高考英语二模模拟卷01（上海卷）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二模模拟卷01（上海卷）（教师版），共31页。试卷主要包含了考查代词，考查状语从句，考查形容词比较等级，考查动词的语态，考查宾语从句，考查介词，考查连词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回
I. Grammar and Vcabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
【原创】题源：VOA Learning English《A Man Rescued a Fx and Fund a Lifelng Cmpanin》
In a quiet muntain village, Mr. Reed, a frest keeper, fund a baby fx 1______ had lst its mther in a heavy strm last winter. The fx, nly a few weeks ld, was hiding under a bush, and Mr. Reed 2______ (never see) such a weak wild animal in his life befre he fund it. He knew 3______ (leave) it alne wuld mean death, s he tk it hme withut a secnd thught.
4______ is nt easy t raise a wild fx, but Mr. Reed tried his best t create a natural envirnment fr it. He named the fx Lucky and fed it with fresh milk every tw hurs, even at midnight. He als built a small wden huse in the yard 5______ ______ Lucky culd have a safe place t sleep n cld nights. As Lucky grew up, it became 6______ (clever) than any ther animal in the village, able t understand Mr. Reed’s simple rders.
One day, Lucky was hurt by a hunter’s trap and 7______ (send) t the village clinic immediately. After recvering, Lucky still fllwed Mr. Reed everywhere, even when he patrlled the frest. Mr. Reed nce tried t set Lucky free, fr he knew wild animals shuld live in nature, but Lucky always came back t him befre dark.
As time went by, the bnd between Mr. Reed and Lucky grew strnger. Lucky wuld bring Mr. Reed fresh fruits frm the frest every mrning, and stay by his side when he was sick. Fr Mr. Reed, Lucky is mre than a wild animal; it is a family member. He ften says that meeting Lucky is the best thing 8______ has ever happened t him, and he will cherish the friendship frever.
Nw, Mr. Reed and Lucky live a peaceful life in the muntain village. The lcal villagers all admire their special bnd, and they have learned t treat every living thing 9______ kindness and respect. This stry als tells us that lve has n bundaries, 10______ it is between humans and humans r humans and animals.
【答案】
1.that/which 2. had never seen 3. leaving 4. It 5. s that 6. cleverer 7. was sent 8. that 9. with 10. whether
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述森林看守人里德先生救下一只失去母亲的幼狐并精心照料，幼狐被猎人陷阱所伤康复后，与里德先生建立起深厚的羁绊，成为彼此的家人。这个故事不仅让村民学会以善意对待所有生命，更诠释了 “爱无边界” 的深层含义。
1．考查定语从句。句意：在一个宁静的山村，森林看守人里德先生去年冬天发现了一只在暴雨中失去母亲的幼狐。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 a baby fx（指物），先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词 that/which 引导。故填 that/which。
2．考查动词时态。句意：这只狐狸只有几周大，躲在灌木丛下，里德先生在发现它之前，这辈子从未见过如此虚弱的野生动物。动作 “看见” 发生在 “发现狐狸” 这一过去动作之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时，主语为单数。故填 had never seen。
3．考查非谓语动词（动名词）。句意：他知道丢下它不管就意味着死亡，于是毫不犹豫地把它带回了家。设空处作宾语从句的主语，表抽象的行为动作，用动名词形式作主语。故填 leaving。
4．考查代词。句意：饲养一只野生狐狸并不容易，但里德先生尽最大努力为它营造了自然的环境。设空处为形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式 t raise a wild fx，用 it 作形式主语，符合 it is + adj. + t d sth. 结构。故填 It。
5．考查状语从句。句意：他还在院子里建了一座小木屋，以便幸运在寒夜里有一个安全的睡觉地方。设空处引导目的状语从句，表 “以便、为了”，用 s that 引导。故填 s that。
6．考查形容词比较等级。句意：随着幸运渐渐长大，它变得比村里其他任何动物都聪明，能听懂里德先生简单的指令。根据 than any ther animal，用形容词的比较级形式，clever 的比较级为 cleverer。故填 cleverer。
7．考查动词的语态。句意：有一天，幸运被猎人的陷阱弄伤，立刻被送到了村诊所。主语 Lucky 与 send 之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数。故填 was sent。
8．考查宾语从句。句意：他常说遇见幸运是他这辈子发生的最好的事，他会永远珍惜这份友谊。设空处引导宾语从句，作 says 的宾语，从句中先行词被最高级 the best 修饰，关系词用 that。故填 that。
9．考查介词。句意：当地村民都羡慕他们这份特殊的羁绊，也学会了以善意和尊重对待每一个生命。固定搭配 treat sb./sth. with... 意为 “以…… 对待……”。故填 with。
10．考查连词。句意：这个故事也告诉我们，爱无边界，无论是人与人之间，还是人与动物之间。固定搭配 意为 “无论是…… 还是……”，引导让步状语。故填 whether。
考点分布（无重复）
时态（过去完成时）、被动语态（一般过去时被动）、非谓语（动名词）、三大从句（定语从句 + 宾语从句）、代词（形式主语 it）、形容词比较级、介词、连词（）
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
【原创】题源：New Scientist （）
Mst f ur genme really is junk
Hw much f ur genme really matters? Sme argue that because mst f ur DNA is active, it must be ding smething imprtant. Others say even randm DNA wuld be highly active.
This has nw been put t the test by studying human cells cntaining 11________ chunks f plant DNA, New Scientist can 12________ reveal – and the effectively randm plant DNA was indeed nearly as active as human DNA.
The finding shws that a high prprtin f genme activity is just nise, rather than having any purpse, and thus adds t the evidence that mst f the human genme is junk. “A large amunt can simply be explained by backgrund nise,” says Brett Adey at the University f Auckland in New Zealand. “This seems t be bradly 13________ with the junk DNA idea.”
The main functin f DNA is t stre the 14________ fr making prteins, the mlecular machines that d almst all the wrk in cells. The DNA recipes are 15________ t make messenger RNA that carry the recipes t prtein-making structures, the cell’s prtein-making factries.
Frm the early days f genetics, the 16________ view was that almst all DNA serves a useful purpse, but we nw knw that just 1.2 per cent f the human genme cdes fr prteins. S what des the rest d? Since the 1960s, the “junk DNA” idea has steadily 17________ amng bilgists. Yes, a small percentage f nn-prtein-cding DNA is really imprtant and we are likely t keep discvering bits that d useful things fr decades, but such discveries, they say, wn’t change the verall picture.
Fr instance, a 2011 study allwed scientists t 18________ that nly arund 5 per cent f the genme is 19________ ver deep time – evlutin desn’t seem t care abut the rest f it. Researchers in the mstly-junk camp als pint ut that the size f genmes varies wildly amng species, which further supprts the idea that mst DNA is nt 20________. This new experiment, cmbining human and plant cells, has strengthened the argument by prving that randm DNA can be active withut any practical functin, challenging the ld view that activity equals usefulness.
