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      [精] 2025年高考第二次模拟考试卷:英语(上海卷 02)(考试版)

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      2025年高考第二次模拟考试卷:英语(上海卷 02)(考试版)

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      这是一份2025年高考第二次模拟考试卷:英语(上海卷 02)(考试版),共15页。
      (考试时间:120分钟 试卷满分:140分)
      注意事项:
      1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
      2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
      3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
      I.Listening Cmprehensin (第1-10题, 每题1分;第11-20题,每题1.5分;共25分)
      Sectin A
      Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
      1.
      A.Switch ff the fridge fr a while.
      B.Have smene repair the fridge.
      C.Ask the man t fix the fridge.
      D.Buy a fridge f better quality.
      2.
      A.2 days.B.3 days.C.4 days.D.7 days.
      3.
      A.Whether she can travel by air.
      B.If she has any heart prblem.
      C.When she will return hme.
      D.Hw she will cmpletely recver.
      4.
      A.A mvie.B.A dcumentary.C.A sccer game.D.Thanksgiving.
      5.
      A.Chef and custmer.B.Prfessr and student.
      C.Mther and sn.D.Dctr and patient.
      6.
      A.$0.50.B.$1.00.C.$1.50.D.$2.50.
      7.
      A.In the Shanghai Museum.B.In the stre.
      C.In the tunnel.D.In the taxi.
      8.
      A.He desn’t agree with the wman.
      B.Our children will leave us sner r later.
      C.We shuld nt waste natural resurces fr the benefit f ur children.
      D.T much waste water will make the earth plluted.
      9.
      A.A waiter.B.A pliceman.C.A teacher.D.A dctr.
      10.
      A.She disliked nvels until he went t cllege.
      B.She enjyed the class even thugh the teacher was nt gd.
      C.She liked reading nvels rather than histry bks.
      D.The study f literary histry spiled her enjyment f nvels.
      Sectin B
      Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin. The shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
      Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage
      11.A.They want t learn the basics f English.
      B.They benefit frm learning general English skills.
      C.They want t have an up-t-date knwledge f English.
      D.They knw clearly what they want t learn.
      12.A.Dctrs.B.Businessmen.
      C.Reprters.D.Lawyers.
      13.A.Three grups f learners.
      B.The imprtance f business English.
      C.English fr Specific Purpses.
      D.Features f English fr different purpses.
      Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
      14.A.80 percent.B.73 percent.
      C.68 percent.D.19 percent.
      15.A.The drivers have little time t d many things.
      B.The drivers may risk peple’s lives by ding this.
      C.The drivers can’t cncentrate n everything they d.
      D.The drivers may break the traffic regulatins.
      16.A.Yung peple shuld nt be allwed t multitask.
      B.Americans have n chice but t multitask t save time.
      C.Peple shuld d n mre than drive while driving.
      D.Peple can nly multitask in their hmes and ffices.
      Questins 17 thrugh 20 are bused n the fllwing cnversatin.
      17.A.A new surce f fuel il.
      B.An alternative use f fuel il.
      C.A way t make fuel il less plluting
      D.A new methd fr lcating undergrund il.
      18.A.She was ding research fr a paper n it
      B.She was tld abut it by her rmmate.
      C.She read a newspaper article abut it.
      D.She heard abut it in class.
      19.A.T prduce a gas cntaining carbn and hydrgen.
      B.T heat the reactrs t a prper temperature.
      C.T prevent dangerus gases frm frming.
      D.T remve impurities frm methanl
      20.A.It hasn't been fully tested.
      B.It is quite expensive.
      C.It uses up scarce minerals.
      D.It prduces harmful gases.
      II.Grammar and Vcabulary (每题1分;共20分)
      Sectin A
      Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
      Shifting wmen’s styles
      Trends cme and g as time flies. Yu may get sme clues abut the fashin f ancient times frm the vides prduced by Zhu Ruxuan, wh 21 (vte) as ne f Bilibili’s tp 100 cntent creatrs in 2023.
      Brn in 1998, Zhu began sharing her life n Bilibili in 2019, 22 (nickname) “Dudu Hualin”, initially fcusing n vides that shw ppular makeup in China. In 2021, she gained widespread attentin, 23 at first her prductins didn’t grw in ppularity, thanks t a vide depicting the evlutin f the rdinary Chinese wman’s appearance and mindset. In the vide, she als imitated the facial expressins f wmen frm different time perids, capturing the uncertainty in the 1920s in China and their cnfidence 24 female wrkers in the 1950s.
