河南省项城市某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份河南省项城市某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版），共18页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fur Mst Amazing Cultural Wrld Heritage Sites
Acrplis f Athens
As the name suggests, ne f the mst amazing cultural wrld heritage sites Acrplis f Athens has the lcatin f Athens, Greece. It is a heritage site since 1987. The site is an ancient castle that is n a high rcky utcrp ver the city f Athens cntaining the remains f the Parthenn and ther ancient imprtant structures. It is ne f the mst famus mnument (遗迹)in Eurpe.
Rapa Nui Natinal Park
One f the mst amazing cultural wrld heritage sites, it is in the Easter Island. Yu knw it as the heritage site since 1995. These are a Mnlithic (庞大而单一的)human figures that are carvings by the Rapa Nui peple frm rck between the years 1250 and 1500. These have verly large heads three-eighths the size f the whle statue and Par which is the tallest, almst 10 meters high with 75 tnnes f weight.
Chichen Itza
Chichen Itza is a place in Mexic. It is a heritage site since 1988. One f the mst amazing cultural wrld heritage sites, Chichen Itza was a large pre-Clumbian city. It is a gift by the Maya peple. Being a majr fcal pint in the nrthern Maya lwlands fr centuries, it was ne f the largest Maya cities. Tday, Chichen Itza is ne f the mst visited archaelgical sites in Mexic. It receives arund 1.2 millin visitrs each year.
Taj Mahal
Yu will find this ne f the mst amazing cultural wrld heritage sites in Agra, India that has bagged a place in the heritage site since 1983. It is white marble mausleum (陵墓)which was built between 1632 and 1653 under the rder f the Mughal emperr Shah Jahan in memry f his belved wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
1. Hw lng has Acrplis f Athens becme a heritage site？
A. Since 1987.B. Since 1995.
C. Since 1988.D. Since 1983.
2. Which site will yu chse if yu want t see huge human figures？
A. Acrplis f Athens.B. Rapa Nui Natinal Park.
C. Chichen Itza.D. Taj Mahal.
3. Whm was Taj Mahal built in memry f？
A. The Rapa Nui peple.B. The Maya peple.
C. Shah JahanD. Mumtaz Mahal.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四个最令人惊叹的世界文化遗产。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Acrplis f Athens部分“It is a heritage site since 1987.（它从1987年变成遗址。）”可知，Acrplis f Athens从1987年变成遗址。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rapa Nui Natinal Park部分“These are a Mnlithic human figures that are carvings by the Rapa Nui peple frm rck between the years 1250 and 1500.（这些是一个庞大而单一的人像，是Rapa Nui人从1250年至1500年间从岩石中雕刻出来的。）”可知在Rapa Nui Natinal Park能看到巨大的人像。因此如果你想看到巨大的人像可以去Rapa Nui Natinal Park。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Taj Mahal 部分“It is white marble mausleum which was built between 1632 and 1653 under the rder f the Mughal emperr Shah Jahan in memry f his belved wife, Mumtaz Mahal.（这是白色大理石陵墓，建于1632年至1653年之间，由Mughal皇帝Shah Jahan下令建造，以纪念他心爱的妻子Mumtaz Mahal。）”可知Taj Mahal的建造是为了纪念Mumtaz Mahal。故选D项。
B
On a farm lived a father and a sn. The father always gt up early and read bks utside the huse. One mrning, the sn came up t his father and said, “Dad, I read bks at night but frgt mst f them the next mrning. What’s the gd f reading?” The father didn’t answer the questin. He gave his sn a basket (筐) that was used t carry cal (运煤). He said, “Get sme water frm the river with the basket and then I’ll tell yu the answer.”
The sn felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the water leaked (漏) frm the basket.
An hur later, the sn came back with nthing and tld his father it was hard t get water with the basket. The father said with a smile, “Yes, yu are right, my sn. The basket can’t carry water. But can yu see the basket is different?” The sn then fund the dirty basket became clean. The father said, “Reading is like carrying water with the basket. Althugh we can’t remember all we read, we have changed when we read.”
