【01-暑假复习】专题06 动词时态和语态 (一) (学生版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (译林版)(1)

这是一份【01-暑假复习】专题06 动词时态和语态 (一) (学生版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (译林版)(1)，共10页。试卷主要包含了 用法， 第三人称单数动词变化规则， 否定句，一般疑问句， 重要句型等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺
难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升
复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破
核心考点聚焦
考点一
一般现在时
1. 用法
(1)表示经常发生的动作、习惯性行为或永恒的真理、客观事实。
Shanghai lies in the east f China. 上海在中国的东部。
The earth mves arund the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。
(2)在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
If yu are free this Sunday, well g fr a picnic. 如果你这周日有空，我们将去野餐。
2. 第三人称单数动词变化规则：
(1)一般情况下在动词词尾加s。
place—places speak—speaks put—puts experience—erperiences
(2)以，s，x，ch，sh结尾的单词，一般在词尾加es。
d—des g—ges finish—finishes brush—brushes fix—fixes pass—passes watch—watches
(3)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词，变y为i加es。
study—studies carry—carries cry—cries
(4)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词，在词尾直接加s。
play—plays stay—stays
3. 否定句
He isn't an engineer. 他不是一位工程师。
We dn’t read nvels in class. 上课我们不看小说。
4.一般疑问句
—Is he a student? 他是一位学生吗？
—Yes, he is./N, he isn't. 是的/不是的
—D yu get up at 7：30 in the mrning?你早上七点钟起床？
—Yes，we d./N，we dn't. 是的/不是的
考点二
一般过去时
My rutine diet ________(cnsist) f fruit, milk, vegetables and rice.
1.用法
(1)表示在过去某时发生的动作、存在的状态，或过去一段时间内习惯性、经常性的动作。
I graduated frm N. 2 Middle Schl three years ag. 三年前我从第二中学毕业。
(2)表示一系列发生在过去的动作，尽管动作有先后，但是都用过去时，且在最后两个动词之间用and连接。
He tk his bag, clsed the dr and left the rm. 他拿起包，关上门，离开了房间。
(3)在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句用过去将来时，从句用一般过去时表示过去将来。
He wuld give the letter t her as sn as she came back. 她一回来他就会把信给她。
2. 否定句
He wasn't busy yesterday. 他昨天不忙。
He didn't smke last year. 他去年不抽烟。
3. 疑问句
—Was he free yesterday?—Yes，he was./N，he wasn't. 他昨天有时间吗？有/没有。
—Did he graduate last year?—Yes，he did./N，he didn't. 去年他毕业了吗？是/不是。
4. 动词过去式变化规则。
(1)一般情况下在动词词尾加ed。
view—viewed suffer—suffered laugh—laughed
explain—explained finish—finished wrk—wrked
(2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接加d。
experience—experienced change—changed challenge-- challenged
smke—smked escape—escaped graduate—graduated
(3)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词，变y为i加ed。
study—studied carry—carried cry—cried try—tried marry—married
(4)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加ed。
play—played stay—stayed
(5)以“一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母”的重读闭音节结尾的单词应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加ed。
spt—sptted plan—planned skip—skipped
(6)动词不规则变化：
d—did g—went cme—came
run—ran write—wrte begin—began
drink—drank keep—kept leave—left
sleep—slept make—made lie—lay
dig—dug eat—ate knw—knew
cut—cut set—set let—let
read—read hurt—hurt
考点三
现在进行时
When we reached the tp f the hill, a magnificent view f the sea ________(greet) us.
1. 用法
(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作。
Lk, they are playing ftball. 看,他们正在踢足球。
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作，或表示正在发展变化的情况。
The ppulatin f the wrld is increasing. 世界人口正在不断增长。
Dn’t make nise. The baby is falling asleep. 别出声。孩子就要睡着了。
(3)在时间、条件等状语从句中，用现在进行时代替将来进行时。
If I am sleeping when he cmes, wake me up, please. 如果他来时我正在睡觉，请叫醒我。
(4)与always, all the time, cnstantly, frever等连用，表达说话人的赞赏、责备、厌恶等情感。
He's always thinking f thers. 他总是想着他人。
【温馨提示】一些表示感觉、愿望和状态的动词，一般不用于进行时，如:be, lve, hate, like, want, need, prefer, wish, knw, believe, feel, remain, lk, see, seem, fit, find, hear, allw, prve, sund, taste, desire等。
2. 动词现在分词的构成
(1)一般动词直接在词尾加ing。
d—ding read—reading
wrk—wrking think—thinking
study—studying g—ging
watch—watching jump—jumping
(2)以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词，应先去掉 e 然后加ing。
like—liking take—taking
leave—leaving live—living
receive—receiving dance—dancing
cme—cming smke—smking
write—writing
(3)以“一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母”的重读闭音节结尾的动词，应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加ing。
stp—stpping begin—beginning
dig—digging swim—swimming
run—running sit—sitting
(注意：listen—listening pen—pening
eat—eating rain—raining sleep—sleeping)
考点四
现在完成时
The ppulatin f ur prvince is nw ________(apprach) 74 millin.
