually be less efficient with AI tls than withut, because they are missing critical skills and knwledge needed t evaluate and crrect what the AI prduces.
The rise f generative AI shuld sharpen ur fcus n what truly matters in cmputer science educatin: helping students develp the habits f mind that let them questin, reasn and apply judgment in a rapidly develping field. As the AI pineer Herbert Simn nce advised: “Learning results frm what the student des and thinks, and nly frm what the student des and thinks.”
1．What can generative AI tls d in prgramming?
A．Teach students hw t cde.B．Prduce cde withut errrs.
C．Write prgrams fllwing instructins.D．Take the place f experienced cders.
2．The authr thinks cmputer science educatin shuld primarily develp students’ ability f ______.
A．supervising and crrecting AI-generated cde
B．prgramming r writing cde t perfrm tasks
C．cding r decding speedily and efficiently
D．understanding and using AI tls independently
3．Hw des the authr supprt his argument in paragraph 4?
A．By prviding statistics.B．By presenting facts.
C．By clarifying a cncept.D．By making a predictin.
4．What is the authr’s purpse in writing this text?
A．T criticize the traditinal teaching appraches.
B．T urge a change in cmputer science educatin.
C．T emphasize the imprtance f efficient learning.
D．T shw AI tls cannt replace human teachers.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了生成式人工智能根据指令编写代码这一能力，正在改变编程工作和计算机科学教育，指出未来的教育重点应转向培养学生监督、评估和修正人工智能生成的代码的能力，而非仅仅教授编码本身。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nw, generative artificial intelligence tls like ChatGPT can write thse prgrams themselves, prducing cde in much the same way they write essays. A student can ask ChatGPT t write a prgram that srts a list f numbers and get a wrking answer in secnds. (如今，像ChatGPT这样的生成式人工智能工具能够自行编写这些程序，其编写代码的方式与撰写文章的方式颇为相似。学生可以向ChatGPT请求编写一个能对一系列数字进行排序的程序，并且能在几秒钟内获得一个可用的解决方案。)”可知，生成式人工智能工具可以根据指令编写程序。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“There is still a need fr humans t play a rle in cding — a supervisry ne, in which prgrammers versee the use f AI tls, determine if AI-generated cde des what it is suppsed t d and make repairs t faulty cde. (人类在代码编写方面仍需发挥一定作用——一种监督性的作用，即程序员要监督人工智能工具的使用情况，判断人工智能生成的代码是否符合预期功能，并对出现错误的代码进行修复。)”可知，作者认为计算机科学教育应主要培养学生监督和修正人工智能生成的代码的能力。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“And wrryingly, sme students are using AI tls t finish their assignments withut learning r understanding hw the cde actually wrks. Mst educatin desn’t yet emphasize the skills critical fr prgramming supervisin. New develpers with less than a year’s experience can actually be less efficient with AI tls than withut, because they are missing critical skills and knwledge needed t evaluate and crrect what the AI prduces. (令人担忧的是，一些学生使用人工智能工具来完成作业，却并未学习或理解代码的实际运作原理。大多数教育目前尚未强调编程监督所需的关键技能。拥有不到一年经验的新开发人员在使用人工智能工具时实际上可能比没有人工智能工具时效率更低，因为他们缺乏评估和纠正人工智能所产生内容所需的关键技能和知识。)”可知，作者通过陈述当前教育中存在学生滥用人工智能工具，及其导致新开发人员效率更低这两个事实，来支持其“当前计算机科学教育存在弊端”的观点。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“The rise f generative AI shuld sharpen ur fcus n what truly matters in cmputer science educatin: helping students develp the habits f mind that let them questin, reasn and apply judgment in a rapidly develping field. (生成式人工智能的兴起应当促使我们更加关注计算机科学教育中真正重要的内容：帮助学生养成在快速发展的领域中提出问题、进行推理和运用判断力的思维习惯。)”可知，文章围绕生成式人工智能对编程和计算机科学教育的冲击展开，指出了当前教育模式的局限，并提出教育重心应向培养学生监督、评估和修正人工智能代码的能力转变。因此，作者的主要写作目的是敦促计算机科学教育进行变革。故选B项。
02（25-26高三上·山东·期末）Frm pesticides t paint smells, the imprtance f keeping clear f hidden harmful substances during pregnancy (怀孕) is well-dcumented. But accrding t a new study, it’s nt nly expecting parents wh need t be aware f txins (毒素) that pse a silent risk t their family’s health.
