2026版高考英语一轮总复习必备知识训练题选择性必修第一册Unit3Conservation北师大版

这是一份2026版高考英语一轮总复习必备知识训练题选择性必修第一册Unit3Conservation北师大版，共7页。试卷主要包含了 hunt vi， hrn n， species n， mass n， hatch vi， packaging n， wasteful adj， swallw vi等内容，欢迎下载使用。

When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer­causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec­machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec­machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse—like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1，600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec­machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr，” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what's happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self­repair.”
阅读自测
1．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs? C
A.He was fnd f traveling. B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He lnged t be a dctr.
2．What is the authr's purpse in mentining Fuzhu? B
A．T review Jhn's research plans. B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn's idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn's different jbs. D．T erase dubts abut Jhn's inventin.
3．What is the basis fr Jhn's wrk? A
A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse. D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
长难句分析
1．When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems.
分析：句中When引导时间状语从句，he lved t explre the wds arund his huse是主句，bserving hw nature slved prblems是现在分词短语作状语。
2．“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des.
分析：句中 Jhn gives t what he des是定语从句，其中 what he des作介词t的宾语。
(一)分类识记单词——会认
(二)分组识练短语——求实
重点单词识记
1. hunt vi.& vt.猎取，猎杀
2. hrn n.(牛，羊等头上的)角
3. species n.物种，种
4. mass n.大量
5. endangered adj.濒危的
6. hatch vi.& vt.(使)孵化
7. packaging n.包装盒(瓶，袋)，包装材料
8. wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的
9. swallw vi.& vt.吞下，咽下
10. refillable adj.可再填充的
11. cuncil n.委员会；理事会
12. cancer n.癌症
13. institute n.机构；研究院
14. billin n.十亿
15. cmmittee n.委员会
16. temple n.庙宇，寺院
17. memrial n.纪念馆；纪念碑adj.(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的
18. carve vt.雕，刻
19. scenic adj.景色优美的
20. histric adj.古老的；历史上重要的
21. thunderstrm n.雷暴
22. typhn n.台风
23. Atlantic adj.大西洋的
核心单词练通
1. item n.一项，一条
2. switch vi.& vt.转换，改变
3. wipe vt.擦；拭
4. mass adj.大量的
5. reusable adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的
6. stuck adj.卡住的，无法移动的
7. anger n.愤怒；怒气
8. essay n.论说文；散文
9. invlve vt.包含，需要
10. chemical n.化学品 adj.化学的
11. drug n.药物，药材；毒品
12. sum vt.概括，总结 n．金额，款项；总数
单词拼写
1．Security guards f my schl drm regularly give plastic (塑料制的) garbage bags.
2．There are species (物种) living in the depths f the ceans f which we still knw little.
3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Thanks t the gvernment's timely interventin, the number f peple affected by the disease has decreased (减少) by 70 percent t three hundred.
4．Children are mre likely t be affected (影响) by passive smking.
5．The nurse carried a baby wrapped (包，裹) up in a warm blanket.
6．I feel it is yu as well as yur wife that are t blame (责怪，指责) fr yur sn's bad perfrmance at schl.
7．Over the last few decades (十年), ecnmic glbalizatin has cntributed greatly t glbal grwth.
8．In respnse t the citizens' cncern, the gvernment claimed (声称) t have taken measures t attend t the increasingly serius smg in the past tw mnths.
