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【01-暑假复习】专题10 常见三大从句 (状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句) (教师版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (译林版)
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内容导航
考点聚焦:核心考点+高考考点,有的放矢
重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺
难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升
复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破
核心考点聚焦
考点一
状语从句
【易混辨析】
1. while,when,as
when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用,也可以指“时间段”,与延续性动词连用(=while)。如:
When he came in,his mther was cking.
When/While we were at schl,we went t the library every day.
while表示时间段,因此,while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如:
Please dn't talk s lud while thers are wrking.
as与when用法相似,但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生,有“随着……”或“一边……一边……”之意。如:
As yu get lder,yu get mre knwledge.
2. because,as,since
because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题,语气最强;as用于说明原因,着重点在主句,常译成“由于”;since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实,常译成“既然”。如:
Water is very imprtant because we can't live withut it.
He didn't cme yesterday as his mther was ill.
I'll d it fr yu since yu are busy.
3. ,,s that 引导结果状语从句的区别
(1)s that 表示结果和目的时的区别:
s that表示目的时,从句中往往有can, culd, may, might等情态动词,而表示结果时没有;s that引导结果状语从句可用逗号与主句分开,引导目的状语从句则不可。
They set ut early s that they arrived in time.(结果)
They set ut early s that they might arrive in time.(目的)
(2)与的区别:
s为副词,修饰形容词、副词,不能修饰名词;such是形容词,用来修饰名词。两者常用的结构如下:
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(s+形容词/副词+that从句,s+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句,s+many/few/much/little (少的)+复数名词/不可, 数名词+that从句))
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句,such+形容词+复数名词+that从句,such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句))
Mike is s hnest a wrker that we all believe him.
=Mike is such an hnest wrker that we all believe him.
He earned s little mney that he culdn't supprt his family.
It is such fine weather that we all want t g t the park.
1.(24-25高一下·吉林长春·开学考试)Exhausted and cld ________ sldiers were, they persisted in finishing their lng march.
【答案】as/thugh
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意:尽管士兵们又累又冷,他们还是坚持走完长征。“士兵们又累又冷”和“他们坚持走完长征”之间是让步的关系,且形容词Exhausted和cld置于句首,从句使用了部分倒装,因此用连词as或thugh引导让步状语从句。故填as/thugh。
2.(24-25高一上·四川达州·开学考试)I did nt understand all f the traditinal custms, ________ a few made a deep impressin ________ me.
【答案】althugh/thugh; n
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。句意:我并不了解所有的传统习俗,尽管有一些习俗确实给我留下了深刻的印象。第一空引导让步状语从句用从属连词althugh/thugh,固定短语make a deep impressin n (给……留下深刻的印象)。故填①althugh/thugh ②n。
3. ________(assume) that I am chsen t be a vlunteer, I will serve the peple heart and sul.
【答案】Assuming
【详解】考查状语从句。句意:假如我被选为志愿者,我将全心全意为人民服务。此处缺少连接词,assuming“假如”引导条件状语从句,符合句意,位于句首注意首字母大写。故填Assuming。
4. We are willing t ffer help, n matter ________ is in truble.
【答案】wh
考点二
宾语从句
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意:无论谁有麻烦,我们都愿意提供帮助。结合句意,用n matter wh (无论谁)引导让步状语从句。故填wh。
在句中担当宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句用陈述语序,即主语在谓语的前面。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted t stay at hme.
2. 在由连接代词wh,whm,whse,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,hw引导的宾语从句中,这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
Wh/Whm d yu knw they are waiting fr?
你知道他们在等谁吗?
He asked whse handwriting was the best.
他问谁的书法是最好的。
I dn't knw why the train is late.
我不知道为什么火车晚点了。
3. 以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序。
He asked me if/whether I culd help him.
他问我是否可以帮助他。
注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外。
(1)当从句作介词的宾语时只用whether不用if。
Everything depends n whether we have enugh mney.
一切取决于我们是否有足够的钱。
(2)引导词后直接跟动词不定式或r nt时,只用whether。
We were wndering whether t g tday r tmrrw.
我们想知道今天走还是明天走。
【温馨提示】宾语从句的时态和语序
(1)当主句是一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句时,从句不受主句的限制,根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。
D yu knw whether he has seen the film?
你知道他看过这部电影吗?
He wants t knw what time it is.
他想知道几点了。
(2)当主句是一般过去时,从句要用过去时的相应时态。
I didn't knw whether he had seen the film.
我不知道他是否看过这部电影。
注意:当主句是一般过去时,若从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象、科学原理、格言等,从句仍然要用一般现在时。
He said that the earth mves arund the sun.