New research published in Liver Internatinal has linked severe liver damage t cntact with tetrachlrethylene (PCE), a chemical widely used in dry-cleaning prducts, as well as cmmn husehld cleaning items.
Scientists examined bld samples frm study participants, f which abut 7% had detectable levels f PCE. Cmpared t their cunterparts, this grup was three times mre likely t have significant liver fibrsis, a cnditin that can prgress t bth liver cancer and liver failure. The risk increases with greater expsure, and wrkers in dry-cleaning facilities may face the highest risk.
PCE is a man-made chemical that’s been arund since the 1940s, accrding t Germe Burke, a medical txiclgist. “Its mst famus use was as the primary chemical in dry cleaning,” Dr. Burke says. Mre recently, PCE has becme a cmmn ingredient in many cnsumer prducts, including spt remvers and stainless steel plishes.
“Effective as it is, PCE can cause neurlgical effects, including headaches,” Dr. Burke says. Previus research als shws early PCE expsure is linked t a higher risk f develping certain cancers later in life. What’s wrse, this txin culd be quietly plluting ur surrundings as well, frm the air we breathe t the water we drink. Kids are mre vulnerable (易受伤害的) because their bdies are still develping and they have mre cntact with plluted surfaces.
Families can reduce PCE-related health risks thrugh practical steps, accrding t experts. Check prduct labels and avid thse that list PCE. When using ptentially PCE-cntaining cleaners, pening windws is recmmended. Fr dry-cleaning, g fr safer, PCE-free alternatives like “wet cleaning”. After cleaning, always remve the plastic wrap and air them ut in a space with gd air flw befre bringing them indrs. It is equally imprtant t stre risky prducts away frm kids. These small actins significantly reduce the chrnic, lw-level PCE expsures that are mst clsely assciated with health risks.
1．What des paragraph 1 imply abut public health awareness?
A．It fcuses n natural threats.B．It shuld cver a wider ppulatin.
C．It priritizes pregnant individuals.D．It targets detectable txic substances.
2．Why des the authr mentin children’s situatin?
A．T shw their nging bdily grwth.B．T call fr immediate actin.
C．T explain PCE’s impact n the brain.D．T stress PCE’s widespread effect.
3．What’s the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．PCE’s harms t children.B．Rules f dry-cleaning industries.
C．PCE’s daily applicatins.D．Measures t reduce PCE expsure.
4．What is the best title fr the text?
A．PCE: Frm Wrkplace t Hme Threat
B．Husehld Dangers and Children’s Safety
C．A Hidden Hme Threat and Yur Defense
D．Pregnant Wmen: The Highest Risk Grup
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍四氯乙烯这一隐藏毒素的危害，其存在于干洗产品和家用清洁剂中，还给出了家庭降低相关健康风险的具体实用措施。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But accrding t a new study, it’s nt nly expecting parents wh need t be aware f txins (毒素) that pse a silent risk t their family’s health.(但根据一项新的研究，并非只有准父母需要注意那些会对家人健康构成潜在威胁的毒素。)”可知，公众的健康意识目前主要关注准父母群体，而研究表明该意识应覆盖更广泛的人群。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“What’s wrse, this txin culd be quietly plluting ur surrundings as well, frm the air we breathe t the water we drink. Kids are mre vulnerable (易受伤害的) because their bdies are still develping and they have mre cntact with plluted surfaces. (更糟糕的是，这种毒素还可能在悄无声息地污染我们的环境，从我们呼吸的空气到饮用的水都是如此。儿童更容易受到伤害，因为他们的身体还在发育中，并且他们与受污染表面的接触更多。)”可知，作者提及儿童的情况，是为了强调四氯乙烯的污染范围广，对不同人群都有影响，突出其广泛的危害性。故选D项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第六段中的“Families can reduce PCE-related health risks thrugh practical steps, accrding t experts.(专家表示，家庭可以通过一些实用的措施来降低与四氯乙烯相关的健康风险。)”以及后文具体的措施介绍可知，最后一段主要讲述的是减少四氯乙烯接触的具体方法。故选D项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章先介绍了四氯乙烯这一隐藏的家庭威胁及其危害，随后重点给出了人们应对该威胁的具体防御措施，“一种隐藏的家庭威胁及你的防御方法”最能概括全文内容，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。
03（25-26高三上·河北邢台·期末）T average peple, it must seem as if the field f artificial intelligence (AI) is making great prgress. Even a high-level manager in a high-tech cmpany went s far as t think that the attempt t create AI that has the flexibility and resurcefulness f human intelligence — knwn as artificial general intelligence, r AGI, has reached a pint where the game is ver. Dn’t be fled. Machines may smeday be as smart as peple and perhaps even smarter, but the game is far frm ver. There is still a large amunt f wrk t be dne in making machines that truly can cmprehend and reasn abut the wrld arund them. What we need right nw is less psturing and mre basic research.
