外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Times change!精品学案设计

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Times change!精品学案设计，共15页。学案主要包含了词汇清单，知识点精讲，句式清单，语法清单等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、词汇清单
二、知识点精讲
知识点1 drp in顺便造访，临时拜访
【教材原句】 The bkstre, which was a legendary fixture in the neighbrhd, was a place where anyne culd drp in and cnnect thrugh their lve f bks.这家书店固定开设在附近，享有盛名，是一个任何人都可以因为爱看书而顺便进来并与他人建立良好关系的地方。(教材P26)
【拓展】
(1) drp in n sb/at sp 顺便拜访某人/某地
(2) drp by/ver 顺便拜访
(3) drp ff 落下；不知不觉入睡；送下车，送到；减少
(4) drp ut 退学，辍学；退出，脱离
(5) drp ut f 从……中退出
(6) drp behind 落后，落伍
【经典练】单句语法填空
①In the ld days many girls in the cuntryside had t drp ut f schl.
②Her lng illness caused her t drp behind the rest f the class.
③If I d drp ff, wake me as sn as Martin arrives, wn't yu?
补全句子
④Besides, yu'd better bring sme little gifts, such as a special fd r drink frm yur cuntry. Of curse, if yu drp in n friends, it is nt necessary. 除此之外，你最好带一些小礼物，例如你家乡的特产。当然，如果你是顺路拜访朋友的话，就没有什么必要了。
知识点2 sympathy n. 同情；同情心；赞同
【教材原句】 I tried t think f sme wrds f sympathy, but I had t admit that the Rainbw Bkstre culdn't stay in business much lnger.我想要说些同情的话，却发现自己不得不承认彩虹书店的确开不下去了。(教材P26)
【拓展】
(1) have/feel (n) sympathy fr sb (不)同情某人
express/ffer sympathy 表达/表示同情
get sympathy frm sb 得到某人的同情
(2)sympathetic adj. 同情的；赞同的
be/feel sympathetic t/twards 同情……
【写作佳句】We learned a lessn frm the experience that kindness and sympathy made a big difference t ur life. 我们从这次经历中领悟到一个道理：善意与同情能给人生带来重大改变。
【经典练】单句语法填空
①Actually, they felt great sympathy fr the victims in the accident.
②My friends were very sympathetic(sympathy) when I lst my jb.
③I thught I'd gt sme sympathy frm my parents.
[链接写作] 翻译句子
④我对考试作弊被抓的学生完全不同情。
I have/feel abslutely n sympathy fr students wh are caught cheating in exams.
知识点3 take ver 夺取，占据；接替；接管
【教材原句】 The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswman wh had grwn up in the neighbrhd and wh had nw taken ver the bkstre frm Casey. 这次活动由珍妮弗·奥克利领导，她是一位售货员，从小在社区长大，现在已经从凯西手中接手了书店。(教材P27)
【拓展】
(1) take away 拿走；夺走
(2) take dwn 写下，记下；拆卸
(3) take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收容
(4) take ff 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
(5) take n 接纳；雇用；呈现；承担
(6) take up 拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续
(7) granted 认为……是理所当然的
【写作佳句】Finally, my cnsciusness tk ver. 最终，我的意识恢复了清醒。
【经典练】单句语法填空
①Yu have t learn t take dwn the key pints even thugh yu dn't take them in.
②When Mr Green retired, his sn tk ver the business frm him.
③Smartphnes nt nly take up ur valuable time, but als d great harm t ur health.
④Dn't be taken in by prducts prmising t make yu lse weight quickly.
⑤In the past few years, the village has taken n a new lk.
补全句子
⑥When a vlunteer was ill, I tk ver the task frm her. Thse American students thught highly f me.
