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2022-2023学年河南省郑州市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省郑州市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年河南省郑州市高二（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Williams is a creative and cultural place.There're many opportunities to engage with world-class scholars，speakers，artists and performers.
Dance Workshop：Dunham Technique，Afro-modern Dance
Saroya Corbett，Bolin Fellow of Dance，will share her professional knowledge in Dunham Technique，an Afro-modern dance technique，with the Williams community.As a qualified instructor and life-long practitioner of Dunham Technique，Saroya will discuss the dance technique as an all-sided practice and the work of Katherine Dunham，the technique's creator.
Date：Thur.，Oct.26，2023 Venue： '62 Center for Theatre & Dance
Midweek Music
Bring a friend and enjoy our popular midday and midweek concert series.Williams student musicians value the atmosphere of Midweek Music and use it to try out something new，show off something that doesn't fit in other concert formats，or just to have some fun.Instructors are encouraged to have their students present themes together，and the impromptu（即兴的） mini-lecture can also be part of the enjoyment.
Date：Wed.，Nov.8，2023 Venue：Thompson Memorial Chapel
Zambezi Marimba（木琴） Band–Family Days Concert
The Zambezi Marimba Band features danceable and sweet marimba music from Zambia and Zimbabwe.More a joyous celebration than just a concert，the band wins over every audience with its energy.This is an event for the whole family.
Date：Sat.，Oct.28，2023 Venue：Chapin Hall
Williams Jazz Day-Noon to Night
Williams Jazz Day is a new way to present the college's active jazz scene.Fans can look forward to a number of smaller bands and a mix of soloists （独奏者），guests，and presentations.The guest group will be Sarah Hanahan Quartet – alto sax，piano，bass，drums.
Noon-2 p.m.：Two fantastic student bands are playing in Baxter Great Hall.
7：30-10：30 p.m.evening concert：Featured guest group Sarah Hanahan Quartet，student bands，and the Williams Jazz Orchestra led by director Kris Allen.
Date：Sat.，Nov.4，2023 Venue：Chapin Hall
1. Where will the Afro-modern dance technique be discussed？ ______
A. At Chapin Hall.
B. At Baxter Great Hall.
C. At '62 Center for Theatre & Dance.
D. At Thompson Memorial Chapel.
2. Which words can best describe the atmosphere of Midweek Music？ ______
A. Calm and peaceful. B. Wild and crazy.
C. Mysterious and fantastic. D. Relaxed and informal.
3. What can people do at the Family Days Concert？ ______
A. Listen to mini-lectures. B. Dance to marimba music.
C. Watch active jazz shows. D. Learn some performing skills.
B
Great painter Salvador Dali once said， "A true artist is not one who is inspired，but one who inspires others." These words perfectly describe Umapathy，an art teacher from Puducherry，who plants the seeds of creativity in his students' minds through arts and crafts.
Umapathy makes beautiful crafts out of biodegradable （可生物降解的）materials like bamboo，dried leaves，seeds，roots，branches，vegetable waste，and so on.This way，he integrates sustainability into his creations，leaving a continuing impact on his students.
While growing up，Umapathy was inspired by his father，a government school teacher and expert weaver （编织者）. "He spent most of his evenings engaging in weaving.I would observe him and eventually developed an interest in the colours，designs and the art，" recalls Umapathy.
While working at the government school，it took Umapathy some time to excite the interest of the students.He experimented with different arts and crafts using a variety of materials. "That's when a big realization struck me.Most of the students at my school weren't able to afford the materials or equipment to create craftwork.I decided to choose to take natural materials，which are available for free，" he says.
This move made the students more interested in the craft than before.With his guidance，they were convinced that they could make wonders even out of waste materials.Now the school exhibits over 300 pieces of artwork，all created by the students over the years，on its walls. "I'm only giving wings to their imagination，"says Umapathy with a smile.
The craft has also aided several students from poor families to support their financial and educational needs.The students，with the help of Umapathy，have saved their earned income for their education.Several students have pursued their studies in fine arts with the income.One such student，Tamilselvan，completed his graduation in arts and has followed the path of his master to become an art teacher.
4. Which word best describes Umapathy's craftwork？ ______
A. Cheap. B. Traditional.
C. Environment-friendly. D. Fashionable.
5. What did Umapathy usually do when he was young？ ______
A. Received art training. B. Watched his father weaving.
C. Collected natural waste. D. Learned weaving from his father.
6. Why does Umapathy choose natural materials for his students？ ______
A. They can be found everywhere.
B. They are perfect for arts and crafts.
C. They can fire students' imagination.
D. They are easily accessible at no cost.
7. What did Tamilselvan gain from Umapathy's practice？ ______
A. He made money to pursue his studies.
B. He got inspiration for his own exhibitions.
C. He achieved his dream to be an art teacher.
D. He received financial aid from an art school.
C
The Greek historian Herodotus is said to have made one of the earliest lists of Seven Wonders of the World.These were man-made structures，including the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.More recent times saw natural alternatives to these wonders of classical architecture proposed：waterfalls，mountains，canyons，reefs.Dramatic landscapes，features and wildlife，and the pleasure and excitement they offer to visitors，are basics of tourism.
As environmental consciousness has risen，attitudes to such sightseeing have changed.Yes，it is exciting to visit remote forests or spot rare species.But travelling to distant destinations is carbon-intensive（碳密集的） when flights or long road journeys are involved，and conservation can be made more difficult as well as assisted by sightseers.There is a balance to be struck，and some governments and businesses around the world try to increase the benefits while reducing the harm.Colombia，for example，recently introduced laws aimed at promoting sustainable tourism.Based on this，its economy got prosperous （繁荣的） as well as the tourism.
Most of us understand better than ever that there are costs as well as benefits associated with exploring.One of the commitments made by an environmental campaign launched last month， "The Jump"，is to "holiday local "，taking short flights once every 3 years and long flights very rarely.Fortunately，the UK's 15 national parks，86 areas of outstanding natural beauty，and countless other landscapes that are without formal status，but still beloved，mean that there is no shortage of special places for domestic nature tourists to visit，while a lot of European beauty spots are accessible by rail.
One recent survey found that Windsor Great Park and Kew have become Britain's most popular attractions.Visitor numbers at wildlife trusts are high，with waiting lists for beaver-spotting.Some companies that formerly ran foreign trips have adapted to the pandemic by taking people to watch dolphins and other marine life off British coasts instead.
As we face an environmental emergency that grows ever more dangerous，it is essential to develop appreciation for nature that surrounds us.In a small way，holiday outings to watch dragonflies，kingfishers or seals，or be surrounded by trees that are coming into leaf，could help us to focus on what matters.
8. Why are the lists of Seven Wonders mentioned？ ______
A. To bring natural wonders into focus.
B. To show changes in architectural styles.
C. To reveal the rising popularity of tourism.
D. To compare historic and modern structures.
9. What did Colombia recently do？ ______
A. It made efforts to conserve rare species.
B. It banned sightseers from going to remote forests.
C. It introduced laws to increase the income of tourism.
D. It tried to make its tourism develop healthily and stably.
10. What is the author's attitude to the goal of "The Jump"？ ______
A. Relaxed. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Optimistic.
11. What can be the best title for this passage？ ______
A. Nature tourism："travel local".
B. Discovery of European beauty spots
C. International tourism：wait before setting out.
D. Sightseeing leads to environmental emergency.
D
Across the gardens of Britain，in cities and suburbs，people are building sheds （工棚）. "We have never seen such an increase in orders，" says Paul Deary of the Garden Shed Company，whose family has been in the business for 35 years."People have gone shed crazy." The Timber Trade Federation reports that last October imports of softwood were 34% higher than a year earlier.With stocks （存货）running low，whatever wood is available is quickly sold out.
"A garden shed used to be mostly a place to store farm tools，or a place to discuss plants and drink tea when the rain fell outside，"said Michael Rand，an expert gardener.But the creative brainworker has long put it to more productive use.Roald Dahl and Dylan Thomas wrote in sheds.George Bernard Shaw had one in his garden that faced the sun.
The structures now being built are also often intended for work，although they are grander than the ones those pioneer shed-writers used.Green Retreats，which mostly builds garden offices but also garden gyms and the like，says that overall sales grew by 113% between 2021 and 2022.Larger，fancier structures with things like white walls are especially popular.
This has an important effect on cities.Urban scholars like Richard Florida and Edward Glaeser are busy trying to work out whether the rise in home-working that has occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic will continue when the virus begins to ebb.If it does，many service jobs in cities，from waiters to taxi drivers，will disappear.
Public transport systems will struggle.The value of city-centre property will drop.
The shed boom makes that outcome more likely.A white-collar worker who has tried to work from the kitchen table for the past 9 months might be keen to return to the office.A worker who has a pretty garden shed with Wi-Fi will be less so.Joel Bird who builds personalized sheds，is certain that his clients imagine a long-term change in their working habits. "They don't consider it to be temporary，"he says."They're spending too much money."
12. Why did Britain import more software softwood from abroad？ ______
A. Softwood was cheaper this year.
B. Demands for sheds were on the rise.
C. Britons prefer softwood in making sheds.
D. Softwood suppliers were fewer than before.
13. What do Paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk about？ ______
A. Famous shed-writers. B. Development of shed-offices.
C. Different functions of sheds. D. Improvement on shed-building.
14. What does the underlined word"ebb" in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ ______
A. Spread. B. Continue. C. Strike. D. Decline.
15. What may the shed boom bring about？ ______
A. Refusal of office jobs. B. Shifts in working habits.
C. poor qualities of services. D. Development of public transport.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
At Bamfield，a coastal community in British Columbia，Canada，84-year-old Louis Druehl is guiding the Kelp Express along the shore.For 51 years，the boat has taken him to Kelp Bay.There，ropes of seaweed are growing beneath the water's surface.Seaweed is Druehl's life. （1） ______ Over the years，Druehl has seen interest in seaweed rise and fall.But as climate change affects the planet，the world is turning to seaweed as a possible way to solve that. "People have discovered seaweed，" he said. "They have discovered us."