【答案】
11．D 12．C 13．G 14．H 15．I 16．A 17．E 18．J 19．B 20．K
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕人类基因组的功能展开，通过实验研究结果反驳了 “所有 DNA 都有实际作用” 的传统观点，佐证了 “垃圾 DNA” 的理论，指出人类基因组中大部分 DNA 并无实际功能，其活性只是背景噪音。
11．D（massive）
考查：形容词作定语。
句意：现在，通过研究含有大量植物 DNA 片段的人类细胞，这一说法已得到验证 ——《新科学家》专门揭示了这一点，而这些实际上随机的植物 DNA 确实几乎和人类 DNA 一样活跃。
解析：空格后为名词 chunks，需填形容词修饰，massive 表示 “大量的”，贴合实验中使用大量植物 DNA 片段的语境，是说明文描述数量的高阶常用词，搭配合理。
12．C（exclusively）
考查：副词修饰动词。
句意：现在，通过研究含有大量植物 DNA 片段的人类细胞，这一说法已得到验证 ——《新科学家》专门揭示了这一点，而这些实际上随机的植物 DNA 确实几乎和人类 DNA 一样活跃。
解析：空格修饰动词 reveal，需填副词，exclusively 表示 “专门地、独家地”，符合《新科学家》作为专业科学媒体的报道属性，语义唯一且贴合语境。
13．G（cnsistent）
考查：形容词作表语 + 固定搭配。
句意：新西兰奥克兰大学的布雷特・阿迪说：“很大一部分（基因组活性）只能用背景噪音来解释。这似乎与垃圾 DNA 的观点大致一致。”
解析：系动词 be 后接形容词，固定搭配 be cnsistent with 意为 “与…… 一致”，是上海高考高频考点，该搭配贴合实验结论与垃圾 DNA 理论的逻辑衔接关系。
14．H（recipe）
考查：名词作宾语 + 熟词僻义。
句意：DNA 的主要功能是储存制造蛋白质的遗传编码，蛋白质是在细胞中承担几乎所有工作的分子机器。
解析：定冠词 the 后接名词，recipe 常见义为 “食谱”，此处为生物语境的熟词僻义 “遗传编码、指令”，是上海高考词汇考查核心考点，贴合 DNA 指导蛋白质合成的科学事实。
15．I（cpy）
考查：动词被动语态 + 一词多义。
句意：DNA 的遗传编码被转录成信使 RNA，信使 RNA 将这些遗传编码传递到细胞的蛋白质制造工厂 —— 蛋白质合成结构中。
解析：空格前为 are，需填动词过去分词构成被动语态，cpy 常见义为 “复制”，此处为生物语境的一词多义 “转录”，贴合 DNA 到 RNA 的分子生物学过程。
16．A（cnventinal）
考查：形容词作定语。
句意：从遗传学发展初期开始，传统的观点认为几乎所有的 DNA 都有其有用的用途，但我们现在知道，人类基因组中只有 1.2% 的部分编码蛋白质。
解析：空格修饰名词 view，需填形容词，cnventinal 表示 “传统的、旧有的”，与后文现代研究结论形成对比，语义清晰且为高考高阶形容词。
17．E（prevail）
考查：动词。
句意：那么剩下的（DNA）是做什么的呢？自 20 世纪 60 年代以来，“垃圾 DNA” 的观点在生物学家中逐渐盛行。
解析：空格前为 has steadily，需填动词过去分词构成现在完成时，prevail 表示 “盛行、普遍存在”，贴合垃圾 DNA 观点在生物学界的发展趋势，与前文传统观点形成逻辑呼应。
18．J（estimate）
考查：动词固定搭配。
句意：例如，2011 年的一项研究让科学家们能够估计，在漫长的时间里，只有大约 5% 的基因组被保留下来 —— 进化似乎并不关心剩下的部分。
解析：固定搭配 allw sb. t d sth.，空格需填动词原形，estimate 表示 “估计、判断”，贴合研究中对基因组保留比例的科学测算语境。
19．B（cnserve）
考查：动词被动语态 + 构词法。
句意：例如，2011 年的一项研究让科学家们能够估计，在漫长的时间里，只有大约 5% 的基因组被保留下来 —— 进化似乎并不关心剩下的部分。
解析：空格前为 is，需填动词过去分词构成被动语态，cnserve 变为 cnserved，意为 “被保存、被保守”，考查动词变形的构词法，贴合基因组在进化中的留存特点。
20．K（functinal）
考查：形容词作表语。
句意：支持 “大部分 DNA 是垃圾” 这一观点的研究人员还指出，不同物种的基因组大小差异很大，这进一步证明了大多数 DNA 是没有功能的。
解析：系动词 is 后接形容词作表语，functinal 表示 “有功能的、起作用的”，与前文 “junk DNA” 形成直接呼应，贴合全文核心主旨，逻辑连贯。
II. Reading Cmprehensin (21 –35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Hw t be mre efficient: stp ‘precrastinating’
Whether r nt we care t admit it, we’re all familiar with prcrastinatin: waiting until the last minute t catch up with pressing tasks, ften leading t subpar (低于标准的)r incmplete wrk. The antidte — while easier said than dne — is simply t start n yur assignments sner, lng befre the cut-ff time. But in yur quest t 21 prcrastinatin, is it pssible t g t far?
David Rsenbaum, a prfessr f psychlgy at the University f Califrnia, Riverside, certainly think s. His research fcuses n the perils f “precrastinatin”, the 22 t rush t quickly int tasks. It can 23 an expenditure f unnecessary effrt that culd be avided with a bit f planning — in ther wrds, haste makes waste.
24 a prcrastinatr, wh might leave an inbx full f emails untuched until the next day, a precrastinatr wuld read and respnd t each f them first thing in the mrning. 25 they knw mst f the emails are unimprtant, they wuld chse t clear them ff as sn as pssible. In sme cases, this can mean draining the precius energy they might need fr a mre 26 task later n.
S why d peple precrastinate? Rsenbaum says that fr mst, it’s tugh t 27 reaching fr lw-hanging fruit. If smething is immediately 28 t yu, yu’re instinctively wired t g fr it. Think abut the sweet attractin f free fd samples at the market. 29 , when yu cmplete simple shrt-term tasks, yu have ne fewer thing t think abut — “I can wrap this up in five minutes. Why nt take care f it nw?” Persnality 30 such as cnscientiusness, eagerness t please and high energy can predict precrastinatin behavirs, Rsenbaum says, but the evlutinary impulse behind them is universal.
The real 31 f precrastinatin cmes when, in yur rush t finish, yu encunter the naturally higher chance f ding yur wrk incmpletely r inaccurately. In the case f emails, smetimes waiting t 32 can shw respect fr careful thught ver expediency, especially if the cntent f the message is emtinal.
Of curse, precrastinatin is nt withut its 33 , but it’s critical t d s nly when it makes sense. Chrnic precrastinatrs must als realize that it’s OK t 34 trivial things, because they will nt require huge mental energy later in the day, Rsenbaum says.
He argues that the managers f tday wuld be wise t acknwledge that it’s nt always best t d everything as quickly as pssible. “It shuld be agreed in ur sciety that it’s kay t smell the flwers,” he says. “T be 35 , mindful and t be allwed t slw dwn.”
