人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 2 Wildlife protection精品练习

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 2 Wildlife protection精品练习，共30页。试卷主要包含了保护行动类，生存威胁类，生态关联类，认知倡导类等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单元引言解读
When the buying stps，the killing can t.
—WildAid
释义：没有买卖就没有杀害。
——野生动物救援
启示：这是保护野生动物的公益广告宣传语。它告诉人们，人类消费的每一只犀牛角、每一件皮草、每一碗鱼翅汤、每一件象牙制品、每一种虎骨制品等，其背后都有无辜的野生动物惨遭屠戮。
主题词汇积累
一、保护行动类
prtect wildlife habitats 保护野生动物栖息地
cmbat illegal hunting 打击非法捕猎
establish nature reserves 建立自然保护区
launch cnservatin campaigns 开展保护宣传活动
reintrduce endangered species 重新引入濒危物种
二、生存威胁类
face habitat lss 面临栖息地丧失
suffer frm paching 遭受偷猎之苦
be at risk f extinctin 处于灭绝风险
struggle with climate change 受气候变化威胁
be affected by human encrachment 因人类侵占（土地、资源 ）受影响
三、生态关联类
maintain eclgical balance 维持生态平衡
cntribute t bidiversity 助力生物多样性
frm a fd chain relatinship 构成食物链关系
share the same ecsystem 共享同一生态系统
四、认知倡导类
raise wildlife prtectin awareness 提升野生动物保护意识
prmte sustainable cexistence 倡导可持续共存
educate abut wildlife values 开展野生动物价值科普
call fr respnsible turism 呼吁负责任的生态旅游
supprt wildlife - friendly plicies 支持利于野生动物保护的政策
时文拓展阅读
(2024·山东省青岛市高一上期末)An adult African elephant cnsumes abut 223 liters f water and 3，080 punds f rts, grass and fruit daily. That's like having 634 cans f sda and 1，200 hamburgers every day. This keeps them mving thusands f miles acrss Africa each year. Elephants usually migrate between March and May. Females live in grups with their children, and quickly run ut f the fd supply. They hit the rad in search f fd. Male elephants live alne, s they dn't use resurces as quickly as the females. Instead, they migrate during their mating cycle. When the females pack their trunks, s d the males.
During migratin, elephants face shrt water supplies and extremely high temperatures. But peple are their number­ne prblem. Pachers (偷猎者) kill 35，000 elephants each year fr ivry. Many African farmers build fences (栅栏) t prtect crps and cattle, which might blck regular migratin paths. Traffic rads affect elephant migratin, t. During ne study f 28 elephants in Central Africa, nly ne female crssed an unprtected rad.
Scientists, wildlife rganizatins and gvernments cperate t find slutins fr Africa's elephants. “T unlck the secret f where elephants mve and hw they mve, we place cllars (项圈) with a satellite unit inside，” Dr Michael Chase says. GPS cllars help map which rutes elephants use mst s that cuntries can establish prtected elephant passages.
Lcals cme in as well. James Isiche, East Africa Directr f the Internatinal Fund fr Animal Welfare says, “We have gt the cmmunity n ur side by a prject; they've agreed t partner with us t cnserve elephants.” The lcal cmmunity run wildlife parks t attract turists. “This prject helps us take care f bth the wildlife and ur cws，” says Sikira, a tribal elder in Maasai, Kenya. Prtecting elephant migratin rutes allws these gentle giants t survive.
【译文欣赏】
一头成年非洲象每天要消耗约 223 升水，以及 3080 磅的根茎、青草和水果。这就好比每天要喝 634 罐汽水、吃 1200 个汉堡。如此大的食量，使得它们每年要在非洲大地上迁徙数千英里。大象通常在 3 月到 5 月间迁徙。母象会和幼象群居生活，食物很快就会耗尽，于是它们就踏上旅途去寻找食物。公象独自生活，所以消耗资源的速度不像母象那么快，它们会在交配周期内迁徙。当母象开始迁徙时，公象也会跟上。
在迁徙过程中，大象要面对水资源短缺和极端高温的挑战，但人类才是它们面临的头号难题。偷猎者每年为获取象牙会猎杀 3.5 万头大象。许多非洲农民会搭建栅栏来保护庄稼和牲畜，而这可能会阻断大象常规的迁徙路线。公路也会对大象迁徙造成影响。在一项针对中非 28 头大象的研究中，只有一头母象穿过了一条没有防护设施的公路。
科学家、野生动物组织和政府携手合作，为非洲大象寻找保护对策。“为了弄清楚大象的迁徙路线和方式，我们给它们戴上内置卫星装置的项圈，” 迈克尔・蔡斯博士说道。GPS 项圈有助于绘制出大象最常走的路线，这样各国就能设立受保护的大象迁徙通道。
当地社区也参与进来。国际爱护动物基金会东非地区主任詹姆斯・伊西切表示：“我们通过一个项目争取到了社区的支持，他们已同意和我们合作保护大象。” 当地社区运营野生动物园来吸引游客。“这个项目帮助我们同时守护了野生动物和自家的牛群，” 肯尼亚马赛族的一位部落长老西基拉说道。保护大象的迁徙路线，能让这些温顺的庞然大物得以生存下去。
【词汇积累】
【知识拓展】
非洲象的生存现状：非洲象因象牙贸易，长期遭受偷猎威胁，数量急剧减少，是濒危物种。同时，人类活动（如农业扩张、道路建设 ）不断挤压其生存空间，影响迁徙、觅食等行为，保护非洲象成为全球生物多样性保护的重要议题 。
动物迁徙研究手段：文中提到给大象戴带卫星装置的项圈（GPS cllars ），这是现代动物迁徙研究常用技术。通过卫星追踪，科学家能精准掌握动物迁徙路线、活动规律，为制定保护策略（如建立迁徙通道 ）提供数据支持，类似手段也用于研究鸟类、鲸鱼等迁徙物种 。
社区参与保护模式：非洲一些地区推动当地社区参与野生动物保护，像文中提到的运营野生动物园吸引游客。这种模式能让社区从保护中获益（如旅游收入 ），从而更主动参与，形成 “保护 - 发展” 良性循环，是生物多样性保护的创新实践方向 。
【词汇延伸】
1. cnsume（v. 消耗；消费 ）
词形拓展：
cnsumer（n. 消费者 ）：“Green cnsumers prefer ec - friendly prducts.”（环保消费者更喜欢生态友好型产品 ）
cnsumptin（n. 消耗；消费量 ）：“The car has a high fuel cnsumptin.”（这辆车油耗很高 ）
近义词：use up（用完 ）、devur（狼吞虎咽；大量消耗 ，侧重快速 / 彻底消耗 ） ，如 “The fire devured the frest.”（大火吞噬了森林 ，这里可理解为 “消耗” 森林资源 ）
2. migrate（v. 迁徙；迁移 ）
词形拓展：
migratin（n. 迁徙；迁移 ）：“Bird migratin is a wnderful natural phenmenn.”（鸟类迁徙是奇妙的自然现象 ）
migrant（n. 候鸟；移民 ）：“Many migrants mve t cities fr better jbs.”（许多移民为更好工作搬到城市 ；也可指 “候鸟” ，如 “bird migrants” ）
近义词：relcate（重新安置；迁徙 ，更侧重 “人为 / 主动迁移位置” ） ，如 “The cmpany decided t relcate its factry.”（公司决定搬迁工厂 ；若说动物，可拟人化用 ，如 “Sme animals relcate seasnally.” ）
3. supply（n. 供应；补给 / v. 供应；提供 ）
词形拓展：
supplier（n. 供应商 ）：“We need t find a reliable water supplier.”（我们得找可靠的水供应商 ）
supply chain（供应链 ）：“Disruptins in the supply chain affect prduct delivery.”（供应链中断影响产品交付 ）
近义词（作动词 ）：prvide（提供 ，更通用 ）、furnish（供应；装备 ，侧重 “配备 / 提供完整物资” ） ，如 “The htel furnishes guests with clean twels.”（酒店给客人提供干净毛巾 ）
4. blck（v. 阻挡；堵塞 / n. 街区；障碍物 ）
词形拓展：
blckage（n. 堵塞；障碍物 ）：“A blckage in the pipe caused the fld.”（管道堵塞引发了水灾 ）
blckbuster（n. 大片；轰动之作 ，原义 “大炸弹” ，引申为 “影响大的事物” ） ：“The new mvie is a summer blckbuster.”（这部新电影是暑期大片 ）
近义词（作动词 ）：bstruct（妨碍；阻塞 ，更正式，常指 “故意 / 严重阻碍” ） ，如 “Cnstructin wrk is bstructing traffic.”（建筑工程阻碍了交通 ）
5. cnserve（v. 保护；保存 ）
词形拓展：
cnservatin（n. 保护；保存 ，尤指自然资源、文化遗产等 ）：“Wildlife cnservatin is crucial fr bidiversity.”（野生动物保护对生物多样性至关重要 ）
cnservative（adj. 保守的；守旧的 / n. 保守派 ）：“He has a cnservative attitude twards new technlgy.”（他对新技术态度保守 ）
近义词：preserve（保护；维护 ，侧重 “维持原有状态” ）、prtect（保护 ，通用词 ） ，如 “We must preserve ancient buildings.”（我们必须保护古建筑 ，和 cnserve 在 “文化遗产保护” 语境可替换 ）
6. establish（v. 建立；设立 ）
词形拓展：
establishment（n. 建立；机构 ）：“The establishment f the nature reserve tk years.”（自然保护区的建立花了数年 ；也可指 “企业 / 机构” ，如 “a business establishment” ）
established（adj. 已建立的；公认的 ）：“an established brand”（一个知名品牌 ）
近义词：fund（创立；创办 ，侧重 “从无到有创建” ）、set up（建立；搭建 ，口语化 ） ，如 “They funded a charity t help elephants.”（他们创立了一个慈善机构帮助大象 ；set up 更随意，如 “set up a tent” ）
【长难句分析】
句子：An adult African elephant cnsumes abut 223 liters f water and 3,080 punds f rts, grass and fruit daily. That's like having 634 cans f sda and 1,200 hamburgers every day.
分析：第一句是简单陈述句，主语 “An adult African elephant” ，谓语 “cnsumes” ，宾语是水、食物等内容，清晰呈现大象日常的食量。第二句用比喻的方式，把大象食量类比成人们熟悉的汽水罐和汉堡数量，“like having...” 是介词短语作表语，让抽象的食量数据更直观易懂 。