People think of forests as the best protection against climate change.（2） ______ Unlike trees，seaweed doesn't need fertilizers or fresh water.It grows faster than trees and doesn't require any land.It helps balance ocean ecosystems （生态系统）.And it absorbs carbon from the environment.
（ 3） ______ Many worry about the environmental influence of eating meat.Can seaweed farms provide enough protein for the world？Carlos Duarte，a professor of marine eco logy，thinks so. "When you look at how we are going to feed the world population by 2050 in a way that doesn't harm the environment，there is only one pathway，"he says. "Seaweed farming."（4） ______ In British Columbia，there is a long line of seaweed farmers waiting to learn from Louis Druehl.
Seaweed might fight climate change.But it isn't without its risks.If it isn't harvested，it can rot and put carbon back into the air or water.Growing too much of it can also affect the amount of light that reaches species living deeper in the water.（5） ______ Halley Froehlich，a professor at the University of California，says， "Seaweed can be a part of the solution to climate change，but it's not a perfect solution on its own."
A.But some researchers say seaweed us a better way.
B.That will be dangerous for underwater ecosystems.
C.Seaweed can also become a key global food source.
D.When the seaweed plants die，they will be burned for fuel.
E.In the past 10 years，global seaweed production has doubled.
F.He has studied，farmed，cooked it，and written a book about it.
G.Trees make a big difference to the improvement of the environment.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Around 7 years ago，I began having panic attacks.I began my journey to（1） ______ them with traditional tools，all of which were a great help. （2） ______ ， a year later treatment was no longer needed.
Frustratingly，about a year after that，I started to develop（3） ______ and began to have panic attacks once again.I tried what I knew best and went back to my previous（4） ______ ，but I was still struggling and far from feeling well again （5） ______ I got some new advice.
I loved to sing when I was young.My childhood had been（6） ______ with creativity，yet for most of my adult life it was ignored.A doctor told me that mental health issues are common among the （7） ______ minds of the world when creativity is suppressed（压制）.To regain it，I decided to get back into（8） ______ .Then I joined a group called Sound，a pop choir.Much better.I found the（9） ______ to audition （试唱）.I was amazed that I managed to（10） ______ such a risky situation and that I didn't have a panic attack.The audition itself was a win for me，never mind how I did.
I have now been a（11） ______ of the choir for 3 years.I love the community and the performances.It（12） ______ me of who I was at school.My path back then was always "Do what you love."My entire（13） ______ was full of fond memories because of that，and I was starting to build that back into my adult life.
Now，I am feeling a lot better.When I am（14） ______ ， distraction is key and singing does （15） ______ .It sends me into a state in which my body works with pure passion and joy.More importantly，I will have exercised my creativity and alleviated my anxiety.
21. A. ignore B. settle C. experience D. examine
22. A. Fortunately B. Objectively C. Particularly D. Temporarily
23. A. habits B. depression C. adaptation D. interests
24. A. suffering B. condition C. hospitals D. cures
25. A. though B. before C. since D. after
26. A. puzzled B. faced C. mixed D. filled
27. A. open B. best C. creative D. great
28. A. singing B. acting C. reading D. travelling
29. A. trick B. approach C. courage D. privilege
30. A. take over B. get through C. escape from D. figure out
31. A. trainer B. director C. member D. lover
32. A. informs B. reminds C. convinces D. warns
33. A. education B. competition C. career D. life
34. A. absorbed B. excited C. ambitious D. anxious
35. A. last B. help C. occur D. matter
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Barcodes（条形码） were initially patented by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver in the US in 1952.But it was not（1） ______ nearly two decades later，in 1971，that US engineer George Laurer perfected the technology and a move toward its commercialization began.
On April 3，1973，the standard to identify（2） ______ （ product） was agreed on by a number of large retailers （零售商） and food companies.The（3） ______ （ follow）year，on June 26 in the US state of Ohio，the first product was scanned：a pack of chewing gum that is now in the National Museum of American History in Washington.
The patch of irregular vertical lines，（4） ______ made supermarket checkouts and the globalization of retail easier，has turned 50.Anyone can scan a barcode on an item at a store and then（5） ______ （ automatic） access information about the product.The trademark beep （哔哔声） as a product is scanned is heard about 6 billion times per day across the world，（6） ______ around 70，000 items are sold each second.But its days might be（7） ______ （ number） as it faces competition from the younger QR code （二维码）.
（ 8） ______ （develop） in 1994，QR codes can hold mu ch more information and have been widely used in various fields.Even（9） ______ person selling vegetables has a QR code!
But barcodes are likely（10） ______ （ remain） in place for years to come as the world gradually changes to QR codes.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假如你校英文报正在举办主题为"To Live a Healthy School Life"的征文比赛。请用英语写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：
（1）健康的校园生活的重要性；
（2）如何拥有健康的校园生活。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
To Live a Healthy School Life ___________
38. 阅读下面材料，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
True Friendship Between Two Strangers Many organ transplants （器官移植） come from those who are blood relatives or close friends.It's rare for a person to make a living organ donation to a stranger.Not surprising when you consider the surgical risks and other potential problems.
That's what Paul Wagner thought until he read an article about Matchingdonors.org，a website that connects people who need transplants with those willing to be donors （捐赠者）.Paul grew up in a poor family and admits to making many mistakes in his youth，including using drugs. "But I always got another chance，" he said，Paul said help came when he needed it most，and because of that， "I wanted to give someone else a chance."
That someone turned out to be former opera singer Gail Tomas，who was suffering from kidney （肾） failure and badly needed a new kidney.But her hopes for a donor were so slim because of her O+blood type.Paul，also type O+，emailed Gail，offering to donate his kidney to her.He said， "It would have been wrong for me not to help." That attitude，however，was not shared by most surgeons，who refused to participate.The surgeon who agreed only did so after long interviews with Paul to be certain about his motivation.The transplant finally took place on National Donor Day.
Afraid that Gail and her family would feel tied to him merely out of appreciation，Paul made it clear to Gail that he didn't want to get to know her.But Gail insisted on making friends with him and was trying to find an opportunity to break down the barriers to their friendship.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
Then Gail's first birthday after the transplant was drawing near and she got an idea.
Paragraph 2：