4. What questin des the sn ask his father?
A. I read bks at night.B. Get sme water frm the river with the basket.
C. What’s the gd f reading?D. Can yu see the basket is different?
5. What did the father ask his sn t d?
A. He asked his sn t study hard.
B. He asked his sn t change his reading habit.
C. He asked his sn t read mre nvels (小说).
D. He asked his sn t get sme water frm the river with a basket.
6. What changes des the basket have after the sn uses it t carry water?
A. It becmes clean.B. It becmes dirty.
C. It has n change.D. We have changed when we read.
7. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Parents are ur first teacher.
B. Althugh we can’t remember all we read, we have changed when we read.
C. When we have prblems, we shuld ask ur parents fr help.
D. It’s funny t carry water with a basket.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了儿子对读书意义产生疑问，父亲通过让他用筐打水，以筐变干净的道理说明读书能改变人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“One mrning, the sn came up t his father and said, “Dad, I read bks at night but frgt mst f them the next mrning. What’s the gd f reading?” (一天早上，儿子走到父亲面前说：“爸爸，我晚上看书，但第二天早上大部分都忘了。读书有什么好处？”)”可知，儿子问父亲的问题是“读书有什么好处？”。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“He gave his sn a basket (筐) that was used t carry cal (运煤). He said, “Get sme water frm the river with the basket and then I’ll tell yu the answer.” (他给了儿子一个用来运煤的筐。他说：“用筐从河里打些水来，然后我就告诉你答案。”)”可知，父亲让儿子用筐从河里打些水来。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The sn then fund the dirty basket became clean. (儿子发现脏筐变干净了)”可知，儿子发现本来脏兮兮的筐子变干净了。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Reading is like carrying water with the basket. Althugh we can’t remember all we read, we have changed when we read. (读书就像用筐打水。虽然我们记不住读过的所有内容，但我们在读书时发生了变化)”可知，文章通过父亲让儿子用筐打水的故事，告诉我们尽管我们不记得读了什么，但是我们在阅读时就已经发生了改变。故选B。
C
Chpsticks, r kuaizi, appeared ver 3,000 years ag in ancient China. They were first used fr cking and serving, nt as an eating tl. It was nt until the Ming Dynasty that chpsticks came int use fr eating. Tday, bamb and wd chpsticks are the mst ppular nes in Chinese hmes.
Chinese chpsticks are usually abut 26 centimeters lng and 1.2 centimeters wide. It is believed that chpsticks shuld be part f a girl’s dwny (嫁妆) because the sund f kuaizi is like that f the wrds fr “sn” and “sn”. It’s still a ppular gd wish in China.
Accrding t mdern science, the lng-term use f chpsticks makes ne’s fingers mve quickly. That is gd fr peple’s health. The culture f using chpsticks has spread t many ther Asian cuntries. In Japan, peple celebrate August 4 as Chpsticks Day every year.
There are rules t fllw when using chpsticks. Chinese peple dn’t usually beat their bwls r pint at thers with chpsticks. In mst cases, they wn’t start eating until the elderly mve chpsticks, and they will put chpsticks dwn gently after they finish eating.
As an ld saying ges, “A chpstick can be brken easily. Ten pairs f chpsticks held tgether are hard t break.” Fr thusands f years, Chinese peple have lved chpsticks nt nly because they are easy t use but als because they shw the spirit (精神) f the Chinese peple.