句子：Many African farmers build fences (栅栏) t prtect crps and cattle, which might blck regular migratin paths.
分析：主句是 “Many African farmers build fences... t prtect crps and cattle” ，“t prtect...” 是不定式作目的状语，说明建栅栏的目的。“which might blck regular migratin paths” 是非限制性定语从句，修饰 “fences” ，补充说明栅栏对大象迁徙路径的影响，“which” 在从句中作主语 。
句子：T unlck the secret f where elephants mve and hw they mve, we place cllars (项圈) with a satellite unit inside，” Dr Michael Chase says.
分析：“T unlck the secret f where elephants mve and hw they mve” 是不定式短语作目的状语，其中 “where elephants mve and hw they mve” 是宾语从句，作 “secret” 的同位语，解释 “secret” 的具体内容。主句是 “we place cllars... inside” ，“with a satellite unit inside” 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “cllars” 。
句子：GPS cllars help map which rutes elephants use mst s that cuntries can establish prtected elephant passages.
分析：主句 “GPS cllars help map which rutes elephants use mst” 中，“map” 是谓语动词，“which rutes elephants use mst” 是宾语从句，作 “map” 的宾语。“s that cuntries can establish prtected elephant passages” 是目的状语从句，说明给大象戴 GPS 项圈、绘制迁徙路线图的目的 。
高考真题链接
（2023·全国甲卷·高考真题）Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche — we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the turists frm arund the wrld that fld int Yellwstne Natinal Park what they mst hpe t see, and their answer is ften the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-ccupying large areas f their frmer range,” says bear bilgist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range int places where they haven’t been seen in a century r mre, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half f the US was full f grizzlies when Eurpeans came, with a rugh number f 50,000 r mre living alngside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries f cruel and cntinuus hunting by settlers, 600 t 800 grizzlies remained n a mere 2 percent f their frmer range in the Nrthern Rckies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Tday, there are abut 2,000 r mre grizzly bears in the US. Their recvery has been s successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t delist grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted. Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups. Fr nw, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviusly, if precautins (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can becme trublesme, smetimes killing farm animals r walking thrugh yards in search f fd. If peple remve fd and attractants frm their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by withut truble. Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits,” says James Jnkel, lngtime bilgist wh manages bears in and arund Missula.
12．Hw d Americans lk at grizzlies?
A．They cause mixed feelings in peple.
B．They shuld be kept in natinal parks.
C．They are f high scientific value.
D．They are a symbl f American culture.
13．What has helped the increase f the grizzly ppulatin?
A．The Eurpean settlers’ behavir.
B．The expansin f bears’ range.
C．The prtectin by law since 1975.
D．The supprt f Native Americans.
14．What has stpped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service frm delisting grizzlies?
A．The ppsitin f cnservatin grups.
B．The successful cmeback f grizzlies.
C．The vice f the bilgists.
D．The lcal farmers’ advcates.
15．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Fd shuld be prvided fr grizzlies.
B．Peple can live in harmny with grizzlies.
C．A special path shuld be built fr grizzlies.
D．Technlgy can be intrduced t prtect grizzlies.
【答案】12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2000多头，但也带来了一些问题。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. (灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. (1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段“Tday, there are abut 2, 000 r mre grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recvery has been s successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t delist grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted. (如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀)”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Tday, there are abut 2,000 r mre grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recvery has been s successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t delist grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted. Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups. Fr nw, grizzlies remain listed. (如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上)”可知，是环保组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviusly, if precautins aren’t taken, grizzlies can becme trublesme, smetimes killing farm animals r walking thrugh yards in search f fd. If peple remve fd and attractants frm their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by withut truble. Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits,“ says James Jnkel, lngtime bilgist wh manages bears in and arund Missula. (显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。“我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，”詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家)”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。
1.句子：Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche — we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.
分析：
主句为 “Grizzly bears ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche”，核心结构为 “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”。
“which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg” 是非限制性定语从句，修饰 “Grizzly bears”，补充说明灰熊的体型特征。
破折号后 “we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams” 是对 “cnflicted crner” 的解释，其中 “even as” 引导让步状语从句，体现美国人对灰熊 “敬畏与恐惧并存” 的矛盾心理。
2.句子：Their recvery has been s successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t delist grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted.
分析：
主干为 “” 引导的结果状语从句，“Their recvery has been s successful” 是主句。
“that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t delist grizzlies” 是结果状语，说明恢复成功的后果。
“which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted” 是非限制性定语从句，修饰 “delist grizzlies”，解释 “除名” 的影响 —— 法律保护减弱并允许捕猎。
3.句子：Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away.