他说地球围着太阳转。
1.(24-25高一下·甘肃兰州·开学考试)A mdern hspital has been set up in ________ was a wasteland ten years ag.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:在十年前还是荒地的地方建了一所现代化的医院。空处引导宾语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,指物,使用连接代词what引导,故填what。
2. Yu can imagine ________ it wuld be like driving a car int a brick wall at 30 miles an hur.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:你可以想象一辆汽车以每小时30英里的速度撞在一堵砖墙上的情景。分析句子可知此处要用what引导宾语从句,what在句中充当like的宾语,表示“什么”。故填what。
3.(24-25高一上·黑龙江牡丹江·开学考试)I am wndering ________ life is ging t be like here.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我想知道这的生活将会是什么样子。划线词引导的句子作动词wnder的宾语,根据句意“生活会是什么样子”可知,从句引导词作宾语,用连接词what。故填what。
4. Yu can imagine ________ it wuld be like living n the mn.
【答案】what
考点三
定语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:你可以想象在月球上生活会是什么样子。根据空前的动词inagine可知该空引导宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,表示“什么”应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
定语从句在句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词:wh,whm,whse,that,which,as。
关系副词:when,where,why。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可作定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词作宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称和数上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1. wh,whm,that 这些词代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man wh/that wants t see yu?(wh/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man (wh/whm/that) I saw yesterday.(wh/whm/that在从句中作宾语)
2. whse 用来指人或物(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同f which互换)。如:
Please pass me the bk whse/f which the cver is green.
3. which,that 它们所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如:
A prsperity which/that had never been seen befre appears in the cuntryside.(which/that在从句中作主语)
The package (which/that) yu are carrying is abut t cme unwrapped.(which/that在从句中作宾语)
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点、方式或原因的名词,在从句中作状语。
关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构,因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。如:
There are ccasins when/n which ne must yield.
Beijing is the place where/in which I was brn.
Is this the reasn why/fr which he refused ur ffer?
注意:含有介词的短语动词一般不能拆开,介词仍放在动词后面。
Is this the bk which/that she was lking fr?
三、“名词/数词/代词/形容词最高级+介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
She has written a bk,the name f which I have frgtten.
There are fiftyfive students in ur class,all f whm are wrking hard.
There are seven cntinents in the wrld,the largest f which is Asia.
【温馨提示】关系代词that和which 都可以指物,that 和wh 都可以指人,其用法区别:
(1)不用that的情况
①在引导非限制性定语从句时
(错)The tree,that is fur hundred years ld,is very famus here.
②介词后不能用
We depend n the land frm which we get ur fd.
③多用wh 的情况
a. 关系代词在从句中作主语
A friend wh helps yu in time f need is a real friend.
b. 先行词为thse,peple 时
Thse wh were either fls r unfit fr their ffices culd nt see the clth.
c. 先行词为all,anyne,nes,ne (指人时)
One wh desn't wrk hard will never succeed in his wrk.
d. 在There be句型中
There is a stranger wh wants t see yu.
e. 在被分隔的定语从句中
A new teacher will cme tmrrw wh will teach yu German.
(2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
①在不定代词,如anything,nthing,everything,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。
All that is needed is a supply f il.
②先行词被the nly,the very,the just等修饰时,只用that。
He is the very man that helped the girl ut f the water.
③先行词被序数词(含the last)或形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。
The first English bk that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper” by Mark Twain.
④先行词既有人,又有物时。
He talked abut the teachers and schls that he visited.
⑤当主句是以wh 或which 开头的特殊疑问句时,用that 以避免重复。
Wh is the persn that is standing at the gate?
⑥关系代词在从句中作表语时。
He is nt the man that he used t be.
1.(24-25高一下·甘肃张掖·开学考试)The intelligent yung teacher, ________ advcates(倡导) integrating new knwledge with what the students already knw, gives an impressive lessn.
【答案】wh
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这位聪明的年轻老师提倡把新知识和学生们所学的知识结合起来,他的课给人留下了深刻的印象。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词teacher,在从句作主语,指人。故填wh。
2.(24-25高一下·黑龙江大庆·开学考试)I’m very grateful t my high schl teachers, withut ________ help I wuldn’t be s excellent.
【答案】whse
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我非常感谢我的高中老师,没有他们的帮助,我就不会这么优秀。逗号后的部分是非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰空格后的名词help,且意义为“其,……的”,所以关系代词whse引导从句。故填whse。
3.(24-25高一下·安徽·开学考试)The path ________ we are walking nw leads t the muntain.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们现在走的那条小路通向那座山。设空处引导定语从句,先行词the path,在定语从句中作地点状语,需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
4.(24-25高一下·安徽·开学考试)The fire frm ________ the family was saved was put ut within an hur by the firefighters.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:消防队员在一小时内扑灭了那场大火,使这家人得救。空处与frm构成“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句,先行词为the fire,作从句中frm的宾语,表示物,用which。故填which。
1. ________ yu lse in life, dn’t lse faith and hpe, with which yu can live a happy life and achieve yur gals.