8. What can we learn abut chpsticks in Paragraph 1?
A. Peple usually make chpsticks ut f plastics.
B. Peple first used chpsticks as a cking tl.
C. Chpsticks were used fr eating 3,000 years ag.
D. Few peple culd use chpsticks in ancient China.
9. Why is the use f chpsticks gd fr ur health?
A. Because they make eating easier.B. Because they have a magical pwer.
C. Because they practice peple’s fingers.D. Because they are made ut f mdern science.
10. Which is the right way t use chpsticks?
A. Put chpsticks dwn gently.B. Beat the bwl with chpsticks.
C. Use chpsticks t pint at thers.D. Mve chpsticks befre the elderly.
11. Which part f the newspaper is the article prbably frm?
A. ScienceB. HealthC. FashinD. Culture
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了筷子的历史、长度寓意、对健康的益处、使用礼仪及所体现的中华民族精神。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They were first used fr cking and serving, nt as an eating tl. (它们最初被用于烹饪和上菜，而不是作为进食工具)”可知，人们最初使用筷子是将其作为烹饪工具。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Accrding t mdern science, the lng-term use f chpsticks makes ne’s fingers mve quickly. That is gd fr peple’s health. (根据现代科学，长期使用筷子能使人的手指快速移动。这对人们的健康有好处)”可知，使用筷子可以让手指快速移动，因此对我们的健康有好处。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In mst cases, they wn’t start eating until the elderly mve chpsticks, and they will put chpsticks dwn gently after they finish eating. (在大多数情况下，他们要等老人动筷子后才开始吃饭，吃完饭后会轻轻放下筷子)”可知，吃完饭后把筷子轻轻放下是使用筷子的正确方法。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Chpsticks, r kuaizi, appeared ver 3,000 years ag in ancient China. They were first used fr cking and serving, nt as an eating tl. It was nt until the Ming Dynasty that chpsticks came int use fr eating. Tday, bamb and wd chpsticks are the mst ppular nes in Chinese hmes.(Chpsticks，或称筷子，出现在3000多年前的中国古代。它们最初被用来做饭和上菜，而不是作为一种食用工具。直到明朝，筷子才被用来吃饭。如今，竹筷和木筷是中国家庭中最流行的筷子)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国筷子的历史和蕴含的文化精神，由此可推测文章可能来自报纸的文化版块。故选D。
D
A study by Zhengzhu University fund that 65% f sparrws (麻雀) in cities nw use plastic waste t build nests. The research team first cllectin frm 15 parks acrss Henan Prvince. Researchers studied 200 bird nests in 10 cities fr three years, recrding materials used each seasn. They discvered that birds cllect plastic bags, bttle caps and even face masks, replacing natural materials like twigs (细枝) and leaves. Over 80% f plastic came frm fd packaging.
Why d birds make this change? Dr. Wang, the team leader, explains, “Plastic is light and lasts lnger. In ur survey, each bird needs 20~30 twigs daily, but cities nly prvide 10~15.” Hwever, this adaptatin brings danger. Lab tests shw plastic materials make nests htter by 3~5℃. Eggs in plastic nests had 18% lwer survival rate (生存率).
T prve this, scientists built tw types f nests: ne with plastic and the ther with natural materials. They placed them in a cntrlled lab envirnment. Special tls checked temperatures every 30 minutes. The plastic nests reached 38℃ at nn, while natural nests stayed at 33℃. The experiment was repeated 50 times with the same results.
During the experiment, researchers nticed an interesting pattern. Abut 30% f sparrws mixed plastic with plants. These “half-plastic” nests were 2℃ cler than full-plastic nes. This suggests birds might be learning t balance cnvenience and safety.
Scientists suggest prviding clean twigs in parks. In Luyang Wangcheng Park, wrkers put fresh branches near lakes twice a week. After six mnths, plastic nests drpped by 40%. Students als made 500 artificial (人工的) twigs frm rice straw (稻秆). These small actins help create safer hmes fr wildlife.