分析：
动名词短语 “Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters” 作主语，强调 “设置电动围栏” 这一行为。
表语部分 “highly effective at getting grizzlies away” 说明该行为的效果，其中 “be effective at ding” 为固定搭配。
背景知识：
美国《濒危物种法》（Endangered Species Act, ESA）：
1973 年颁布，是美国保护濒危物种及其栖息地的核心法律，旨在防止物种灭绝、促进种群恢复。灰熊于 1975 年被列入该法案保护名单，获得法律层面的严格保护（如禁止捕猎、栖息地破坏等），这是其数量从 20 世纪 70 年代的 600-800 头恢复到如今 2000 多头的关键原因。
灰熊保护争议：
一方面，灰熊数量恢复引发 “是否应解除保护” 的争议：支持者认为其种群已稳定，可适度开放捕猎；反对者（如环保组织）则强调栖息地碎片化、气候变化等威胁仍存在，需持续保护。文中 “两次试图除名被诉讼推翻” 即体现了这一矛盾。
人熊冲突与解决措施：
灰熊因觅食进入人类活动区域（如农场、营地）时，可能引发冲突（如杀死牲畜、破坏财物）。常见预防措施包括：移除食物源（避免吸引灰熊）、设置电动围栏、建立 “无诱饵区域” 等，这些措施旨在减少冲突，实现人与熊的共存。
阅读微技能（解题技巧）
1.关键词定位法：
如第 12 题询问美国人对灰熊的看法，通过题干关键词 “Americans lk at grizzlies” 定位到第一段 “cnflicted crner f the American psyche”，直接匹配 A 选项 “mixed feelings”。
2.因果逻辑推理：
第 13 题问灰熊数量增长的原因，需梳理文中因果链：1975 年列入《濒危物种法》（因）→ 法律保护加强 → 数量恢复（果），对应 C 选项。注意排除干扰项 B（“范围扩张” 是数量增长的表现，而非原因）。
3.细节对比分析：
第 14 题考查 “阻止除名的因素”，根据第四段 “Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups”，直接锁定 A 选项 “环保组织的反对”，需区分 “生物学家的观点” 与 “环保组织诉讼” 的不同作用。
4.段落主旨归纳：
最后一段通过 “precautins”“remve fd”“electric fencing” 等措施，以及生物学家的言论，归纳出主旨：人类可通过主动措施减少冲突，与灰熊和谐共处，对应 B 选项。避免过度推断 D 选项 “引入技术”（仅提到电动围栏，非泛指所有技术）。
综合实战演练
Passage 1
（湖北省荆门市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷）It’s imprtant t remember humans aren’t the nly nes wh take amazing steps t prtect nurture and raise their yung. The animal kingdm is filled with mms that g the extra mile fr their yung. Here’s a lk at three utstanding animal mthers.
African Elephant
Baby elephants can’t see well at first, s they heavily depend n their mthers and stick clse t them fr the first few mnths f their lives. Elephants frm a matriarchal (母系的) sciety where just abut every female takes part in raising the little nes. Elephant babies usually stay with their mthers fr supprt and nutritin fr up t tw years, during which they are als taught t find fd, cllect water, and prtect themselves.
Orangutan (猩猩)
Orangutan mms stand ut in the mthering wrld thanks t tw majr elements f their parenting. First, they either build a new nest r head t an lder ne every single night. Nt impressed yet? Cnsider the secnd unbelievable qualities f rangutan mms: Orangutan kids have the lngest dependence perid f any land-dwelling animal, and they will stay with their mms fr up t seven years as mm teaches them hw t find fd and build nests. They even cme back t “visit” fr much lnger than that t learn mthering skills themselves later n.
Plar Bears
A pregnant female creates a den in deep snw where she’ll give birth t cubs weighing just 1.5 punds—while she herself hasn’t eaten fr mnths. Fr up t eight mnths, she’ll nurse these weak cubs using nly her fat reserves, lsing up t 43% f her bdy weight in the prcess. Once they cme ut f the den, plar bear mthers becme prtectrs, willing t fight even larger male bears that pse a threat t their cubs. They’ll spend 2.5 years r s teaching their yung essential survival skills fr Arctic life.
1．Hw d elephant mthers help their yung?
A．By instructing them n parenting skillsB．By teaching them t find fd and water.
C．By prtecting them fr nly a few days.D．By leaving them in the wild uncared fr.
2．What is special abut the Orangutan kids?
A．They have pr sight at first.B．They like living in the ld nests.
C．They have a clse bnd with their mther.D．They can live withut eating fr mnths
3．Hw lng will the plar bears learn t survive frm their mther?
A．Fr a few mnthsB．Fr less than 2 year
C．Fr mre than 7 years.D．Fr abut 2.5 years.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍非洲象、猩猩和北极熊这三种动物母亲为养育幼崽所做的努力。
1．细节理解题。根据African Elephant部分中的“Elephant babies usually stay with their mthers fr supprt and nutritin fr up t tw years, during which they are als taught t find fd, cllect water, and prtect themselves.(小象通常会和母亲一起生活长达两年，以获得支持和营养，在此期间，母亲还会教它们寻找食物、收集水和保护自己)”可知，大象妈妈通过教幼象寻找食物和水来帮助它们。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据Orangutan部分中的“Cnsider the secnd unbelievable qualities f rangutan mms: Orangutan kids have the lngest dependence perid f any land-dwelling animal, and they will stay with their mms fr up t seven years as mm teaches them hw t find fd and build nests. They even cme back t “visit” fr much lnger than that t learn mthering skills themselves later n. ( 再来看看猩猩妈妈另一个令人难以置信的特质：猩猩幼崽的依赖期在所有陆地动物中是最长的，它们会与妈妈共同生活长达七年之久，期间妈妈会教它们如何觅食和筑巢。甚至在那之后，它们还会回来“探望”，以便日后学习育儿技能)”可知，猩猩幼崽的特别之处在于它们与母亲关系密切。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据Plar Bears部分中的“They’ll spend 2.5 years r s teaching their yung essential survival skills fr Arctic life.(它们会花大约2.5年的时间教幼崽北极生活的基本生存技能)”可知，北极熊会向母亲学习大约2.5年的生存技能。故选D项。
Passage 2
（河南省郑州市2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题）Climate change is having a far-reaching and significant impact n the wrld’s bird species, with a new study revealing that many are becming smaller in size. This research prvides crucial insights int the cmplex relatinship between birds and their changing envirnment.
Researchers frm multiple famus universities, such as the University f Guelph and the University f Michigan, carefully examined data n nearly 80, 000 individual birds frm 52 species acrss Nrth America. Their in-depth study cvered a perid f ver 40 years. During this perid, as the glbal climate cntinued t warm, with average temperatures steadily rising, a remarkable trend emerged: the birds, n average, became smaller. In additin t the decrease in bdy size, the birds’ wingspans (翼幅) have als increased slightly. Scientists believe this is a natural way t survive. In warmer cnditins, a larger wingspan can help birds generate mre lift with less effrt, enabling them t migrate mre flexibly ver lng distances.
The study’s lead authr, Dr. Ryan Nrris, nted that the changes in bird size and wingspan are highly likely a direct respnse t climate change. “Birds are highly sensitive t envirnmental changes, and these findings suggest that they are evlving (进化) in respnse t rising temperatures,” he said. “Smaller bdy size may help birds regulate their bdy temperature mre effectively in warmer climates, while the increase in wingspan culd aid in their ability t find fd and mates ver larger areas as habitats shift.”
Hwever, the researchers als warned that these changes culd have negative cnsequences fr sme bird species. Fr instance, smaller-bdied sngbirds may have less energy t bear the delicate balance f cmpetitin fr resurces. A bird with a changed wingspan might find it mre difficult t cmpete with its peers fr limited fd surces r nesting sites. Additinally, as the predatr-prey (捕食者与猎物) relatinship is ften based n the birds’ riginal physical feature, the new wingspan characteristics culd als impact their ability t avid predatrs.
1．What did the researchers frm the universities d?
A．They investigated the differences between birds.
B．They studied bird migratin patterns ver 40 years.
C．They analyzed data n many birds f varied species.
D．They bserved bird behavir during warmer climates.
2．Why d birds’ wingspans increase slightly?
A．T fly faster and higher in warm climates.B．T attract mates by enlarging their bdies.
C．T adapt well t the changing envirnment.D．T imprve the predatr avidance abilities.