Their friendship started after the birthday party.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个标题Dance Workshop：Dunham Technique，Afro-modern Dance中第二段Venue： '62 Center for Theatre & Dance（地点：62剧院舞蹈中心）可知，非洲现代舞技巧将在 62剧院舞蹈中心讨论。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二个标题Midweek Music中第一段第二、三句Williams student musicians value the atmosphere of Midweek Music and use it to try out something new，show off something that doesn't fit in other concert formats，or just to have some fun.Instructors are encouraged to have their students present themes together，and the impromptu（即兴的） mini-lecture can also be part of the enjoyment.（带上你的朋友一起欣赏我们的午间和周中系列音乐会。威廉姆斯的学生音乐家们很重视周中音乐的氛围，他们用它来尝试一些新的东西，展示一些不适合其他音乐会形式的东西，或者只是为了找点乐子。教师们被鼓励让他们的学生一起陈述主题，即兴的迷你讲座也可以成为乐趣的一部分。）可知，周中音乐会会尝试一些新的东西，安排一些即兴的迷你讲座，因此其氛围应该是"放松的，非正式的"。结合选项A.Calm and peaceful.冷静的、平和的；B.Wild and crazy.狂野的，疯狂的；C.Mysterious and fantastic.神秘的、奇妙的；D.Relaxed and informal.放松的，非正式的。分析可知，D项符合文意。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三个标题Zambezi Marimba（木琴） Band–Family Days Concert中第一段The Zambezi Marimba Band features danceable and sweet marimba music from Zambia and Zimbabwe.More a joyous celebration than just a concert，the band wins over every audience with its energy.This is an event for the whole family.（赞比西马林巴乐队的特点是来自赞比亚和津巴布韦的舞蹈和甜美的马林巴音乐。这不仅仅是一场音乐会，更是一场欢乐的庆典，乐队以其活力赢得了每一位观众。这是全家的大事。）可知，在家庭日音乐会上人们可以跟随着马林巴的音乐尽情地跳舞。结合选项A.Listen to mini-lectures.听小型讲座；B.Dance to marimba music.跟着马林巴音乐跳舞；C.Watch active jazz shows.观看活跃的爵士表演；D.Learn some performing skills.学习一些表演技巧。分析可知，B项符合文意。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Williams大学作为一个充满创意和文化的地方，提供了与世界级学者、演讲者、艺术家和表演者互动的机会。其中包括舞蹈研讨会、中午音乐会、Zambezi Marimba乐队家庭日音乐会和Williams爵士日等活动。这些活动涵盖了不同的艺术形式，为学生和社区提供了丰富多样的文化体验。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
4~7.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）观点态度题。根据文章第二段 Umapathy makes beautiful crafts out of biodegradable materials like bamboo，dried leaves，seeds，roots，branches，vegetable waste，and so on.This way，he integrates sustainability into his creations，leaving an everlasting impact on his students.（Umapathy用竹子、干树叶、种子、根、树枝、蔬菜废料等可生物降解的材料制作精美的工艺品。通过这种方式，他将可持续发展融入到他的创作中，对他的学生产生了持久的影响。）可知Umapathy的工艺是环保的。A.Cheap.便宜的；B.Traditional.传统的；C.Environment-friendly.环保的；D.Fashionable.流行的，时尚的。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段While growing up，Umapathy was inspired by his father，a government school teacher and expert weaver （编织者）. "He spent most of his evenings engaging in weaving.I would observe him and eventually developed an interest in the colours，designs and the art，" recalls Umapathy.（在成长过程中，Umapathy受到了他父亲的启发，他父亲是一名政府学校教师和纺织专家。"他晚上大部分时间都在编织。我会观察他，最终对色彩、设计和艺术产生了兴趣，"Umapathy回忆道。）可知小时候，Umapathy经常看他父亲织布，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段Most of the students at my school weren't able to afford the materials or equipment to create craftwork.I decided to opt for natural materials，which are available for free（我们学校的大多数学生都买不起制作工艺品的材料或设备。我决定选择天然材料，这是免费的）可知Umapathy之所以选择天然材料，是因为它们容易获得，而且不需要任何成本。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段The students，with the help of Umapathy，have saved their earned income for their education.Several students have pursued their studies in fine arts with the income.One such student，Tamilselvan，completed his graduation in Arts and has followed the path of his master to become an art teacher.（在Umapathy的帮助下，学生们把他们挣来的收入存起来供他们上学。几个学生用这笔收入继续学习美术。一个这样的学生，Tamilselvan，完成了艺术专业的毕业，并跟随他的老师成为了一名艺术教师。）可知Tamilselvan从Umapathy的实践中赚到了继续深造的钱。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Umapathy用竹子、干树叶、种子、根、树枝、蔬菜废料等可生物降解的材料制作精美的工艺品。通过这种方式，他将可持续发展融入到他的创作中，对他的学生产生了持久的影响。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】A、D、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段The Greek historian Herodotus is said to have made one of the earliest lists of the Seven Wonders of the World.These were man-made structures，including the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.More recent times saw natural alternatives to these wonders of classical architecture proposed：waterfalls，mountains，canyons，reefs.Dramatic landscapes，features and wildlife，and the pleasure and excitement they offer to visitors，are staples （主要部分） of tourism.（据说希腊历史学家希罗多德最早列出了世界七大奇迹之一。这些都是人造建筑，包括巴比伦空中花园。最近，人们提出了这些古典建筑奇观的自然替代品：瀑布、山脉、峡谷、街道。壮观的风景、地貌和野生动物，以及它们给游客带来的乐趣和兴奋，是旅游业的主要内容。）可知作者提到希腊历史学家是为了使自然奇观成为焦点。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段and some governments and businesses around the world try to maximise the benefits while minimising the harm.Colombia，for example，recently introduced laws aimed at promoting sustainable tourism.（世界各地的企业都试图在最大限度地减少危害的同时实现利益最大化。例如，哥伦比亚最近出台了旨在促进可持续旅游业的法律。）可知哥伦比亚努力使旅游业健康稳定发展。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据第三段Most of us understand better than ever that there are costs as well as benefits associated with exploring.One of the six pledges （誓言） proposed by an environmental campaign launched last month，The Jump，is to "holiday local"，taking short flights once every three years and long flights very rarely.（我们大多数人比以往任何时候都更清楚，探索既有成本，也有好处。上个月发起的环保运动the Jump提出的六项承诺之一是"在当地度假"，每三年乘坐一次短途航班，很少乘坐长途航班。）可知作者对the Jump的目标持乐观的态度。A.Relaxed.放松的；B.Doubtful.怀疑的；C.Critical.批评的；D.Optimistic.乐观的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文以及根据第一段The Greek historian Herodotus is said to have made one of the earliest lists of the Seven Wonders of the World.These were man-made structures，including the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.More recent times saw natural alternatives to these wonders of classical architecture proposed：waterfalls，mountains，canyons，reefs.Dramatic landscapes，features and wildlife，and the pleasure and excitement they offer to visitors，are staples （主要部分） of tourism.（据说希腊历史学家希罗多德最早列出了世界七大奇迹之一。这些都是人造建筑，包括巴比伦空中花园。最近，人们提出了这些古典建筑奇观的自然替代品：瀑布、山脉、峡谷、街道。壮观的风景、地貌和野生动物，以及它们给游客带来的乐趣和兴奋，是旅游业的主要内容。）可知本文主要介绍了为了保护环境，人们可以短途旅游或者在假期就欣赏周围的环境也是不错的。所以"A.Nature tourism：travel lightly自然旅游：轻装上阵"为最佳标题。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了旅游与环境保护之间的关系。早期的世界七大奇迹是人造建筑物，而现代人们提出了自然景观作为替代品。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Across the gardens of Britain，in cities and suburbs，people are building sheds （工棚）. "We have never seen such an increase in orders，" says Paul Deary of the Garden Shed Company，whose family has been in the business for 35 years."People have gone shed crazy." The Timber Trade Federation reports that last October imports of softwood were 34% higher than a year earlier.With stocks （存货）running low，whatever wood is available is quickly sold out.（在英国城市和郊区的花园中，人们正在建造棚屋。"我们从未见过这样的订单增长，"Garden Shed公司的Paul Deary说，他的家族从事这一行业已有35年。"人们都疯了。"木材贸易联合会报告称，去年10月的软木进口量比上年同期增长了34%。由于库存越来越少，任何可用的木材都会很快售罄。）可知，英国之所以从国外进口更多的软木材是因为人们对棚屋的需求在上升。故选 B。
（2）段落主旨题。根据第二段"A garden shed used to be mostly a place to store farm tools，or a place to discuss plants and drink tea when the rain fell outside，"said Michael Rand，an expert gardener.But the creative brainworker has long put it to more productive use.Roald Dahl and Dylan Thomas wrote in sheds.George Bernard Shaw had one in his garden that faced the sun.（园艺专家迈克尔•兰德说："花园棚屋过去主要是存放农具的地方，或者是在外面下雨时讨论植物和喝茶的地方。"但富有创造力的脑力工作者长期以来一直将其用于更有成效的用途。罗尔德•达尔和迪伦•托马斯在棚屋里写作。乔治•萧伯纳的花园里就有一个面朝太阳的。）和第三段The structures now being built are also often intended for work，although they are grander than the ones those pioneer shed-writers used.Green Retreats，which mostly builds garden offices but also garden gyms and the like，says that overall sales grew by 113% between 2021 and 2022.Larger，fancier structures with things like white walls are especially popular.（现在正在建造的建筑也经常是为了工作，尽管它们比那些先驱棚户区作家使用的更宏伟。Green Retreats主要建造花园办公室，但也建造花园健身房等。该公司表示，在2021年至2022年期间，总销售额增长了113%。带有白墙之类的更大、更华丽的建筑尤其受欢迎。）可知，这两段主要谈论棚屋的功能和用途。结合选项A.Famous shed-writers.著名的棚屋作家；B.Development of shed-offices.棚屋办公室的发展；C.Different functions of sheds.棚屋的不同功能；D.Improvement on shed-building.棚舍建设的改进。分析可知，C项符合这两段的主旨大意。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第四段第二、三句Urban scholars like Richard Florida and Edward Glaeser are busy trying to work out whether the rise in home-working that has occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic will continue when the virus begins to ebb.If it does，many service jobs in cities，from waiters to taxi drivers，will disappear.（理查德•佛罗里达和爱德华•格莱泽等城市学者正忙着弄清楚，当病毒开始消退时，COVID-19大流行期间在家工作的人数是否会继续增加。如果是这样的话，城市里从服务员到出租车司机等许多服务性工作将会消失。）可知，此处意为"病毒消退"。结合选项A.Spread.传播；B.Continue.继续；C.Strike.击中；D.Decline.下降，减少。分析可知，D项与划线词意思一致。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句Joel Bird who builds personalized sheds，is certain that his clients imagine a long-term change in their working habits. （建造个性化棚屋的乔尔•伯德确信，他的客户希望长期改变他们的工作习惯。）可知，棚户区的繁荣会带来工作习惯的转变。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国人越来越热衷于建造花园小屋的现象。花园小屋的需求量大幅增加，木材供应不足，导致价格上涨。过去花园小屋主要用于存放工具或者讨论植物的地方，但现在越来越多的人将其用作办公场所。这对城市产生了重要影响，可能导致居民继续在家工作，进而使城市中的服务行业岗位减少，公共交通系统面临困境，城市中心房地产价值下降。花园小屋的热潮使这种结果更加可能。建造个性化花园小屋的乔尔•伯德认为，他的客户们认为这种工作方式的改变是长期的，他们投入了太多的金钱。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