12. Hw des the writer lead int the tpic?
A. By asking a questin.B. By presenting a research result.
C. By telling a stry.D. By making a cmparisn.
13. What did scientists d t cmpare plastic and natural nests?
A. They fllwed sparrws fr three years.
B. They built tw types f nests and checked temperatures with special tls.
C. They cllected 200 plastic bttles in cities.
D. They surveyed tree numbers in 10 parks.
14. What des the underlined wrd “adaptatin” mean in the text?
A. 竞争B. 保护C. 适应D. 破坏
15. Which paragraph answers the questin “What slutin is suggested?”
A. Paragraph 2.B. Paragraph 3.C. Paragraph 4.D. Paragraph 5.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了郑州大学的一项研究发现，城市中65%的麻雀用塑料垃圾筑巢，阐述了麻雀用塑料筑巢的原因、塑料巢带来的危害，科学家为此做的实验，以及提出的解决办法，如在公园提供干净细枝等。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A study by Zhengzhu University fund that 65% f sparrws (麻雀) in cities nw use plastic waste t build nests. (郑州大学的一项研究发现，城市中65%的麻雀现在使用塑料垃圾筑巢)”可知，作者开篇通过呈现一项研究结果引出话题。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“T prve this, scientists built tw types f nests: ne with plastic and the ther with natural materials. They placed them in a cntrlled lab envirnment. Special tls checked temperatures every 30 minutes. (为了证明这一点，科学家们建造了两种类型的巢穴：一种是用塑料，另一种是用天然材料。他们把它们放在可控的实验室环境中。特殊工具每30分钟检查一次温度)”可知，科学家建造两种鸟巢并用特殊工具检测温度来对比塑料巢和天然巢。故选B。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Why d birds make this change? Dr. Wang, the team leader, explains, “Plastic is light and lasts lnger. In ur survey, each bird needs 20~30 twigs daily, but cities nly prvide 10~15.” (为什么鸟类会做出这种改变？团队负责人王博士解释说：“塑料很轻，而且更耐用。在我们的调查中，每只鸟每天需要20~30根细枝，但城市只提供10~15根。”)”以及“Hwever, this adaptatin brings danger. (然而，这种adaptatin带来了危险)”可知，麻雀因城市细枝供应不足等原因开始用塑料筑巢，这种行为是对环境变化的一种适应，结合语境可知“adaptatin”意思是“适应”。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Scientists suggest prviding clean twigs in parks. (科学家建议在公园里提供干净的细枝)”以及后文提到的在洛阳王城公园采取的措施和学生们制作的人工细枝可知，第五段提出了应对麻雀用塑料筑巢问题的解决办法，回答了“提出了什么解决方案？”这个问题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Living in a city, ne ften sees a grup f runners. As they pass by, they shw a sense f health and well-being. These grups f runners are ften part f a lcal running club. Jining such a grup club is great fr thse wh like jgging, lve utdr sprts, and want a fitness challenge. ____16____
Feel encuraged
Yu may think running clubs are fr prfessinal players. ____17____ Yu will find thers wh run at yur pace and will sn feel encuraged t run a little further r faster. If yu are a beginner, being part f a running club may inspire yu t lve the sprt.
Becme mre respnsible
When ne runs alne, it can be harder t g ut f the dr and nt the pavement. ____18____ Yur running friends will be lking frward t seeing yu and will miss yu if yu d nt shw up.
Be scial
When yu are part f a club, yu can make new friends wh share the same passin. This ffers a sense f belnging. And after a while, these new friends feel like a warm family and can becme lifelng friends. ____19____ If ne is taking n smething new r challenging, it is best t have lts f warm supprt alng the way.
Feel safe
____20____ When running alne at night, ne may trip r fall due t the darkness. Peple are there fr supprt when meeting an accident. Being with a grup at night may als help ne feel mre secure and safe.