3．What d Dr. Ryan Nrris’s remarks cnvey?
A．Birds are seldm sensitive t warming climate.
B．Rising temperatures affect bird size and wingspan.
C．The habitat changing primarily pushes bird evlutin.
D．An increased size in wingspan is mainly fr fd cmpetitin.
4．What des the authr intend t tell us in the last paragraph?
A．Birds will be free frm their predatrs.B．Large bird species may becme extinct.
C．Birds will have even mre fd surces.D．Sme birds may face survival challenges.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D
【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。主要介绍了气候变化对鸟类体型和翼展的影响，以及科学家对此现象的研究和解释。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers frm multiple famus universities, such as the University f Guelph and the University f Michigan, carefully examined data n nearly 80,000 individual birds frm 52 species acrss Nrth America. (来自多所著名大学的研究人员，如圭尔夫大学和密歇根大学，仔细研究了北美52种鸟类近8万只个体的数据)”可知，研究人员分析了大量不同种类鸟类的数据。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In warmer cnditins, a larger wingspan can help birds generate mre lift with less effrt, enabling them t migrate mre flexibly ver lng distances. (在更温暖的环境中，更大的翼展可以帮助鸟类更省力地产生升力，使它们能够更灵活地进行长距离迁徙)”可知，鸟类翼展的增加是为了更好地适应环境变化。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“The study’s lead authr, Dr. Ryan Nrris, nted that the changes in bird size and wingspan are highly likely a direct respnse t climate change. “Birds are highly sensitive t envirnmental changes, and these findings suggest that they are evlving (进化) in respnse t rising temperatures,” he said. (该研究的首席作者瑞安·诺里斯博士指出，鸟类体型和翼展的变化极可能是对气候变化的直接反应。“鸟类对环境变化高度敏感，这些发现表明它们正在因气温上升而发生进化，”他说道)”可知，气温上升影响了鸟类的体型和翼展。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fr instance, smaller-bdied sngbirds may have less energy t bear the delicate balance f cmpetitin fr resurces. A bird with a changed wingspan might find it mre difficult t cmpete with its peers fr limited fd surces r nesting sites. Additinally, as the predatr-prey (捕食者与猎物) relatinship is ften based n the birds’ riginal physical feature, the new wingspan characteristics culd als impact their ability t avid predatrs. (例如，体型较小的鸣禽可能没有足够的能量来维持资源竞争的微妙平衡。翼展改变的鸟类可能会发现与同伴竞争有限的食物来源或筑巢地点更加困难。此外，由于捕食者与猎物的关系通常是基于鸟类原有的身体特征，新的翼展特征也可能影响它们躲避捕食者的能力)”可知，一些鸟类可能面临生存挑战。故选D项。
Passage 3
（24-25高一下·湖北襄阳·期末）A research paper argues that climate change has led t mre sea animals changing their migratry (迁徙的) behavir. In the spring f 2010, a gray whale, which lives in the Pacific Ocean, was sptted in the Mediterranean Sea ff the cast f Israel. It was the first time a gray whale had been seen in the Nrth Atlantic in abut 200 years.
A grup f scientists, led by Seabird McKen, recently published a paper abut the strange pattern. It suggests that climate change may be the reasn. The Arctic generally acts as an bstructin between the Pacific and the Atlantic, keeping animals frm mving between the tw ceans. Hwever, as the climate has becme warmer, ice in the Arctic Sea has started t melt (融化). As a result, passages have pened up in the ice, allwing animals t crss thrugh the Arctic. Scientists call these mvements “faunal exchange”.
It is nt the first time that such a mvement has happened, and perhaps McKen and his team’s examinatin f past examples might accunt fr it. One example cnsidered is a large exchange that ccurred several millin years ag. A thin piece f land called the Isthmus f Panama frmed between Nrth and Suth America, allwing land animals t crss between the tw cntinents fr the first time. As a result, animals frm Nrth America reached Suth America and utcmpeted many f the native species there. In that case, faunal exchange upset the perfect balance f the fd web. Besides, it may lead t genetic changes as well, which created new genetic cmbinatins.
At this pint, faunal exchange between the Pacific and Atlantic is already ccurring and will nly increase as mre passages pen up. McKen said that clse attentin shuld be paid t faunal exchange acrss the Arctic. If it cntinues, it may create new threats.
1．What des the underlined wrd “bstructin” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．A habitat fr sea animals.B．A shelter fr fish gathering.
C．A passage fr animals t crss.D．A blck t animals’ mvements.
2．Hw des the authr explain “faunal exchange” in paragraph 3?
A．By quting an expert.B．By listing numbers.
C．By making a cmparisn.D．By giving a definitin.
3．Hw wuld McKen feel abut the effect f the faunal exchange?
A．Cncerned.B．Puzzled.C．Favrable.D．Uncaring.
4．What is the main idea f the text?
A．Climate change impacts animal migratin patterns.
B．Melting ice threatens the survival f many species.
C．Faunal exchange has becme a glbal phenmenn.
D．The discvery f gray whales inspires related research.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了气候变化如何导致海洋动物迁徙行为的变化，特别是通过北极融冰通道在太平洋和大西洋之间出现的“动物区系交换”现象及其潜在影响。
1．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“keeping animals frm mving between the tw ceans. Hwever, as the climate has becme warmer, ice in the Arctic Sea has started t melt (融化). As a result, passages have pened up in the ice, allwing animals t crss thrugh the Arctic. (阻止动物在两大洋之间迁移。然而，随着气候变暖，北冰洋的冰层开始融化，导致冰层中出现了通道，使得动物能够穿越北极地区)”可知，北冰洋过去起到阻碍太平洋和大西洋之间动物迁徙的作用，因此画线词指的是阻碍动物迁徙的障碍物。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“One example cnsidered is a large exchange that ccurred several millin years ag. A thin piece f land called the Isthmus f Panama frmed between Nrth and Suth America, allwing land animals t crss between the tw cntinents fr the first time. As a result, animals frm Nrth America reached Suth America and utcmpeted many f the native species there. In that case, faunal exchange upset the perfect balance f the fd web. Besides, it may lead t genetic changes as well, which created new genetic cmbinatins. (其中一个被研究的案例是数百万年前发生的大规模物种交换。当时北美和南美之间形成了名为巴拿马地峡的狭长陆地，首次使陆生动物得以在两块大陆间迁徙。其结果是，来自北美洲的动物进入南美洲后，在生存竞争中淘汰了许多当地物种。这种动物群交换打破了食物网的完美平衡。此外，它还可能导致基因变化，从而产生新的基因组合)”可知，作者通过将现在的动物区系交换现象与数百万年前巴拿马地峡形成时的动物迁徙进行类比，来解释“faunal exchange”的影响。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“McKen said that clse attentin shuld be paid t faunal exchange acrss the Arctic. If it cntinues, it may create new threats. (McKen表示，应密切关注北极地区的物种交换。如果持续下去，这可能会带来新的威胁)”可知，McKen认为物种交换可能带来威胁，因此他的态度是“担忧的”。故选A项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A research paper argues that climate change has led t mre sea animals changing their migratry (迁徙的) behavir. (一篇研究论文认为，气候变化导致更多海洋动物改变迁徙行为)”可知，文章围绕气候变化如何影响动物迁徙模式展开，特别是通过北极融冰通道出现的太平洋和大西洋之间的“动物区系交换”现象及其潜在影响。因此，A项“气候变化影响动物迁徙模式”是其主旨。故选A项。
Passage 4
（24-25高二下·贵州贵阳·期末）Many animals depend n sund fr survival — finding fd, detecting danger, and cmmunicating. When nisy mtrways cut thrugh their habitats, these creatures face challenges. Sme adapt by speaking luder, thers shift their calling times, and a few relcate t quieter areas. Hwever, all these adjustments cme at a cst, and nise pllutin has lng been recgnized as harmful t the envirnment.