【答案】Whatever
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意:无论你在生活中失去了什么,都不要失去信心和希望,有了信心和希望你就能过上幸福的生活并实现你的目标。分析句子可知,设空处是让步状语从句的引导词,从句缺少宾语,表示“无论什么”需要whatever,位于句首首字母大写,故填Whatever。
2. Put the medicine________ children can’t reach it.
【答案】where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意:把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。分析句子结构,这是一个包含地点状语从句的复合句,使用where引导的状语从句,故填where。
3. It is mre than ten years ________ I became a teacher.
【答案】since
【详解】考查固定句型和连词。句意:我当老师已经十多年了。此处为固定句型:it is+一段时间+since+句子,意为“(自)……已经多久”,since引导时间状语从句。故填since。
4. I am always attentive in all classes and think actively s ________ I can have mre time t d ther things I like s much.
【答案】that
【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意:我在所有的课上都很专心,积极思考,这样我就有更多的时间做我喜欢的其他事情。分析句子可知,此处是“s that”引导目的状语从句,意为“以至于”,故填that。
5. Breakfast is available t the fishermen ________ get up early and g fishing in the sea frm 6 am.
【答案】wh/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:早餐提供给那些早上 6 点就起床去海里捕鱼的渔民。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the fishermen,作从句中的主语,表示人,可以用wh/that引导从句。故填wh/that。
6. It was n the platfrm ________ yu std just nw that I fund a wallet.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我就是在你刚才站的那个站台上捡到一个钱包的。此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句,修饰先行词platfrm,先行词在从句中作地点状语,因此需使用关系副词where。故填where。
7. This is the place ________ I grew up.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这是我长大的地方。空处引导定语从句,先行词是place,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导,故填where。
8. The bk ________ which we had a discussin yesterday is very interesting.
【答案】abut
【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意:我们昨天讨论过的那本书很有趣。分析句子可知,“have a discussin abut sth.”是固定短语,意为“关于某事进行讨论”。在这个句子中,“The bk”是先行词,which和abut构成“介词+which”结构引导定语从句。故填abut。
9. The literature’s attractin lies mre in ________ it awakens in us than what it says
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:文学的吸引力更多的是它在我们身上唤醒的东西,而不是它说的东西。介词in后接宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,且指物,所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
10. Jane asked her father ________ he was late fr the party that day.
【答案】why
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:Jane问她父亲那天聚会为什么迟到。分析句子结构可知,此处应为连接词引导的宾语从句,从句中不缺少主语和宾语,句意不完整,结合句意可知,此处表示“为什么”符合语境,所以此处应使用连接副词why。故填why。
11. This will remind yu f ________ yu are wrking fr and keep yu fcused.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:这会提醒你工作的目的,让你集中精力。引导宾语从句,作从句介词fr的宾语,指事物,用连接代词what。故填what。
12. A man’s wrth lies nt s much in ________ he has as in what he is.
【答案】what
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:一个人的价值不在于他拥有什么,而在于他是什么。连接代词what引导名词性从句时,在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,表示“……的人/事/物”。分析句子可知,空格后是宾语从句,从句引导词在从句中作has的宾语,表示“他所拥有的东西”。综上,应用连接代词what引导词该宾语从句。故填what。
提升专练
I.单句写作
1. 他如此专心读书以至于根本没注意到外面在下雨。(s…… that)(汉译英)
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【答案】He was s absrbed in his bk that he didn’t ntice it was raining utside.
【详解】考查状语从句和短语。主句主语为He;表示“专心读书”用短语be absrbed in his bk;表示“如此……以至于……”用句式,引导结果状语从句;表示“注意”用动词ntice;分析可知,本句为陈述过去事情,所以用一般过去时。动词ntice后接宾语从句,可省略连接词that;从句表示“外面在下雨”,为过去正在发生的事情,用过去进行时,翻译为it was raining utside。故翻译为He was s absrbed in his bk that he didn’t ntice it was raining utside。
2. 昨天当我路过体育室的时候,我看见Maria在跳舞。(when...) (汉译英)
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【答案】Yesterday, when I passed by the sprts rm, I saw Maria dancing.
