高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优秀课后复习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优秀课后复习题，共18页。试卷主要包含了Its authr, Dr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The (电) had been cut ff.
2.Take mre mney with yu in case f (紧急情况).
3.Its authr, Dr. Henry Petrski, has lng been writing abut (灾难).
4.I felt s helpless and insecure because the quality f my life was (影响).
5.There are many active (火山)in the cuntry, and they may e at any time and (摧毁) millins f buildings.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The main purpse f the passage is t supply visitrs htel infrmatin.
2.Mrs. Cxen was aided lking after the children by her mther.
3.She began chatting (calm) with him, asking his name, his favrite bks and his favrite characters.
4.Hw can yu survive such a pr diet? Keeping slim desn’t make sense if yu’re nt healthy.
5.The next day peple put up shelters the pen air with anything that they culd find.
6.Our team f experts will be hand t ffer help between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. daily.
7.(易错题)In sme respects, tday’s (pwer) cmputing machines already make ur brains lk weak.
8.When a pencil is partly in a glass f water, it lks as if it (be) brken.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
将下列句子合并为含定语从句的主从复合句
1.Lk at the by and his dg. I meet them every day n my way t schl.

2.She is an artist. I am quite familiar with her wrks.

3.The whle city is in ruins. It was struck by a terrible earthquake yesterday.

4.We visited the lady yesterday. She taught us Chinese when we were in primary schl.

5.The man is ur new manager. Yu spke t him this mrning.

题型(二)
用适当的关系代词填空
A Girl Wh Is Gd at Drawing
Mary 1 drawings were shwn at the exhibitin(展览会) last mnth is a mdel student 2 is ften praised fr her gd wrks at schl. As sn as we gt int the exhibitin hall, ur attentin was attracted by a very large picture 3 was hung n the wall in frnt f us.
The hrse 4 is in the drawing is exactly like a real ne. The man 5 is riding n it lks like a living man.
It is the best drawing 6 I have ever seen, and I shuld say Mary is the best yung painter 7 I have ever heard f. Hwever, yu will be quite mistaken if yu think that Mary is a brn painter. One f her teachers tld me that it had taken Mary thusands f hurs t learn and practise drawing befre she became the persn f 8 her schl is prud.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Fr the past few years, I’ve taken my vacatin in the spring. One April I planned t visit a friend in Nepal wh had lived in the cuntry fr ver 15 years.
I flew t Kathmandu and spent a week visiting turist sites, and n Friday, April 24, 2015, we went t Lukla, a muntain twn in the nrtheast. My friend had wrked there befre. We visited a nearby village n Saturday. We were served a delicius pancake and endless cups f milk tea; villagers made small talk and caught up with each ther. After a cuple f hurs, my friend and I made a plite exit (离去) fr a cffee break acrss the dirt path in ur ldging, a huse he had lived in while wrking in Lukla years ag.
As we sat in the kitchen taking a rest, I wndered why it felt like the Undergrund was running under the village. As the sund started t shake, I lked ut the windw at the passers-by and thught it felt like a truck was driving by—impssible in this village. I lked at my friend and he said immediately, “It’s an earthquake.” Befre I culd ask questins, he began shuting, getting ut f the huse. By the time I was running dwn the dirt path, I culdn’t run straight.
Away frm buildings, we lwered ur bdies near a lw wall, and unbelievably befre ur eyes, walls and buildings fell. In frnt f us the end wall f the huse we slept in cllapsed (倒塌), the stnes falling t the grund. In a matter f secnds, every huse in the village was damaged, with walls either seriusly cracked r partially r cmpletely damaged.
In the days and weeks that fllwed we called t check in and tld friends where we were and what we were ding. The event was s wide-reaching that it was difficult t understand except thrugh persnal stries.
1.What did the authr d in Nepal?
A.He visited his friend. B.He tried t lk fr a jb.
C.He built a huse fr villagers. D.He mved t a village t enjy life.
2.Which f the fllwing can best describe the villagers?
A.Shy. B.Cautius. C.Friendly. D.Humrus.
3.What happened when the authr stayed in the kitchen?
A.He was injured by a cllapsed wall.
B.An earthquake struck the village.
C.A truck drve by the village.
D.He missed the train.
4.What can we infer abut the village in Paragraph 4?
A.It was left empty. B.It was quite peaceful.
C.It was badly damaged. D.It was attractive t visitrs.
Ⅱ.七选五
Lking t make the biggest impact after a disaster? This guide will help yu deliver the necessary resurces t the right peple quickly and easily, as well as helping yu be prepared fr a ptential emergency. 1 .