Fr a lng time, it was believed that nly animals were affected by nise. But a new study by btanist Ali Akbar Ghtbi-Ravandi frm Shahid Behesti University in Tehran reveals that plants suffer t. Plants can be indirectly harmed by nise. Mst flwering plants rely n pllinatrs, and fruit-bearing plants need animals t spread seeds. If these animals are damaged by nise, the plants will struggle. Yet, whether plants are directly impacted by nise remained unknwn.
Sunds are pressure waves traveling thrugh gases, liquids, and slids. Scientists suspected plants culd sense these waves. Recent lab experiments fund that when expsed t ultrasund (超声波), plants shw negative respnses — activating stress-related genes, grwing stuntedly, and having fewer seeds sprut. Hwever, lab-based ultrasund expsure differs frm real-wrld traffic nise. T explre this, Dr. Ghtbi-Ravandi cnducted an experiment. His team grew tw cmmn urban plants frm seeds in the lab. After tw mnths f grwth, the plants were divided int tw grups. One grup was expsed t 73-decibel traffic nise (recrded frm a busy Tehran mtrway) fr 16 hurs daily; the ther grew in silence. After 15 days, samples frm the yungest fully-develped leaves were analyzed.
Plants in the nisy grup fared prly. Chemical markers f stress were much higher. Ntably, it dubled cmpared t the quiet grup. This study prves nise pllutin directly harms plants, highlighting a brader envirnmental threat.
1．What was the aim f Dr. Ghtbi-Ravandi’s experiment?
A．T prve that ultrasund harms plants.
B．T test if plants can adapt t traffic nise.
C．T cmpare the grwth f different urban plants.
D．T find ut if plants are directly affected by traffic nise.
2．Frm the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．nise pllutin may largely harm the ecsystem
B．plants and animals react t nise in the same way
C．nly urban plants are affected by traffic nise
D．plants can prtect themselves frm nise pllutin
3．The underlined wrd “stuntedly” in paragraph 4 means “________”.
A．quicklyB．slwly.C．healthilyD．alne
4．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．Urban Plants: Victims f Traffic Nise.
B．Hw Nise Pllutin Changes Ecsystems.
C．New Study: Plants Suffer frm Nise Directly.
D．Plants and Animals: Partners in Nise Pllutin.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过实验证明噪声污染不仅间接（通过动物）还直接危害植物生长，强调其对生态系统的广泛威胁。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Hwever, lab-based ultrasund expsure differs frm real-wrld traffic nise. T explre this, Dr. Ghtbi-Ravandi cnducted an experiment. His team grew tw cmmn urban plants frm seeds in the lab. After tw mnths f grwth, the plants were divided int tw grups. One grup was expsed t 73-decibel traffic nise (recrded frm a busy Tehran mtrway) fr 16 hurs daily; the ther grew in silence. After 15 days, samples frm the yungest fully-develped leaves were analyzed.(然而，基于实验室的超声波照射不同于现实世界的交通噪音。为了探索这个问题，Ghtbi-Ravandi博士进行了一项实验。他的团队在实验室里用种子培育了两种常见的城市植物。经过两个月的生长，这些植物被分成两组。一组每天暴露在73分贝的交通噪音中16小时（记录自繁忙的德黑兰高速公路）；另一个在安静中长大。15天后，从最年轻的完全发育的叶片中提取样本进行分析。)”可知，Ghtbi-Ravandi博士的实验中，一组植物暴露于交通噪音，另一组在安静环境中生长，其目的是验证交通噪音是否对植物有直接影响。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段中“ Hwever, all these adjustments cme at a cst, and nise pllutin has lng been recgnized as harmful t the envirnment.(然而，所有这些调整都是有代价的，噪音污染长期以来一直被认为对环境有害。)”和最后一段中“This study prves nise pllutin directly harms plants, highlighting a brader envirnmental threat.(这项研究证明噪音污染直接危害植物，突出了更广泛的环境威胁。)”可知，噪音污染可能在很大程度上损害生态系统。故选A项。
3．词句猜测题。划线词句上文“Recent lab experiments fund that when expsed t ultrasund(超声波), plants shw negative respnses—activating stress-related genes(最近的实验室实验发现，当暴露在超声波下时，植物会表现出负面反应——激活应激基因)”和下文“and having fewer seeds sprut(并且种子发芽减少)”以及最后一段中“Plants in the nisy grup fared prly.(嘈杂组中的植物生长状况差。)”说明暴露在超声波下的植物会有负面反应，如激活应激基因和种子发芽减少，生长状况差，由此推知，其生长受阻，从而推知其中划线词应为“迟缓，缓慢”的意思，与B项同义。故选B项。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Plants in the nisy grup fared prly. Chemical markers f stress were much higher. Ntably, it dubled cmpared t the quiet grup. This study prves nise pllutin directly harms plants, highlighting a brader envirnmental threat.(嘈杂组中的植物生长状况差。化学应激标志物要高得多。值得注意的是，它是安静组的两倍。这项研究证明噪音污染直接危害植物，突出了更广泛的环境威胁。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项关于噪音污染直接危害植物的研究，文章最好的标题是C项“新研究：植物会直接受到噪音的影响”。故选C项。
Passage 5
（24-25高一下·天津和平·期末）The Feather f Impermanence (无常)
Wuld yu spend 30 minutes every day lking at a kitty and interacting with it? Even it is just an electrnic kitty? Recently, Zha Shu @Zha Shu’s Jurney t the West, a Tiktk riding bradcaster, and his cat Wukng, whm he met and adpted n his way t the west, became ppular n the Internet.
Zha Shu’s vides shwed twering snw-capped muntains, winding rivers, and his fluffy cat, Wukng. Like a magnet, they appealed t millins f tired city peple. Fr mnths, fans enjyed their “digital pet,” sending warm greetings like “Gdnight, Wukng” acrss screens. Zha Shu kept cycling utdrs, cvering 12,000 miles, half f which was with Wukng since their meeting in Kanas, Xinjiang. Many amusing little things happened n their jurney, and Wukng’s arrival als made Zha’s vide clips mre lively and vivid. In a wrld f cnstant wanting and stress, their simple jurney shne brightly. Peple saw real inncence (天真) and freedm, making their wn material lives seem pale.
Then came the switch. Wukng suddenly died f uncertain reasns, and even t this day, there are many dubts surrunding his death, which was s unacceptable that peple kept desperately asking why — but their cries were abut mre than a lst cat. Wukng’s death felt like the death f inncence itself. We lng fr safety, happiness, and warmth t last frever, like slid rcks. Wukng’s unexplained end destryed that dream like lightning. It shwed life’s cruel truth: everything is fragile, and fate is unpredictable. It left a heavy emptiness.
Zha Shu drve 1,500 miles t bury Wukng back in Kanas. This lng jurney thrugh grief was his valley f srrw. The sng” Dear Yu” cried ut his pain — but the true strength frm his actin isn’t just tears. Facing severe lss, finding yur way frm the ruins, that is grwth. By returning Wukng t Kanas Lake’s clear water, he tuched life’s deepest truth: even when lve is brken, its unseen bnd remains strng.
Wukng, that light feather, was blwn away by the wind f change. He tk ur dream f perfect safety with him. Yet, he als lifted a veil (面纱): trying t hld happiness tight is like grasping sand — it slips away.
True peace isn’t a high wall against life’s strms. It’s like Kanas Lake. After muntains, cluds, wind, and rain paint its surface, it stays clear and deep. It hlds all changes yet still reflects the whle sky — embracing every clud and bird.
Life’s meaning isn’t fund in castles built up with material accumulatin, r in chasing frever-happiness. It lives in the wide field f the heart. Our deepest freedm and widest peace are fund simply, nt by aviding lss, but by walking thrugh its strm. Lsing Wukng taught us this: accepting impermanence is the path t inner calm and the truest freedm.