当一个志愿者生病时，我接替了她的工作。那些美国学生对我评价很高。
知识点4 pp up 突然出现，冒出来(尤指出乎意料)
【教材原句】 I jined Casey，wh was lking up at the screen n which readers' cmments kept ppping up.在书店里我与凯西相见，他在看着屏幕上不断出现的读者评论。(教材P27)
【拓展】
(1) pp in/alng 顺便经过，顺道来访
(2) pp ff (突然)死去；(急忙)离去
(3) pp ut 突然出现
【写作佳句】Abut thirty minutes later, the message ppped up n my phne. 大约半小时后，这条消息突然出现在我手机上。
【经典练】单句语法填空
①The mderatr seems t pp up in the mst unlikely places，which ften surprises the audience.
②Since we have friends in airline, we ften pp in fr cffee when we stp at the airprt.
③I’m nly sixty, yu knw—I'm nt ging t pp ff yet!
补全句子
④The barder's eyes nearly ppped ut f his head immediately he saw what he had wn. 这个寄宿生一看到自己赢得的东西，顿时两眼瞪得大大的。
知识点5 cmpete v. 比赛；竞争
【教材原句】 Traditinal bkstres can’t cmpete with large bkstre chains.传统书店无法与大型连锁书店竞争。(教材P28)
【拓展】
(1) cmpete in... 参加……(比赛/竞争)
cmpete fr... 为……而竞争
cmpete with/against sb 与某人竞争
(2) cmpetitin n. 比赛；竞争
in cmpetitin with... 与……进行竞争
(3)cmpetitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的
cmpetitr n. 竞争者；对手
【写作佳句】The cmpetitrs frm different classes cmpeted with each ther. 来自不同班级的选手们互相角逐。
【经典练】单句语法填空
①Only qualified r invited cmpetitrs can cmpete in the final cmpetitin in Shanghai.(cmpete)
②N ne can entirely keep away frm the cmpetitive(cmpete) wrld.
③Life is like a lng race in which we cmpete with/against thers t g beynd urselves.
翻译句子
④我们将和其他排球队在比赛中竞争冠军。
We will cmpete with ther vlleyball teams fr the champinship in the cmpetitin.
知识点6 search fr寻找，搜寻
【教材原句】 Instead f replying with a simple “OK, dn’t rush”, I searched fr emjis n my phne that wuld express the same message: 我没有简单地回复“好的，不急”，而是在手机上找起能表达同样意思的表情包： (教材P32)
【拓展】
(1)in ne's search fr 寻找
in search f 寻找；搜寻；寻求
(2)search sth/sb 搜查某物/搜身
为找到……而搜查……
search fr 寻找；搜索
【写作佳句】As far as I am cncerned, searching fr and learning previus speeches by excellent cntestants are f great imprtance. 在我看来，搜寻并学习优秀选手的往届演讲至关重要。
【经典练】对比填空(search fr/in search f/search)
①Firstly, they spent mre time in search f/searching fr fd.
②I searched the rm fr the lst key, but in vain.
③Jane thught and decided t search fr sme fd.
[链接写作]一句多译
每年有许多受过良好教育的年轻人去海南岛找工作。
④Every year, many well­educated yung peple g t Hainan Island in search f jbs.(search n．)
⑤Every year, many well­educated yung peple g t Hainan Island t search fr jbs.(search v．)
知识点7 expand v．(使)扩大；增加
【教材原句】 Nw there are mre than 3,000 emjis that expand upn the way in which we cmmunicate. 如今，已有3000多个表情符号拓展了我们的交流方式。(教材P33)
【拓展】
(1)expand int 发展成；扩展到
expand n/upn 详细阐述；详述
expand ne's knwledge/hrizns 拓展知识/开阔视野
(2)expansin n. 扩大；扩张；扩展
【写作佳句】Fr example, read a variety f bks, and cnstantly expand yur reading in rder t make up fr the lack f reading. 例如，广泛阅读各类书籍，并持续拓展阅读量以弥补阅读不足。
【经典练】单句语法填空
①When yu heat a metal, it expands(expand)．
②I dn't quite understand yur explanatin. Can yu expand n/upn it?
[链接写作] 翻译句子
③我们上周五参加了一个志愿者活动，该活动开阔了我们的视野。
We tk part in a vluntary activity last Friday, which expanded ur hrizns.