At present, AI is making prgress — synthetic (合成的) images lk mre and mre realistic, and speech recgnitin can ften wrk in nisy envirnments — but we are still likely decades away frm general-purpse and human-level AI that can understand the true meanings f articles and vides r deal with unexpected bstacles and interruptins. The field is stuck n precisely the same challenges that academic scientists have been pinting ut fr years: getting AI t be reliable and getting it t cpe with unusual circumstances.
Unfrtunately, the fact that these systems still fail t wrk reliably and struggle with nvel circumstances is usually buried in the fine print. One system, fr instance, wrked well n all the tasks the high-tech cmpany reprted but rarely as well as ther cntemprary systems.
Althugh deep learning has advanced the ability f machines t recgnize patterns in data, it has three majr faults. The patterns that it learns are superficial (表面的), nt cnceptual. The results it creates are hard t interpret and difficult t use in the cntext f ther prcesses, such as memry and reasning. As Harvard University cmputer scientist Leslie Valiant nted, “The central challenge ging frward is t unify the frmulatin (规划) f learning and reasning.” Given these limitatins, it’s time fr AI researchers t cncentrate n building systems that can learn and reasn, nt just chase media attentin.
1．Hw des the authr develp paragraph 1?
A．By prviding statistics.
B．By making assumptins.
C．By supprting the average peple’s views.
D．By cntrasting the public idea with reality.
2．Which statement best fits the current AI?
A．It is recgnized widely.
B．It is facing reliability issues.
C．It can deal with unusual circumstances.
D．It can understand the true meaning f the text.
3．What is the authr’s main purpse in writing the last paragraph?
A．T highlight AI’s strengths.
B．T redirect AI research fcus.
C．T shw AI’s memry prcesses.
D．T praise the wrk f AI researchers.
4．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Treat AI Reasnably
B．AI Shuld Be Suspected
C．AI Is Making Great Prgress
D．Get AI t Recgnize Patterns in Data
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当前人工智能看似进展大，实则面临可靠性等诸多问题，作者呼吁重新引导人工智能研究重点。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Even a high-level manager in a high-tech cmpany went s far as t think that the attempt t create AI that has the flexibility and resurcefulness f human intelligence — knwn as artificial general intelligence, r AGI, has reached a pint where the game is ver. Dn’t be fled. Machines may smeday be as smart as peple and perhaps even smarter, but the game is far frm ver. (即使是一家高科技公司的高层管理人员也认为，创造具有人类智能灵活性和足智多谋的人工智能——被称为通用人工智能 (AGI)——的尝试已经到了游戏结束的地步。别被愚弄了。机器也许有一天会像人一样聪明，甚至更聪明，但游戏还远未结束)”可知，作者通过对比公众想法与现实展开第一段。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The field is stuck n precisely the same challenges that academic scientists have been pinting ut fr years: getting AI t be reliable and getting it t cpe with unusual circumstances. (这个领域正面临着学术科学家多年来一直指出的同样的挑战：让人工智能变得可靠，并让它能够应对不寻常的情况)”以及第三段“Unfrtunately, the fact that these systems still fail t wrk reliably and struggle with nvel circumstances is usually buried in the fine print. (不幸的是，这些系统仍然无法可靠地工作，并且在应对新情况时存在困难，这一事实通常被隐藏在细则中)”可知，当前人工智能面临可靠性问题。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althugh deep learning has advanced the ability f machines t recgnize patterns in data, it has three majr faults. (尽管深度学习提高了机器识别数据模式的能力，但它有三个主要缺陷)”以及“Given these limitatins, it’s time fr AI researchers t cncentrate n building systems that can learn and reasn, nt just chase media attentin. (鉴于这些局限性，是时候让人工智能研究人员专注于构建能够学习和推理的系统，而不仅仅是追逐媒体关注了)”可知，作者写这一段的目的是重新引导人工智能研究的重点。故选B项。