16~20.【答案】F、A、C、E、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文There，ropes of seaweed are growing beneath the water's surface.Seaweed is Druehl's life（在那里，水面下生长着海藻绳。海藻是Druehl的生命），可知表示"他对它进行了研究、耕种、烹饪，并写了一本关于它的书"的选项F可以承接前文海藻是Druehl的生命的话题，介绍Druehl对于海藻的研究，故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文People think of forests as the best protection against climate change（人们认为森林是抵御气候变化的最佳保护措施）；以及后句Unlike trees，seaweed doesn't need fertilizers or fresh water.It grows faster than trees and doesn't require any land.It helps balance ocean ecosystems （生态系统）.And it absorbs carbon from the environment（海藻和树木不一样一样，不需要肥料或淡水。它比树木生长得更快，不需要任何土地。它有助于平衡海洋生态系统。它吸收环境中的碳），可知表示"但一些研究人员说，给我们吃海藻是更好的方法"的选项A可以和前文构成对比，引出后文对于海藻比树木更具有优势的介绍，故选A。
（3）主题判断题。根据后文Many worry about the environmental influence of eating meat.Can seaweed farms provide enough protein for the world？Carlos Duarte，a professor of marine eco logy，thinks so. "When you look at how we are going to feed the world population by 2050 in a way that doesn't harm the environment，there is only one pathway，"he says. "Seaweed farming"（有人担心吃肉对环境的影响。海藻养殖场能为世界提供足够的蛋白质吗？海洋生态学教授卡洛斯•杜阿尔特（Carlos Duarte）是这么认为的，他说："当你审视到2050年我们将如何在不损害环境的情况下养活世界人口时，只有一条途径---海藻养殖"），可知表示"海藻也可以成为全球重要的食物来源"的选项C可以作为本段的主题---海藻也可以成为全球重要的食物来源，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据后文In British Columbia，there is a long line of seaweed farmers waiting to learn from Louis Druehl（在不列颠哥伦比亚省，有一长串海藻养殖户等着向Louis Druehl学习），可知表示"在过去的10年里，全球海藻产量翻了一番"的选项E可以引出后文很多海藻养殖户向Louis Druehl学习的话题，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文Growing too much of it can also affect the amount of light that reaches species living deeper in the water（生长过多的海藻也会影响到生活在更深水域的物种的光照量），可知表示"这对水下生态系统是危险的"的选项B可以承接前文生长过多的海藻也会影响到生活在更深水域的物种的光照量，介绍这种影响的结果，故选B。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了海藻的作用以及如果不及时收割会产生的负面的影响。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、B、D、B、D、C、A、C、B、C、B、A、D、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.ignore忽视；B.settle解决；C.experience经历；D.examine检查。句意：我开始了用传统工具解决这些问题的旅程，这些工具对我帮助很大。上文提到作者患有恐慌症，因此此处是指用传统的工具来解决这些问题。故选B。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.Fortunately幸运地；B.Objectively客观地；C.Particularly特别地；D.Temporarily暂时地。句意：幸运的是，一年后就不再需要治疗了。根据后文a year later treatment was no longer needed可知，幸运的是，一年后作者就不再需要治疗了。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.habits习惯；B.depression抑郁症，沮丧；C.adaptation适应；D.interests 兴趣。句意：令人沮丧的是，大约一年后，我开始患上抑郁症，并再次开始恐慌。根据后文and began to have panic attacks once again可知，作者再度患病，与后文恐慌症相对应的B选项"depression"最符合语境，故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.suffering遭受；B.condition状况；C.hospitals医院；D.cures治愈方法。句意：我试了我所知道的最好的方法，回到我以前的治愈方法，但是我仍然在挣扎，直到我得到一些新的建议，我才感觉好起来。此处对应到第一段中them with traditional tools ，此处指用以前传统的治愈方法来治病。故选D。
（5）考查连词及语境理解。A.though尽管；B.before直到……为止；C.since自从；D.after在……之后。句意：我试了我所知道的最好的方法，回到我以前的治愈方法，但是我仍然在挣扎，直到我得到一些新的建议，我才感觉好起来。根据下文可知，作者尝试了一些新方法，所以此处指作者一直在挣扎，感觉很不好，直到他得到一些新的建议。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.puzzled使困惑；B.faced面对；C.mixed混合；D.filled装满。句意：我的童年充满了创造力，但在我成年后的大部分时间里，它却被忽视了。结合后文with creativity可知，作者的童年充满了创造力。短语be filled with"充满"。故选D。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.open公开的；B.best最好的；C.creative创造性的；D.great伟大的。句意：一位心理医生告诉我，心理健康问题在有创造力的人中很常见，我决定重新开始唱歌。此处承接上文with creativity ，此处说明作者是个有创造力的人。故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.singing歌唱；B.acting表演；C.reading阅读；D.travelling旅行。句意：我决定重新开始唱歌。根据上文中的"I loved to sing"可知，此处指作者为了重拾自己的创造力又开始唱歌了。故选A。
（9）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.trick诡计；B.approach方法；C.courage勇气；D.privilege特权。句意：我找到了试音的勇气。结合上文Then I joined a group called Sound，a pop choir.Much better.可知，作者感觉好多了，找到了试音的勇气。故选C。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.take over接管；B.get through度过，熬过；C.escape from逃跑；D.figure out解决。句意：我很惊讶自己居然能安然度过这么危险的情况，而没有惊慌失措。根据后文such a risky situation and that I didn't have a panic attack可知作者度过（ get through ）了试音这种容易引发恐慌的情况。故选B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.trainer训练师；B.director导演；C.member成员；D.lover情人。句意：我现在已经是合唱团的成员3年了。根据上文可知，作者为了找回自己儿时的创造力加入了一个合唱团，所以此处指作者成为合唱团的成员。故选C。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.informs通知；B.reminds提醒；C.convinces使信服；D.warns警告。句意：这让我想起了我在学校的时候。根据后文me of who I was at school.可知，唱诗班表演让作者想起了自己在学校的时候。短语remind sb.of sth."使某人想起某事"。故选B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.education教育；B.competition比赛；C.career事业；D.life生活。句意：因此，我所有的教育都充满了美好的回忆，我正开始把这些美好的回忆重新融入我的成年生活。结合上文I was at school可知，作者想起了自己在学校的时候，因此可推知，此处指的是作者接受的教育都充满了美好的回忆。故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.absorbed全神贯注的；B.excited非常兴奋的；C.ambitious有雄心的；D.anxious焦虑的。句意：当我焦虑的时候，分心是关键，唱歌也有帮助。根据上文讲作者患有恐慌症可推知，此处指在作者感到焦虑的时候，分散注意力对作者很有帮助。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.last持续；B.help帮助；C.occur发生；D.matter要紧。句意：当我焦虑的时候，分心是关键，唱歌也有帮助。此处指当作者焦虑时，唱歌的确有帮助。故选B。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者深受恐慌症和抑郁症的困扰，在医生的建议下，决定重新开始以前喜欢的唱歌事业，加入了唱诗班，最后焦虑情况得到了缓解。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。
36.【答案】【小题1】until
【小题2】products
【小题3】following
【小题4】which
【小题5】automatically
【小题6】and
【小题7】numbered
【小题8】Developed
【小题9】a
【小题10】to remain
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：但直到近20年后的1971年，美国工程师乔治•劳雷尔（George Laurer）才完善了这项技术，并开始向商业化迈进。表示"直到"，引导时间状语从句，所以用介词until，故填until。
（2）考查可数名词的复数。句意：1973年4月3日，许多大型零售商和食品公司就产品识别标准达成一致。表示"产品"，product为可数名词，所以用名词复数表示泛指，故填products。
（3）考查形容词。句意：第二年的6月26日，在美国俄亥俄州，第一个产品被扫描：一包口香糖，现在在华盛顿的美国国家历史博物馆。表示"接下来的"，作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填following。
（4）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：那片不规则的垂直线，让超市结账和零售业全球化变得更容易，已经50岁了。先行词为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。
（5）考查副词。句意：任何人都可以在商店扫描商品上的条形码，然后自动获取产品信息。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填automatically。
（6）考查连词。句意：扫描产品时发出的商标声每天在全球被听到约60亿次，每秒售出约7万件商品。前后是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
（7）考查动词语态。句意：但它的日子可能不多了，因为它面临着来自年轻的二维码的竞争。number和主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词和might be构成被动语态，故填numbered。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：二维码码开发于1994年，可以保存更多的信息，已广泛应用于各个领域。develop和主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，故填Developed。
（9）考查冠词。句意：甚至卖蔬菜的人都有二维码!泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，person是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：但随着世界逐渐转向二维码，条形码可能会在未来几年继续存在。be likely to do sth."可能做某事"，为固定搭配，故填to remain。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了条形码的发展历史。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】To Live a Healthy School LifeA healthy school life can help us concentrate on our study，keep healthy and make progress each day，which contributes to our full development both in mind and body.【高分句型一】（健康的校园生活的重要性）
To live a healthy school life，we should keep some tips in mind.【高分句型二】First of all，have a balanced diet and enough sleep.They're the basis of a healthy school life.Secondly，keep a balance between study and play.Proper physical exercise makes us stronger and our learning more effective.What's more，stay positive and get ready to help others.（如何拥有健康的校园生活）
Wish you a healthy school life and a bright future!（希望）
【解析】高分句型一：A healthy school life can help us concentrate on our study，keep healthy and make progress each day，which contributes to our full development both in mind and body.
译文：健康的学校生活可以帮助我们集中精力学习，保持健康，每天进步，这有助于我们身心的全面发展。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：To live a healthy school life，we should keep some tips in mind.