21．A．beatB．enhanceC．adaptD．reveal
22．A．feasibilityB．tendencyC．pssibilityD．activity
23．A．rise frmB．result frmC．result inD．end with
24．A．With regards tB．In terms fC．In respnse tD．As ppsed t
25．A．Only ifB．Even ifC．As ifD．What if
26．A．cmmnB．minrC．specialD．urgent
27．A．vercmeB．realizeC．senseD．resist
28．A．desirableB．availableC．apprachableD．agreeable
29．A．EspeciallyB．FairlyC．SimilarlyD．Arguably
30．A．traitsB．drawbacksC．themesD．strengths
31．A．upsideB．dwnsideC．featureD．value
32．A．respndB．readC．reflectD．edit
33．A．shrtcmingsB．interestsC．benefitsD．imprvements
34．A．take nB．set asideC．put frwardD．break dwn
35．A．intentinalB．imaginativeC．deliberateD．impulsive
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“提前拖延症”这一现象，分析其定义、表现、成因、弊端及合理应对方式，区分其与普通拖延症的不同。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在你努力克服拖延症的过程中，有可能做得太过火吗？A. beat克服，击败；B. enhance增强；C. adapt适应；D. reveal揭示。根据前文“The antidte — while easier said than dne — is simply t start n yur assignments sner, lng befre the cut-ff time.”可知，此处指努力克服拖延症。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的研究重点是“提前拖延症”的危害，即过于仓促地投入任务的倾向。A. feasibility可行性；B. tendency倾向，趋势；C. pssibility可能性；D. activity活动。根据前文“precrastinatin”的定义，结合空后“t rush t quickly int tasks”可知，此处指的是一种行为倾向。故选B。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它会导致不必要的精力消耗，而稍微计划一下就可以避免 —— 换句话说，欲速则不达。A. rise frm由……引起；B. result frm由……导致；C. result in导致，引起；D. end with以……结束。根据空后“an expenditure f unnecessary effrt that culd be avided with a bit f planning”可知，此处指提前拖延症会导致这种后果。故选C。
24．考查介词短语辨析。句意：与拖延者不同，拖延者可能会把收件箱里满满的邮件留到第二天再处理，而提前拖延者会在早上第一件事就阅读并回复每一封邮件。A. With regards t关于；B. In terms f就……而言；C. In respnse t作为对……的回应；D. As ppsed t与……相反，相对于。根据后文对“prcrastinatr”和“precrastinatr”行为的对比可知，此处指 与拖延者相反。故选D。
25．考查连词短语辨析。句意：即使他们知道大多数邮件都不重要，他们也会选择尽快处理掉。A. Only if只有；B. Even if即使，尽管；C. As if好像；D. What if要是……会怎样。根据空前后“they knw mst f the emails are unimprtant”和“they wuld chse t clear them ff as sn as pssible”可知，此处存在转折让步关系。故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某些情况下，这可能意味着耗尽他们之后可能需要用于更紧急任务的宝贵精力。A. cmmn普通的；B. minr次要的；C. special特殊的；D. urgent紧急的。根据前文“clear them ff as sn as pssible”可知，此处指这些精力本可以用于更紧急的任务，urgent符合语境，与前文unimprtant形成对比。故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗森鲍姆说，对大多数人来说，很难抗拒唾手可得的成果。A. vercme克服；B. realize意识到；C. sense感觉到；D. resist抵抗，抗拒。根据后文“If smething is immediately ____ t yu, yu’re instinctively wired t g fr it.”可知，此处指人们很难抗拒容易得到的东西。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果某样东西立刻对你可用，你会本能地去争取它。A. desirable令人向往的；B. available可获得的，可用的；C. apprachable可接近的；D. agreeable令人愉快的。根据后文“Think abut the sweet attractin f free fd samples at the market.”可知，免费食物样品是可获得的，此处指容易得到的东西会吸引人。故选B。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样地，当你完成简单的短期任务时，你需要考虑的事情就少了一件 ——“我可以在五分钟内完成这件事。为什么不现在就处理呢？”A. Especially尤其；B. Fairly相当；C. Similarly同样地；D. Arguably可以说。前文“If smething is immediately ____ t yu, yu’re instinctively wired t g fr it.”和后文“when yu cmplete simple shrt-term tasks, yu have ne fewer thing t think abut”逻辑一致，是同样道理。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：罗森鲍姆说，诸如责任心、渴望取悦他人和精力充沛等人格特质可以预测提前拖延行为，但它们背后的进化冲动是普遍存在的。A. traits特质，特征；B. drawbacks缺点；C. themes主题；D. strengths优势。根据空后“such as cnscientiusness, eagerness t please and high energy”可知，这些都是人的人格特质。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：提前拖延症真正的弊端在于，当你急于完成任务时，你自然会有更高的几率把工作做得不完整或不准确。A. upside优势，好处；B. dwnside弊端，缺点；C. feature特征；D. value价值。根据空后“ding yur wrk incmpletely r inaccurately”可知，这是提前拖延症的弊端。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以邮件为例，有时候等待回复可以体现出重视深思熟虑而非急于求成，尤其是当邮件内容涉及情感时。A. respnd回应，回复；B. read阅读；C. reflect反思；D. edit编辑。根据前文“a precrastinatr wuld read and respnd t each f them first thing in the mrning”可知，此处指与提前回复相反——等待回复。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，提前拖延症并非没有好处，但关键是只有在合理的时候才这样做。A. shrtcmings缺点；B. interests兴趣；C. benefits好处，益处；D. imprvements改进。根据后文“but it’s critical t d s nly when it makes sense”可知，此处存在转折，指提前拖延症也有好处。故选C。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：罗森鲍姆说，长期的提前拖延者也必须意识到，把琐碎的事情放在一边是可以的，因为它们在当天晚些时候不会需要太多的脑力。A. take n承担；B. set aside搁置，留出；C. put frward提出；D. break dwn分解，崩溃。根据后文“because they will nt require huge mental energy later in the day”可知，此处指可以搁置琐碎的事情。故选B。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在我们的社会中，应该达成共识，停下来闻闻花香是可以的。放慢脚步，保持从容和专注。”A. intentinal故意的；B. imaginative富有想象力的；C. deliberate从容的，深思熟虑的；D. impulsive冲动的。根据前文“it’s nt always best t d everything as quickly as pssible”和“smell the flwers”可知，此处指从容地放慢脚步。故选C。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Knwing that Mrs. Mallard was affected with a heart truble, great care was taken t break t her as gently as pssible the news f her husband’s death.
It was her sister Jsephine wh tld her, in brken sentences. Her husband’s friend Richards was there, t, near her. It was he wh had been in the newspaper ffice when intelligence f the railrad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard’s name leading the list f “killed.” He had nly taken the time t assure himself f its truth by a secnd telegram, and had hastened t frestall any less careful, less tender friend in bearing the sad message.
She did nt hear the stry as many wmen have heard the same, with a paralyzed inability t accept its significance. She wept at nce, with sudden, wild abandnment, in her sister’s arms. When the strm f grief had spent itself she went away t her rm alne. She wuld have n ne fllw her.