4．主旨大意题。全文作者先纠正大众对人工智能发展的错误认知，再指出其当下存在的核心难题，指出人工智能的发展还有很长的路要走，最后给出研究方向的建议，呼吁大家理性看待，减少浮夸宣传，专注于基础研究，核心是倡导人们理性看待人工智能，所以“合理对待AI”适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
04（25-26高三上·内蒙古锡林郭勒·期末）Over the past few decades, screen time has expanded frm an ccasinal treat t a full-day affair. Peple f all ages stare at screens fr wrk, schl, and entertainment. It’s wrrying, especially fr parents. Then what happens when kids step away frm their screen? Researchers are discvering what happens t the brain when a kid ges n a digital detx.
In a 2025 study in Develpmental Science, a team f researchers set ut t measure brain functining in participants while they engaged in either a screen-related r bk-based activity. The team had 28 kids aged 3 t 6 wear the functinal near-infrared spectrscpy (FNIRS) cap t mnitr brain activities. With the cap in place, children listened t a stry being read by a member f the research team while they fllwed alng in a bk with matching wrds and pictures. Fr the screen time cnditin, the little participants listened t an audi recrding f a stry while lking at wrds and pictures n a screen.
The study fund the brain activatin was distinct. During the bk reading, the right tempral parietal junctin (颞顶联合区) was activated, but this did nt happen during the screen time cnditin. Pecuknis says, “This regin f the brain is invlved in attentin mre generally, and s it culd be that children were just mre attentive during shared bk reading.”
Fr parents wrried abut the impact f screen time n their child’s develpment, Pecuknis recmmends fllwing the guidelines set by the American Academy f Pediatrics: N screen time fr children aged 2 and yunger, and n mre than ne hur a day fr kids aged 3 t 5.
But Pecuknis als acknwledges that life can get in the way, and a bit f Baby Shark, a children’s prgram, can give parents a mment t fld a basket f laundry r ck dinner. When pssible, she recmmends c-viewing with the child. Keep an ear ut, ask questins abut the shw and the emtinal states f the characters. Talk abut the prgram after it’s ver and apply it t real life.
1．What des “a digital detx” mean in paragraph 1?
A．Using a screensaver t prtect eyes.
B．Seeking a way against screen radiatin.
C．Experiencing a perid ff digital devices.
D．Receiving treatment fr screen addictin.
2．What can we learn frm paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Participants were mre engaged in shared bk reading.
B．Screen-based activities enhanced participants’ creativity.
C．The FNIRS cap was used t recrd participants’ answers.
D．Participants were divided int tw grups during the test.
3．Which f the fllwing will Pecuknis mst likely apprve f?
A．Leaving kids t TV while cking.
B．Keeping digital devices beynd kids’ reach.
C．Jining in kids’ digital activities.
D．Identifying digital prgrams intended fr kids.
4．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the passage?
A．T guide parents n kids’ screen time.
B．T prve screen time harms kid’s brains.
C．T warn parents f kids’ digital addictin.