译文：为了过上健康的学校生活，我们应该牢记一些建议。
分析：这句话使用了不定式内容To live a healthy school life作目的状语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Then Gail's first birthday after the transplant was drawing near and she got an idea.She called Paul and invited him to her birthday party.When he refused，she got mad. "You've given me a second life.How can you refuse to come to my birthday party？It would be meaningless without you，" she yelled at Paul.Amazingly，Gail's words worked!Paul knew she was talking to him from the bottom of her heart.So he accepted the invitation and they finally met at Gail's birthday party.（Gail通过邀请Paul参加自己的生日聚会来打破他们友谊的障碍的过程。）
Their friendship started after the birthday party.Now they meet every few weeks，sharing each other's concerns，feelings and experiences.【高分句型一】And they spare no effort to offer help whenever one of them is in trouble. "I found someone I didn't know who was willing to give the precious gift.How could I not be his friend？" said Gail. "I lost a kidney，but I gain a true friend.It's worth it，" said Paul.No doubt，it is love and great kindness that create the true friendship between the two strangers.【高分句型二】（他们的友谊是在生日聚会之后开始的）
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Paul将自己的活体器官捐赠给患有肾衰竭的陌生人Gail Tomas，Paul害怕Gail和她的家人仅仅因为感激而和他联系在一起，所以他向Gail明确表示，他不想了解她。但Gail坚持和他做朋友，并试图找到一个机会来打破他们友谊的障碍。
高分句型一：Now they meet every few weeks，sharing each other's concerns，feelings and experiences.
翻译：现在他们每隔几周见一次面，分享彼此的担忧、感受和经历。
分析：本句运用了现在分词sharing each other's concerns，feelings and experiences作状语。
高分句型二：No doubt，it is love and great kindness that create the true friendship between the two strangers.
翻译：毫无疑问，是爱和善良造就了这两个陌生人之间的真正友谊。
分析：运用了强调句"It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who/whom +句子的其余部分"。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年河南省郑州市高二（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Williams is a creative and cultural place.There're many opportunities to engage with world-class scholars，speakers，artists and performers.
Dance Workshop：Dunham Technique，Afro-modern Dance
Saroya Corbett，Bolin Fellow of Dance，will share her professional knowledge in Dunham Technique，an Afro-modern dance technique，with the Williams community.As a qualified instructor and life-long practitioner of Dunham Technique，Saroya will discuss the dance technique as an all-sided practice and the work of Katherine Dunham，the technique's creator.
Date：Thur.，Oct.26，2023 Venue： '62 Center for Theatre & Dance
Midweek Music
Bring a friend and enjoy our popular midday and midweek concert series.Williams student musicians value the atmosphere of Midweek Music and use it to try out something new，show off something that doesn't fit in other concert formats，or just to have some fun.Instructors are encouraged to have their students present themes together，and the impromptu（即兴的） mini-lecture can also be part of the enjoyment.
Date：Wed.，Nov.8，2023 Venue：Thompson Memorial Chapel
Zambezi Marimba（木琴） Band–Family Days Concert
The Zambezi Marimba Band features danceable and sweet marimba music from Zambia and Zimbabwe.More a joyous celebration than just a concert，the band wins over every audience with its energy.This is an event for the whole family.
Date：Sat.，Oct.28，2023 Venue：Chapin Hall
Williams Jazz Day-Noon to Night
Williams Jazz Day is a new way to present the college's active jazz scene.Fans can look forward to a number of smaller bands and a mix of soloists （独奏者），guests，and presentations.The guest group will be Sarah Hanahan Quartet – alto sax，piano，bass，drums.
Noon-2 p.m.：Two fantastic student bands are playing in Baxter Great Hall.
7：30-10：30 p.m.evening concert：Featured guest group Sarah Hanahan Quartet，student bands，and the Williams Jazz Orchestra led by director Kris Allen.
Date：Sat.，Nov.4，2023 Venue：Chapin Hall
1. Where will the Afro-modern dance technique be discussed？ ______
A. At Chapin Hall.
B. At Baxter Great Hall.
C. At '62 Center for Theatre & Dance.
D. At Thompson Memorial Chapel.
2. Which words can best describe the atmosphere of Midweek Music？ ______
A. Calm and peaceful. B. Wild and crazy.
C. Mysterious and fantastic. D. Relaxed and informal.
3. What can people do at the Family Days Concert？ ______
A. Listen to mini-lectures. B. Dance to marimba music.
C. Watch active jazz shows. D. Learn some performing skills.
B
Great painter Salvador Dali once said， "A true artist is not one who is inspired，but one who inspires others." These words perfectly describe Umapathy，an art teacher from Puducherry，who plants the seeds of creativity in his students' minds through arts and crafts.
Umapathy makes beautiful crafts out of biodegradable （可生物降解的）materials like bamboo，dried leaves，seeds，roots，branches，vegetable waste，and so on.This way，he integrates sustainability into his creations，leaving a continuing impact on his students.
While growing up，Umapathy was inspired by his father，a government school teacher and expert weaver （编织者）. "He spent most of his evenings engaging in weaving.I would observe him and eventually developed an interest in the colours，designs and the art，" recalls Umapathy.
While working at the government school，it took Umapathy some time to excite the interest of the students.He experimented with different arts and crafts using a variety of materials. "That's when a big realization struck me.Most of the students at my school weren't able to afford the materials or equipment to create craftwork.I decided to choose to take natural materials，which are available for free，" he says.
This move made the students more interested in the craft than before.With his guidance，they were convinced that they could make wonders even out of waste materials.Now the school exhibits over 300 pieces of artwork，all created by the students over the years，on its walls. "I'm only giving wings to their imagination，"says Umapathy with a smile.
The craft has also aided several students from poor families to support their financial and educational needs.The students，with the help of Umapathy，have saved their earned income for their education.Several students have pursued their studies in fine arts with the income.One such student，Tamilselvan，completed his graduation in arts and has followed the path of his master to become an art teacher.
4. Which word best describes Umapathy's craftwork？ ______
A. Cheap. B. Traditional.
C. Environment-friendly. D. Fashionable.
5. What did Umapathy usually do when he was young？ ______
A. Received art training. B. Watched his father weaving.
C. Collected natural waste. D. Learned weaving from his father.
6. Why does Umapathy choose natural materials for his students？ ______
A. They can be found everywhere.
B. They are perfect for arts and crafts.
C. They can fire students' imagination.
D. They are easily accessible at no cost.
7. What did Tamilselvan gain from Umapathy's practice？ ______
A. He made money to pursue his studies.
B. He got inspiration for his own exhibitions.
C. He achieved his dream to be an art teacher.
D. He received financial aid from an art school.
C
The Greek historian Herodotus is said to have made one of the earliest lists of Seven Wonders of the World.These were man-made structures，including the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.More recent times saw natural alternatives to these wonders of classical architecture proposed：waterfalls，mountains，canyons，reefs.Dramatic landscapes，features and wildlife，and the pleasure and excitement they offer to visitors，are basics of tourism.
As environmental consciousness has risen，attitudes to such sightseeing have changed.Yes，it is exciting to visit remote forests or spot rare species.But travelling to distant destinations is carbon-intensive（碳密集的） when flights or long road journeys are involved，and conservation can be made more difficult as well as assisted by sightseers.There is a balance to be struck，and some governments and businesses around the world try to increase the benefits while reducing the harm.Colombia，for example，recently introduced laws aimed at promoting sustainable tourism.Based on this，its economy got prosperous （繁荣的） as well as the tourism.
Most of us understand better than ever that there are costs as well as benefits associated with exploring.One of the commitments made by an environmental campaign launched last month， "The Jump"，is to "holiday local "，taking short flights once every 3 years and long flights very rarely.Fortunately，the UK's 15 national parks，86 areas of outstanding natural beauty，and countless other landscapes that are without formal status，but still beloved，mean that there is no shortage of special places for domestic nature tourists to visit，while a lot of European beauty spots are accessible by rail.
One recent survey found that Windsor Great Park and Kew have become Britain's most popular attractions.Visitor numbers at wildlife trusts are high，with waiting lists for beaver-spotting.Some companies that formerly ran foreign trips have adapted to the pandemic by taking people to watch dolphins and other marine life off British coasts instead.
As we face an environmental emergency that grows ever more dangerous，it is essential to develop appreciation for nature that surrounds us.In a small way，holiday outings to watch dragonflies，kingfishers or seals，or be surrounded by trees that are coming into leaf，could help us to focus on what matters.
8. Why are the lists of Seven Wonders mentioned？ ______
A. To bring natural wonders into focus.
B. To show changes in architectural styles.
C. To reveal the rising popularity of tourism.
D. To compare historic and modern structures.
9. What did Colombia recently do？ ______
A. It made efforts to conserve rare species.
B. It banned sightseers from going to remote forests.
C. It introduced laws to increase the income of tourism.
D. It tried to make its tourism develop healthily and stably.
10. What is the author's attitude to the goal of "The Jump"？ ______
A. Relaxed. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Optimistic.
11. What can be the best title for this passage？ ______
A. Nature tourism："travel local".
B. Discovery of European beauty spots
C. International tourism：wait before setting out.
D. Sightseeing leads to environmental emergency.
D
Across the gardens of Britain，in cities and suburbs，people are building sheds （工棚）. "We have never seen such an increase in orders，" says Paul Deary of the Garden Shed Company，whose family has been in the business for 35 years."People have gone shed crazy." The Timber Trade Federation reports that last October imports of softwood were 34% higher than a year earlier.With stocks （存货）running low，whatever wood is available is quickly sold out.
"A garden shed used to be mostly a place to store farm tools，or a place to discuss plants and drink tea when the rain fell outside，"said Michael Rand，an expert gardener.But the creative brainworker has long put it to more productive use.Roald Dahl and Dylan Thomas wrote in sheds.George Bernard Shaw had one in his garden that faced the sun.
The structures now being built are also often intended for work，although they are grander than the ones those pioneer shed-writers used.Green Retreats，which mostly builds garden offices but also garden gyms and the like，says that overall sales grew by 113% between 2021 and 2022.Larger，fancier structures with things like white walls are especially popular.