Create a fundraiser
Put simply, mre peple equal mre mney, and creating yur wn fundraiser(筹集资金的活动) is a great way t encurage peple wh want t help. 2 . Designate(指定)a charity t receive the funds s peple can dnate(捐赠) directly n the rganizatin’s site r thrugh an app; thus, yu wn’t have t transfer mney thrugh yur persnal accunt.
Cllect supplies
3 . Start by checking an rganizatin’s website, which ften has lists f what is needed and where t send it. Or call cmmunity ffices in the disaster-affected area t see what specific needs they have.
Dnate yur skills r time
Yu can cntact yur lcal emergency services t see if they are seeking a helping hand. If yu dn’t have a particular skill, ffer yur time t help with the clean-up afterwards. Hwever, always call r check nline first. 4 . In reality, yu will be adding ne mre persn t the already strained situatin.
5
One f the mst helpful things yu can d in a natural disaster is prepare yurself ahead f time. Nt nly will the preventive measures prtect yu, but they will als limit damage in case a disaster strikes. The first step is t find ut which disasters are mst likely t affect yu. The secnd step is t stck up n necessary emergency items.
A.Learn t prtect yurself
B.Be prepared fr a natural disaster in advance
C.Here is hw t help thse affected r ptentially affected by natural disasters
D.It’s best t take a little extra time t find ut what is really shrt
E.D nt g as an individual vlunteer t a disaster zne expecting t find ways t help
F.If yu’re trying t find ut hw t help in natural disasters, yu’re in the right place
G.If yu’re dealing with a lcal natural disaster, start by raising mney in yur cmmunity
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
On 20 December, in Newdale, a series f huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced acrss the cean near Gldshre. Wrse still, the waves 1 thusands dead. Gldshre Beach was the nly lcal beach t 2 the disaster withut any lss f life. A 10-year-ld girl, Sabrina Andrn, helped arund 100 peple escape danger with her 3 f tsunamis.
The day began like any ther n Gldshre Beach. Peple were walking, running r simply sitting n the sandy beach, 4 the warm sea air and enjying the sft 5 that brushed their hair. Sabrina was ne f the happy turists until she nticed smething 6 . “The water was like the bubbles (气泡) n the tp f a beer,” she later explained. “It wasn’t 7 and it wasn’t ging in and then ut. It was just cming in and in and in.” It struck her that these were the 8 f an upcming tsunami, which Sabrina had just learnt abut in a gegraphy lessn.
Sabrina was 9 , but she sn kept her head. She warned her parents f the 10 , thugh at first they just thught she was 11 . Hwever, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was 12 and kept asking her parents t talk t a safety fficer. T her great relief, the fficer 13 realized the cming danger. The peple were rapidly 14 frm the beach, just befre the huge waves 15 int the cast.
B.left
C.affected D.led
B.recgnize
C.revive D.quit
B.knwledge
C.wisdm D.detail
in B.making up
C.fcusing n D.checking ut
B.wind
C.whistle D.wave
B.pwerful
C.attractive D.strange
B.adventurus
C.calm D.distant
B.signs
C.effect D.results
B.embarrassed
C.frightened D.annyed
B.develpment
C.credit D.danger
B.debating
C.jking D.helping
cntrl B.n hand
C.ut f sight D.n its way
B.anxiusly
C.curiusly D.immediately
B.warned
C.cleared D.reminded
B.slid
C.divided D.tapped
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Part 2 Discvering Useful Structures &
Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.emergency 3.disasters 4.affected 5.vlcans/vlcanes;erupt;destry
Ⅱ 考查固定搭配。supply sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。故填with。句意:这段文章的主要目的是给游客提供旅馆信息。
2.in/with 考查固定搭配。句意:Cxen太太有她妈妈帮忙照看孩子们。aid sb. in/with ding sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,此处为被动语态“sb. be aided in/with ding sth.”,故填in或with。
3.calmly 考查副词。设空处修饰动词chatting,作状语,应用副词形式。故填calmly。句意:她开始平静地和他聊天,问他的名字、他最喜欢的书和他最喜欢的人物。
4.n 考查介词。survive n意为“靠……生存”。故填n。句意: 你怎么能靠这么差的饮食生存呢?如果你不健康,保持苗条是没有意义的。
5.in 考查固定搭配。in the pen air意为“露天,在户外”。故填in。句意: 第二天,人们用他们能找到的任何东西露天搭建避难处。
6.n 考查介词。句意:每天上午8点到下午5点,我们的专家小组将随时/现场提供帮助。n hand意为“在场;在近旁;现有(尤指帮助)”。
7.pwerful 考查形容词。空前是一个名词所有格形式,所以空后的名词短语cmputing machines为中心词,故设空处作定语,用形容词。故填pwerful,表示“强大的”。句意:在某些方面,今天强大的计算机已经让我们的大脑看起来很弱了。
易错归因
本题学生易误把cmputing当成分词,从而误用副词pwerfully。需要注意cmputing machines是一个名词短语,表示“计算机”,所以用形容词修饰。
8.were 考查虚拟语气。句意:当铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时,它看起来好像被折断了。此处是as if引导的表语从句中的谓语。根据常识可知铅笔放入水里时并不是真的被折断了,所以设空处应用虚拟语气,表示与现在的事实相反的情况,故用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中be动词常用were。故填were。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.Lk at the by and his dg that I meet every day n my way t schl.