知识点8 cnvincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的
【教材原句】 What supprting arguments des the authr give t make the pint cnvincing? 作者提出了哪些支持性论据来增强其观点的说服力？ (教材P35)
【拓展】
(1)cnvince v. 使信服；使相信
cnvince sb t d sth 说服某人做某事
cnvince sb f sth 使某人相信某事
(2)cnvinced adj. 确信的；深信的
be cnvinced that... 相信……
make sb cnvinced f sth 使某人相信某事
【写作佳句】This event turned ut a great success, cnvincing us that it's ur duty t aim high while ding slid wrk. 此次活动取得了圆满成功，让我们深刻认识到：既要志存高远，又要脚踏实地，这是我们应尽的职责。
【经典练】单句语法填空/补全句子
①He didn't lk cnvinced(cnvince), because her idea was nt very cnvincing(cnvince).But she finally cnvinced him t change (change) his mind.
②I managed t make him cnvinced(cnvince) f my ability t d the jb.
③I’m cnvinced that(我确信) yur advice will cntribute t ur gd perfrmance, s I sincerely hpe yu can help us.
句式升级
④Cnvinced that yur advice will cntribute t ur gd perfrmance, I sincerely hpe yu can help us.[用分词作状语升级句③]
三、句式清单
句式1 the day引导的时间状语从句
【教材原句】 The day I heard that the Rainbw Bkstre was clsing after 50 years f business，I was heartbrken.听说经营了50年的彩虹书店要停业的那天，我的心都要碎了。(教材P26)
句式分析：句中The day I heard that the Rainbw Bkstre was clsing after 50 years f business为the day引导的时间状语从句。时间名词mrning，afternn，evening，day，night，week，mnth，year与定冠词the连用可以引导时间状语从句。
【拓展】
时间状语从句的用法：
(1)when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用，主句和从句中的动作或状态可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。while引导时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。as引导时间状语从句时，常表示两个动作交替进行或同时发生，可译作“一边……一边……；随着”。
(2)表示“一……就……”的常见表达形式还有：the mment，the minute，the instant，the secnd，instantly，immediately，directly，n ，等。
(3)since(自从……)，until/till(直到……)，befre(在……之前)，after(在……之后)，by the time(到……的时候)等都可以引导时间状语从句。
(4)由time构成的名词词组：the first/last time，each/every time，next time，anytime等。
【经典练】补全句子
①The day he returned hme, his father was already dead.他回家的那一天，他父亲已经死了。
②The year he was killed in an accident, he was at the peak f his career.遇车祸身亡的那一年，他正处于职业生涯的顶峰。
句式2 现在分词短语作状语
【教材原句】 Sighing deeply, he tld me hw it was becming difficult t run an independent bkstre.他深深地叹了口气，告诉我经营一家独立书店变得有多困难。(教材P26)
句式分析：句中Sighing deeply是现在分词短语在句中作状语，表示伴随情况。
【拓展】
现在分词在句中还可作原因、目的、条件、方式、结果状语。
(1)时间性，与谓语动词同时发生，用一般式，如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式having dne。
(2)语态性，与句子主语之间是主谓关系。
(3)人称一致性，分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
【经典练】完成句子
①The ld man was sitting in the chair, listening t the classic and memrable jazz music. 这位老人正坐在椅子上，听着经典而又难忘的爵士乐。
②She travelled widely thrughut Nrth America, lecturing n wmen's rights.她在北美就妇女权利问题作巡回演讲。
四、语法清单
过去进行时的被动语态
【感知·语法规律】
1．When I hurried t the stre, I saw that the bks were already being packed int bxes. 当我赶到书店时，看见书籍已经正在被打包装箱。
2．The plan was nt being discussed when yu entered the rm. 你进房间时，（大家）并未在讨论该计划。
3．Was the huse yu bught being decrated last week? 你买的房子上周在装修吗？
4．What was being dne t the machine? 这台机器当时在接受什么处理？
【精讲·语法知识】
过去进行时的被动语态表示在过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动动作。
一、构成
1．肯定结构：主语＋was/were＋being＋dne
Cmputer was being majred by him during his cllege.他那时正在大学学计算机专业。
2．否定结构：主语＋was/were＋nt＋being＋dne
Anther bridge wasn’t being built ver the Yangtze River then. 那时长江上并没有建造另一座大桥。
3. 疑问句结构：Was/Were＋主语＋being dne...？
特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋being dne？
Was a new library being put up in their schl just then?他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？