1.表示发生在过去的或已经完成的对现在仍有影响的动作
2.表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，并持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和“fr+时间段”“since+时间点/从句”连用。(表示持续的动作或状态多用延续性动词)
3.动作从过去到现在重复发生很多次
4.时间状语：already, yet, never/ ever, just, befre ，since+时间点，fr+时间段，hw lng in/ ver/ during the past/ last 3 years，ver the years，s far/ till nw/ by nw/up t nw，these days，recently/ in recent years，nce/ twice/ three times/ many times…
5.非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转化：
leave --- be away, brrw --- keep begin/start --- be n buy --- have
die --- be dead finish --- be ver jin --- be in+组织机构 或者 be a member f+组织机构
pen sth --- keep sth pen fall ill --- be ill get up---be up cme here --- be here
catch a cld --- have a cld fall asleep --- be asleep get t/ arrive/reach --- be (in)
leave --- be away frm g (get) ut →be ut put n→ wear
6. 重要句型：
(1)That/This/It is the first (secnd, third ... ) time... (that) ...句型中，从句要用现在完成时。
(2)＂That/This/It is the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + (that)从句＂中，that 从句要用现在完成时。
(3)在＂It is/has been + 一段时间 + since ... ＂句型中，主句常用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。
(4)一段时间+ 完成时结构+ since 引导的时间状语从句
It has been/ It is 5 years since we last met. 自从上一次我们见面到现在已经是五年了。
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次参观这座城市。
This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好看的电影。
Tw years has passed since I came here. 我来这儿已经两年了。
【温馨提示】这个句式里面tw years要看作一个整体，表示时间段，放在主语位置上，后面的谓语动词使用单数形式。
【易混辨析1】since/ fr
【易混辨析2】have/ has been t, have/ has gne t, have/ has been in的区别
考点五
一般讲来时
Over time, it ________(expand) t include multiple ptins f sups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing t peple f different tastes.
1.be ging t +动词原形，表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的并很可能发生的事。或者是根据天气迹象猜测要发生的事情。
What are yu ging t d next Sunday?
2. will +动词原形，表示将来要发生的动作或是存在的状态。
Will yu be back in tw days?
【易混辨析】be ging t+动词原形和will+动词原形
3. 时间状语：
(1)tmrrw, the day after tmrrw
(2)next...: next week, next year等
(3)in...: in three years, in a week, in 2025等
(4)sn等
【温馨提示】
1.当句中主语是I或者we时，一般使用shall, 表示征求对方的意见。When shall we meet tmrrw?
2. 如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。Dn’t laugh at me when I make a mistake.
3. 如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。Yu shuld be quiet when yu are in the reading rm
4. 当if 表示“是否”时，不遵循主将从现的原则。I dn’t knw if he will cme t my hme tmrrw.
考点六
过去进行时
Only team wrk will ________(able) us t get the jb dne n time.
1. 过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2. 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。
3.时间状语：this mrning, the whle mrning, all day yesterday, frm nine t ten, last evening, when, while，as
【易混辨析】含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句
When he ________(walk) his dg in the park, he came acrss an ld friend f his.
1. It ________(represent) the earth cming back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.
2. As the impact f human activities ________(cntinue) t grw and the list f species in danger f extinctin becmes lnger, we are left with a questin.
3. When a piece f ice is taken int a warm rm, it will becme smaller and smaller, until in the end it ________(appear) cmpletely.
4. Yu ________ t get rid f the habit f drinking cla nly.
5. They ________(leave) fr a beach vacatin tmrrw. They’ve already packed their swimsuits and sun hats.
6. Jerry ________(use) t imagine that ne day he culd see the beauty f the wrld withut leaving his hme. Nw his wish has cme true with the develpment f the Internet.
7. When I arrived, he ________(lie) n the bed, fast asleep.
8. We were infrmed that the leaders ________(cme) t ur schl sn.
9. We are afraid that we cannt pass the exam t be held next week, because the teacher ________(criticise) us if we can’t pass it.
10. Tm ________(graduate) frm cllege in a few mnths because he has cmpleted all the curses.
11. Research has ________(cnfirm) that smking is a majr risk factr fr many diseases.
12. The number f students in ur schl ________(increase) steadily in the past few years.
提升专练
I.单句语法填空
1. Ding pull-ups develps ur cre muscles and ________(strength) ur upper back.
2. Yur talent ________(able) yu t be qualified fr the jb.
3. First, his tw sledges ________(break) dwn and then the hrses began t have serius difficulties with the snw and the cld.