      Despite 25 (lack) frmal acting training, Zhu made full preparatins fr her vides. She studied wmen in ld phts and mvies 26 (imitate) their expressins, striving fr accuracy. Zhu has started paying mre attentin t current scial phenmena 27 (face) wmen since last year. At the end f a vide, fr instance, she depicted a character with pink hair wh suffered cyber bullying due t her hairstyle. Zhu made clear that “I want everyne t see nline vilence culd be fatal and 28 it was a necessary grwth bth fr myself and my creatin”.
      Zhu’s recent vides demnstrate a mre cmpassinate apprach tward wmen in histrical perids. Fr instance, n Dec 13th, the annual Natinal Memrial Day fr Victims f the Nanjing Massacre, she released an anti-war vide, 29 the transfrmatin f an rdinary Chinese wman befre and after the Nanjing massacre was prtrayed. This vide, which tk tw mnths t create, drew inspiratin frm Iris Chang’s bk The Rape f Nanking, in which wmen cut their hair shrt during the war t cnceal 30 amng the refugees.
      Sectin B
      Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
      AI ges ancient t preserve thusand-year-ld Chinese pagda
      In the heart f China’s Shanxi Prvince stands a remarkable testament t human ingenuity and resilience: the Yingxian Wden Pagda. Nearly a thusand years ld, this architectural marvel has 31 the ravages f time, surviving the chas f wars and the fury f natural disasters. Standing 67 meters high, the structure - als called the Sakyamuni Pagda f the Fgng Temple - 32 abve the surrunding landscape, multi-tiered wden rfs ffering a striking cntrast t the rlling hills and smaller buildings that dt the regin.
      Even with its staggering resilience, the pagda is shwing its 33 age. Built in 1056 and recgnized by UNESCO as the wrld’s ldest and tallest entirely wden structure, the Yingxian pagda faces the inevitable effects f time: weathering, structural fatigue, and the 34 threat f wd decay. In fact, it is n lnger accessible t turists wh wuld therwise leap at the chance t step back in time.
      Nw, the pagda’s unparalleled value t shared wrld heritage has inspired a revlutinary effrt t preserve it fr future generatins. Lenv, the glbal technlgy leader, will 35 this ancient treasure using grundbreaking artificial intelligence (AI) technlgy. In cllabratin with Tsinghua University’s Schl f Architecture, Lenv launched the “Smart Yingxian Pagda” prject t create a 36 twin f the pagda that captures every exquisite detail f its architecture, frm intricate wd grains t subtle imperfectins in statues.
      This AI-pwered replicatin is much mre than just a high-fidelity virtual mdel - the interactive, navigable experience demcratizes 37 t the pagda’s splendr, allwing peple frm arund the wrld t explre and study its ancient halls. Mrever, it accelerates nging restrative effrts and ensures they 38 adhere t the riginal style, preserving the pagda’s histrical integrity.
      “AI fr cultural heritage is abut using 39 technlgy t reach back a thusand years t preserve these wnders fr the future,” said Shijie Ma, Lenv vice president and directr f research in Shanghai “We relentlessly pursue innvatin and transfrmatin, especially in the era f AI, but always with an eye n ur cmmunities and human experiences. This 40 embdies ur cmmitment t smarter AI fr all.”
      Lking ahead, Lenv is explring invlvement in similar heritage preservatin prjects glbally, welcming mre pprtunities fr cllabratin.
      III.Reading Cmprehensin (共45分。 41-55每题1分;56-70每题2分)
      Sectin A
      Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
      As children, ur primary surce f supprt cmes frm ur parents. But as we get lder, we start t spend significantly mre time with 41 , says Kaitlin Flannery, an assciate prfessr in psychlgy at State University f New Yrk Cllege, Crtland. “There’s a different 42 that we have with friends; they help us shape ur identity thrughut ur life.”
      Flannery pints ut that in its initial stages, friendship is built n similarity. “We’ re scial creatures. We want 43 ,” says Flannery. “We want apprval frm nt nly ur family, but ur same-agers. And s that’s where friendships start t really becme these essential 44 f scial supprt, but als fun and cmpaninship.”