昨天12：00前这项任务完成了吗？
What measures were being taken when the accident happened? 事故发生时正在采取什么措施？
二、基本用法
1.表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的被动动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night，last Saturday，yesterday等；或者与when，while，as引导的过去时间状语连用。
This film was being shwn at this time last night.昨晚这个时候这部电影正在放映。
He tld me that a new statin was being built last Saturday.他说上周六正在修建一个新车站。
2.过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的被动动作。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。
The man was being perated n at eight 'clck last night.昨晚八点那个人正在动手术。
3.与always，cnstantly等表示频率的副词连用，表示被动的动作和某种感情色彩。
He was fired because mistakes were always being made.他因为老在工作中犯错误而被解雇。
She was always being praised fr helping the elderly.她总是因帮助老人而受到表扬。
4.表示为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动，这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下，通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。
He said that the wedding ceremny was being held next December.他说婚礼将于明年12月举行。
【经典练】 单句语法填空/句型转换
①We left with a deep sense f unease，because we knew smething ________________ (hid) frm us.
②The park ________________ (repair) this time last mnth.Nw we can crss it.
③The campus________________ (clean) frm Mnday t Friday last week by us.
④The flwers________________ (water) by them nw.
⑤He was teaching his dg a trick then.(改为被动语态)
→ ________________________________________________.
⑥The article was being written by the little girl.(改为否定句)
→________________________________________________.
⑦The sngs were being practised thse days.(改为一般疑问句)
→________________________________________________?
⑧The advantages and disadvantages f this machine were being discussed when I went int the meeting rm.(对画线部分提问)
→________________________________?As the assignment ________________，he went n t search the Internet.
【答案】①had been discvered/fund ②hadn't been cleaned ③What had been bught ④had been signed ⑤had been flded ⑥had been invited ⑦had taken the exam ⑧had been dne
三、过去进行时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
1.都强调过去发生的事，但是过去进行时强调过程，不一定完成；一般过去时强调结果，已经完成。
A letter was written t her friend when I entered the rm last night.昨晚我进入房间时，她给朋友写了封信。(信写完了)
A letter was being written t her friend when I entered the rm last night.昨晚我进入房间时，她正在给朋友写信。(信未写完)
2.一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复进行。(短暂性动词)
She waved t me.她朝我挥了挥手。
It was quite clear the President was being given false infrmatin by thse arund him.很明显，总统身边的人在不断向他传递错误信息。
【经典练】 单句语法填空/完成句子/
①The baby ________________ (正被照顾) by his grandmther when its mther was away.
②Much prgress________________ (正被取得) in China with the help f the peple's hard wrk in the last century.
③The prfessr tld us that mre new technlgies ________________ (正被应用于) in the field f IT.
④We dn't knw what________________ (正被争论)，but we thught n agreement wuld be arrived at.
⑤He________________ (正在接受询问) by a pliceman when I arrived.
⑥The shp assistant was dismissed as she________________ (accuse)f cheating custmers.
⑦The news abut electin ________________ (bradcast) when I turned n the radi.
⑧Tm's huse ________________ (paint) when we paid a visit t him last week.
⑨The wner claimed the bat________________ (use) withut her knwledge.
⑩Mre than a dzen students in that schl ________________ (send) abrad t study medicine last year.