There std, facing the pen windw, a cmfrtable, rmy armchair. Int this she sank, pressed dwn by a physical exhaustin that haunted her bdy and seemed t reach int her sul.
There was smething cming t her and she was waiting fr it, fearfully. What was it? She did nt knw; it was t subtle and elusive t name. But she felt it, creeping ut, reaching tward her thrugh the sunds, the scents, the clr that filled the air.
Nw she was beginning t recgnize this thing that was appraching t pssess her, and she was striving t beat it back with her will — as pwerless as her tw white slender hands wuld have been. When she abandned herself a little whispered wrd escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it ver and ver under the breath: “free, free, free!” The vacant stare and the lk f terrr that had fllwed it went frm her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the cursing bld warmed and relaxed every inch f her bdy.
There wuld be n ne t live fr during the cming years; she wuld live fr herself. There wuld be n pwerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and wmen believe they have a right t impse a private will upn a fellw-creature.
“Free! Bdy and sul free!” she kept whispering.
She arse at length and pened the dr. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a gddess f Victry. She clasped her sister’s waist, and tgether they descended the stairs. Richards std waiting fr them at the bttm.
Smene was pening the frnt dr with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard wh entered, a little travel-stained, cmpsedly carrying his grip-sack and umbrella. He had been far frm the scene f the accident, and did nt even knw there had been ne. He std amazed at Jsephine’s piercing cry; at Richards’ quick mtin t screen him frm the view f his wife.
When the dctrs came they said she had died f heart disease — f the jy that kills.
36．Why des the authr include the detail abut Mrs. Mallard’s heart cnditin in the first paragraph?
A．T freshadw the ending and make it believable.
B．T explain why she needed Mr. Mallard t care fr her.
C．T alert the readers t the ptential harm f heart attacks.
D．T reinfrce the ntin that wmen are weak.
37．The underlined wrd “frestall” in the secnd paragraph is clsest in meaning t ________.
A．predictB．begC．preventD．prpse
38．At the end f the stry, we learn that Mr. Mallard ________.
A．was cheating n Mrs. Mallard with Jsephine
B．made up the entire stry t play a jke n his wife
C．jumped ff the train befre it crashed
D．was never even n the train in the first place
39．What might have led t the death f Mrs. Mallard?
A．The excitement at the thught that she wuld sn enjy freedm
B．The shck upn the sight f her husband walking in while she thught he was dead
C．The late arrival f the dctrs wh failed t save her in time
D．The sadness that struck her when she was infrmed f her husband’s deaths
【答案】36．A 37．C 38．D 39．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mrs. Mallard在得知丈夫在铁路事故中去世后，经历了一系列复杂的情感变化，从最初的悲痛到后来的自由渴望，然而当丈夫突然归来时，她因过度震惊而心脏疾病发作去世的故事。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段“Knwing that Mrs. Mallard was affected with a heart truble, great care was taken t break t her as gently as pssible the news f her husband’s death. (得知Mrs. Mallard患有心脏病，人们小心翼翼地尽可能温和地告诉她丈夫去世的消息。)”和最后一段“When the dctrs came they said she had died f heart disease — f the jy that kills. (医生来的时候说她是死于心脏病——是喜悦致死。)”可知第一段这一细节为后文Mrs. Mallard的突然死亡埋下了伏笔，使得她的死亡在情节上显得合理且可信。故选A。
37．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Knwing that Mrs. Mallard was affected with a heart truble, great care was taken t break t her as gently as pssible the news f her husband’s death. (得知Mrs. Mallard患有心脏病，人们小心翼翼地尽可能温和地告诉她丈夫去世的消息。)”和第二段“He had nly taken the time t assure himself f its truth by a secnd telegram, and had hastened t frestall any less careful, less tender friend in bearing the sad message. (他只花时间通过第二封电报确认了消息的真实性，就急忙赶去frestall任何不那么细心、不那么体贴的朋友传递这个悲伤的消息。)”可知Richards是想要抢在其他人之前告诉Mrs. Mallard这个消息，以免她从其他不细心的人那里听到这个悲伤消息。因此，“frestall”在这里的意思是“阻止，预防”，与选项C“prevent”意思相近。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Smene was pening the frnt dr with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard wh entered, a little travel-stained, cmpsedly carrying his grip-sack and umbrella. He had been far frm the scene f the accident, and did nt even knw there had been ne. (有人用钥匙打开了前门。是Brently Mallard进来了，他有点旅行沾染的污渍，平静地拿着他的手提包和雨伞。他离事故现场很远，甚至不知道发生了事故。)”可知，Mr. Mallard离事故现场很远，甚至不知道发生了事故，所以推测他根本不在那列发生事故的火车上。故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When the dctrs came they said she had died f heart disease — f the jy that kills. (医生来的时候说她是死于心脏病——是震惊致死。)”以及前文描述Mrs. Mallard在以为丈夫去世后，内心渴望自由，而当丈夫突然归来时，她因过度震惊而心脏疾病发作。因此，可以推断Mrs. Mallard的死亡是由于看到她以为已经去世的丈夫突然出现而受到的震惊。故选B。
(B)
40．Which f the fllwing is a crrect match fr the plant and its features?
A．Giant Sequia: thick bark and quick grwth.
B．Fireweed: fast regrwth and wind-spread branches.
C．Pndersa Pine: strng lwer branches and big canpy.
D．Califrnia Lilac: hard seed cat and inactivity after fires.
41．A muntainus regin has just experienced its first majr wildfire in years. The fire burned extremely ht, leaving behind deep layers f ash and expsed sil. The area is expected t remain pen, with strng seasnal winds blwing acrss it. Which plant wuld mst likely t reclnise this envirnment?
A．Giant Sequia.B．Fireweed.
C．Pndersa Pine.D．Califrnia Lilac
42．Where wuld yu mst likely find the abve piece f infrmatin?
A．In a travel guide abut Califrnia frests.
B．In a gardening magazine fcused n dmestic plants.
C．In a newspaper reprt n recent Califrnia wildfires.
D．In a field guide abut fire-adapted plants.