A. Becme a better runner.
B. After all, humans are scial.
C. Being part f a grup pushes yu t shw up.
D. The benefits f running club membership are bvius.
E. In fact, mst clubs have members f different running levels.
F. When yu are part f a grup, it is easier fr drivers t see runners.
G. Here are sme reasns t inspire yu t jin that grup f runners!
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. F
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了加入跑步俱乐部的好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Jining such a grup club is great fr thse wh like jgging, lve utdr sprts, and want a fitness challenge. (加入这样的团体俱乐部对于喜欢慢跑、热爱户外运动和想要接受健身挑战的人来说是极好的。)”可知，对于那些喜欢慢跑、喜欢户外运动、想要挑战健身的人来说，加入这样的团体俱乐部是件好事。下文具体介绍了有哪些好处。故选项G“以下是一些激励你加入这群跑步者的理由”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Yu may think running clubs are fr prfessinal players. (你可能认为跑步俱乐部是专门为职业运动员服务的。)”可知，你可能认为跑步俱乐部是专门为职业运动员服务的，选项E“事实上大多数俱乐部都有不同级别的会员”与上文构成转折关系，上文prfessinal players对应选项中members f different running levels。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“When ne runs alne, it can be harder t g ut f the dr and nt the pavement. (当一个人独自奔跑时，有时很难走出门跑步。)”可知，当一个人独自奔跑时，有时很难走出门跑步，选项C“成为团队的一员会促使你出现”承接上文，讲明加入跑步俱乐部的好处。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“And after a while, these new friends feel like a warm family and can becme lifelng friends. (过了一段时间，这些新朋友感觉就像一个温暖的家庭，并可能成为终身的朋友。)”可知，当你加入俱乐部时，你可以结交到志同道合的新朋友，这提供了一种归属感，过一段时间，这些新朋友感觉就像一个温暖的家庭，可以成为终身的朋友，选项B“毕竟，人类是社会性的”承接上文，符合语境。选项B中“scial”和本段小标题为原词复现。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题“Feel safe (感到安全)”可知，加入跑步俱乐部有安全感，故选项F“作为一个团队的一部分，路上的司机更容易看到跑步者”与本段主题一致，表明一起跑步更安全。故选F项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, a farmer’s dnkey had an unlucky accident. It fell int an unwanted well (井). The pr animal cried fr hurs and the farmer tried many ___21___ t slve it. Hwever, the well was s ___22___ that he failed ver and ver again. After thinking fr a while, he ___23___ t give up because the dnkey was t ld and the well needed t be cvered up anyway. S he thught it just wasn’t wrth it t try t ___24___ the dnkey.
Then he invited all his neighbrs t cme ver and help him. They each tk a shvel (铁铲) and began t shvel dirt int the well. When the dnkey realized ___25___ was happening, it cried and shuted at first. Then, a few shvel-fulls later, he ___26___ calmed dwn.
When the farmer lked dwn int the ___27___ carefully, he was really ___28___ by what he saw. With every shvel-full f dirt that hit the whle back f the dnkey, the dnkey wuld shake it ff and take a step ___29___ n the new layer (层) f dirt. ____30____ the farmer and neighbrs cntinued t shvel dirt n tp f the animal, he wuld shake it ff and take a step up again. Pretty sn, t the great surprise f everyne, the dnkey stepped up ver the edge (边缘) f the well and ____31____ gt ut!
Life is just like this, it is ging t shvel dirt n yu, all kinds f dirt. The key pint f getting ut f the well is t stp ____32____. Yu shuld shake the dirt ff instead f letting it cver yu up. Each ne f ur prblems is a value ____33____ fr feet. It can help yu g ____34____ and higher. We can get ut f the deepest wells just by nt stpping, never ____35____! Shake it ff and take a step up!