【答案】1.was being taken care f 2. was being made 3.were being applied 4.was being argued 5.was being questined 6.was accused 7.was being bradcast 8.was being painted 9.was being used 10.were sent
三、写作清单
【点拨·写作技巧】
关于发展变化的文章，其体裁可以是记叙文、议论文或说明文。如果是记叙文，要交代清楚时间、地点、人物、过程和结局；如果是议论文，观点要明确，要分层次给出有力的论据；如果是说明文，要把现象的特征以及因果关系等描述清楚。具体写作步骤归纳如下：
【积累·写作素材】
1. 常用短语
2. 常用语句
★精彩开头
（1）I d think letters will disappear in ur life.我坚信信件会在我们的生活中消失。
（2）The cashless sciety is cming as cash and bank­ntes will nt be in use anymre almst cmpletely.随着现金和纸币将几乎完全不再使用，无现金社会到来了。
★丰满主体
（3）Withut dubt，artificial intelligence will take the place f many jbs，which makes many prfessins at risk f disappearance.毫无疑问，人工智能将取代许多工作，这使得许多职业面临消失的危险。
（4）That's why many managers expect a change frm full­time wrk t flexible emplyment with a fcus n prductivity.这就是为什么许多管理者期望从全职工作转变为注重生产率的灵活就业。
（5）Fr ne thing，prductivity has been greatly increased by using rbts，which in turn helps prmte the ppularity f rbts.一方面，通过使用机器人生产效率得到了提高，这反过来又帮助促进了机器人的流行。
（6）Great advances in science and technlgy make it pssible fr peple t abandn the use f traditinal letters.科学技术的巨大进步使人们有可能放弃使用传统的书信。
（7）The reasn why sme deadly diseases will n lnger exist is that gene technlgy makes it pssible fr peple with genetic diseases t give birth t healthy babies.一些致命疾病将不再存在的原因是基因技术使患有基因疾病的人有可能生下健康的婴儿。
★余味结尾
（8）As far as I am cncerned，if the newspaper becmes less and less attractive，it wn't appeal t mre readers.就我而言，如果报纸越来越不吸引人，就不会吸引更多的读者。
（9）In ne wrd，letter writing will fade ut ne day.总之，书信将在未来某一天消失。
（10）Therefre，cheap cmputers，faxes and phne calls will make cmmuting t wrk a thing f the past.因此，廉价的电脑、传真和电话通信将使每天坐车上下班成为历史。
【示例·分步写作】
假如你是李华。现在你校举办一次英文演讲比赛，主题是关于你所在城市的变化。请根据以下要点，写一篇演讲稿。
内容要点:1、城市变化的简介；2、个人的感想。
注意:1、词数80-100左右；
2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3、开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
The changes f my city
Ladies and gentlemen,







Thank yu fr yur attentin!
第一步：审题谋篇
第二步：要点翻译
1. 我很荣幸能做一个关于我的城市变化的演讲。(deliver)
I’m hnred t deliver a speech n the changes f my city.
2.很明显存在着各种各样的交通工具，使得四处出行变得便利。(make)
It’s bvius that there exist a wide variety f transprtatin means, making it cnvenient t travel arund.
3.人们提升了自身素质，因为先进技术为我们提供了更多接受教育的机会。(prmte)
Peple have prmted their wn qualities because the advanced technlgy prvides us with mre access t educatin.
4.人们的环保意识让我们的生活环境正变得越来越美丽，这极大地增加了人们的幸福感。
Peple’s envirnmental awareness is making ur living surrundings mre and mre beautiful, which adds a great deal t peple’s happiness.
5.每位市民的共同努力为城市带来了如此美好的变化。
The jint effrts f every citizen have brught such wnderful changes t the city
第三步：词句升级
1．用with复合结构改写句子4
With the awareness f envirnmental prtectin being raised/strengthened, ur living surrundings is becming mre and mre beautiful, which adds a great deal t peple’s happiness.
2．用强调句改写句子5
It’s the jint effrts f every citizen that have brught such wnderful changes t the city.
第四步：连句成篇
The changes f my city
Ladies and gentlemen,
I’m hnred t deliver a speech n the changes f my city.
Initially, it’s bvius that there exist a wide variety f transprtatin means, making it cnvenient t travel arund. Mre imprtantly, peple have prmted their wn qualities because the advanced technlgy prvides us with mre access t educatin. Besides, with the awareness f envirnmental prtectin being raised/strengthened, ur living surrundings is becming mre and mre beautiful, which adds a great deal t peple’s happiness.