【详解】考查时态和时间状语从句。“昨天”译为yesterday,位于句首,首字母大写用Yesterday作时间状语,句子使用一般过去时;“当……时候”用when引导时间状语从句,从句主语“我”译为I,“路过”译为pass by,动词使用过去式形式作谓语,宾语“体育室”译为the sprts rm;主句主语I,“看见”译为see,动词使用过去式形式作谓语,Maria作宾语,“跳舞”译为dance,与Maria是主动关系,用现在分词形式dancing作宾语补足语。故翻译为Yesterday, when I passed by the sprts rm, I saw Maria dancing.
3. 他没有来学校是因为他有重要的事情要做。(汉译英)
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【答案】He didn’t cme t schl, because he had smething imprtant t d.
【详解】考查短语、时态和原因状语从句。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。“来学校”用短语cme t schl;“因为”用连词because,引导原因状语从句;“有重要的事情要做”翻译为have smething imprtant t d。根据句意,故翻译为He didn’t cme t schl, because he had smething imprtant t d.
4. 如果你方便的话,明天下午能帮我筹备一下生日聚会吗? (cnvenient; arrange)(汉译英)
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【答案】Culd yu help me arrange the birthday party tmrrw afternn if it is cnvenient fr yu?
【详解】考查一般疑问句和条件状语从句。原句是一个一般疑问句,是一个包含条件状语从句的复合句,“如果你方便的话”用if it is cnvenient fr yu在句子中做条件状语从句,用一般现在时来表示将来的动作或状态,表示“能做……吗?”含义的表达为Culd yu…?句首单词首字母大写,表示“帮助某人做某事”含义的表达为help sb. d sth.,本句中“帮我筹备”应用help me arrange,“生日聚会”应用the birthday party,时间状语“明天下午”用tmrrw afternn。故翻译为Culd yu help me arrange the birthday party tmrrw afternn if it is cnvenient fr yu?
5. 你能告诉我从你家走到学校要花多少时间? (take) (汉译英)
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【答案】Culd yu tell me hw lng it takes t walk frm yur hme t the schl? /Culd yu tell me hw lng it takes t get t the schl frm yur hme n ft?
【详解】考查宾语从句和情态动词。根据句意,“告诉”为tell,“我”为me,“你能告诉我”为Culd yu tell me ,后接宾语从句,连接词为“hw lng”,“花费时间做某事”为it takes+时间+t d sth。“你家走到学校”为walk frm yur hme t the schl或者 get t the schl frm yur hme n ft。故翻译为Culd yu tell me hw lng it takes t walk frm yur hme t the schl? /Culd yu tell me hw lng it takes t get t the schl frm yur hme n ft?
6. 我希望能尽快收到你的照片。(hpe) (汉译英)
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【答案】I hpe (that) I can/will receive yur pht(s) as sn as pssible.//I hpe t receive yur pht(s) as sn as pssible.
【详解】考查宾语从句,时态和固定短语。根据句意可知,句子描述现在的事实,时态用一般现在时,“我希望”是I hpe (that)...或I hpe t d sth.,that引导的是宾语从句,“尽快”是as sn as pssible,“收到你的照片”是receive yur pht(s),that中“能”用I can/will,receive用原形,因此句子翻译为“I hpe (that) I can/will receive yur pht(s) as sn as pssible.//I hpe t receive yur pht(s) as sn as pssible”。故答案为I hpe (that) I can/will receive yur pht(s) as sn as pssible.//I hpe t receive yur pht(s) as sn as pssible.
7. 他乞求饶恕他的所作所为。(汉译英)
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【答案】He begged frgiveness fr what he had dne.
【详解】考查动词时态和宾语从句。根据所给中文句子,本句可用宾语从句,“他乞求饶恕”为主句,“他”作主语,译为“he”,“祈求”作谓语,用动词beg,描述已发生的事,用一般过去时,“饶恕”作宾语,译为frgiveness,“他的所作所为”为宾语从句,“他”作主语,译为“he”,“所作所为”描述过去的过去,用过去完成时,译为“had dne”,缺少宾语,用what引导。故翻译为He begged frgiveness fr what he had dne.
8. 我英语很好,这对与外国人交流有很大的帮助。(汉译英)
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【答案】I have a gd cmmand in English, which is helpful fr me t cmmunicate with freigners.
【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句子描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,“我英语很好”为I have a gd cmmand in English,为主句,“这对与外国人交流有很大的帮助”为非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个句子,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which来引导定语从句,“对某人有很大的帮助”为be helpful fr;“与某人交流”为cmmunicate with sb。 故整句翻译为:I have a gd cmmand in English, which is helpful fr me t cmmunicate with freigners.
9. 他们买了一套带有泳池的大房子。(汉译英)
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【答案】They bught a big huse which/that has a swimming pl.