21. A. interestsB. purpsesC. waysD. traditins
22. A. farB. deepC. lwD. sft
23. A. decidedB. frgtC. cmparedD. attended
24. A. trainB. avidC. lckD. save
25. A. whatB. whenC. whyD. hw
26. A. badlyB. nrmallyC. graduallyD. nisily
27. A. wellB. hleC. waterD. river
28. A. shckedB. cntrlledC. managedD. praised
29. A. dwnB. upC. behindD. belw
30. A. UnlessB. UntilC. BefreD. As
31. A. happilyB. ludlyC. brightlyD. angrily
32. A. thrwingB. sweepingC. cryingD. frgetting
33. A. deskB. tthC. pictureD. stne
34. A. shrterB. sadderC. quieterD. farther
35. A. taking upB. giving upC. dressing upD. picking up
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了驴子落井后借抖落泥土攀升脱困的故事，说明面对困境要抖落“泥土”、不断向上，永不放弃就能走出困境。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：可怜的动物哭了好几个小时，农夫尝试了许多方法来解决问题。A. interests兴趣；B. purpses目的；C. ways方法；D. traditins传统。根据前文“The pr animal cried fr hurs and the farmer tried many”以及下文“t slve it.”可知，农夫尝试了很多方法来解决问题。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这口井太深了，他一次又一次地失败了。A. far远的；B. deep深的；C. lw低的；D. sft软的。根据后文“that he failed ver and ver again”以及常识可知，驴没办法从井里出来，所以井是很深的。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：思考了一会儿后，他决定放弃，因为驴太老了，而且无论如何这口井也需要被填上。A. decided决定；B. frgt忘记；C. cmpared比较；D. attended参加。根据后文“t give up because the dnkey was t ld and the well needed t be cvered up anyway”以及语境可知，农夫思考后决定放弃。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他认为尝试去救这头驴是不值得的。A. train训练；B. avid避免；C. lck锁；D. save救。根据前文“t give up because the dnkey was t ld and the well needed t be cvered up anyway”可知，农夫决定放弃，认为救驴是不值得的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：当驴意识到发生了什么时，它一开始又哭又喊。A. what什么；B. when何时；C. why为什么；D. hw如何。根据后文“was happening, it cried and shuted at first.”可知，此处表示驴意识到发生了什么，空处应用what引导宾语从句。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，铲了几铲之后，它逐渐平静下来。A. badly严重地；B. nrmally正常地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. nisily吵闹地。根据后文“calmed dwn”以及“With every shvel-full f dirt that hit the whle back f the dnkey, the dnkey wuld shake it ff and take a step ___9___ n the new layer (层) f dirt.”可知，驴想出了办法，逐渐平静下来。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当农夫仔细地往井里看时，他真的被他所看到的震惊了。A. well井；B. hle洞；C. water水；D. river河。根据前文“One day, a farmer’s dnkey had an unlucky accident. It fell int an unwanted well”可知，驴掉进了井里，所以此处是农夫往井里看。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当农夫仔细地往井里看时，他真的被他所看到的震惊了。A. shcked震惊；B. cntrlled控制；C. managed管理；D. praised赞美。根据后文“With every shvel-full f dirt that hit the whle back f the dnkey, the dnkey wuld shake it ff and take a step ___9___ n the new layer (层) f dirt.”以及语境可知，农夫原本认为无法拯救驴了，所以看到驴的行为会感到震惊。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：每一铲泥土落在驴的整个背上时，驴都会把它抖掉，然后在新的一层泥土上向上迈一步。A. dwn向下；B. up向上；C. behind在后面；D. belw在下面。根据后文“n the new layer f dirt”以及“take a step up again”可知，驴在新的一层泥土上向上迈一步。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当农夫和邻居们继续往动物身上铲土时，它会把土抖掉，然后再向上迈一步。A. Unless除非；B. Until直到；C. Befre在……之前；D. As当……时候。根据下文“the farmer and neighbrs cntinued t shvel dirt n tp f the animal”可知，此处表示当农夫和邻居们继续往驴身上铲土时，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用as。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，令所有人惊讶的是，驴子迈过了井边，高兴地跳了出来！A. happily快乐地；B. ludly大声地；C. brightly明亮地；D. angrily愤怒地。根据上文“t the great surprise f everyne, the dnkey stepped up ver the edge f the well and”可知，驴成功出了井，应该是高兴地跳出来。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：走出困境的关键是停止哭泣。A. thrwing扔；B. sweeping打扫；C. crying哭泣；D. frgetting忘记。根据上文“The pr animal cried fr hurs”以及后文“Yu shuld shake the dirt ff instead f letting it cver yu up”可知，驴一开始又哭又叫，此处表示走出困境的关键是停止哭泣。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们遇到的每一个问题都是垫脚石。A. desk桌子；B. tth牙齿；C. picture图片；D. stne石头。根据后文“fr feet. It can help yu g ___14___ and higher.”以及常识可知，此处将问题比作垫脚石。