As far as I’m cncerned, it’s the jint effrts f every citizen that have brught such wnderful changes t the city.
Thank yu fr yur attentin.
单词
1. decade n. 十年；十年期
2. legendary adj. 大名鼎鼎的， 传奇式的
3. elderly adj. 年老的
4. sympathy n. 同情
5. bunch n. 一群，一伙
6. leadership n. 领导；领导地位
7. humble adj. 简陋的
8. cmpete v. 竞争
9. emphasise v. 强调
10. jurnalist n. 新闻工作者；新闻记者
11. era n. 时代，年代
12. refrm n. 改进；改革
13. pave v. 铺（路、地面等）
14. alngside prep. （ 与……）一起
15. initiative n. 倡议
16. slid adj. 坚实的
17. ccupatin n. 工作，职业
18. cmpnent n. 组成部分
19. categry n. 类别
20. expand v. （ 使）扩大；增加
21. emtinal adj. 情绪（上）的， 情感（上）的
22. gesture n. 手势，姿势
23. facial adj. 脸上的；面部的
24. intentin n. 意图，目的
25. adaptatin / n. 改编版
26. accessible adj. 易懂的
27. sul n. 精神
28. tendency n. 趋势
29. facilitate v. 促进；使便利
30. secndary adj. 次要的，第二位的
31. urgently adv. 紧急地；急迫地
32. cnvincing adj. 有说服力的， 使人信服的
短语
1. drp in偶然(或顺便)走访(或访问)
2. (n)drp by顺便拜访
3. wave gdbye t 向……挥手告别
4. fr gd 永久地；一劳永逸地
5. in gd hands 得力助手
6. take ver 接管；接收
7. pp up突然出现，突然弹出的东西
8. reply with 以……作答
9. search fr 寻找；搜索
10. a string f 一系列，一串
11. spread t 传到，蔓延到
熟词生义
1. run 常见义： v. 跑步 生义：v. 经营
2. chain 常见义：n. 链条 生义：n. 连锁店
3. bard 常见义：n. 木板；董事会 生义：n. 留言板
4. screen 常见义：n. 屏幕（电子设备）生义：n. 显示屏
5. campaign 常见义：n. 军事战役；政治运动 生义：n. 拯救行动
6. crprate 常见义：adj. 公司的 生义：adj. 集体的
7. character 常见义：n.角色；性格 生义：n. 文字符号
8. heart and sul 常见义：n. 全心全意（抽象概念） 生义：n. 精髓
9. pack 常见义：v. 打包 生义：v. 充满
10. language 常见义：n. 语言 生义：n. 符号系统
句型
1. make sb d sth“使某人做某事”
It made me realize that the bkstre and all that Old Casey had given t the cmmunity culd sn disappear fr gd. 这让我意识到，书店和凯西给社区带来的一切可能很快就会永远消失。
2. 现在分词短语作结果状语
It has allwed China t accmplish in just fur decades what tk Western industrialised cuntries mre than 200 years t achieve, breaking new grund in the histry f human achievement. 它使中国用了仅仅四十年的时间就取得了西方工业化国家200多年才取得的成绩，这在人类成就史上是具有开创性的。
3. “疑问词＋动词不定式”结构作宾语
Perhaps peple will ne day chse t cmmunicate in pictures, and frget hw t write prperly. 也许有一天，人们会选择用图画来交流，而忘记如何正确地书写。
语法
过去进行时的被动语态
1. with the develpment f technlgy 随着科技的发展
2. great changes have taken place 发生了巨大变化
3. during the last few years 在过去的几年里
4. d harm t envirnment 对环境有害
5. attract mre travellers 吸引更多的游客
6. take n a new lk 呈现新面貌
7. be cvered with green trees被绿树覆盖
8. t sme extent 在某种程度上
体裁
演讲稿（城市发展变化）
时态
根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时。
框架
第一段：演讲主题
第二段：三大变化（交通便利性/市民素质提升/环境改善）
第三段：归因于市民共同努力