【答案】40．A 41．B 42．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了四种加州植物对火灾的适应性特征。
40．细节理解题。根据Giant Sequia部分的内容“Giant sequias als have thick bark that prtects them frm lw-severity fires. Because yunger trees may catch fire easily, giant sequia trees grw quickly as anther adaptatin t fire-prne envirnments.(巨杉还长有厚实的树皮，能保护它们抵御低烈度火灾。由于幼树更容易着火，因此快速生长成为了巨杉适应火灾频发环境的另一种生存策略)”可知，巨杉具备厚树皮和生长迅速的特点。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据Fireweed部分的内容“After a wildfire, fireweed is ne f the first plants t re-grw in burned areas. Like many ther plants that grw in penings created by fire, fireweed seeds are spread by wind.(森林火灾过后，柳兰是最早在过火区域重新生长的植物之一。和许多生长在火灾过后开阔地带的植物一样，柳兰的种子靠风力传播)”可知，柳兰在火灾后率先再生，且种子依靠风力传播，适合火灾后裸露、多风的开阔区域。故选B。
42．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Living with Fire: Surviving the Frest Wildfires f Califrnia Califrnia wildfires can cause devastating damage t prperty and human lives. But fr plant species that have lived fr thusands f years in the fire-prne Sierra Nevada, frest fires are an expected part f the natural envirnment. This infgraphic intrduces fur different Califrnia plant species, all with different adaptatins t fire.(伴火而生：在加州森林野火中存活 加州的森林野火会对财产和生命造成毁灭性的破坏。但对于在火灾频发的内华达山脉繁衍了数千年的植物物种而言，森林野火是自然环境中可预见的一部分。这份信息图介绍了四种不同的加州植物，它们均进化出了各异的野火适应机制)”可知，本文是一篇信息图介绍，聚焦加利福尼亚四种适应火灾环境的植物，分别阐述了每种植物的形态特征、抗火或灾后再生的机制。最有可能出现在关于适应火灾的植物的野外指南中。故选D。
(C)
This summer scientists drilled deep belw the Atlantic Ocean ff the cast f nrtheastern US and tapped int a huge, mysterius reservir f freshwater — what they discvered culd have big implicatins fr a wrld struggling with an increasingly severe water crisis. The existence f freshwater beneath the Atlantic has been knwn fr decades, but it had remained virtually unexplred.
Then, in 2019, scientists frm Wds Hle Oceangraphic Institutin and Clumbia University annunced a ‌“surprising discvery.” Using electrmagnetic waves, they had mapped a gigantic swath f fresh water belw the cean, stretching alng the shre frm Massachusetts t New Jersey, and pssibly farther. ‌“It appears t be the largest such frmatin yet fund in the wrld,” the scientists said in a statement at the time. It raised big questins: hw did it get there? Hw ld is the water? Is it being replenished (补充)? And, imprtantly: Culd castal aquifers (地下蓄水层) like this prvide a new freshwater resurce fr a thirsty wrld? The vast reservir ff the US cast is just ne f many believed t be hidden under the wrld’s ceans.
A team f internatinal scientists decided t lk fr answers — that meant drilling directly int the aquifer. They spent three mnths ffshre, prbing between arund 1,000 t 1,300 feet beneath the sea flr at different lcatins t pull up sediments (沉淀物) and water samples. They discvered water with salt cntent well belw sea water and arund the level at which US and internatinal agencies advise fr drinkable water.
Anther mystery t unravel is the age f the water. It culd be 200 years ld, it culd be 20,000 years ld, said Brandn Dugan, a gephysics prfessr at the Clrad Schl f Mines and a leader n the expeditin. The presence f yunger water wuld suggest the reserve is being replenished; lder water wuld indicate it’s a finite resurce that is nt recharging. They shuld have the answers in arund six mnths, Dugan said. The scientists will als run tests t determine the water’s rigin — it may have cme frm a melting glacier r frm rain.
Knwing the rigin will help reveal ‌“hw these systems have evlved ver time,” Dugan said. Scientists can then apply this understanding t ther areas where there is evidence f ffshre freshwater aquifers, such as Indnesia, Australia and Suth Africa. It will als help them figure ut hw these undersea freshwater resurces are changing as glbal sea level rises, whether they are grwing r shrinking. ‌“Answering these questins is imprtant fr predicting hw we might use the water in the future,” Michael said.
There are plenty f practical prblems t wrk thrugh first, hwever. Water is heavy and bringing it up and transprting it t shre will ptentially be very energy intensive and expensive. There’s the questin f wh will manage, treat and pay fr the water, which will be pulled frm federal waters befre being sent t states and then cities.
Then there’s the technical prblem f ensuring the freshwater desn’t get cntaminated by the salty water that lies abve and belw it. “Pumping culd als lead t cntaminatin f nshre aquifers if the tw systems are cnnected,” Attias said. “Tapping ffshre grundwater will be expensive,” Michael said. “Prtecting the fresh water we have n land is still the best thing we can curse, that desn’t mean we shuldn’t lk fr alternate ptins, which is why we are ding this science.‌”
Dugan is ptimistic abut the ptential. “All the pieces exist. It’s just a case f time,” he said. He estimates it will take arund 10 years befre ffshre aquifers culd be prperly tapped. Dugan said. “We can take what we’ve learned in this pstage stamp f New England and start thinking abut hw it relates t ther areas.‌”
43．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statement is TRUE abut underwater aquifer?
A．Scientists first fund freshwater belw the Atlantic Ocean in 2019.
B．The water riginates entirely frm melting glaciers.
C．The salt cntent f the water is suitable fr drinking.
D．The technlgy t tap the water is nw available.
44．What can be inferred frm the passage abut the age f the water in the aquifer?
A．The age will directly determine the water’s market value
B．It is a key factr in assessing the sustainability f the resurce.
C．Older water is preferable because it is purer.
D．Scientists have already reached an agreement n the water age.
45．The authr discusses the “technical prblems” in the last few paragraphs primarily t ________.
A．criticize the current inefficiency f water management plicies
B．explain why prtecting n-land freshwater remains the best ptin
C．demnstrate the superirity f this new resurce ver thers
D．highlight the bstacles that must be vercme befre practical use
46．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Predictin abut a Vast Undersea Freshwater Discvery
B．Unlcking the secrets f Ancient Water Beneath the Atlantic
C．The Challenges f Tapping int Undersea Freshwater
D．Old Wisdm Saving Mdern Peple frm Water Crises
【答案】43．C 44．B 45．D 46．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家在大西洋海域发现大规模地下淡水层，并对其成因、可持续性及开发潜力展开研究，同时指出开发中面临的技术、成本及管理难题。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They spent three mnths ffshre, prbing between arund 1,000 t 1,300 feet beneath the sea flr at different lcatins t pull up sediments (沉淀物) and water samples. They discvered water with salt cntent well belw sea water and arund the level at which US and internatinal agencies advise fr drinkable water.(他们在近海作业三个月，在不同海域的海底约1000至1300英尺深处进行勘探，采集沉积物和水样。他们发现这些水域的盐分远低于海水，且符合美国及国际机构规定的饮用水标准)”可知，科学家发现水下含水层含盐量远低于海水，接近美国和国际机构建议的饮用水标准。故选C项。
44．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The presence f yunger water wuld suggest the reserve is being replenished; lder water wuld indicate it’s a finite resurce that is nt recharging.(较年轻的水的存在表明储备正在得到补充；较老的水则表明它是一种不可再生的有限资源)”可知，水的年龄是判断其是否可持续利用的关键因素，年轻的水意味着资源可再生，而古老的水则表明资源有限。故选B项。
45．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“There are plenty f practical prblems t wrk thrugh first, hwever. Water is heavy and bringing it up and transprting it t shre will ptentially be very energy intensive and expensive.(不过，首先要解决很多实际问题。水很重，把它打捞上来并运到岸上可能会耗费大量能源和成本)”和倒数第二段“Then there’s the technical prblem f ensuring the freshwater desn’t get cntaminated by the salty water that lies abve and belw it.(然后是技术问题，即确保淡水不被其上下方的咸水污染)”可知，作者讨论“技术问题”是为了强调开发海底淡水前必须克服的实际障碍。故选D项。
46．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“This summer scientists drilled deep belw the Atlantic Ocean ff the cast f nrtheastern US and tapped int a huge, mysterius reservir f freshwater — what they discvered culd have big implicatins fr a wrld struggling with an increasingly severe water crisis.(今年夏天，科学家们在美国东北部海岸外的大西洋深处钻取了一个巨大而神秘的淡水水库，他们的发现可能对正在与日益严重的水危机作斗争的世界产生重大影响)”、倒数第三段中“There are plenty f practical prblems t wrk thrugh first, hwever.(然而，有很多实际问题需要先解决)”和倒数第二段中“Then there’s the technical prblem f ensuring the freshwater desn’t get cntaminated by the salty water that lies abve and belw it.(然后是技术问题，即确保淡水不被其上下方的咸水污染)”和最后一段中“Dugan is ptimistic abut the ptential. “All the pieces exist. It’s just a case f time,” he said.(Dugan对其潜力持乐观态度。“万事俱备，只欠时机，”他说道)”可知，文章首先介绍了大西洋海域发现大规模地下淡水层，接着分析了开发海底淡水的潜在价值，最后重点讨论了开发过程中面临的技术、成本和管理难题，C项“The Challenges f Tapping int Undersea Freshwater(开发海底淡水的挑战)”概括了文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passages. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Human beings are scial creatures. We build bnds, cultivate friendships, and nurture family ties in hpes f finding lve, supprt, and understanding. Ideally, these relatinships becme safe havens where we can share ur deepest thughts, wrries, and vulnerabilities withut fear f judgment. 47 Why is this the case? Why wuld we share ur fears with a therapist, a fellw traveler n a train, r even an annymus vice n the internet rather than with ur spuse, sibling, r best friend? The answer lies in the intricate interplay between psychlgy, scial expectatins, and human emtin.