【详解】考查时态、定语从句、形容词。表示“他们”用they,作主语,位于句首,首字母大写。表示“买”用buy,本句描述过去的动作,故时态用一般过去时,谓语用过去式。表示“大的”用形容词big,作前置定语,修饰名词“房子”。表示“房子”用huse,作宾语。此处泛指“一套带有泳池的大房子”,且big以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a修饰。表示“带有泳池的”用定语从句,先行词是huse,指物,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which或that引导,表示“有”用have,从句描述一般事实,句子时态用一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,谓语也用第三人称单数has,表示“一个泳池”用a swimming pl,作has的宾语。故翻译为They bught a big huse which/that has a swimming pl.
10. 获得一等奖的人是一个 15 岁的男孩。(汉译英)
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【答案】The persn wh wn (the) first prize is a fifteen-year-ld by.
【详解】考查名词,动词,形容词,短语,连词和时态。表示“获得”应用动词win;表示“一等奖”应用短语(the) first prize;表示“人”应用名词persn;表示“是”应用be动词;表示“一个 15 岁的男孩”应用短语a fifteen-year-ld by;表示“获得一等奖的”是“人”的定语,用定语从句的结构,先行词是persn,在从句中作主语,用关系代词wh引导;“获得”是过去的事情,谓语用一般过去时。这句话的主句是描述现在的事情,谓语用一般现在时,be动词用is。故翻译为The persn wh wn (the) first prize is a fifteen-year-ld by.
II.阅读理解
(24-25高一下·云南文山·开学考试)The Spring Festival Gala, als knwn as Chunwan, is a highly-anticipated(期待) annual(每年的) televisin shw in China. It is bradcast live(现场直播) n China Central Televisin (CCTV) n the eve f the Chinese New Year, attracting billins f viewers bth at hme and abrad.
This grand shw is a blend(融合) f varius art frms, including singing, dancing, cmedy sketches(喜剧小品), acrbatics(杂技), and traditinal Chinese pera. Each perfrmance is carefully crafted t shwcase the charm(魅力) f Chinese culture and the jy f the New Year. Fr example, the dance perfrmances ften feature traditinal Chinese cstumes(服装) and chregraphy(舞蹈编排), vividly presenting the lng-standing cultural heritage. The cmedy sketches, with their humrus language and vivid prtrayals(描述) f daily life, bring laughter and warmth t the audience.
The Spring Festival Gala nt nly serves as a frm f entertainment(娱乐) but als as a cultural symbl. It plays a crucial rle in uniting families during the New Year. As peple gather arund the TV t watch the shw, it creates a festive and harmnius atmsphere.
Mrever, the gala als reflects the develpment and changes f sciety. Thrugh the perfrmances, we can catch a glimpse f the cuntry’s prgress in different fields, frm technlgy t culture.
In cnclusin, the Spring Festival Gala is mre than just a TV shw; it is a cultural feast that enriches ur spiritual life and strengthens ur sense f natinal identity.
1. When is the Spring Festival Gala bradcast?
A. On New Year’s Day.B. On the eve f the Chinese New Year.
C. In the middle f the Chinese New Year hliday.D. On the last day f the Chinese New Year.
2. What can we infer frm the fact that the Spring Festival Gala reflects the develpment and changes f sciety?
A. The shws in the gala are always the same.
B. The perfrmances in the gala are related t the current situatin f the cuntry.
C. The gala has nthing t d with mdern technlgy.
D. The cmedy sketches in the gala nly fcus n ld-fashined stries.
3. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. T intrduce the histry f the Spring Festival Gala.
B. T describe the perfrmers in the Spring Festival Gala.
C. T explain the imprtance f traditinal Chinese pera in the Spring Festival Gala.
D. T intrduce the Spring Festival Gala as a cultural and entertaining event.
4. Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined as an art frm in the Spring Festival Gala?
A. Magic shws.B. Singing.C. Cmedy sketches.D. Acrbatics.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍春节联欢晚会在中国新年除夕直播,融合多种艺术形式,兼具娱乐性与文化意义,能反映社会发展,是文化盛宴。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It is bradcast live (现场直播) n China Central Televisin (CCTV) n the eve f the Chinese New Year, attracting billins f viewers bth at hme and abrad.(它在中国新年的前夕由中央电视台现场直播,吸引了国内外数十亿观众)”可知,春节联欢晚会在中国新年的前夕播出。故选B项。
2. 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Thrugh the perfrmances, we can catch a glimpse f the cuntry’s prgress in different fields, frm technlgy t culture.(通过这些表演,我们可以瞥见国家在从技术到文化等不同领域的进步)”可知,春晚的表演与国家的现状相关,反映了社会的发展和变化。故选B项。
3. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章开篇介绍了春节联欢晚会的播出时间及受众,接着介绍了其融合的多种艺术形式,强调它不仅是娱乐节目,更是文化象征,还能反映社会发展变化,最后总结它是丰富精神生活、增强民族认同感的文化盛宴。所以文章整体围绕春节联欢晚会作为文化和娱乐活动展开介绍。故选D项。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“This grand shw is a blend (融合) f varius art frms, including singing, dancing, cmedy sketches (喜剧小品), acrbatics (杂技), and traditinal Chinese pera.(这场盛大的演出融合了多种艺术形式,包括唱歌、跳舞、喜剧小品、杂技和中国传统戏曲)”可知,文中未提及魔术表演。故选A项。
III.完形填空
(24-25高一上·全国·课后作业)Jenna had graduated frm middle schl and was ready fr new 1 in high schl.