4. Althugh Mary hurt his feelings, he ________(frgive) her in the end.
5. They are always ________(cmment) n what I’m wearing.
6. He ________(leave) fr Guangzhu in tw hurs t meet with his manager.
7. Sldiers ________(march) up and dwn utside the gvernment buildings at that time.
8. They ________(chat) merrily via Skype when the pwer was cut ff.
9. By the end f the run, all my stress ________(disappear) and I’m ready t face the next day at wrk!
10. It is reprted that this rganizatin ________(raise) ver 1,000,000 dllars t help students in remte muntainus areas s far.
11. He ________(intend) t park here but was stpped. It’s an emergency exit.
12. They ________(intend) t remve the threat t the deer by setting up nature reserves, but in vain.
13. They ________(g) fishing if it desn’t rain this afternn.
14. The Student Unin is ging ________(hld) a paper-cutting and traditinal Chinese painting cmpetitin and the winners’ wrks will be t display in ur schl’s library.
15. My uncle ________(cme) back frm abrad next week.
16. I wasn’t sure whether the pstman ________(deliver) me the package n time.
17. Last Sunday he prmised he ________(cme) but he hasn’t arrived until nw.
18. —What did yur sn say in the letter?
—He tld me that he ________(visit) the Disney Wrld the next day.
19. We were nt sure whether they were ging ________(grw) mre vegetables.
20. Father said that he ________(take) me t Beijing the next year.
II.阅读理解
(24-25高一下·湖南长沙·开学考试)Making a film is like slving a cmplex puzzle. While actrs and the stry are what we see n screen, many peple wrk behind the scenes t make the mvie cme alive. Each persn has a unique rle t play in bringing the final prduct t life.
The directr is ften regarded as the leader f the prject. They guide the actrs, determine the visual cmpsitin f each scene, and cllabrate(合作) clsely with the cinematgrapher t select the mst effective camera angles and lighting. The cinematgrapher, als knwn as the directr f phtgraphy, is respnsible fr capturing the film’s visual aesthetic. They manipulate(熟练操作) light and shadw t create the desired md and atmsphere.
Anther key persn is the prductin designer, wh versees the film’s verall lk. They make sure every detail, frm the sets t the cstumes, matches the stry’s setting and tne. Fr example, if the film is set in a histrical perid, the prductin designer ensures that the prps, clthing, and envirnments accurately reflect that time. They wrk with art directrs, set decratrs, and cstume designers t create a chesive(协调的) and believable wrld.
Sund designers and editrs als play a crucial rle. They enhance the film’s emtinal impact by adding sund effects, backgrund nises, and music. Withut their cntributins, even the mst exciting scenes wuld lack depth and intensity.
Finally, the editr carefully assembles(整合) the ftage, selecting the best takes and arranging them t create a cmpelling narrative(扣人心弦的叙事). This prcess, which can take mnths, is essential fr making sure the film flws smthly and keeps the audience engaged.
1. Wh directly wrks with actrs t decide hw scenes shuld lk?
A. The cinematgrapher.B. The prductin designer.
C. The directr.D. The sund editr.
2. The underlined wrd “aesthetic” in Paragraph 2 mst clsely means _____________.
A. emtinal impactB. visual styleC. histrical accuracyD. stry structure
3. If a film’s 1920s setting feels unrealistic, which rle likely failed their jb?
A. The editr.B. The prductin designer.
C. The cinematgrapher.D. The sund designer.
4. Why might editing take mnths t cmplete?
A. Actrs need time t prepare their perfrmances.
B. Selecting the best shts and rganizing them carefully takes time.
C. Creating realistic sund effects requires multiple tries.
D. Directrs want t give creative imprvements enugh time.
III.完形填空
(24-25高一下·湖北孝感·开学考试)It all began n May 13 when the brakes(刹车) slammed(紧急制动). Students tld BBC News that they were “terrified and 1 ” by the sudden mtin. Then, they 2 and saw what was ging n. The bus driver was uncnscius (失去意识) — and seventh grader Dilln Reeves had grabbed the steering wheel.
Security camera shwed that Dilln had nticed the driver having a medical 3 , causing the bus t make a turn. The by immediately sprang frm his seat, tk the wheel, and 4 the brakes, gaining cntrl f the situatin and 5 the driver and his passengers. “I just knew what t d in that 6 ,” Dilln said. “The bus was turning ff the rad.”