1．What is the prbable meaning f the underlined wrd in the secnd paragraph?
A．impactB．threatC．encuragementD．attractin
2．The third paragraph primarily serves t ________.
A．illustrate the cntrast between idealism and severe reality
B．mark a turning pint in the narrative’s emtinal tne
C．criticize public skepticism twards unexpected events
D．emphasize the medical mystery f Wukng’s death
3．What can be inferred frm Zha Shu’s act f driving 1,500 miles t bury Wukng in Kanas?
A．His jurney symblized a prcess f facing up t sadness and acceptance.
B．He rejected the reality f impermanence thrugh denial.
C．He sught public sympathy thrugh a dramatic actin.
D．His primary gal was t fulfill Wukng’s presumed last wish.
4．The authr’s central message in the passage is that ________.
A．material pursuits unavidably lead t emptiness
B．pet cmpaninship is essential fr emtinal healing
C．true freedm arises frm embracing the ever-changing nature f life
D．the fame gained frm scial media cannt relieve an enrmus persnal lss
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述抖音骑行主播赵朔和他的猫悟空的故事，表达了真正的自由源于接受生活的无常。
1．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Zha Shu’s vides shwed twering snw-capped muntains, winding rivers, and his fluffy cat, Wukng. (赵朔的视频里有巍峨的雪山、蜿蜒的河流和他毛茸茸的小猫悟空。)”和下文“they appealed t millins f tired city peple (它们吸引着千百万疲惫的城里人)” 可推知这里把视频比作磁铁，磁铁是有吸力的，所以划线词与“attractin (吸引力)” 意思相近。故选D。
2．推理判断题。前两段描述了赵朔和悟空的美好旅程以及他们受到粉丝喜爱的情况，氛围是积极的。而第三段“Then came the switch. Wukng suddenly died f uncertain reasns, and even t this day, there are many dubts surrunding his death, which was s unacceptable that peple kept desperately asking why — but their cries were abut mre than a lst cat. (然后发生了转变。悟空突然死亡，原因不明，直到今天，关于他的死亡仍有许多疑问，这让人难以接受，人们一直在拼命地问为什么，但他们的哭泣不仅仅是为了一只走失的猫。)”画风突变，情感基调从之前的美好、温馨转变为悲伤、沉重，所以推断出第三段主要标志着叙述情感基调的一个转折点。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“This lng jurney thrugh grief was his valley f srrw. The sng” Dear Yu” cried ut his pain — but the true strength frm his actin isn’t just tears. Facing severe lss, finding yur way frm the ruins, that is grwth. By returning Wukng t Kanas Lake’s clear water, he tuched life’s deepest truth: even when lve is brken, its unseen bnd remains strng. (这段漫长的悲伤之旅是他的悲伤之谷。《亲爱的你》这首歌表达了他的痛苦，但他的行动所蕴含的真正力量不仅仅是眼泪。面对严重的损失，在废墟中找到自己的路，这就是成长。通过让悟空回到喀纳斯湖清澈的湖水中，他触及了生命中最深的真理：即使爱破裂，它看不见的纽带仍然牢固。)” 由此推断赵朔开车1500英里去埋葬悟空，这个旅程象征着他面对悲伤并接受现实的过程。故选A。
4．推理判断题。作者通过讲述了悟空的死亡以及赵朔的应对，以及最后一句“Lsing Wukng taught us this: accepting impermanence is the path t inner calm and the truest freedm. (失去悟空教会了我们：接受无常是通往内心平静和真正自由的道路。)”可推断出作者的中心信息是真正的自由源于拥抱生活不断变化的本质。故选C。
Passage 6
（24-25高一下·湖北荆州·期末）Scientists wrking in Indnesia have bserved an rangutan (猩猩) intentinally treating a wund n his face with a medical plant, the first time this behaviur has been dcumented.
Accrding t a paper published in Scientific Reprts, Rakus, a male rangutan, treated a facial wund by chewing (咀嚼) leaves frm a plant and then cvered the wund with the chewed leaves, which are used in traditinal medicine t treat certain illnesses. The study’s lead authr Isabelle Laumer said the team were “very excited” by the bservatin. Althugh ther wild primates (灵长类动物) are knwn t use plants that have medical effects, scientists have never seen them used t treat recent wunds.
The team believe Rakus intentinally used the plant as he applied it ver and ver again in a prcess that tk several minutes. Rakus was mst likely hurt in a fight with anther male rangutan, which is nt cmmn in this area due t plenty f fd and gd relatinships between rangutans. This means rangutans seldm suffer wunds, giving researchers few pprtunities t bserve this behaviur.
As fr hw Rakus learnt t treat his wund, ne explanatin is “accidental individual inventin”. The rangutan may have tuched his wund accidentally while feeding n the plant and felt immediate pain relief due t its pain-relieving effects, making him repeat the behaviur. Anther explanatin is that Rakus learned frm ther rangutans in the area where he was brn.
The bservatin prvides new understanding abut the existence f self-treatment in ur clsest relatives and hw wund treatment began in evlutin, added Laumer, raising the pssibility that wund treatment may cme frm a cmmn ancestr shared by humans and rangutans. Thus researchers plan t clsely bserve ther rangutans in the area t see if the behaviur is repeated. “The findings indicate hw much humans and rangutans have in cmmn. We are mre similar than different,” she said. “We hpe this study raises awareness f hw t prtect these endangered animals in the wild.”
1．Why is Rakus thught t have used the plant n purpse?
A．He managed t tell the plant frm thers.B．He taught his partners t d the same thing.
C．He repeated the behaviur in a certain perid.D．He had used plants with medical effects befre.
2．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．The individual inventin Rakus designed.B．The pssible ways Rakus learnt self-treatment.
C．The delicius plants Rakus fed n accidentally.D．The immediate pain relief Rakus gt frm the plant.
3．What d the researchers plan t d?
A．Analyze the findings.B．Identify mre evidence.
C．Prve the significance.D．Cnsider mre pssibilities.
4．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Plant Is Fund t Treat Animal WundB．Orangutans Include Plant in their Diet
C．Scientists Discver New Medical PlantD．Orangutan Uses Plant t Deal with Injury
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了科学家在印度尼西亚观察到一只雄性猩猩Rakus用具有药用价值的植物有意治疗面部伤口，并探讨了这种行为的可能来源及意义。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The team believe Rakus intentinally used the plant as he applied it ver and ver again in a prcess that tk several minutes. (研究小组认为，Rakus是有意使用这种植物的，因为它在一遍又一遍地涂抹过程中花费了好几分钟。)”可知，Rakus被认为是有意使用这种植物是因为他在一段时间内重复了这种行为。故选C。
2．主旨大意题。根据第四段“As fr hw Rakus learnt t treat his wund, ne explanatin is “accidental individual inventin”. The rangutan may have tuched his wund accidentally while feeding n the plant and felt immediate pain relief due t its pain-relieving effects, making him repeat the behaviur. Anther explanatin is that Rakus learned frm ther rangutans in the area where he was brn. (至于Rakus是如何学会治疗伤口的，一种解释是“偶然的个人发明”。猩猩可能在吃这种植物时不小心碰到了伤口，由于这种植物的止痛作用，他立即感到疼痛缓解，这使他重复了这种行为。另一种解释是，Rakus从他出生地的其他猩猩那里学到的。)”可知，第四段主要讲的是Rakus学习自我治疗的可能方式。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thus researchers plan t clsely bserve ther rangutans in the area t see if the behaviur is repeated. (因此，研究人员计划密切观察该地区的其他猩猩，看看这种行为是否会重复出现。)”可知，研究人员计划找出更多的证据。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Scientists wrking in Indnesia have bserved an rangutan (猩猩) intentinally treating a wund n his face with a medical plant, the first time this behaviur has been dcumented. (在印度尼西亚工作的科学家观察到一只猩猩故意用一种药用植物治疗自己脸上的伤口，这是首次记录到这种行为。)”可知，文章主要讲述了科学家在印度尼西亚观察到一只雄性猩猩Rakus用具有药用价值的植物有意治疗面部伤口，并探讨了这种行为的可能来源及意义。可知，D选项“Orangutan Uses Plant t Deal with Injury (猩猩用植物治疗伤口)”最符合文章标题。故选D。
Passage 7
（四川省广安市2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题）I always admired my grandmther Jenny’s gardening skills. But it wasn’t until a sunny afternn in her backyard that I became interested in gardening myself. We were there t grw tmates. She handed me a tiny seedling (幼苗) and shared stries f her wn grandmther ding the same. It’s a family traditin!