2 , high schl was different. In the first week, Jenna tried ut fr a cheerleading team. She 3 very excellent girls, and she knew it wuld be difficult fr her t be chsen. Tw hurs later, the judge(裁判) 4 a list f the girls fr the secnd try-ut. Her name wasn’t n the list. Feeling 5 , she walked hme carrying her schlbag full f hmewrk.
6 hme, she started with math. She had always been a gd math student, but nw she was 7 . She mved n t English and histry, and was 8 t find that she didn’t have any truble with thse subjects. Feeling better, she decided nt t 9 math fr the time being.
The next day in 10 class, Jenna spent mst f her time wrking ut the prblems that had given her s much 11 . By the end f class, she finally gt the answers. As she gathered(收拢)her bks, Jenna 12 she’d cntinue t try t fit in at her new schl. She wasn’t sure if she’d succeed, but she knew she had t 13 . High schl was just as her mm had said, "Yu will feel like a small fish in a big pnd 14 a big fish in a small pnd. The challenge is t becme the 15 fish yu can be."
1. A. cursesB. decisinsC. challengesD. exercises
2. A. SB. HweverC. TherefreD. Besides
3. A. fughtB. cnnectedC. beatD. encuraged
4. A. prnuncedB. frgtC. sawD. heard
5. A. strangeB. happyC. sadD. lnely
6. A. ArrivingB. GingC. StayingD. Leaving
7. A. strugglingB. imprvingC. wrkingD. cntinuing
8. A. anxiusB. disappintedC. scaredD. relaxed
9. A. wrk withB. prepare frC. wrry abutD. give up
10. A. physicsB. histryC. EnglishD. math
11. A. pleasureB. hpeC. trubleD. curage
12. A. decidedB. acceptedC. refusedD. felt
13. A. swimB. tryC. askD. travel
14. A. in exchange frB. in case fC. in terms fD. instead f
15. A. thinnestB. smallestC. bestD. gentlest
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. D
11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了刚上高中的詹娜在学习和生活上所遇到的挑战以及她是如何应对这些挑战的。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:詹娜已经中学毕业,准备迎接高中的新挑战。A. curses课程;B. decisins决定;C. challenges挑战;D. exercises锻炼。根据常识以及最后一段中的 challenge可知,初中毕业的詹娜准备迎接高中的新挑战,故选C。
2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,高中是截然不同的。A. S所以;B. Hwever然而;C. Therefre因此;D. Besides况且。上一句“Jenna had graduated frm middle schl and was ready fr new in high schl.”说詹娜已经中学毕业,准备迎接高中的新挑战,空后“high schl was different.”又说高中是截然不同的,前后是转折关系,故选B。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:她和非常优秀的女孩竞争,她知道自己很难被选中。A. fught战斗、与……竞争;B. cnnected连接;C. beat击败;D. encuraged鼓励。根据空后的“and she knew it wuld be difficult fr her t be chsen. ”可知,詹娜知道自己很难被选中,这说明她要和非常优秀的女孩竞争,故选A。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:两个小时后,裁判公布了第二次试训的女孩名单。她的名字不在其中。A. prnunced发音、公布;B. frgt忘记;C. saw看见;D. heard听。根据“Her name wasn’t n the list. ”可知,詹娜的名字不在其中,这说明裁判公布了第二次试训的女孩名单,故选A。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她很伤心,背着装满作业的书包走回家。A. strange奇怪的;B. happy开心的;C. sad伤心的;D. lnely孤单的。根据“Her name wasn’t n the list. ”可知,詹娜没有进入第二次试训的女孩名单,所以她很伤心,故选C。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:回到家后,她开始做数学作业。A. Arriving到达;B. Ging走、回家;C. Staying停留、呆在某地 ;D. Leaving离开。根据上文“ she walked hme carrying her schlbag full f hmewrk”可知,到家后她开始写作业,故选A。