      Much f the research n friendship disslutin has fcused n children and adlescents, an age when it is quite cmmn fr friendships t 45 . In Flannery’s research, lking at a sample f 354 middle schl students, 86% said they had a friendship end recently. Mst put it dwn t cnflict r a betrayal f trust. Anther predictr was the lack f supprt frm friends, r that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed frm their friends — 46 , cmpaninship, r n lnger having fun tgether. The ending f friendships reprtedly stirred 47 emtins fr the middle schlers, including sadness, but als happiness and relief, depending n why the disslutin happened, hw it ended, and wh initiated it.
      In sme cases, friendships are simply 48 frm “best” friend status t “gd” friends. Anther year-lng study f friendship in seventh graders saw that’ nly abut half f “best friendships” remained 29 thrughut the schl year. Older adlescents’ friendships are mderately mre cnsistent ver the curse ver the schl year, the research suggests.
      Such high schl friendships may 50 as friends mve apart fr university and cllege. This may partly be caused by the physical 51 that is intrduced between friends. But, as yung adults navigate increasingly cmplex scial netwrks, as well as their wn and thers’ expectatins, friendships can als becme less cnsistent.
      As in the previus life stages, friendship disslvement is als an pprtunity fr yung adults t practice getting alng with thers. One study fund that peple with a “ 52 ” mindset abut relatinships — meaning, the belief that relatinships require effrt and can grw and develp — were mre willing t maintain and wrk n their friendships. Others may feel that as their interests change, it is mre rewarding t spend time with 53 friends.
      But strng friendships can survive and 54 t such life changes, research shws. “Whenever I lk at friendship disslutin, my takeaway is there are certain aspects f life that can disrupt friendships, but there are als just as many examples f friendships that have been able t 55 these life changes and grw clser,” says Flannery.
      41.A.teachersB.parentsC.agentsD.peers
      42.A.prblemB.bndC.lessnD.argument
      43.A.acceptanceB.assistanceC.attentinD.assciatin
      44.A.requirementsB.purpsesC.surcesD.services
      45.A.turn ffB.break utC.turn verD.break apart
      46.A.n the cntraryB.as a resultC.fr exampleD.in additin
      47.A.psitiveB.shallwC.negativeD.cmplex
      48.A.heightenedB.exprtedC.dwngradedD.separated
      49.A.neutralB.unclearC.weakD.stable
      50.A.wrkB.renewC.fadeD.last
      51.A.distanceB.featureC.cntactD.develpment
      52.A.awarenessB.grwthC.scienceD.humanity
      53.A.newB.yungC.adultD.clse
      54.A.adaptB.returnC.stickD.bject
      55.A.facilitateB.weatherC.assessD.mnitr
      Sectin B
      Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
      (A)
      It’s nrmal fr yung children t cheat when they’re playing bard games. As they grw lder, they realize that the fun is actually in taking part in the game, nt necessarily in winning it. By the time they reach their teens, they have usually learned nt t cheat. Sadly, this was nt the case fr a player in a natinal bard game champinship held annually in the US. The player wanted t win s much that he turned t cheating.
      The bard game was Scrabble. In the game, players have t make wrds frm individual letters n small squares called “tiles,” and then put the wrds n a bard. Tw f the mst useful tiles in the game are the blanks, which are tiles withut any letters n them. A blank isn’t wrth any pints, but a player can use it t replace any letter f the alphabet.
      The cheater in this particular cmpetitin was a 15-year-ld by frm Orland, Flrida. He had surprised rganizers in the early stages f the cmpetitin by beating sme f the best players, despite the fact that he had never played in cmpetitins befre. This made sme f the ther players suspicius, including the man wh caught him, 43-year-ld Arthur Mre. Mre had already played the by the day befre, and Mre had wn the game, althugh the by had had bth f the blank tiles. In Scrabble, befre a new game starts, the players put the tiles frm the previus game back int a small bag. This time, Mre had a gd lk at the tiles n the table befre he and his ppnent put them in the bag t start the game. He was nt surprised t see that the tw blanks were tgether n the table in frnt f the by. As the tw players were putting the tiles int the bag. Mre watched the by’s left hand. He saw the by pick up the tw blanks, and put his hand under the table. This was the signal fr Mre t call ne f the rganizers and accuse the by f cheating.
      When the by was taken away fr questining, he admitted t taking the tw blanks during the game and hiding them under the table. As a result f his cheating, the cmpetitin directr disqualified him and banned him frm playing in the cmpetitin again.