There’s smething yu’ve been dying t get ff yur chest but yu dn’t want t live in the reality f a wrld where this secret is nt. If yu share it with a stranger, yu release the tensin and still keep yur persnal wrld away frm it. 48 Yu’ll literally tell them anything in the wrld. This uncertainty between us ushers in a certain ease; the judgement f strangers matters little because it’s unlikely ne will crss paths with them again. The absence f attachment we feel twards a stranger during ur interactins, cupled with the fact that there are hardly any repercussins (恶果), lead t a sense f relative safety, encuraging emtinal expressin and disclsure.
49 Our interactins with strangers lack the baggage f these dynamics. When talking t strangers, hwever, ne can share highly persnal infrmatin withut damaging their reputatin within ne’s scial circle. The spuse is a friend, ften a c-parent, als a lver, and hpefully, an advcate f ur wrk. Our parents have yur entire life’s histry in their head and friends are familiar with which the persn what we shuld t be. When we need cmfrt, we’re unsure which f their rles these peple might play- and wary that it might be a rle that gives us smething ther than the uncnditinal supprt we’re lking fr in the mment. S, we cnfide in smene else altgether.
Cnversatins with strangers, n the cntrary, can thus allw us t reexamine ur lives thrugh a new lens. Strangers ffer the unique advantage f prviding fresh perspectives and bjective viewpints, ffering unbiased advice and impartial pinins. 50 That is ne f the reasns that we can find slace in the validatin and supprt ffered by strangers, which they were therwise denied by the peple in their lives. Mrever, we dn’t necessarily have t wrry abut bkending everything we say with scial niceties. This als increases the appeal f the advice we might receive frm strangers in return: they can be blunt in their takes because they t dn’t have t wrry abut the way we might feel abut their respnses.
【答案】47．A 48．F 49．D 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了一个有趣的心理现象——人们有时更容易向陌生人倾诉内心想法，而非亲近的人，并从心理学、社会期待和人类情感等角度分析了背后的原因。
47．根据上文“Ideally, these relatinships becme safe havens where we can share ur deepest thughts, wrries, and vulnerabilities withut fear f judgment.(理想情况下，这些关系会成为安全的港湾，让我们可以毫无顾忌地分享内心深处的想法、忧虑和脆弱)”以及下文“Why is this the case? Why wuld we share ur fears with a therapist, a fellw traveler n a train, r even an annymus vice n the internet rather than with ur spuse, sibling, r best friend?(为什么会这样？为什么我们会向心理咨询师、火车上的同行旅客，甚至是网络上的陌生网友倾诉恐惧，却不愿告诉配偶、兄弟姐妹或最好的朋友)”可知，此空需要起到转折作用，引出“人们更易对陌生人倾诉”这一核心现象。A选项“Yet, paradxically, many f us discver that it is smetimes easier t cnfide in a stranger than in smene clse t us.(然而，矛盾的是，我们很多人发现，有时候向陌生人倾诉比向亲近的人倾诉更容易)”以“Yet”转折前文对亲密关系的期待，同时精准呼应下文的提问，符合语境。故选A项。
48．根据上文“If yu share it with a stranger, yu release the tensin and still keep yur persnal wrld away frm it.(如果你把秘密告诉陌生人，既能释放压力，又不会让自己的私人生活受到影响)”以及下文“Yu’ll literally tell them anything in the wrld. This uncertainty between us ushers in a certain ease; the judgement f strangers matters little because it’s unlikely ne will crss paths with them again.(你几乎会把世界上的所有事都告诉他们。这种彼此间的陌生感带来了一种轻松感；陌生人的评价无关紧要，因为你们很可能不会再见面)”可知，此空需要承接前文，解释向陌生人倾诉时的心理状态。F选项“When yu knw yu wn’t see the persn again, yu’re a little t cmfrtable.(当你知道不会再见到这个人时，你会感到格外放松)”中的“wn’t see the persn again”与下文的“unlikely ne will crss paths with them again”相呼应，且点明了这种放松感的来源，符合语境。故选F项。
49．根据下文“Our interactins with strangers lack the baggage f these dynamics. When talking t strangers, hwever, ne can share highly persnal infrmatin withut damaging their reputatin within ne’s scial circle.(我们与陌生人的交往则没有这些复杂的羁绊。然而，和陌生人交谈时，人们可以分享高度私密的信息，而不会损害自己在社交圈中的声誉）”可知，此空需要介绍与亲近的人交往时存在的“羁绊”，与下文形成对比。D选项“Scial cnnectins built ver time cme with assumptins, judgments, and expectatins, which can inhibit individuals frm fully expressing themselves.(长期建立的社会关系会伴随着各种预设、评判和期待，这些都会阻碍人们充分表达自己)”中的“assumptins, judgments, and expectatins”正是下文提到的“baggage f these dynamics”，且与陌生人交往的无羁绊状态形成鲜明对比，符合语境。故选D项。
50．根据上文“Strangers ffer the unique advantage f prviding fresh perspectives and bjective viewpints, ffering unbiased advice and impartial pinins.(陌生人有着独特的优势，他们能提供全新的视角和客观的看法，给出不偏不倚的建议和评价)”以及下文“That is ne f the reasns that we can find slace in the validatin and supprt ffered by strangers, which they were therwise denied by the peple in their lives.(这也是我们能从陌生人的认可和支持中获得慰藉的原因之一，而这些往往是我们无法从身边人那里得到的)”可知，此空需要承接前文，说明陌生人的客观建议能带来的具体积极作用。C选项“They allw us t get ut f ur heads and break up that negative self-fcus, and prevent the train f negative circular thinking.(它们能让我们跳出固有的思维模式，打破消极的自我关注，避免陷入消极的循环思考)”中的“They”指代前文的“fresh perspectives and bjective viewpints”，且阐述了这些观点的积极影响，衔接下文的“find slace”，符合语境。故选C项。
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
51．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Sweetness: The Silent Killer in Disguise
Imagine starting yur day with a flavred ygurt, sipping sda at lunch, and ending with a “healthy” granla bar. Yu’d be shcked t learn these daily chices may cntain ver 50g f added sugar — far exceeding the WHO’s recmmended 25g limit. This uncnscius intake is just the first step tward a chain f health risks, as excessive sugar disrupts ur bdies in ways we ften ignre.