2.She is an artist whse wrks I am quite familiar with.
3.The whle city that/which was struck by a terrible earthquake yesterday is in ruins.
4.We visited the lady wh/that taught us Chinese when we were in primary schl yesterday.
5.The man whm/wh/that yu spke t this mrning is ur new manager./The man t whm yu spke this mrning is ur new manager.
题型(二)
1.whse 先行词是Mary,关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whse。
2.wh/that 先行词是a mdel student,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填wh或that。
3.that/which 先行词是a very large picture,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
4.that/which 先行词是The hrse,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
5.wh/that 先行词是The man,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填wh或that。
6.that 先行词被最高级修饰,指物,关系词在定语从句中作have ever seen的宾语,故填that。
易错归因
本题易错填which。需要注意的是当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,宜用that,而不宜用which。
7.that/wh/whm 先行词是the best yung painter,指人,关系词在从句中作宾语,故填that、wh或whm。
8.whm 先行词是the persn,指人,关系词前面有介词f,故填whm。f与后面的is prud构成is prud f。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者在尼泊尔拜访朋友时遭遇地震的经历。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“One April I planned t visit a friend in Nepal wh had lived in the cuntry fr ver 15 years.”可知,作者去尼泊尔拜访朋友。故选A。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We were served a delicius pancake and endless cups f milk tea; villagers made small talk and caught up with each ther.”可知,作者在村子里吃了美味的薄饼,喝了无数杯奶茶;村民们互相攀谈着。故可推知,那个村子里的人都很友善,待人热情。故选C。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As we sat in the kitchen taking a rest”“it felt like the Undergrund was running under the village”“the sund started t shake”“It’s an earthquake.”可知,当作者待在厨房时,地震袭击了这个村庄。故选B。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“walls and buildings fell. In frnt f us the end wall f the huse we slept in cllapsed (倒塌), the stnes falling t the grund”和“every huse in the village was damaged, with walls either seriusly cracked r partially r cmpletely damaged”可知,村庄在地震中受损严重。故选C。
【高频词汇】 a cuple f 几个
【熟词生义】 1.catch up with与……交谈 2.check in报平安,告知行踪
【差距词汇】 ldging n.租住的房间;暂住
长难句
原句 In the days and weeks that fllwed we called t check in and tld friends where we were and what we were ding.
分析 介词短语In the days and weeks that fllwed作状语,其中that引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,修饰先行词the days and weeks;主句中的谓语部分由and连接,where和what引导宾语从句。
译文 在接下来的几天和几周里,我们打电话报平安,告诉朋友我们在哪里和我们在做什么。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应对自然灾害的方法。
1.C 过渡句。分析文章结构可知,本文是“总—分”结构。上文提到这则指南除了帮助你为潜在的紧急情况做好准备外,还会帮助你快速、容易地把必需品递送到合适的人那里。下文有多个小标题,具体给出了一些方法。C项(以下是如何帮助那些受到自然灾害影响或可能受到自然灾害影响的人)承上启下,符合语境。故选C。
2.G 细节句。根据小标题可知本段与筹集资金有关,设空处下文谈到指定慈善机构接收资金,以便人们可以直接在该组织的网站上或通过应用程序捐款。G项(如果你正在应对当地的自然灾害,从在你的社区筹集资金开始)照应筹集资金的主题,同时引出下文,故选G。
3.D 细节句。设空处位于段首,下文介绍了了解受害地区需求的两个方法:查看组织的网站;给灾区的社区办公室打电话。D项(最好花一点额外的时间来弄清楚到底缺什么)引出下文,符合语境。故选D。
4.E 细节句。设空处与上下文构成的语意结构为:然而,总要先打电话或在网上查看→ 4 →实际上,你将给已经处于水深火热之中的受灾地区再添一个人。E项 (不要一个人去灾区做志愿者,期待着能找到帮忙的方法)与上下文意思一致,符合语境。故选E。
5.B 主旨句。设空处位于小标题处,根据下文内容“在自然灾害中,你能做的最有帮助的事情之一就是让自己提前做好准备”可知,本段主要讲提前为自然灾害做好准备。B项(提前为自然灾害做好准备)引领下文。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.impact n.影响;撞击 2.ptential adj.潜在的,可能的 3.equal v.等于;比得上 4.accunt n.账户 5.specific adj.具体的,确切的 6.measure n.措施
【差距词汇】 1.strained adj.紧张的 2.preventive adj.预防性的 3.stck up n贮备,备足
长难句
原句 Nt nly will the preventive measures prtect yu, but they will als limit damage in case a disaster strikes.