D．T prmte shared reading as a gd activity.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项关于儿童屏幕时间与大脑活动关系的研究，并为家长提供了如何管理儿童屏幕时间的实用建议。
1．词句猜测题。根据第一段最后两句“Then what happens when kids step away frm their screen? Researchers are discvering what happens t the brain when a kid ges n a digital detx. (那么当孩子们远离屏幕后，会发生什么呢？研究人员正在探索当一个孩子进行a digital detx时大脑会发生什么。)”可知，前一句提出“孩子们远离屏幕后会发生什么”的问题，后一句即讲到研究人员正在探索一项研究，表明该研究能对前一句提出的问题进行回答，“a digital detx”所指的情况应与“远离屏幕（step away frm their screen）”直接相关，a digital detx应指一段时间不使用数字设备。C选项“经历一段不用数字设备的时间”与上下文逻辑一致，是对该短语含义的准确诠释。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段可知，研究人员针对3到6岁儿童在进行屏幕活动和纸质书籍阅读活动时大脑功能状况的研究。又根据第三段“During the bk reading, the right tempral parietal junctin was activated, but this did nt happen during the screen time cnditin. Pecuknis says, “This regin f the brain is invlved in attentin mre generally, and s it culd be that children were just mre attentive during shared bk reading.” (在纸质书籍阅读过程中，大脑右侧颞顶联合区被激活，而在屏幕时间条件下该区域并未出现相同反应。佩库科尼斯指出：“大脑的这个区域通常与注意力有关，因此这可能意味着儿童在共享阅读时注意力更集中。”)”可知，阅读纸质书籍时大脑右侧颞顶联合区激活，该区域与注意力相关，且研究者推测儿童在共享阅读时更专注。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后三句“When pssible, she recmmends c-viewing with the child. Keep an ear ut, ask questins abut the shw and the emtinal states f the characters. Talk abut the prgram after it’s ver and apply it t real life. (如果可能，她建议与孩子共同观看。留心听内容，就节目和角色情绪状态提问。节目结束后进行讨论并将其应用到现实生活中。)”可知，佩库科尼斯倡导的核心理念是家长应进行有互动、有引导的陪伴观看。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。通览全文，第一段引出儿童屏幕时间及“数字排毒”的话题；第二、三段详细介绍了一项比较屏幕活动与纸质书籍阅读活动对儿童大脑影响的研究及其发现；第四段直接给出专家对儿童屏幕时间的时长建议；最后一段进一步提供了家长如何管理及优化孩子屏幕时间的互动策略。文章结合科学发现与专家建议，旨在为家长提供关于儿童屏幕时间的认知指导和行动参考。选项A“指导家长管理孩子的屏幕时间”为作者的核心意图。故选A项。
05（25-26高三上·河北邢台·期末）When a heat wave struck Illinis in June 2022, crp physilgist Meacham-Hensld hped her team’s new biengineered ptat variety wuld survive it — but she was astunded by just hw well it grew. The plant prduced an unexpected 30% mre f its large red tubers than a nrmal, unengineered plant in the same cnditins.
T engineer the ptat, Meacham-Hensld and her clleagues fcused n a prcess in mst plants called phtrespiratin (光呼吸), in which a key phtsynthesis enzyme (光合作用酶) knwn as RuBisCO gets sidetracked and begins making a pisnus by-prduct. RuBisCO mlecules (分子)need t bind t carbn dixide (CO₂) t carry ut phtsynthesis, but abut a quarter f the time they grab xygen instead — and this errneus prcess happens mre ften at high temperatures. This inefficiency can decrease crp yields by as much as 50%.
In the new engineered ptates, a gene inserted int the plant cell’s nucleus prduced a prtein that traveled int the chlrplast (叶绿体), the cell rganelle used in phtsynthesis. There it brke dwn the pisnus by-prduct, s the chlrplast didn’t need t send it ut t ther rganelles. This saved energy, similar t hw eating lcal fd saves the energy f trucking it acrss the cuntry.
During the engineered ptates’ 2022 grwing seasn in the Illinis test field, an extreme heat wave brught fur days with temperatures higher than 95°F. But the new ptat’s genetic change — which can be passed n t the next generatin — bsted yield by almst a third. “We were really shcked,” Meacham-Hensld says. “The phtsynthesis prcess is a prmising target fr agricultural engineering, because it can increase crp yield withut the need fr extra land use and fertilizer,” she adds. She thinks the new technique culd help crps adapt t climate change. Similar strategies have been used previusly in rice, but this study is the first t shw that it desn’t cause a decrease in a fd crp’s nutritinal quality.
1．What des the underlined wrd “astunded” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Wrried.B．Cnfused.C．Surprised.D．Annyed.
2．What did Meacham-Hensld and her clleagues want t d?
A．Remve CO2 frm plant cells.
B．Replace RuBisCO with artificial enzymes.