Sugar’s mst immediate threat lies in its metablic disruptin. When cnsumed in excess, fructse (果糖) verlads the liver, cnverting int fat and triggering insulin (胰岛素) resistance. This prcess nt nly raises bld sugar levels but als lays the grundwrk fr type 2 diabetes, as cnfirmed by Harvard research linking high-sugar diets t a 26% higher diabetes risk.
Beynd metablism, sugar wages war n the heart. A study in JAMA Internal Medicine revealed that adults cnsuming 25% f calries frm sugar faced three times the risk f heart-related death. Sugar irritates bld vessels, raises “bad” chlesterl (LDL), and speeds up artery hardening. Research frm the University f Califrnia shws that drinking just ne sugary drink daily increases heart disease risk by 20%.
New research shws hw sugar harms the brain. UCLA studies fund that diets high in sugar make the hippcampus smaller, which weakens memry and learning. Sugar addictin wrks like drug addictin, causing strng sugar cravings that take ver clear thinking. A 2025 Neurscience study fund that sugar cnsumptin ptentially causes memry prblems, restlessness and shrter attentin spans.
Breaking free requires mindful chices: check labels fr hidden sugars, replace sdas with flavred water, and enjy fruits’ natural sweetness. Simple changes, such as picking dark chclate ver candy, can help. Every spnful f sugar is a decisin — chse wisely fr yur health’s future.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Hidden sugars in daily fd exceed health limits, psing severe health risks. It disrupts metablism, increasing diabetes risk thrugh insulin resistance. Sugar als dramatically increases heart disease risk by damaging bld vessels and raising chlesterl. Furthermre, it harms brain functin, weakening cgnitive capacity by shrinking hippcampus and causing addictin. Mindful dietary chices are essential t reduce sugar intake.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日常食物中隐藏的糖分超出健康限度，会带来严重的健康风险。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Yu’d be shcked t learn these daily chices may cntain ver 50g f added sugar — far exceeding the WHO’s recmmended 25g limit.
②Sugar’s mst immediate threat lies in its metablic disruptin. This prcess nt nly raises bld sugar levels but als lays the grundwrk fr type 2 diabetes.
③Beynd metablism, sugar wages war n the heart. Sugar irritates bld vessels, raises “bad” chlesterl (LDL), and speeds up artery hardening.
④New research shws hw sugar harms the brain. Sugar addictin wrks like drug addictin, causing strng sugar cravings that take ver clear thinking.
⑤Breaking free requires mindful chices: check labels fr hidden sugars, replace sdas with flavred water, and enjy fruits’ natural sweetness.
2.缜密构思
将第1个要点作为背景引入，第2、3、4个要点分别阐述糖对代谢、心脏和大脑的危害，第5个要点说明应对措施，重组为一段。
3.遣词造句
Excessive sugar intake disrupts metablism, raising diabetes risk; harms the heart by irritating vessels and raising bad chlesterl; and damages the brain, weakening memry.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hidden sugars in daily fd exceeds health limits, psing severe health risks.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
【高分句型2】Sugar als dramatically increases heart disease risk by damaging bld vessels and raising chlesterl.运用了含有非谓语动词的句子，对原文第二、三段进行了概括。其中动名词damaging，作宾语，表达非常高级。
V. Translatin (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52．这项新政策对员工和公司都大有裨益。 (as…as)

【答案】The new plicy is as beneficial t the emplyees as it is t the cmpany.
【详解】考查名词和固定短语。句子描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，表示“这项新政策”应用名词the new plicy，表示“对……大有裨益”应用短语be beneficial t; 表示“对员工和公司都大有裨益”可以理解为“对员工和公司一样大有裨益”，员工应用可数名词复数形式emplyees，公司表示特指使用the cmpany；“和……一样”应用形容词的同级比较结构as adj as, 第二个as后的部分可省略与前一部分相同的形容词beneficial，即as it is t the cmpany。故翻译为The new plicy is as beneficial t the emplyees as it is t the cmpany.。
53．对于一家老字号品牌而言，如何才能保持吸引力？ (take)

【答案】What des it take fr a time-hnred brand t maintain its appeal?
【详解】考查动词及固定结构。句子描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，what des it take，意为“需要什么/怎样才能”，it为形式主语，“老字号”译为 a time-hnred brand，“保持吸引力”译为maintain its appeal，是真正的主语，应用不定式形式，期中its代替老字号，故翻译为What des it take fr a time-hnred brand t maintain its appeal?
54．随着幕布升起，首次亮相的演员们随着音乐的节拍尽情载歌载舞。(With)

【答案】With the curtain rising, the actrs making their debut danced and sang heartily t the rhythm f the music.
【详解】考查with复合结构和时态。表示“随着幕布升起”用with的复合结构，“幕布”使用名词curtain作宾语，“升起”使用动词rise，和curtain之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作宾补；句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；表示“首次亮相的演员们”用the actrs making their debut，其中现在分词短语“making their debut”作后置定语修饰名词actrs；表示“随着音乐的节拍”用t the rhythm f the music；表示“尽情载歌载舞”用dance and sing heartily，其中动词使用过去式，heartily作状语修饰动词danced and sang。调整语序，故翻译为With the curtain rising, the actrs making their debut danced and sang heartily t the rhythm f the music.
55．上周二，我在一家二手书店淘到了一本漫画书，虽略显陈旧，但插图生动、文字清晰，堪称物超所值。 (wrth)

【答案】Last Tuesday, I picked up a cmic bk at a secnd-hand bkstre; thugh it was slightly wrn, its vivid illustratins and clear text made it well wrth the price.