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:她的数学一直很好,但现在她很吃力。A. struggling努力、费力做某事;B. imprving改进;C. wrking工作;D. cntinuing继续。根据上文“She had always been a gd math student”以及表示转折的but可知,她的数学一直很好,但现在她很吃力,故选A。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:接着,她写英语和历史作业,发现她在这些科目上没有任何问题,这让她感到放松一些。A.anxius焦虑的;B. disappinted失望的;C. scared害怕的; D. relaxed放松的。根据“ she didn’t have any truble with thse subjects”可知,发现她在英语和历史上没有任何问题,这自然会让她感到放松一些,故选D。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意:感觉好多了,她决定暂时不去担心数学。A. wrk with忙着做;B. prepare fr为……做准备;C. wrry abut担心:D. give up放弃。根据“Feeling better”可知,感觉好多了,她决定暂时不去担心学得比较吃力的数学,故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:第二天的数学课上,詹娜把大部分时间都花在了解那些一直困扰她的难题上。A. physics物理;B. histry历史;C. English英语;D. math数学。根据上文“She had always been a gd math student, but nw she was . ”可知,以前詹娜的数学一直很好,但现在她很吃力,所以在数学课上,她花了很长时间来解困扰她的数学难题,故选D。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pleasure高兴;B. hpe希望;C. truble麻烦;D. curage勇气。根据上文“She had always been a gd math student, but nw she was .”可知,以前詹娜的数学一直很好,但现在她很吃力,所以数学题给她带来了很大的麻烦,故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当她收拾书本时,詹娜决定继续努力融入她的新学校。A. decided决定;B. accepted接受;C. refused拒绝;D. felt感觉。根据“she’d cntinue t try t fit in at her new schl.”可知,詹娜决定继续努力融入她的新学校,故选A。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:她不确定自己是否会成功,但她知道她必须尝试。A. swim游泳;B. try尝试、努力;C. ask问;D. travel旅行。根据“She wasn’t sure if she’d succeed, but ”可知,她不确定自己是否会成功,但她知道她必须尝试一下,故选B。
14. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:你会觉得自己是大池塘里的一条小鱼,而不是小池塘里的一条大鱼。A. in exchange fr作为交换;B. in case f以防;C. in terms f就……而言;D. instead f而不是。a small fish in a big pnd与a big fish in a small pnd是两种相反的情况,故选D。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:挑战在于成为你能成为的最好的鱼。A. thinnest最瘦的;B. smallest最小的;C. best最好的; D. gentlest最温柔的。根据“fish yu can be.”可知,挑战在于成为你能成为的最好的鱼,故选C。
IV.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(24-25高一下·云南昭通·开学考试)Vides f 78-year-ld Xu Xiuzhen, 1 speaks different languages while wrking n a scenic spt selling water and pstcards, have wn her instant fame.
2 (lcate) at the base f Mn Hill, Xu’s village is a ppular turist destinatin famus fr a mn-shaped hle. She has been wrking as a tur guide in Yangshu, 3 cunty(县) in Guangxi Zhuang Autnmus Regin. 4 (supprt) her family, Xu drpped ut f junir schl and many years later began t learn different languages in rder t attract mre freign visitrs.
Xu said she wuld change wrds in any language 5 Chinese characters based n their prnunciatin and then memrize them. Repeating the wrds in her head befre ging t bed and immediately after 6 (wake) up has given her fluency in basic cnversatins with freigners.
Over the past tw decades, Xu 7 (teach) herself eleven freign languages, including English, Spanish and Krean. In additin t making her incredibly ppular, her linguistic skills have made 8 easier fr her t cmmunicate with freign turists. Xu has als becme ne f the 9 (busy) tur guides in Yangshu. Her reputatin draws a large crwd f turists every day, especially freign visitrs, wh cme t meet the multilingual(说多种语言的) guide ut f 10 (admire).