拓展单词活用
1.cnservatin n．保护→ cnserve v.保护
2．destry vt.破坏；毁掉→ destructin n.破坏；毁掉→ destructive adj.破坏性的→ destryer n.破坏者
3．recycle vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用→ unrecyclable adj.不可回收的
4．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能→ threaten vt.威胁；危及
5．illegally adv.非法地，违法地→ illegal adj.非法的→ legally adv.合法地→ legal adj.合法的
6.hunt vi.& vt.猎取，猎杀→ hunter n.猎人
7．extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的→ extinctin n.灭绝，绝种
8．incredibly adv.非常地，极端地→ incredible adj.难以置信的；极好的
9．urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的→ urgency n.急迫，紧急→ urge v.敦促
10．unusual adj.异常的；不平常的→ unusually adv.异常地；不平常地→ usual adj.往常的
11．varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的→ vary v.不同→ varius adj.多种多样的→ variety n.种类
12．endangered adj.濒危的→ endanger vt.危及，使遭到危险→ dangerus adj.危险的→ danger n.危险
13．restre vt.(使)恢复；修复→ restratin n.(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修
14．cnsumer n．消费者→ cnsume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→ cnsumptin n.消费
15．innvative adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的→ innvate v.创新→ innvatin n.创新，革新
16．aware adj.意识到的，明白的→ awareness n.意识；认识
17．cruel adj.残忍的→ cruelty n.残忍；虐待
词形转换
1．Prmting the cnservatin (cnserve) f energy and carbn ftprint reductin is an essential part f building an eclgical civilizatin.
2．There's n snake knwn that will habitually attack human beings unless threatened (threat) with its life.
3．When I am faced with any illegal (legal) behaviur, my cnscience will nt allw me t sit there in silence.
4．Human beings have been taking t much frm nature, resulting in the extinctin (extinct) f many wild animals.
5.Our lsses are incredibly (incredible) small, viewed in the light f what has been accmplished.
6．The church, which dates back t the 17th century, is underging a cmplete restratin (restre).
7．He was ne f the mst creative and innvative (innvate) engineers f his generatin.
8．Peple destry frests and rivers fr their wn benefit.Their destructive activities are likely t cause the destructin f the earth.(destry)
9．The teacher urged that the students shuld be taught hw t take urgent actin in urgency ．(urgent)
10．There are varius gds in the supermarket, and the prices vary frm cents t dllars.The variety attracts many custmers.(vary)
11．Experts advise cnsumers nt t buy mre grceries until they've already been cnsumed ．This is called ratinal cnsumptin ．(cnsume)
12．The tiger endangered the safety f the deer, but the endangered deer dealt with the dangerus situatin smartly.Nw it is ut f danger ．(danger)
第一组
1. have a rle 起某种作用
2. d ne's part 尽自己的职责
3. die ut 消失；绝迹，灭绝
4. wipe ut 彻底毁灭
5. be t blame (对某事)负有责任
6. be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁
7. set ut 开始做某事，着手进行
8. traffic jam 交通堵塞
9. be related t 与……有关联
10. fr instance 例如
第二组
1. sum up 概括，总结
2. end up ding/with 以……而告终
3. d away with 废除；结束；去掉
4. get stuck 卡住的，无法移动的
5. stressed ut 焦虑的
6. be cmpared t 与……相比
7. sit arund/abut 闲坐，无所事事地坐着
8. due t 由于，因为
9. in shrt 总而言之
10. n the ther hand 另一方面
选词填空
1．S far n ne has cme up with cnvincing evidence f why dinsaurs died ut ， and it remains a mystery.
2．The disease threatens t wipe ut the entire ppulatin.
3．Jhn Snw suspected that water was t blame fr the disease, s he set ut t lk fr prf.
4．The cmpany's reputatin is at risk when custmers see the same prblem ver and ver again.
5．He has achieved what he set ut t d three years ag.
6．What this means is that peple wh chew t quickly end up eating t much fd because they still feel hungry.
7．My bike gt stuck in the mud.Hwever hard I tried, it wuldn't mve, nt a small bit.
8．It's back t schl, which means it's back t tests, and might als mean it's back t being majrly stressed ut ．
9．The pilt, as well as all the passengers, was lucky t survive the air crash due t his extrardinary skills.
10．Bb's lectures cvered a fairly wide range and I can't sum up what he said in a few sentences.
11．Academic success is nt nly related t intelligence but als t hard wrk and determinatin.
12．If we all d ur part ， we can make this wrld a better place.
13．On weekends, I prefer t sit arund and read a gd bk.