One student wh had been n the bus 7 Dilln with saving the “entire bus” with his “quick actins and thinking”, and by “being 8 ”. Warren Cnslidated Schls said in a news release that dctrs 9 quickly and treated the driver. The students were placed n anther schl bus and 10 hme.
Hw had Dilln been the nly ne t ntice what was ging n? While ther kids had been n their cell phnes, listening t music, r 11 fcused n their electrnics, Dilln didn’t have a cell phne t distract him frm the wrld arund him r 12 his situatinal awareness. “What else are yu ging t d when yu dn’t 13 a cell phne?” Steve Reeves asked. “Yu’re ging t lk at peple. Yu’re ging t 14 stuff. Yu’re ging t lk ut f the windw. Maybe it is a very pwerful 15 — a change-the-wrld kind.”
1. A. annyedB. shckedC. delightedD. satisfied
2. A. lked backB. lked dwnC. lked upD. lked ut
3. A. emergencyB. treatmentC. serviceD. research
4. A. figuredB. stuckC. sughtD. hit
5. A. cheatingB. lsingC. cllectingD. saving
6. A. generatinB. instantC. chanceD. atmsphere
7. A. applaudedB. appintedC. exchangedD. replaced
8. A. gratefulB. rmanticC. braveD. energetic
9. A. indicatedB. arguedC. respndedD. discvered
10. A. transprtedB. decratedC. settledD. sptted
11. A. therefreB. therwiseC. hweverD. eventually
12. A. limitB. raiseC. preserveD. prve
13. A. permitB. betC. pursueD. wn
14. A. absrbB. nticeC. defendD. update
15. A. lessnB. expressinC. secretD. deal
IV.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(24-25高一下·湖北孝感·开学考试)In East China’s Anhui prvince, 1 2-meter-wide alley(巷) separates a pair f gray walls. At first glance it may seem insignificant, but t thse 2 knw its histry, Liuchi Alley in Tngcheng symblizes much mre than its previus 3 (appear) wuld suggest.
The alley’s name 4 (cme) frm the Chinese wrds fr “six” and “chi”, a unit f length, due t its width. In the early Qing Dynasty, it served as the bundary between the Zhang and Wu families, bth with prminent members in Emperr Kangxi’s curt r ther regins. Hwever, the tw families quarreled ver the bundary and the right 5 (build) a wall.
After 6 (fail) t get mediatin frm a reginal fficial, the Zhangs wrte t Zhang Ying, a tp fficial in the curt. His respnse, 7 the frm f a pem, didn’t supprt his family as expected. Instead, he asked his relatives t step back l meter frm the bundary. 8 (mve) by this, bth families did s, and the alley 9 (frm).
This alley is ften assciated with tlerance, mrality, and scial rder. Althugh the walls are replicas, peple are still attracted by its stry. T rdinary flk, the stry is abut hw t get alng with ther peple, while authrities think it can als functin as a guideline fr 10 (fficial).
V.应用文写作
(24-25高一下·河南鹤壁·开学考试)为提高同学们的绿色生活意识，你校学生会将举办海报征集活动(Pster Prjects)，请你为校英文报写一则通知，内容包括:
1.活动目的；
2.具体要求；
3.表达期许。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________since
1. since后可加时间点，如 nearly three years ag或2008.
2. since引导时间状语从句时，后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时。
fr +一段时间
= since+一段时间+ ag
fr
fr后加一段时间。如ten years。
have/ has been t
曾经去过，强调以往的经历。
The ld man has been t Egypt when he was yung.
have/ has gne t
去了某地，强调还没有回来。
---Where is yur uncle?
--- He has gne t the supermarket.
have/ has been in
待在某地，住在某地
Mr. Smith has been in the lab fr ver ten hurs.
be ging t+动词原形
1.强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，则通常要用be ging t
2.若是有迹象表明要发生某事，通常只用be ging t，
"Ann is in hspital." "Yes, I knw. I’m ging t visit her tmrrw. (事先考虑的意图)
will+动词原形
1.表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则通常用will
"Ann is in hspital." "Oh, really? I didn’t knw. I’ll g and visit her."
2.带有时间或条件状语从句的主句.
when
when 所引导的时间状语从句中，动作既可以是长动作，也可以是短动作，即动词既可以使用延续性动词也可以使用非延续性动词。关键看动作是否能延续，可延续性动词用过去进行时，不可延续性动词用一般过去时。主句的动词根据动作可不可以延续决定，可以延续使用过去进行时，不可延续使用一般过去时。Jim was listening t the CD when his brther came back.
while
while 所引导的时间状语从句中，动作只能是长动作，即动词只能使用延续性动词。该延续性动词使用过去进行时。主句的动词根据动作可不可以延续决定，可以延续使用过去进行时，不可延续使用一般过去时。While I was ding my hmewrk, my mther was watching TV.