Over time, the tiny seedling had grwn int a large tmat plant with many juicy red tmates. 1 We spent hurs in her kitchen making delicius hmemade sauce ut f them. Just the smell alne brught back s many memries.
My time in the garden with my grandma shwed me that gardening is mre than just a hbby. 2 The garden became smething we bth lved, bringing us clser tgether and creating a strng bnd.
If the garden is yur favrite place, cnsider inviting ther family members t jin yu in the dirt. It’s a great way f bnding with peple. 3 It has its tugh mments, but the gd thing is that every setback teaches us t be strng.
Gardening is my persnal therapist (治疗师). 4 Gardening has taught me patience, resilience, and the beauty f life’s cycles. It’s given me a sense f purpse and the jy f caring fr smething frm seed t flwer. In the garden, I’ve fund cmfrt during difficult times and celebratin during mments f success.
5 It ffers a break frm city life. It is a chance t grw as a gardener and persn. And it brings the jy f watching life grw well under yur care.
A．I find jy and peace in it.
B．It’s a way t cnnect with ur rts.
C．The benefits f gardening are varied.
D．Gardening is like painting with nature.
E．I saw the mments as pprtunities t learn.
F．Hwever, gardening isn’t all sunshine and flwering rses.
G．Harvesting thse tmates with my grandma was a jy I wn’t frget.
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．F 4．A 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与祖母一起种植番茄，并从中领悟到园艺的意义和乐趣，以及园艺对个人成长和心灵的治愈作用。
1．由上文“Over time, the tiny seedling had grwn int a large tmat plant with many juicy red tmates. (随着时间的推移，这棵小幼苗长成了一棵结满多汁红色番茄的大番茄植株)”及下文“We spent hurs in her kitchen making delicius hmemade sauce ut f them. Just the smell alne brught back s many memries. (我们在她的厨房里花了几个小时用它们做美味的自制酱汁。光是这味道就勾起了许多回忆)”可知，这里描述了作者和祖母一起收获番茄并制作酱汁的快乐情景，G选项“Harvesting thse tmates with my grandma was a jy I wn’t frget. (和祖母一起收获那些番茄是我永远不会忘记的快乐)”能够承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
2．由上文“My time in the garden with my grandma shwed me that gardening is mre than just a hbby. (我和祖母在花园里的时光让我明白，园艺不仅仅是一种爱好)”及下文“The garden became smething we bth lved, bringing us clser tgether and creating a strng bnd. (花园成了我们俩都喜爱的东西，拉近了我们的距离，建立了牢固的联系)”可知，本空应进一步阐述园艺的意义——让人们产生联系，B选项“It’s a way t cnnect with ur rts. (这是一种与我们的根源联系的方式)”能够承接上文，说明园艺不仅是一种爱好，更是一种与根源联系的方式，同时引出下文，说明园艺如何拉近了作者和祖母的距离，符合题意。故选B。
3．由上文“If the garden is yur favrite place, cnsider inviting ther family members t jin yu in the dirt. It’s a great way f bnding with peple. (如果花园是你最喜欢的地方，考虑邀请其他家庭成员和你一起在泥土里玩耍。这是与人建立联系的好方法)”及下文“It has its tugh mments, but the gd thing is that every setback teaches us t be strng. (它有艰难的时刻，但好处是每一次挫折都教会我们要坚强)”可知，本空应转折描述园艺并非总是轻松愉快的，F选项“Hwever, gardening isn’t all sunshine and flwering rses. (然而，园艺并不全是阳光和盛开的玫瑰)”能够承接上文，说明园艺并非只有美好，同时引出下文，说明园艺也有挑战，符合题意。故选F。
4．由上文“Gardening is my persnal therapist (治疗师). (园艺是我的私人治疗师)”及下文“Gardening has taught me patience, resilience, and the beauty f life’s cycles. It’s given me a sense f purpse and the jy f caring fr smething frm seed t flwer. (园艺教会了我耐心、韧性和生命循环的美丽。它给了我一种目标感和照顾某物从种子到花朵的喜悦)”可知，本空应描述园艺对作者心灵的治愈作用，A选项“I find jy and peace in it. (我在其中找到了快乐和宁静)”能够承接上文，说明园艺是作者的治疗师，同时引出下文，说明园艺如何给作者带来快乐和宁静，以及教会作者耐心和韧性等品质，符合题意。故选A。
5．由下文“It ffers a break frm city life. It is a chance t grw as a gardener and persn. And it brings the jy f watching life grw well under yur care. (它让人们从城市生活中解脱出来。这是一个作为园丁和个人成长的机会。它带来了看着生命在你的照顾下茁壮成长的喜悦)”可知，本空应总结园艺的多种益处，C选项“The benefits f gardening are varied. (园艺的好处是多方面的)”能够概括下文，说明园艺有多种益处，符合题意。故选C。
Passage 8
（24-25高二下·河北·期末）Chrissy Lvitt and her dg Macy were in a fishing bat abut 3 kilmeters ff Lahaina n Saturday when they sptted a whale in the water.
“When the whale heard the 1 barking, it swam ver,” Lvitt recalled. “Then I 2 tk ut my phne and recrded the 3 encunter.”
In the vide, Macy is seen barking ludly as the whale 4 the bat. T their surprise, the whale raises its head t 5 the excited dg.
“Macy 6 n my bats and has becme my trusty 7 ,” said Lvitt, wh 8 her whale-watching tur business after lsing all her bats in a deadly wildfire tw mnths ag. “When Macy was still a 9 baby, it used t bark at whales frm the bat. But it had been 10 by them all its life. S Macy was very excited that day.”
Lvitt had just started a whale-watching tur business when the massive wildfire 11 mst f the neighbrhd, including all her bats and vehicles. She 12 her business again and has been setting aside 13 seats n turs fr fire survivrs, hping whale-watching will help them 14 frm the tragedy (悲剧).
Lvitt said she hpes her 15 cntinues ding well until the end f this mnth, when the whales return t Alaska.