This has an important effect on cities.Urban scholars like Richard Florida and Edward Glaeser are busy trying to work out whether the rise in home-working that has occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic will continue when the virus begins to ebb.If it does，many service jobs in cities，from waiters to taxi drivers，will disappear.
Public transport systems will struggle.The value of city-centre property will drop.
The shed boom makes that outcome more likely.A white-collar worker who has tried to work from the kitchen table for the past 9 months might be keen to return to the office.A worker who has a pretty garden shed with Wi-Fi will be less so.Joel Bird who builds personalized sheds，is certain that his clients imagine a long-term change in their working habits. "They don't consider it to be temporary，"he says."They're spending too much money."
12. Why did Britain import more software softwood from abroad？ ______
A. Softwood was cheaper this year.
B. Demands for sheds were on the rise.
C. Britons prefer softwood in making sheds.
D. Softwood suppliers were fewer than before.
13. What do Paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk about？ ______
A. Famous shed-writers. B. Development of shed-offices.
C. Different functions of sheds. D. Improvement on shed-building.
14. What does the underlined word"ebb" in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ ______
A. Spread. B. Continue. C. Strike. D. Decline.
15. What may the shed boom bring about？ ______
A. Refusal of office jobs. B. Shifts in working habits.
C. poor qualities of services. D. Development of public transport.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
At Bamfield，a coastal community in British Columbia，Canada，84-year-old Louis Druehl is guiding the Kelp Express along the shore.For 51 years，the boat has taken him to Kelp Bay.There，ropes of seaweed are growing beneath the water's surface.Seaweed is Druehl's life. （1） ______ Over the years，Druehl has seen interest in seaweed rise and fall.But as climate change affects the planet，the world is turning to seaweed as a possible way to solve that. "People have discovered seaweed，" he said. "They have discovered us."
People think of forests as the best protection against climate change.（2） ______ Unlike trees，seaweed doesn't need fertilizers or fresh water.It grows faster than trees and doesn't require any land.It helps balance ocean ecosystems （生态系统）.And it absorbs carbon from the environment.
（ 3） ______ Many worry about the environmental influence of eating meat.Can seaweed farms provide enough protein for the world？Carlos Duarte，a professor of marine eco logy，thinks so. "When you look at how we are going to feed the world population by 2050 in a way that doesn't harm the environment，there is only one pathway，"he says. "Seaweed farming."（4） ______ In British Columbia，there is a long line of seaweed farmers waiting to learn from Louis Druehl.
Seaweed might fight climate change.But it isn't without its risks.If it isn't harvested，it can rot and put carbon back into the air or water.Growing too much of it can also affect the amount of light that reaches species living deeper in the water.（5） ______ Halley Froehlich，a professor at the University of California，says， "Seaweed can be a part of the solution to climate change，but it's not a perfect solution on its own."
A.But some researchers say seaweed us a better way.
B.That will be dangerous for underwater ecosystems.
C.Seaweed can also become a key global food source.
D.When the seaweed plants die，they will be burned for fuel.
E.In the past 10 years，global seaweed production has doubled.
F.He has studied，farmed，cooked it，and written a book about it.
G.Trees make a big difference to the improvement of the environment.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Around 7 years ago，I began having panic attacks.I began my journey to（1） ______ them with traditional tools，all of which were a great help. （2） ______ ， a year later treatment was no longer needed.
Frustratingly，about a year after that，I started to develop（3） ______ and began to have panic attacks once again.I tried what I knew best and went back to my previous（4） ______ ，but I was still struggling and far from feeling well again （5） ______ I got some new advice.
I loved to sing when I was young.My childhood had been（6） ______ with creativity，yet for most of my adult life it was ignored.A doctor told me that mental health issues are common among the （7） ______ minds of the world when creativity is suppressed（压制）.To regain it，I decided to get back into（8） ______ .Then I joined a group called Sound，a pop choir.Much better.I found the（9） ______ to audition （试唱）.I was amazed that I managed to（10） ______ such a risky situation and that I didn't have a panic attack.The audition itself was a win for me，never mind how I did.
I have now been a（11） ______ of the choir for 3 years.I love the community and the performances.It（12） ______ me of who I was at school.My path back then was always "Do what you love."My entire（13） ______ was full of fond memories because of that，and I was starting to build that back into my adult life.
Now，I am feeling a lot better.When I am（14） ______ ， distraction is key and singing does （15） ______ .It sends me into a state in which my body works with pure passion and joy.More importantly，I will have exercised my creativity and alleviated my anxiety.
21. A. ignore B. settle C. experience D. examine
22. A. Fortunately B. Objectively C. Particularly D. Temporarily
23. A. habits B. depression C. adaptation D. interests
24. A. suffering B. condition C. hospitals D. cures
25. A. though B. before C. since D. after
26. A. puzzled B. faced C. mixed D. filled
27. A. open B. best C. creative D. great
28. A. singing B. acting C. reading D. travelling
29. A. trick B. approach C. courage D. privilege
30. A. take over B. get through C. escape from D. figure out
31. A. trainer B. director C. member D. lover
32. A. informs B. reminds C. convinces D. warns
33. A. education B. competition C. career D. life
34. A. absorbed B. excited C. ambitious D. anxious
35. A. last B. help C. occur D. matter
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Barcodes（条形码） were initially patented by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver in the US in 1952.But it was not（1） ______ nearly two decades later，in 1971，that US engineer George Laurer perfected the technology and a move toward its commercialization began.
On April 3，1973，the standard to identify（2） ______ （ product） was agreed on by a number of large retailers （零售商） and food companies.The（3） ______ （ follow）year，on June 26 in the US state of Ohio，the first product was scanned：a pack of chewing gum that is now in the National Museum of American History in Washington.
The patch of irregular vertical lines，（4） ______ made supermarket checkouts and the globalization of retail easier，has turned 50.Anyone can scan a barcode on an item at a store and then（5） ______ （ automatic） access information about the product.The trademark beep （哔哔声） as a product is scanned is heard about 6 billion times per day across the world，（6） ______ around 70，000 items are sold each second.But its days might be（7） ______ （ number） as it faces competition from the younger QR code （二维码）.
（ 8） ______ （develop） in 1994，QR codes can hold mu ch more information and have been widely used in various fields.Even（9） ______ person selling vegetables has a QR code!
But barcodes are likely（10） ______ （ remain） in place for years to come as the world gradually changes to QR codes.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假如你校英文报正在举办主题为"To Live a Healthy School Life"的征文比赛。请用英语写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：
（1）健康的校园生活的重要性；
（2）如何拥有健康的校园生活。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
To Live a Healthy School Life ___________
38. 阅读下面材料，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
True Friendship Between Two Strangers Many organ transplants （器官移植） come from those who are blood relatives or close friends.It's rare for a person to make a living organ donation to a stranger.Not surprising when you consider the surgical risks and other potential problems.
That's what Paul Wagner thought until he read an article about Matchingdonors.org，a website that connects people who need transplants with those willing to be donors （捐赠者）.Paul grew up in a poor family and admits to making many mistakes in his youth，including using drugs. "But I always got another chance，" he said，Paul said help came when he needed it most，and because of that， "I wanted to give someone else a chance."
That someone turned out to be former opera singer Gail Tomas，who was suffering from kidney （肾） failure and badly needed a new kidney.But her hopes for a donor were so slim because of her O+blood type.Paul，also type O+，emailed Gail，offering to donate his kidney to her.He said， "It would have been wrong for me not to help." That attitude，however，was not shared by most surgeons，who refused to participate.The surgeon who agreed only did so after long interviews with Paul to be certain about his motivation.The transplant finally took place on National Donor Day.
Afraid that Gail and her family would feel tied to him merely out of appreciation，Paul made it clear to Gail that he didn't want to get to know her.But Gail insisted on making friends with him and was trying to find an opportunity to break down the barriers to their friendship.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
Then Gail's first birthday after the transplant was drawing near and she got an idea.