C．Increase the sil temperature fr crps’ grwth.
D．Imprve ptat utput by fixing phtrespiratin.
3．What des paragraph 3 mainly explain abut the engineered ptat gene?
A．Hw it changes the structure f chlrplast.
B．Hw it transprts energy within the plant cell.
C．Hw it remves pisn t avid energy waste.
D．Hw it increases prtein prductin in chlrplast.
4．What is Meacham-Hensld’s attitude t the new technique?
A．Critical.B．Indifferent.C．Calm.D．Appreciative.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Meacham-Hensld和她的团队通过修复光呼吸过程，成功培育出一种新土豆品种，该品种在高温下产量大幅提高且营养质量未下降。
1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“When a heat wave struck Illinis in June 2022, crp physilgist Meacham-Hensld hped her team’s new biengineered ptat variety wuld survive it — but she was astunded by just hw well it grew. The plant prduced an unexpected 30% mre f its large red tubers than a nrmal, unengineered plant in the same cnditins. (2022年6月，当热浪袭击伊利诺伊州时，作物生理学家Meacham Hensld希望她的团队的新生物工程马铃薯品种能够存活下来，但她对它的生长情况感到astunded。在相同条件下，这种植物的大红色块茎比正常的、未经工程处理的植物多出30%，这是出乎意料的)”可知，Meacham-Hensld对于这种新土豆的生长情况是感到惊讶的。astunded的意思是“惊讶的”，与Surprised意义相近。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“T engineer the ptat, Meacham-Hensld and her clleagues fcused n a prcess in mst plants called phtrespiratin (光呼吸), in which a key phtsynthesis enzyme (光合作用酶) knwn as RuBisCO gets sidetracked and begins making a pisnus by-prduct. (为了对土豆进行基因改造，Meacham-Hensld和她的同事们关注了大多数植物中一种叫做光呼吸的过程，在这个过程中，一种名为RuBisCO的关键光合作用酶偏离正轨，开始产生一种有毒的副产品)”以及第四段“During the engineered ptates’ 2022 grwing seasn in the Illinis test field, an extreme heat wave brught fur days with temperatures higher than 95°F. But the new ptat’s genetic change — which can be passed n t the next generatin — bsted yield by almst a third.(在伊利诺伊州试验田2022年的工程马铃薯生长季节，一场极端热浪带来了四天的温度高于95°F。但这种新马铃薯的基因变化——可以传递给下一代——使产量提高了近三分之一)”可知，Meacham-Hensld和她的同事们致力于纠正光呼吸这一低效过程所导致的问题，他们通过植入基因使植物能够有效处理光呼吸的有毒副产物，从而达到提高土豆产量的目的。故选D。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“In the new engineered ptates, a gene inserted int the plant cell’s nucleus prduced a prtein that traveled int the chlrplast (叶绿体), the cell rganelle used in phtsynthesis. There it brke dwn the pisnus by-prduct, s the chlrplast didn’t need t send it ut t ther rganelles. This saved energy, similar t hw eating lcal fd saves the energy f trucking it acrss the cuntry.(在新的基因工程土豆中，插入植物细胞核的一个基因产生了一种蛋白质，这种蛋白质进入叶绿体 (光合作用中使用的细胞器)。在那里，它分解了有毒的副产品，所以叶绿体不需要把它送到其他细胞器。这节省了能量，就像吃当地食物节省了在全国运输食物的能量一样)”可知，新植入的基因在植物细胞核中产生一种蛋白质，这种蛋白质进入叶绿体并分解有毒副产物，从而节省了能量。因此，第三段主要解释了这种基因如何通过去除毒素来避免能量浪费。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The phtsynthesis prcess is a prmising target fr agricultural engineering, because it can increase crp yield withut the need fr extra land use and fertilizer, (光合作用过程是农业工程的一个有前景的目标，因为它可以在不需要额外土地使用和肥料的情况下提高作物产量)”以及“She thinks the new technique culd help crps adapt t climate change. (她认为这项新技术可以帮助作物适应气候变化)”可知，Meacham-Hensld表示，这种新技术可以帮助作物适应气候变化，并且她认为这种新技术很有前景。因此，她对这种新技术持赞赏的态度。故选D。
06（25-26高三上·山西运城·期末）Peple ften think weight lss is just abut eating less and mving mre, but lng-term success actually depends n mre than that. Key factrs include timing, cnsistency, and the right supprt. Fr example, starting a prgram early in the year uses the natural mtivatin f a fresh start t build better habits.