1．A．fishB．birdC．henD．dg
2．A．immediatelyB．unwillinglyC．carelesslyD．ccasinally
3．A．dangerusB．awkwardC．happyD．bvius
4．A．leavesB．nearsC．attacksD．verturns
5．A．greetB．eatC．hugD．feed
6．A．set ffB．grew upC．fell dwnD．gave up
7．A．cachB．neighbrC．cmpaninD．emplyer
8．A．frgtB．abandnedC．neededD．rebuilt
9．A．littleB．healthyC．smartD．blind
10．A．treatedB．ignredC．targetedD．scared
11．A．missedB．surrundedC．helpedD．destryed
12．A．clsedB．checkedC．launchedD．lst
13．A．niceB．freeC．ldD．expensive
14．A．recverB．learnC．sufferD．withdraw
15．A．partnerB．familyC．businessD．cmmunity
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Chrissy Lvitt和她的狗Macy在海上偶遇鲸鱼，以及她重建观鲸旅游业务并帮助火灾幸存者的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当鲸鱼听到狗叫声时，它游了过来。A. fish鱼；B. bird鸟；C. hen母鸡；D. dg狗。根据上文“Chrissy Lvitt and her dg Macy were in a fishing bat”和下文“Macy is seen barking ludly”可知，是狗的叫声吸引了鲸鱼。故选D。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我立刻拿出手机，记录下了这次愉快的相遇。A. immediately立即；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. ccasinally偶尔。根据下文“tk ut my phne and recrded”可知，看到鲸鱼游过来，Lvitt应该是立刻拿出手机记录。故选A。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我立刻拿出手机，记录下了这次愉快的相遇。A. dangerus危险的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. happy愉快的；D. bvius明显的。根据下文“In the vide, Macy is seen barking ludly as the whale 4 the bat. T their surprise, the whale raises its head t 5 the excited dg.”可知，鲸鱼和狗的互动，这是一次愉快的相遇。故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，当鲸鱼靠近船时，Macy大声吠叫。A. leaves离开；B. nears靠近；C. attacks攻击；D. verturns推翻。根据上文“it swam ver”可知，鲸鱼听到狗叫声后游了过来，即靠近了船。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令他们惊讶的是，鲸鱼抬起头来向兴奋的狗打招呼。A. greet打招呼；B. eat吃；C. hug拥抱；D. feed喂食。根据上文“T their surprise, the whale raises its head t”和下文“the excited dg”可知，鲸鱼抬起头来应该是向狗打招呼。故选A。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“Macy在我的船上长大，已经成为我值得信赖的伙伴。”Lvitt说，Lvitt在两个月前的一场致命野火中失去了所有船只后，重建了她的观鲸旅游业务。A. set ff出发；B. grew up长大；C. fell dwn摔倒；D. gave up放弃。根据下文“n my bats and has becme my trusty”和下文“When Macy was still a 9 baby, it used t bark at whales frm the bat.”可知，Macy在船上长大。故选B。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cach教练；B. neighbr邻居；C. cmpanin伙伴；D. emplyer雇主。根据上文“Macy 6 n my bats and has becme my trusty”可知，Macy和Lvitt一起在船上，应该是她的伙伴。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意同6小题。A. frgt忘记；B. abandned抛弃；C. needed需要；D. rebuilt重建。根据下文“her whale-watching tur business after lsing all her bats in a deadly wildfire tw mnths ag”可知，Lvitt失去了所有的船只，之后应该是重建了业务。故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Macy还是个小宝宝的时候，它常常从船上对着鲸鱼吠叫。A. little小的；B. healthy健康的；C. smart聪明的；D. blind盲的。根据下文“baby”可知，这里描述的是Macy小时候的情况。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但它一生都被它们忽视了。A. treated对待；B. ignred忽视；C. targeted瞄准；D. scared吓坏。根据下文“by them all its life. S Macy was very excited that day”可知，Macy之前被鲸鱼忽视，所以那天很兴奋。故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当大规模野火摧毁了包括她所有的船只和车辆在内的大部分社区时，Lvitt刚刚开始经营观鲸旅游业务。A. missed错过；B. surrunded包围；C. helped帮助；D. destryed摧毁。根据上文“the massive wildfire”和下文“mst f the neighbrhd”可知，野火应该是摧毁了社区和Lvitt的财产。故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她再次开展了业务，并为火灾幸存者预留了免费座位，希望观鲸能帮助他们从悲剧中恢复过来。A. clsed关闭；B. checked检查；C. launched开展；D. lst失去。根据下文“her business again”可知，Lvitt在野火后重建了业务，这里应该是再次开展了业务。故选C。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nice好的；B. free免费的；C. ld旧的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据下文“seats n turs fr fire survivrs, hping whale-watching will help them 14 frm the tragedy (悲剧).”可知，Lvitt希望帮助火灾幸存者，所以应该是为他们提供免费座位。故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意同12小题。A. recver恢复；B. learn学习；C. suffer遭受；D. withdraw撤退。根据下文“frm the tragedy (悲剧)”可知，Lvitt希望观鲸能帮助火灾幸存者从悲剧中恢复过来。故选A。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lvitt说，她希望她的业务能持续到本月底，届时鲸鱼将返回阿拉斯加。A. partner伙伴；B. family家庭；C. business业务；D. cmmunity社区。根据下文“cntinues ding well until the end f this mnth, when the whales return t Alaska”可知，Lvitt在谈论她的观鲸旅游业务。故选C。
英文
词性
中文释义
拓展 / 例句
cnsume
v.
消耗；消费
The car cnsumes a lt f fuel.（这辆车很耗油 ）
migrate
v.
迁徙；迁移
Birds migrate suth in winter.（鸟类冬季往南方迁徙 ）
supply
n.
供应；补给
We need a new supply f water.（我们需要新的水源补给 ）
mating
adj.
交配的
the mating seasn（交配季节 ）
extremely
adv.
极其；非常
It's extremely cld tday.（今天非常冷 ）
pacher
n.
偷猎者
Pachers are a threat t wildlife.（偷猎者对野生动物是种威胁 ）
blck
v.
阻挡；堵塞
The rad is blcked by a tree.（路被一棵树挡住了 ）
cperate
v.
合作
We shuld cperate t slve the prblem.（我们应合作解决问题 ）
cnserve
v.
保护；保存
We need t cnserve water.（我们需要节约用水 ，也可用于保护自然资源等 ）
英文
词性
中文释义
例句 / 搭配
ccupy
v.
占据；占领
The city was ccupied by enemy frces.（这座城市被敌军占领）。
cnflicted
adj.
矛盾的；冲突的
She had a cnflicted attitude tward her career.（她对职业有矛盾的态度）。
psyche
n.
心理；心灵；精神
The stry reflects the human psyche.（这个故事反映了人类心理）。
delist
v.
从名单中除名
The cmpany was delisted frm the stck market.（这家公司被退市）。
verturn
v.
推翻；撤销；使翻转
The curt verturned the previus decisin.（法院推翻了先前的判决）。
lawsuit
n.
诉讼；法律诉讼
The cmpany faced a lawsuit fr pllutin.（这家公司因污染面临诉讼）。
precautin
n.
预防措施；警惕
Take precautins against fire.（采取防火措施）。
attractant
n.
引诱剂；吸引物
Flwers are attractants fr bees.（花是蜜蜂的吸引物）。
语篇
题型
体裁
词数
内容简介
Passage 1
阅读理解
应用文
318
文章主要介绍非洲象、猩猩和北极熊这三种动物母亲为养育幼崽所做的努力。
Passage 2
阅读理解
说明文
336
文章主要介绍了气候变化对鸟类体型和翼展的影响，以及科学家对此现象的研究和解释。
Passage 3
阅读理解
说明文
312
文章探讨了气候变化如何导致海洋动物迁徙行为的变化，特别是通过北极融冰通道在太平洋和大西洋之间出现的“动物区系交换”现象及其潜在影响。
Passage 4
阅读理解
说明文
294
文章通过实验证明噪声污染不仅间接（通过动物）还直接危害植物生长，强调其对生态系统的广泛威胁。
Passage 5
阅读理解
记叙文
485
文章主要通过讲述抖音骑行主播赵朔和他的猫悟空的故事，表达了真正的自由源于接受生活的无常。
Passage 6
阅读理解
新闻报道
339
文章主要讲述了科学家在印度尼西亚观察到一只雄性猩猩Rakus用具有药用价值的植物有意治疗面部伤口，并探讨了这种行为的可能来源及意义。
Passage 7
七选五
记叙文
263
文章主要讲述了作者与祖母一起种植番茄，并从中领悟到园艺的意义和乐趣，以及园艺对个人成长和心灵的治愈作用。
Passage 8
完形填空
记叙文
216
文章主要讲述了Chrissy Lvitt和她的狗Macy在海上偶遇鲸鱼，以及她重建观鲸旅游业务并帮助火灾幸存者的故事。