【答案】
1. wh 2. Lcated 3. a 4. T supprt 5. int/t
6. waking 7. has taught 8. it 9. busiest 10. admiratin
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道,文章介绍了78岁的徐秀珍因说不同国家的语言而走红的故事。
1. 考查定语从句。句意:78岁的徐秀珍在景区卖水和明信片时能说多种语言,相关视频让她迅速走红。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词是Xu Xiuzhen,指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词wh。故填wh。
2. 考查非谓语。句意:徐秀珍所在的村庄位于月亮山脚下,是一个以月亮形状的山洞而闻名的热门旅游目的地。句子已有谓语动词is,lcate与逻辑主语village之间是被动关系,再由句意可知,应用过去分词作状语,且句首时首字母应大写。故填Lcated。
3. 考查冠词。句意:她一直在广西壮族自治区的阳朔县做导游。此处表示“一个县”,是泛指,应用不定冠词,cunty以辅音音素开头。故填a。
4. 考查非谓语。句意:为了养家,徐秀珍初中辍学,多年后为了吸引更多外国游客,她开始学习不同的语言。句子已有谓语动词drpped ut和began,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语,且句首时首字母应大写。故填T supprt。
5. 考查介词。句意:徐秀珍说,她会根据发音把任何语言的单词转换成汉字,然后记住它们。这里考查change... int/t... ,为固定短语,意为“把…… 变成……”。故填 int或t。
6. 考查非谓语。句意:睡前和醒来后立即在脑海中重复这些单词,使她能够流利地与外国人进行基本对话。after为介词,后接动词-ing形式(动名词)作宾语。故填waking。
7. 考查时态。句意:在过去的二十年里,徐秀珍自学了十一种外语,包括英语、西班牙语和韩语。这里考查谓语动词,主语Xu与teach为主动关系,再根据时间状语Over the past tw decades可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语是Xu,助动词用has。故填has taught。
8. 考查代词。句意:除了让她极受欢迎之外,她的语言技能也让她与外国游客交流变得更容易。此处应用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语t cmmunicate with freign turists。故填it。
9. 考查形容词最高级。句意:徐秀珍也成为了阳朔最忙碌的导游之一。这里考查ne f the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数,表示“最…… 之一”。故填busiest。
10. 考查名词。句意:她的名声每天都吸引着大批游客,尤其是外国游客,他们出于钦佩而来见这位会说多种语言的导游。分析句子可知,ut f为介词短语,后接名词作宾语,admire的名词形式是 admiratin,为不可数名词。故填admiratin。
V.应用文写作
(24-25高一下·云南·开学考试)假定你是李华,你在校英文报“Learning English”专栏看到一位署名Fish的同学求教如何提升口语。请你给他回复、进行交流。内容包括:
(1)分享经验和方法;
(2)提出你个人的问题并寻求帮助。
注意:
(1)写作词数应为80个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Fish,
I’m rather glad t share with yu hw t imprve spken English.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Fish,
I’m rather glad t share with yu hw t imprve spken English.
First, practice makes perfect. Try t speak English as much as pssible, even if it’s just t yurself. Jining an English club r finding a language partner can als prvide mre pprtunities t cnverse. Listening t English pdcasts, music, and watching mvies in English can help yu get familiar with native prnunciatin and intnatin. Imitating their speech can further enhance yur accent. Additinally, dn’t be afraid t make mistakes. Learning is a prcess, and every mistake is a step twards imprvement.
Nw, I have a questin fr yu. D yu have any tips n hw t remember new vcabulary effectively? I ften frget wrds shrtly after learning them.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生在校英文报“Learning English”专栏看到一位署名Fish的同学求教如何提升口语,要求考生按照要求给他回复、进行交流。
【详解】1.词汇积累
即使:even if → even thugh
机会:pprtunity → chance
交谈:cnverse → cmmunicate
建议:tip → suggestin
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句:Listening t English pdcasts, music, and watching mvies in English can help yu get familiar with native prnunciatin and intnatin.
拓展句:It is listening t English pdcasts, music, and watching mvies in English that can help yu get familiar with native prnunciatin and intnatin.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Try t speak English as much as pssible, even if it’s just t yurself.(运用了不定式t speak作宾语、even if引导的让步状语从句)
【高分句型2】Imitating their speech can further enhance yur accent.(运用了动名词Imitating作主语)时间状语从句
连接词:when,whenever, while,as,as sn as,since,until,after,befre
例句:Whenever he cmes,he brings a friend.他每次来都带个朋友。
条件状语从句
连接词: if,unless,as lng as
例句:As lng as I am alive,I will g n studying.只要我活着, 我就要学习。
原因状语从句
连接词: as,because,since
例句:Since we live near the sea,we enjy nice weather.由于我们住在海边,所以能享受好的天气。
地点状语从句
连接词:where
例句:Put it where we all can see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。
目的状语从句
连接词:s that,in rder that
例句:Finish this s that yu can start anther.把这个做完,你可以开始另一个。
结果状语从句
连接词:s that,,
例句:He was s angry that he culdn't say a wrd.他气得说不出话了。
让步状语从句
连接词: thugh,althugh,even if,hwever
例句:Thugh he is in pr health,he wrks hard.虽然他身体不好,但是他工作很努力。
方式状语从句
连接词:as
例句:Students d as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。
比较状语从句
连接词:than,(nt)
例句:The wrk isn't as easy as I thught.这项工作比我想象得难。
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