      56.Accrding t the passage, why d yung children cheat in bard games?
      A.They are eager t win.B.They dislike the games.
      C.They dn’t knw what cheating is.D.They dn’t want t take part in the games.
      57.Why are the tw blank tiles mst useful in Scrabble?
      A.They are the mst bvius tiles in the game.
      B.Players can decide hw many pints they are wrth.
      C.Players earn mre pints if they leave the tiles unused.
      D.They can be used when players dn’t have the right letter.
      58.The wrd “suspicius” (in paragraph 3) mst prbably means “________”.
      A.supprtiveB.disappintedC.mistrustfulD.hnured
      59.Hw did the by cheat?
      A.By putting the tiles int his wn bag.B.By hiding the blank tiles fr future use.
      C.By cperating with his ppnent secretly.D.By lying that he had never played the game.
      (B)
      60.New rules f tipping are recmmended because .
      A.the pandemic has driven many businesses t financial ruin
      B.sme peple have t wrk frm hme withut interactin
      C.custmers dismiss the ld standards as unfair t themselves
      D.sme ld tipping standards can’t help sme service wrkers ut nw
      61.Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
      A.Tip every wrker fairly in case sme may keep the mney t himself.
      B.The mre yu tip, the better service yu will receive.
      C.Writing a review nline is highly recmmended t express gratitude.
      D.There is n need t tip the bss because he desn’t prvide any service.
      62. did best in tipping accrding t the recmmended rules.
      A.GinnaB.JanC.SusanD.Linn
      (C)
      The danger f a majr slar strm is nw at its highest in ver a decade As the Sun reaches the peak f its activity cycle, the dds f such a strm hitting Earth rise alng with its assciated risks, including blackuts, disabled satellites and damaged cell phnes and GPS netwrks. In the mst extreme scenaris, sme pwer grids culd be kncked ut fr weeks r even mnths.
      But that is the wrst case. In the face f such ptential disaster, ur best hpe is t learn mre abut the Sun-Earth system, mnitr slar activity and develp ur ability t predict space weather. With the right precautins, slar activity culd be a net psitive fr humanity, as it cnstantly prtects us against harmful radiatin frm beynd the Slar System S whether we risk the dangers r reap the benefits f living with the Sun will cme dwn t the same thing: ur ability t predict and prepare fr what ur star is ging t d next.
      The whle predictin prcess is like frecasting nrmal weather the mre yu understand the system, the better yu can predict what it will d. This is n easy task when it cmes t ur star. The Sun is cmplex and nt yet well understd, and scientists must als get a better handle n hw its emissins travel thrugh space and affect Earth. Cmpared t frecasting the nrmal weather, ur space weather predictins are abut 50 years behind
      That’s why missins like the Parker Slar Prbe - the first spacecraft ever t tuch the Sun-are all the mre imprtant. Launched in 2018, Parker has already made several discveries abut hw the Sun transprts energy utward int space. The spacecraft’s data have helped scientists imprve their ability t predict exactly when an event at the Sun will later reach Earth. Establishing that timing is imprtant, because it’s an essential first step t an early warning system that wuld help avid the wrst-case scenari.
      Yet ur current prjects are nt enugh. Parker is nt designed t act as a full-time warming system, and it can nly study the Sun frm ne angle at a time. S a cnstellatin f satellites arund the Sun are recmmended t cmpletely mnitr the Sun and always be ready t send warnings back t Earth.
      63.Which f the fllwing is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd!
      A.btainB.eliminateC.strengthenD.tlerate
      64.Which f the fllwing is mentined in paragraph 2?
      A.The slar system releases a lt f harmful radiatin t humanity.
      B.Peple must learn mre t reverse the wrst result caused by the Sun.
      C.Slar activities, if dealt with prperly, can be very beneficial t humanity.
      D.The ptential disaster can be fully prevented if we make accurate predictin.
      65.What is the main message cnveyed in the passage?
      A.Imprving space weather predictins is crucial fr preparedness.
      B.The Sun’s energy transprt mechanisms have been fully understd.
      C.The frequency f slar strms has significantly increased ver the past decade.
      D.A full-time warning system is the nly slutin t preventing slar strm impacts.
      66.What will the fllwing paragraphs prbably talk abut?
      A.The sunny sides f space weather and slar activities
      B.The drawback f the current slar predictin prjects.