Why des January wrk s well? It cnnects timing, ur bdies, and ur mindset. The new year helps peple leave past struggles behind and fcus n a new beginning. Even thugh many dubt New Year’s reslutins, recent large studies shw clear benefits. A UK study f ver 85,000 peple fund that thse wh began a weight management prgram in January lst 12-30% mre weight than thse wh started later. This “New Year effect” bsts prgram attendance and persnal cnsistency, which are essential fr real results.
Fr effective weight lss, public guidelines suggest eating abut 500-750 fewer kil calries per day. Hwever, tracking calries exactly can be difficult. Mre imprtantly, what yu eat matters greatly. Eating enugh prtein helps prtect muscle, which is vital because muscle keeps yur metablism (新陈代谢) active. Recent research cnfirms that higher prtein intake helps maintain muscle and supprts lng-term weight cntrl, especially when cmbined with strength training.
Putting these insights int practice means understanding the distinct rles f diet and exercise. While changing yur diet is key fr initial weight lss, physical activity is irreplaceable fr lng-term weight maintenance and verall health. One supprts the ther: gd nutritin fuels effective exercise, and exercise, in turn, helps preserve the metablism-bsting muscle that gd nutritin builds.
Therefre, mdern nutritin science suggests mving beynd simple rules. The mst sustainable apprach is a balanced ne: fllw verall healthy eating patterns — like fcusing n whle fds, vegetables, and lean prteins — t steadily supprt yur metablism, rather than just cutting ut single nutrients like fats r carbs. This principle, alng with cnsistent physical activity, frms the true fundatin fr lasting weight management and better health.
1．Hw des the authr prve the “New Year effect”?
A．With histrical traditins.B．By cmparing different mnths.
C．By quting several psychlgists.D．With a questin and research data.
2．What des paragraph 3 suggest abut managing calrie intake?
A．It is the mst reliable way t ensure weight lss.
B．It is n lnger recmmended by health guidelines.
C．It is less critical than chsing high-quality fds.
D．It becmes effrtless when cmbined with strength training.
3．What is the relatinship between diet and exercise in the text?
A．Diet drives early results; activity sustains them.
B．They are equally imprtant; their imprtance is cnstant.
C．Diet is imprtant; activity is mre imprtant frm the start.
D．Activity is key fr early weight lss; diet is key fr later maintenance.
4．What is the main purpse f writing the text?
A．T advertise a new weight lss prduct.
B．T criticize simple weight lss methds.
C．T explain weight management strategies.
D．T share a detailed diet and wrkut plan.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章系统讲解长期有效减重的核心逻辑。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Why des January wrk s well? It cnnects timing, ur bdies, and ur mindset.(为什么一月份效果这么好？它结合了时机、我们的身体和心态)”和“A UK study f ver 85,000 peple fund that thse wh began a weight management prgram in January lst 12-30% mre weight than thse wh started later.(英国一项针对8.5万多人的研究发现，那些在一月份开始体重管理计划的人比晚些开始的人多减重12%-30%)”可推知，作者通过提问和研究数据来证明“新年效应”。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Hwever, tracking calries exactly can be difficult. Mre imprtantly, what yu eat matters greatly.(然而，精确追踪热量可能很困难。更重要的是，你吃什么至关重要)”可推知，选择高质量食物比控制热量摄入更关键。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“While changing yur diet is key fr initial weight lss, physical activity is irreplaceable fr lng-term weight maintenance and verall health.(虽然改变饮食是初期减重的关键，但运动对于长期维持体重和整体健康是不可替代的)”可知，饮食驱动初期减重效果，运动维持长期成果。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“Peple ften think weight lss is just abut eating less and mving mre, but lng-term success actually depends n mre than that. (人们常常认为减重就是少吃多动，但长期成功实际上还取决于更多因素)”可知，文章围绕减重的时机、饮食、运动等方面展开。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是解释科学的体重管理策略。故选C项。