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它可以帮助你走得更远、更高。A. shrter更短的；B. sadder更悲伤的；C. quieter更安静的；D. farther更远的。根据上文“Each ne f ur prblems is a stepping”以及后文“and higher”可知，问题可以帮助我们走得更远、更高。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：只要不停下，永不放弃，我们就能走出最深的井！A. taking up占据；B. giving up放弃；C. dressing up打扮；D. picking up捡起。根据上文“We can get ut f the deepest wells just by nt stpping, never”可知，只要不停下，永不放弃，就能走出最深的井。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xu Xiake was knwn in China as a great explrer, gegrapher and travel writer. Brn ____36____ 1587, he lved reading bks abut gegraphy and nature, and wished t see the natural wnders f the cuntry.
Xu started t travel at age f 22. As well as explring famus muntains and rivers, he went t places ____37____ had never been visited befre. His first jurneys lasted nly a few ____38____ (mnth), s that he culd return hme regularly. But by 1639, abut tw years befre his ____39____ (die), Xu had been travelling fr years at a time, cvering almst half f mdern China.
Xu travelled n ft and shwed great curage during his jurneys. Despite difficulties, his curisity abut the natural wrld kept him ging.
Xu wrte abut his discveries in his travel diaries, which are the ____40____ (early) recrds f landscapes (风景) in suthern China. Xu’s wn experiences allwed him ____41____ (crrect) several mistakes in earlier bks. One f his mst imprtant discveries was that the Jinsha River was ____42____ true surce f the Yangtze river.
At ver 600,000 wrds, Xu’s diaries ____43____ (cnsider) as ne f the greatest wrks in bth ____44____ (science) and literary (文学的) fields. Translated int mdern Chinese, it is amazing t hear the vice f Xu Xiake ____45____ (speak) t us acrss the centuries abut his adventures.
【答案】36. in 37. which##that 38. mnths 39. death 40. earliest
41. t crrect 42. the 43. are cnsidered 44. scientific 45. speaking
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徐霞客的经历和贡献。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：他出生于1587 年，喜爱阅读有关地理和自然的书籍，并希望见识国家的自然奇观。在年份前用介词“in”，故填in。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：除了探索著名的山川河流，他还去了一些从未有人涉足的地方。此句为定语从句，先行词是“places”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用“which” 或“that”引导，故填which/that。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他最初的旅行只持续几个月，这样他就能定期回家。“a few”后接可数名词复数，“mnth”的复数形式是“mnths”，故填mnths。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：但到 1639 年，也就是他去世前大约两年，徐霞客一次旅行就是数年，足迹几乎遍布现代中国的一半地区。“befre”后接名词，“die”的名词形式是“death”，故填death。
【40题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：徐霞客在他的旅行日记中记录了他的发现，这些日记是中国南方地区最早的地貌记录。根据语境，这里表示“最早的”，用形容词最高级，“early”的最高级是 “earliest”，故填earliest。
【41题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：徐霞客自身的经历使他能够纠正早期书籍中的一些错误。“allw sb. t d sth.”是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故填t crrect。
【42题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：他最重要的发现之一是金沙江是长江的真正源头。“the true surce”表示 “真正的源头”，这里用定冠词the表特指，故填the。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：徐霞客的日记篇幅超过 60 万字，被认为是科学和文学领域最伟大的作品之一。“diaries”与“cnsider”之间是被动关系，即日记被认为……，描述一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“diaries”是复数，be动词用are，故填are cnsidered。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：徐霞客的日记篇幅超过 60 万字，被认为是科学和文学领域最伟大的作品之一。这里修饰名词“fields”，用形容词，“science”的形容词形式是“scientific”，意为 “科学的”，故填scientific。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：翻译成现代汉语后，听到徐霞客跨越几个世纪向我们讲述他的冒险经历的声音，真是令人惊叹。“hear sb. ding sth.”表示“听到某人正在做某事”，这里用现在分词“speaking”作宾语补足语，强调动作正在进行，故填speaking。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你校即将开设英语角，校英文报现面向全体学生征集建议。请你写一封信，内容包括：
1. 提供建议(如时间、地点、主题等)；
2. 表达期待。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Editr,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Editr,
Learning that an English crner will be pen in ur schl, I’m writing t give sme advice.