      C.The ways t prtect the Earth frm ptential slar strms.
      D.The measures t imprve and redesign the Parker Slar Prbe.
      Sectin C
      Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
      The Stanley Cup Craze
      Fr Christmas, Sarah Andersn decided t buy herself ne f the mst ppular pieces f drinkware n the market: The 40-unce Stanley H2.0FlwState Tumbler. Tumblers, water bttles, beverage cntainers r whatever else peple want t call them have becme even mre ppular ver the last several years. 67 “A lt f us are int wellness, drinking yur vitamins, this and that.” said Melina Vega, a lifestyle, beauty and fashin cntent creatr. Plus, she said the influencers n TikTk, make these prducts ppular by simply talking abut them.
      Cuntless cntent creatrs have been sharing “unbxing” vides and prduct reviews, gaining hundreds f thusands f likes. 68 In particular, Stanley Glbal President Terrence Reilly said, there was a 275% increase in Stanley H2.0 FlwState Tumbler sales last year.
      Befre the recent craze, cheerleaders and scial media influencers didn’t always cme t mind when thinking f Stanley. Fr ver 100 years, Stanley has mstly marketed itself as a camping and utdrs brand. “ 69 ” Stanley Glbal President Terrence Reilly said. He described Stanley as an American legacy brand and pinted t the green Stanley therms as the tp chice fr cnstructin wrkers, teachers, nurses and thers. But the idea f adjusting the target custmers riginated with the three wmen behind the ppular e-cmmerce blg, The Buy Guide, wh began linking the Stanley n their website in 2017 after falling in lve with the prduct themselves. It sld ut quickly each time they shared it. “ 70 We wanted t stay green, male and ht but als becme mre clrful, female and cld.” Reilly said. He explained that while Stanley planned t still advertise t the utdrsman, it wuld als stylishly fcus n this missed audience f wmen n the g, wh need their cld drinks t last all day.
      A.I think it speaks t the pwer f wmen selling t wmen.
      B.What makes peple g wild fr these highly specific drink bttles?
      C.Green, male and ht. That’s what Stanley has been, and we’re prud f that.
      D.These likes have translated int significant sales gains, dubling the cmpany’s business tw years in a rw.
      E.They have a phenmenal pulse n the cnversatins n scial media—what are peple talking abut?
      F.Right nw, besides sme camping ckware, Stanley’s prducts are restricted t the beverage-and-cntainer space.
      IV.Summary Writing (共10分)
      Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint( s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
      The psychlgy behind sprts fandm
      We all knw there are sprts fans all arund the wrld. But what psychlgical prcesses drive them t supprt their favrite athletes r teams with such passin, even withut the pssibility f reward?
      Psychlgists have lng been interested in this tpic. Their survey reveals that peple’s need fr a sense f belnging is met when cnnected t smething bigger than themselves. It taps int their need fr purpse. Withut this cnnectin, they may feel that what they d desn’t really matter. Sprts fandm tends t invlve a deep emtinal attachment, t. Fans may nt directly cntribute t the results f matches, but they feel each win and lss as their wn. As a result, they cntinue t put in their emtins, time, energy — and ften mney — t supprt their favrite stars r teams.
      Sprts fans cnsider their devtin t be a rewarding investment. Fandm can serve as a frm f escape, allwing them t temprarily discnnect frm their daily stresses. It als raises self-esteem, as fans ften assciate themselves with successful teams and feel a sense f pride. In additin, being part f a sprts cmmunity can strengthen scial bnds. Fr example, fans tend t say “we,” “us” and “ur” t shw their attachment t their favrite team, especially when it perfrms well. This shared language fsters a sense f tgetherness and helps peple build friendships. This is mre imprtant than ever nwadays as ther bnds acrss sciety have weakened, such as music and pp culture.
      Hwever, sprts fans shuld nt put t many eggs in the sprts basket. After all, being a fan is all abut chasing mments f pure jy that stay with yu fr a lng time, whereas the heavy emtinal investment can lead t feelings f anxiety r disappintment when a team r athlete perfrms badly. Fr sme peple, the attachment becmes s strng that it affects their nrmal lives. There have been extreme cases f peple skipping a child’s wedding fr a certain game!
      ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
      V.Translatin (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
      Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
      72.众所周知,陶渊明是中国古代一位杰出和有影响力的诗人,他写了一百三十余首诗。(acknwledge)(汉译英)

      73.古代人并不知道季节变化会影响农作物的收成;相反,他们将丰收归功于祖先的庇护。(credit) (汉译英)

      74.心怀对中国历史和哲学的崇敬之情,这位葡萄牙作家盼望着有朝一日能去中国看看。(lk)(汉译英)

      75.如今,风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台,更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机。(mre than)(汉译英)

      VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
      假如你是浦汇中学的学生会主席李华。下周德国Bayern中学的师生将在来沪访问的期间,造访学校半天。学校打算安排一次文化交流活动。现在拟从三个备选方案中选一个:
      (1)剪纸教学;(2)舞龙(Dragn Dance)表演;(3)足球友谊赛。
      请写一封信给校长,信的内容包括:①你推荐的方案;②你推荐的理由。
      ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
      A.digital
      B.initiative
      C. cnsiderable
      D.safeguard
      E. cutting-edge
      F. access
      G. strictly
      H. weathered
      I. ever-present
      J. twers
      K. cmprehensive
      Knw hw much t tipNew rules f gratuities
      The pandemic has been particularly hard n peple wh wrk fr tips. Sme haven’t been able t d their jbs at all, while thers dn’t interact with custmers the same way. In either case, tips dried up, causing a lt f peple t suffer. Meanwhile, many custmers felt the need t tip mre because f the new risks and hardships that essential service wrkers suddenly faced.
      Just as many services have changed, s shuld tipping. Sme ld standards n lnger seem fair, and several newer nes will apply lng after the pandemic is ver.
      Sme new rules f tipping that are likely here t stay:
      Give mre if yu can. It’s cmmn fr tips t be divided between all the wrkers at a stre r restaurant, nt just thse wh interact directly with custmers. S giving generusly ensures a fairer tip fr all.
      Think utside the (cash) bx.
      Yu can als “tip” with a thank-yu nte r a hmemade gift when a business (r yur budget) desn’t permit gratuities. Cnsider writing a review nline, making sure t name names.
      Treat business wners differently. A practice f the past, tipping the bss separately is n lnger necessary. But if she serves yu, tip her as yu wuld any f her wrkers.
      As fr specific situatins, here’s what the experts recmmend:
      FOOD AND DRINKS
      Restaurant wrkers
      Old rule: Leave a tip nly when yu dine in.
      New rule: Always tip, even fr takeut.
      Tip: 15 t 20 percent when yu dine in, and 10 t 15 percent n takeut r delivery rders.
      Persnal shppers
      Old rule: N/A (Nt applicable). Many f these services, such as grcery pickup, are newer.
      New rule: Tip, and d it in the app, since yu are unlikely t interact directly with yur shpper.
      Tip: 10 t 15 percent. If a tip is already included, add a few dllars extra.
      HOME DELIVERIES
      Package delivery drivers
      Old rule: Dn’t tip.
      New rule: Shw appreciatin if yu get deliveries mre than nce a week.
      Tip: Drinks, snacks, r $5 t $20 if a package is particularly heavy r large. Pstal wrkers cannt accept cash r gifts wrth mre than $50 per year. UPS tells drivers t decline tips unless a custmer insists. And FedEx prhibits emplyees frm accepting cash r cash equivalents (such as gift cards).
      Flwer delivery drivers
      Old rule: The persn wh places the rder tips thse wh deliver flwers (and ther specialty items).
      New rule: Yu can’t assume the gift giver already tipped, s if yu’re lucky enugh t get such a delivery, pass the gdwill alng in the frm f a tip.
      Tip: $5 t $10.
      PERSONAL SERVICES
      Ride-share drivers
      Old rule: Tip in cash.
      New rule: Ask yur driver. The Lyft and Uber apps let yu add gratuities, but sme drivers prefer cash.
      Tip: 15 t 20 percent.
      Name
      Situatin
      Tip
      Ginna
      rder a rast gse ($50) at Kam’s Rasts fr takeut
      $0 fr the waiter
      Jan
      take a delivery f a package frm FedEx (bttled water, 500ml, 24-pack)
      $10 fr the FedEx delivery man
      Susan
      receive a bunch f flwers delivered by a Flwer Plus driver
      $5 (cash) fr the gardener
      Linn
      take a Uber ($15) frm St Vincent’s Hspital t the Central Library
      $3 (cash) fr the driver

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