分析 本句是由并列连词nt als...连接的并列复合句。nt nly置于句首,其所在分句需用部分倒装。in case引导条件状语从句,意为“如果,万一”。
译文 预防措施不仅能保护你,而且万一灾难发生,它们还能限制损失。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了小女孩Sabrina Andrn用自己的海啸知识帮助大约100人逃离了危险。
1.B 根据空后的“thusands dead”可知,巨浪造成的结果是使数千人死亡。表示“让……处于某种状态”用“leave sb./sth.+adj.”结构。A.带来;B.使……处于;C.影响;D.导致。故选B。
2.A 根据空后的“withut any lss f life”并结合下句的“A 10-year-ld girl, Sabrina Andrn,helped arund 100 peple escape danger”可推知,由于这个10岁女孩的帮助,金海岸海滩的游客在灾难中幸存了。A.幸存;B.识别;C.复苏;D.离开。故选A。
3.B 根据第二段最后一句中的“which Sabrina had just learnt abut in a gegraphy lessn”以及Sabrina Andrn对水中出现的现象的分析可推知,Sabrina Andrn用她学到的海啸知识帮助大约100人逃离了危险。A.印象;B.知识;C.智慧;D.细节。故选B。
4.A 根据空后的“the warm sea air”以及前后文描述的人们放松的场景可推知,人们在海滩上呼吸着温暖的海洋空气。A.吸入;B.组成;C.专注于;D.调查。故选A。
5.B 根据空后的“that brushed their hair”可推知,海滩上吹拂着头发的应该是轻柔的风。A.阳光;B.风;C.哨子声;D.波浪。故选B。
6.D 根据下文提到的“The water was like the bubbles (气泡) n the tp f a beer”“It was just cming in and in and in.”等信息可推知,Sabrina在海滩上注意到一些怪事情。A.独特的;B.强有力的;C.吸引人的;D.奇怪的。故选D。
7.C 根据空后的“it wasn’t ging in and then ut. It was just cming in and in and in”可知,海水不是有进有出,而是不断地涌进来,这说明海水并不平静。A.狭窄的;B.冒险的;C.平静的,风平浪静的;D.遥远的。故选C。
8.B 根据空后的“an upcming tsunami, which Sabrina had just learnt abut in a gegraphy lessn”可推知,这些现象Sabrina刚刚在地理课上学到,所以这里指她意识到这些奇怪的事情应该是海啸即将到来的征兆。A.损害;B.迹象,征兆;C.影响;D.结果。故选B。
9.C 根据空后的“but she sn kept her head(但她很快就冷静了下来)”可知,刚开始知道海啸即将到来时Sabrina感到害怕。A.困惑的;B.感到尴尬的;C.感到害怕的;D.生气的。故选C。
10.D 根据下文的“kept asking her parents t talk t a safety fficer”,并结合文中第一段以及最后一段中提到的“danger”可推知,Sabrina意识到灾难要来了,所以警告父母海啸来临的危险。A.压力;B.发展;C.信用;D.危险。故选D。
11.C 根据下一句“Hwever, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster kept asking her parents t talk t a safety fficer.”可推知,起初Sabrina向父母发出警告时,他们以为Sabrina是在开玩笑,不相信灾难要来临。A.欺骗;B.辩论;C.开玩笑;D.帮助。故选C。
12.D 根据空后的“kept asking her parents t talk t a safety fficer”可推知,Sabrina不断要求她的父母与安全员交谈,说明她确信海啸即将来临。A.在控制中;B.现有(尤指帮助);C.看不见;D.即将来临。故选D。
13.D 根据“T her great relief”可知,安全员立刻意识到了即将来临的危险。A.事实上;B.焦虑地;C.好奇地;D.立刻。故选D。
14.C 根据第一段的“Gldshre Beach was the nly lcal beach t survive the disaster withut any lss f life.”可知,海啸最终没有给金海岸海滩带来人员伤亡,所以这里指在海啸来临前,海滩上的人被驱散了。clear sb. frm sp.意为“把某人从某地驱散”。A.治愈;B.警告;C.驱散,清除;D.提醒。故选C。
15.A 根据空前后的“the huge the cast”可推知,因为是海啸,所以这里指巨浪撞击海岸。A.碰撞;B.滑动;C.分开;D.轻拍。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.escape v.逃走;逃脱;避开 2.upcming adj.即将发生(或来临)的 3.relief n.宽慰
【差距词汇】 keep ne’s head保持冷静