【详解】考查形容词、固定短语、状语从句和时态。中文原句可拆分为两个分句，用分号连接；“上周二，我在一家二手书店淘到了一本漫画书”是第1分句，时间状语“上周二”译为last Tuesday，主语“我”用人称代词I；地点状语“在一家二手书店”译为介词短语at a secnd-hand bkstre，谓语“淘到”用动词短语pick up表示，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态picked up，宾语“一本漫画书”译为a cmic bk；“虽略显陈旧，但插图生动、文字清晰，堪称物超所值”是第2分句，“虽略显陈旧”是让步状语从句，用从属连词thugh引导，译为thugh it was slightly wrn，“插图生动、文字清晰”可处理为主句主语，译为its vivid illustratins and clear text，“堪称物超所值”可翻译为made it well wrth the price，其中谓语动词made是使役动词，固定短语well wrth the price表示“物有所值”。综上，全句译为：Last Tuesday, I picked up a cmic bk at a secnd-hand bkstre; thugh it was slightly wrn, its vivid illustratins and clear text made it well wrth the price.
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
56．Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
你是明天中学的一名高三学生李华。你们学校将邀请来自英国的大学教授Peter Brwn来访参观。你负责和他联系，他给你发了一封电子邮件（内容如下），请根据他在电子邮件中提出的要求写一封回信。内容须包括：
1) 具体的活动安排；
2) 活动安排的理由。
Dear Li Hua,
I’m a prfessr frm the UK. I’m very interested in Chinese educatin and campus life. I’ll visit yur schl next mnth and wuld like t spend a day experiencing schl life there. Culd yu please design a ne-day schedule fr me and explain yur reasns fr the arrangement?
Yurs,
Peter Brwn
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Prfessr Peter Brwn,
I'm delighted t design a ne-day schedule fr yur visit t ur schl.
In the mrning, frm 8:00-9:00, yu’ll attend a Chinese class. This is t let yu experience the unique charm f Chinese language and culture teaching. Then, frm 9:30-11:00, yu can visit ur schl's clubs, such as the calligraphy club and the traditinal music club. This will help yu understand students’ extracurricular interests and cultural inheritance effrts.
After lunch, frm 14:00-15:30, yu’ll have a discussin with ur teachers n Chinese educatinal systems. Given yur interest in Chinese educatin, this can prvide in-depth insights. Finally, frm 16:00-17:30, yu’ll participate in a class activity with students, like a grup discussin r a game. This is t experience the interactive and lively campus atmsphere.
I believe this schedule can meet yur expectatins f experiencing Chinese educatin and campus life. If yu have any ther requirements, please let me knw.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生向来自英国的大学教授Peter Brwn具体介绍活动安排以及活动安排的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
高兴的：delighted→pleased
独特的：unique→distinctive
深入的：in-depth→prfund
参加：participate in→get invlved in
2.句式拓展：
合并简单句
原句：Then, frm 9:30-11:00, yu can visit ur schl’s clubs, such as the calligraphy club and the traditinal music club. This will help yu understand students’ extracurricular interests and cultural inheritance effrts.
拓展句：Then, frm 9:30-11:00, yu can visit ur schl’s clubs, such as the calligraphy club and the traditinal music club, which will help yu understand students’ extracurricular interests and cultural inheritance effrts.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】I believe this schedule can meet yur expectatins f experiencing Chinese educatin and campus life.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型 2】If yu have any ther requirements, please let me knw.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
A. cnventinal B. cnserve C. exclusively D. massive E. prevail F. initially
G. cnsistent H. recipe I. cpy J. estimate K. functinal
Living with Fire: Surviving the Frest Wildfires f Califrnia
Califrnia wildfires can cause devastating damage t prperty and human lives. But fr plant species that have lived fr thusands f years in the fire-prne Sierra Nevada, frest fires are an expected part f the natural envirnment. This infgraphic intrduces fur different Califrnia plant species, all with different adaptatins t fire.
Giant Sequia·Sequiadendrn giganteum
The giant sequia is the typical example f a fire-adapted plant species. One f the largest trees in the wrld, giant sequias grw particularly well in the mineral sil expsed by wildfire. Giant sequias als have thick bark that prtects them frm lw-severity fires. Because yunger trees may catch fire easily, giant sequia trees grw quickly as anther adaptatin t fire-prne envirnments.
Fire-Resistant Bark
Mature trees can have bark up t 2 feet thick, althugh 6-8inches is mre cmmn. This species grws t a height f 250feet-abut the wing span f a Being 747.
Seed Germinatin (发芽)
Giant sequia seeds germinate particularly well in mineral sil — the sil layer belw the needles and decmpsed material n frest flr that is expsed after fires burn.
Fireweed·Chamerin angustiflium
After a wildfire, fireweed is ne f the first plants t re-grw in burned areas. Like many ther plants that grw in penings created by fire, fireweed seeds are spread by wind. This allws the plant t reach newly burned areas, even if the parent plant is far away. Fireweed is an imprtant pst-disturbance species because it can recycle nutrients frm burned sil. In fact, it was ne f the mst abundant species t reclnize Munt St. Helens after the 1980 vlcanic eruptin.
Wind-spread Seeds
Each fireweed plant can prduce 80,000 seeds per year. These small seeds are dispersed by wind, allwing fireweed t quickly establish clnies in newly disturbed areas.
Pndersa Pine·Pinus pndersa
Pndersa pine has thick bark plates that prtect the tree’s interir and help the tree survive mst fires. Mature trees can withstand high-severity fires, and even yung trees can survive lw-intensity fires. These trees als drp their lwer branches as they grw. With less fuel near the grund, there’s less chance that fire will spread frm the grund up int the living canpy (树冠) tree, destrying the pine needles required fr phtsynthesis. Finally, pndersa pine trees have deep rts that are less likely t be damaged by fire.
Fire-Resistant Bark
The bark f mature pndersa pine trees is thick and plated. This fire-resistant bark cvers a very mist cre that als helps t get rid f heat frm wildfires.
Califrnia Lilac·Ceanthus crdulatus
Califrnia Lilac seeds are cvered by an extremely hard seed cat. Wildfires crack pen this cating, which then allws water t reach the seed and begin the spruting prcess. Seedlings seldm sprut if there is n fire t begin the prcess f germinatin. In fact, Califrnia lilac seeds can lie inactive fr hundreds f years until the next wildfire, althugh the areas where Califrnia lilac grws naturally experience fire every ne r tw decades.
Buried Seeds
Califrnia Lilac seeds buried within the sil can withstand fires as ht as 220°F (105℃)
Sil Seed Bank
Because seeds require fire t germinate, drpped seeds accumulate in sil “seed banks” every year. In sme frests, there are almst 2 millin Califrnia lilac seeds per acre f sil.
A．Yet, paradxically, many f us discver that it is smetimes easier t cnfide in a stranger than in smene clse t us.
B．Smetimes we chse nt t pen ur hearts t family r friends, nt because we dn’t trust them, but because we fear burdening them r altering the relatinship.
C．They allw us t get ut f ur heads and break up that negative self-fcus, and prevent the train f negative circular thinking.
D．Scial cnnectins built ver time cme with assumptins, judgments, and expectatins, which can inhibit individuals frm fully expressing themselves.
E．Perhaps the paradx f intimacy is that the clser we are t smene, the easier it becmes t take them fr granted.
F．When yu knw yu wn’t see the persn again, yu’re a little t cmfrtable.