Paragraph 2：
Their friendship started after the birthday party.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个标题Dance Workshop：Dunham Technique，Afro-modern Dance中第二段Venue： '62 Center for Theatre & Dance（地点：62剧院舞蹈中心）可知，非洲现代舞技巧将在 62剧院舞蹈中心讨论。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二个标题Midweek Music中第一段第二、三句Williams student musicians value the atmosphere of Midweek Music and use it to try out something new，show off something that doesn't fit in other concert formats，or just to have some fun.Instructors are encouraged to have their students present themes together，and the impromptu（即兴的） mini-lecture can also be part of the enjoyment.（带上你的朋友一起欣赏我们的午间和周中系列音乐会。威廉姆斯的学生音乐家们很重视周中音乐的氛围，他们用它来尝试一些新的东西，展示一些不适合其他音乐会形式的东西，或者只是为了找点乐子。教师们被鼓励让他们的学生一起陈述主题，即兴的迷你讲座也可以成为乐趣的一部分。）可知，周中音乐会会尝试一些新的东西，安排一些即兴的迷你讲座，因此其氛围应该是"放松的，非正式的"。结合选项A.Calm and peaceful.冷静的、平和的；B.Wild and crazy.狂野的，疯狂的；C.Mysterious and fantastic.神秘的、奇妙的；D.Relaxed and informal.放松的，非正式的。分析可知，D项符合文意。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三个标题Zambezi Marimba（木琴） Band–Family Days Concert中第一段The Zambezi Marimba Band features danceable and sweet marimba music from Zambia and Zimbabwe.More a joyous celebration than just a concert，the band wins over every audience with its energy.This is an event for the whole family.（赞比西马林巴乐队的特点是来自赞比亚和津巴布韦的舞蹈和甜美的马林巴音乐。这不仅仅是一场音乐会，更是一场欢乐的庆典，乐队以其活力赢得了每一位观众。这是全家的大事。）可知，在家庭日音乐会上人们可以跟随着马林巴的音乐尽情地跳舞。结合选项A.Listen to mini-lectures.听小型讲座；B.Dance to marimba music.跟着马林巴音乐跳舞；C.Watch active jazz shows.观看活跃的爵士表演；D.Learn some performing skills.学习一些表演技巧。分析可知，B项符合文意。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Williams大学作为一个充满创意和文化的地方，提供了与世界级学者、演讲者、艺术家和表演者互动的机会。其中包括舞蹈研讨会、中午音乐会、Zambezi Marimba乐队家庭日音乐会和Williams爵士日等活动。这些活动涵盖了不同的艺术形式，为学生和社区提供了丰富多样的文化体验。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
4~7.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）观点态度题。根据文章第二段 Umapathy makes beautiful crafts out of biodegradable materials like bamboo，dried leaves，seeds，roots，branches，vegetable waste，and so on.This way，he integrates sustainability into his creations，leaving an everlasting impact on his students.（Umapathy用竹子、干树叶、种子、根、树枝、蔬菜废料等可生物降解的材料制作精美的工艺品。通过这种方式，他将可持续发展融入到他的创作中，对他的学生产生了持久的影响。）可知Umapathy的工艺是环保的。A.Cheap.便宜的；B.Traditional.传统的；C.Environment-friendly.环保的；D.Fashionable.流行的，时尚的。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段While growing up，Umapathy was inspired by his father，a government school teacher and expert weaver （编织者）. "He spent most of his evenings engaging in weaving.I would observe him and eventually developed an interest in the colours，designs and the art，" recalls Umapathy.（在成长过程中，Umapathy受到了他父亲的启发，他父亲是一名政府学校教师和纺织专家。"他晚上大部分时间都在编织。我会观察他，最终对色彩、设计和艺术产生了兴趣，"Umapathy回忆道。）可知小时候，Umapathy经常看他父亲织布，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段Most of the students at my school weren't able to afford the materials or equipment to create craftwork.I decided to opt for natural materials，which are available for free（我们学校的大多数学生都买不起制作工艺品的材料或设备。我决定选择天然材料，这是免费的）可知Umapathy之所以选择天然材料，是因为它们容易获得，而且不需要任何成本。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段The students，with the help of Umapathy，have saved their earned income for their education.Several students have pursued their studies in fine arts with the income.One such student，Tamilselvan，completed his graduation in Arts and has followed the path of his master to become an art teacher.（在Umapathy的帮助下，学生们把他们挣来的收入存起来供他们上学。几个学生用这笔收入继续学习美术。一个这样的学生，Tamilselvan，完成了艺术专业的毕业，并跟随他的老师成为了一名艺术教师。）可知Tamilselvan从Umapathy的实践中赚到了继续深造的钱。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Umapathy用竹子、干树叶、种子、根、树枝、蔬菜废料等可生物降解的材料制作精美的工艺品。通过这种方式，他将可持续发展融入到他的创作中，对他的学生产生了持久的影响。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】A、D、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段The Greek historian Herodotus is said to have made one of the earliest lists of the Seven Wonders of the World.These were man-made structures，including the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.More recent times saw natural alternatives to these wonders of classical architecture proposed：waterfalls，mountains，canyons，reefs.Dramatic landscapes，features and wildlife，and the pleasure and excitement they offer to visitors，are staples （主要部分） of tourism.（据说希腊历史学家希罗多德最早列出了世界七大奇迹之一。这些都是人造建筑，包括巴比伦空中花园。最近，人们提出了这些古典建筑奇观的自然替代品：瀑布、山脉、峡谷、街道。壮观的风景、地貌和野生动物，以及它们给游客带来的乐趣和兴奋，是旅游业的主要内容。）可知作者提到希腊历史学家是为了使自然奇观成为焦点。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段and some governments and businesses around the world try to maximise the benefits while minimising the harm.Colombia，for example，recently introduced laws aimed at promoting sustainable tourism.（世界各地的企业都试图在最大限度地减少危害的同时实现利益最大化。例如，哥伦比亚最近出台了旨在促进可持续旅游业的法律。）可知哥伦比亚努力使旅游业健康稳定发展。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据第三段Most of us understand better than ever that there are costs as well as benefits associated with exploring.One of the six pledges （誓言） proposed by an environmental campaign launched last month，The Jump，is to "holiday local"，taking short flights once every three years and long flights very rarely.（我们大多数人比以往任何时候都更清楚，探索既有成本，也有好处。上个月发起的环保运动the Jump提出的六项承诺之一是"在当地度假"，每三年乘坐一次短途航班，很少乘坐长途航班。）可知作者对the Jump的目标持乐观的态度。A.Relaxed.放松的；B.Doubtful.怀疑的；C.Critical.批评的；D.Optimistic.乐观的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文以及根据第一段The Greek historian Herodotus is said to have made one of the earliest lists of the Seven Wonders of the World.These were man-made structures，including the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.More recent times saw natural alternatives to these wonders of classical architecture proposed：waterfalls，mountains，canyons，reefs.Dramatic landscapes，features and wildlife，and the pleasure and excitement they offer to visitors，are staples （主要部分） of tourism.（据说希腊历史学家希罗多德最早列出了世界七大奇迹之一。这些都是人造建筑，包括巴比伦空中花园。最近，人们提出了这些古典建筑奇观的自然替代品：瀑布、山脉、峡谷、街道。壮观的风景、地貌和野生动物，以及它们给游客带来的乐趣和兴奋，是旅游业的主要内容。）可知本文主要介绍了为了保护环境，人们可以短途旅游或者在假期就欣赏周围的环境也是不错的。所以"A.Nature tourism：travel lightly自然旅游：轻装上阵"为最佳标题。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了旅游与环境保护之间的关系。早期的世界七大奇迹是人造建筑物，而现代人们提出了自然景观作为替代品。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Across the gardens of Britain，in cities and suburbs，people are building sheds （工棚）. "We have never seen such an increase in orders，" says Paul Deary of the Garden Shed Company，whose family has been in the business for 35 years."People have gone shed crazy." The Timber Trade Federation reports that last October imports of softwood were 34% higher than a year earlier.With stocks （存货）running low，whatever wood is available is quickly sold out.（在英国城市和郊区的花园中，人们正在建造棚屋。"我们从未见过这样的订单增长，"Garden Shed公司的Paul Deary说，他的家族从事这一行业已有35年。"人们都疯了。"木材贸易联合会报告称，去年10月的软木进口量比上年同期增长了34%。由于库存越来越少，任何可用的木材都会很快售罄。）可知，英国之所以从国外进口更多的软木材是因为人们对棚屋的需求在上升。故选 B。
（2）段落主旨题。根据第二段"A garden shed used to be mostly a place to store farm tools，or a place to discuss plants and drink tea when the rain fell outside，"said Michael Rand，an expert gardener.But the creative brainworker has long put it to more productive use.Roald Dahl and Dylan Thomas wrote in sheds.George Bernard Shaw had one in his garden that faced the sun.（园艺专家迈克尔•兰德说："花园棚屋过去主要是存放农具的地方，或者是在外面下雨时讨论植物和喝茶的地方。"但富有创造力的脑力工作者长期以来一直将其用于更有成效的用途。罗尔德•达尔和迪伦•托马斯在棚屋里写作。乔治•萧伯纳的花园里就有一个面朝太阳的。）和第三段The structures now being built are also often intended for work，although they are grander than the ones those pioneer shed-writers used.Green Retreats，which mostly builds garden offices but also garden gyms and the like，says that overall sales grew by 113% between 2021 and 2022.Larger，fancier structures with things like white walls are especially popular.（现在正在建造的建筑也经常是为了工作，尽管它们比那些先驱棚户区作家使用的更宏伟。Green Retreats主要建造花园办公室，但也建造花园健身房等。该公司表示，在2021年至2022年期间，总销售额增长了113%。带有白墙之类的更大、更华丽的建筑尤其受欢迎。）可知，这两段主要谈论棚屋的功能和用途。结合选项A.Famous shed-writers.著名的棚屋作家；B.Development of shed-offices.棚屋办公室的发展；C.Different functions of sheds.棚屋的不同功能；D.Improvement on shed-building.棚舍建设的改进。分析可知，C项符合这两段的主旨大意。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第四段第二、三句Urban scholars like Richard Florida and Edward Glaeser are busy trying to work out whether the rise in home-working that has occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic will continue when the virus begins to ebb.If it does，many service jobs in cities，from waiters to taxi drivers，will disappear.（理查德•佛罗里达和爱德华•格莱泽等城市学者正忙着弄清楚，当病毒开始消退时，COVID-19大流行期间在家工作的人数是否会继续增加。如果是这样的话，城市里从服务员到出租车司机等许多服务性工作将会消失。）可知，此处意为"病毒消退"。结合选项A.Spread.传播；B.Continue.继续；C.Strike.击中；D.Decline.下降，减少。分析可知，D项与划线词意思一致。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句Joel Bird who builds personalized sheds，is certain that his clients imagine a long-term change in their working habits. （建造个性化棚屋的乔尔•伯德确信，他的客户希望长期改变他们的工作习惯。）可知，棚户区的繁荣会带来工作习惯的转变。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国人越来越热衷于建造花园小屋的现象。花园小屋的需求量大幅增加，木材供应不足，导致价格上涨。过去花园小屋主要用于存放工具或者讨论植物的地方，但现在越来越多的人将其用作办公场所。这对城市产生了重要影响，可能导致居民继续在家工作，进而使城市中的服务行业岗位减少，公共交通系统面临困境，城市中心房地产价值下降。花园小屋的热潮使这种结果更加可能。建造个性化花园小屋的乔尔•伯德认为，他的客户们认为这种工作方式的改变是长期的，他们投入了太多的金钱。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