First f all, the English crner can be arranged every Friday in ur language lab s that we will be ffered a chance t practice ur ral English using multimedia devices. What’s mre, the theme f the English crner shuld be abut imprving ur language cmpetence, in particular, spken English, varius tpics included.
I hpe my advice is wrth taking and the first sessin will arrive n time!
Yurs sincerely,
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had many vegetable plants left ver after having planted the nes that I needed in my garden. And as I culdn’t stand t just thrw the left plants, I decided t hld a plant sale by the side f the rad. I had 30 small tmat plants fr a start as well as ther yung vegetable plants.
Within a few hurs, I had gtten back the cst f grwing the vegetables, and I culd tell that passers- by were enjying the cheap plants, s I went t lk fr mre plants frm the nes I hadn’t yet planted. In this way, the plants I sld increased a lt. Hnestly, I culd have sld twice as many, maybe the next year.
The mst exciting thing happened n the first day when I was in the kitchen writing up the price list and nticed a car back int ur driveway. I went ut t find a yung lady n her way t wrk and f curse we began t talk. She tld me that she wrked at a centre fr hmeless children. Althugh they had a garden, it was filled with a lt f wild grass. She wanted t grw sme plants t light it up. Besides, she wanted t grw green vegetables fr her children t imprve their living cnditins.
Her kindness mved me. I tld her it was a great idea. I advised her n hw t prepare the sil, hw t chse the types f vegetables, hw t water them, and hw t care fr them. I als suggested that she ask the children t help her grw vegetables. She thanked me and said that my advice was very useful t her, which increased her cnfidence in grwing vegetables well.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At the same time, I decided t try my best t make her wish cme true.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Abut six mnths later, that wman invited me t her center.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
At the same time, I decided t try my best t make her wish cme true. I tld her that I still had many left plants that she culd plant them in her garden. Hearing this, the lady felt very pleased, thanking me again and again. I cllected all the lefted plants that I had planned t sell and gave them t the lady. Then I shwed then hw t plant them step by step, the lady listening with attentin like an eager student. Half an hur later, when the lady was ready t leave, I prepared sme fertilizer that she culd use t plant the plants and gave it t her. The lady left with all the plants and fertilizer.
Abut six mnths later, that wman invited me t her center. She led me t her garden where I saw many types vegetables that grew well. With all the vegetables, the garden that used t be filled with a lt f wild grass lighted up. Then she tld me hw she planted them and watered them. Obviusly she had becme a gd gardener. She tld me that when the vegetables were harvested the hmeless children wuld have mre fresh vegetables t eat. Hearing this, I felt very prud f her. She als tld me that the children in the center learned a lt by helping grw and care fr the vegetables in the garden. I admired her fr what she had dne fr the center and the children frm the bttm f my heart.