16~20.【答案】F、A、C、E、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文There，ropes of seaweed are growing beneath the water's surface.Seaweed is Druehl's life（在那里，水面下生长着海藻绳。海藻是Druehl的生命），可知表示"他对它进行了研究、耕种、烹饪，并写了一本关于它的书"的选项F可以承接前文海藻是Druehl的生命的话题，介绍Druehl对于海藻的研究，故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文People think of forests as the best protection against climate change（人们认为森林是抵御气候变化的最佳保护措施）；以及后句Unlike trees，seaweed doesn't need fertilizers or fresh water.It grows faster than trees and doesn't require any land.It helps balance ocean ecosystems （生态系统）.And it absorbs carbon from the environment（海藻和树木不一样一样，不需要肥料或淡水。它比树木生长得更快，不需要任何土地。它有助于平衡海洋生态系统。它吸收环境中的碳），可知表示"但一些研究人员说，给我们吃海藻是更好的方法"的选项A可以和前文构成对比，引出后文对于海藻比树木更具有优势的介绍，故选A。
（3）主题判断题。根据后文Many worry about the environmental influence of eating meat.Can seaweed farms provide enough protein for the world？Carlos Duarte，a professor of marine eco logy，thinks so. "When you look at how we are going to feed the world population by 2050 in a way that doesn't harm the environment，there is only one pathway，"he says. "Seaweed farming"（有人担心吃肉对环境的影响。海藻养殖场能为世界提供足够的蛋白质吗？海洋生态学教授卡洛斯•杜阿尔特（Carlos Duarte）是这么认为的，他说："当你审视到2050年我们将如何在不损害环境的情况下养活世界人口时，只有一条途径---海藻养殖"），可知表示"海藻也可以成为全球重要的食物来源"的选项C可以作为本段的主题---海藻也可以成为全球重要的食物来源，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据后文In British Columbia，there is a long line of seaweed farmers waiting to learn from Louis Druehl（在不列颠哥伦比亚省，有一长串海藻养殖户等着向Louis Druehl学习），可知表示"在过去的10年里，全球海藻产量翻了一番"的选项E可以引出后文很多海藻养殖户向Louis Druehl学习的话题，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文Growing too much of it can also affect the amount of light that reaches species living deeper in the water（生长过多的海藻也会影响到生活在更深水域的物种的光照量），可知表示"这对水下生态系统是危险的"的选项B可以承接前文生长过多的海藻也会影响到生活在更深水域的物种的光照量，介绍这种影响的结果，故选B。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了海藻的作用以及如果不及时收割会产生的负面的影响。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、B、D、B、D、C、A、C、B、C、B、A、D、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.ignore忽视；B.settle解决；C.experience经历；D.examine检查。句意：我开始了用传统工具解决这些问题的旅程，这些工具对我帮助很大。上文提到作者患有恐慌症，因此此处是指用传统的工具来解决这些问题。故选B。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.Fortunately幸运地；B.Objectively客观地；C.Particularly特别地；D.Temporarily暂时地。句意：幸运的是，一年后就不再需要治疗了。根据后文a year later treatment was no longer needed可知，幸运的是，一年后作者就不再需要治疗了。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.habits习惯；B.depression抑郁症，沮丧；C.adaptation适应；D.interests 兴趣。句意：令人沮丧的是，大约一年后，我开始患上抑郁症，并再次开始恐慌。根据后文and began to have panic attacks once again可知，作者再度患病，与后文恐慌症相对应的B选项"depression"最符合语境，故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.suffering遭受；B.condition状况；C.hospitals医院；D.cures治愈方法。句意：我试了我所知道的最好的方法，回到我以前的治愈方法，但是我仍然在挣扎，直到我得到一些新的建议，我才感觉好起来。此处对应到第一段中them with traditional tools ，此处指用以前传统的治愈方法来治病。故选D。
（5）考查连词及语境理解。A.though尽管；B.before直到……为止；C.since自从；D.after在……之后。句意：我试了我所知道的最好的方法，回到我以前的治愈方法，但是我仍然在挣扎，直到我得到一些新的建议，我才感觉好起来。根据下文可知，作者尝试了一些新方法，所以此处指作者一直在挣扎，感觉很不好，直到他得到一些新的建议。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.puzzled使困惑；B.faced面对；C.mixed混合；D.filled装满。句意：我的童年充满了创造力，但在我成年后的大部分时间里，它却被忽视了。结合后文with creativity可知，作者的童年充满了创造力。短语be filled with"充满"。故选D。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.open公开的；B.best最好的；C.creative创造性的；D.great伟大的。句意：一位心理医生告诉我，心理健康问题在有创造力的人中很常见，我决定重新开始唱歌。此处承接上文with creativity ，此处说明作者是个有创造力的人。故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.singing歌唱；B.acting表演；C.reading阅读；D.travelling旅行。句意：我决定重新开始唱歌。根据上文中的"I loved to sing"可知，此处指作者为了重拾自己的创造力又开始唱歌了。故选A。
（9）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.trick诡计；B.approach方法；C.courage勇气；D.privilege特权。句意：我找到了试音的勇气。结合上文Then I joined a group called Sound，a pop choir.Much better.可知，作者感觉好多了，找到了试音的勇气。故选C。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.take over接管；B.get through度过，熬过；C.escape from逃跑；D.figure out解决。句意：我很惊讶自己居然能安然度过这么危险的情况，而没有惊慌失措。根据后文such a risky situation and that I didn't have a panic attack可知作者度过（ get through ）了试音这种容易引发恐慌的情况。故选B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.trainer训练师；B.director导演；C.member成员；D.lover情人。句意：我现在已经是合唱团的成员3年了。根据上文可知，作者为了找回自己儿时的创造力加入了一个合唱团，所以此处指作者成为合唱团的成员。故选C。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.informs通知；B.reminds提醒；C.convinces使信服；D.warns警告。句意：这让我想起了我在学校的时候。根据后文me of who I was at school.可知，唱诗班表演让作者想起了自己在学校的时候。短语remind sb.of sth."使某人想起某事"。故选B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.education教育；B.competition比赛；C.career事业；D.life生活。句意：因此，我所有的教育都充满了美好的回忆，我正开始把这些美好的回忆重新融入我的成年生活。结合上文I was at school可知，作者想起了自己在学校的时候，因此可推知，此处指的是作者接受的教育都充满了美好的回忆。故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.absorbed全神贯注的；B.excited非常兴奋的；C.ambitious有雄心的；D.anxious焦虑的。句意：当我焦虑的时候，分心是关键，唱歌也有帮助。根据上文讲作者患有恐慌症可推知，此处指在作者感到焦虑的时候，分散注意力对作者很有帮助。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.last持续；B.help帮助；C.occur发生；D.matter要紧。句意：当我焦虑的时候，分心是关键，唱歌也有帮助。此处指当作者焦虑时，唱歌的确有帮助。故选B。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者深受恐慌症和抑郁症的困扰，在医生的建议下，决定重新开始以前喜欢的唱歌事业，加入了唱诗班，最后焦虑情况得到了缓解。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。
36.【答案】【小题1】until
【小题2】products
【小题3】following
【小题4】which
【小题5】automatically
【小题6】and
【小题7】numbered
【小题8】Developed
【小题9】a
【小题10】to remain
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：但直到近20年后的1971年，美国工程师乔治•劳雷尔（George Laurer）才完善了这项技术，并开始向商业化迈进。表示"直到"，引导时间状语从句，所以用介词until，故填until。
（2）考查可数名词的复数。句意：1973年4月3日，许多大型零售商和食品公司就产品识别标准达成一致。表示"产品"，product为可数名词，所以用名词复数表示泛指，故填products。
（3）考查形容词。句意：第二年的6月26日，在美国俄亥俄州，第一个产品被扫描：一包口香糖，现在在华盛顿的美国国家历史博物馆。表示"接下来的"，作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填following。
（4）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：那片不规则的垂直线，让超市结账和零售业全球化变得更容易，已经50岁了。先行词为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。
（5）考查副词。句意：任何人都可以在商店扫描商品上的条形码，然后自动获取产品信息。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填automatically。
（6）考查连词。句意：扫描产品时发出的商标声每天在全球被听到约60亿次，每秒售出约7万件商品。前后是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
（7）考查动词语态。句意：但它的日子可能不多了，因为它面临着来自年轻的二维码的竞争。number和主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词和might be构成被动语态，故填numbered。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：二维码码开发于1994年，可以保存更多的信息，已广泛应用于各个领域。develop和主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，故填Developed。
（9）考查冠词。句意：甚至卖蔬菜的人都有二维码!泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，person是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：但随着世界逐渐转向二维码，条形码可能会在未来几年继续存在。be likely to do sth."可能做某事"，为固定搭配，故填to remain。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了条形码的发展历史。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】To Live a Healthy School LifeA healthy school life can help us concentrate on our study，keep healthy and make progress each day，which contributes to our full development both in mind and body.【高分句型一】（健康的校园生活的重要性）
To live a healthy school life，we should keep some tips in mind.【高分句型二】First of all，have a balanced diet and enough sleep.They're the basis of a healthy school life.Secondly，keep a balance between study and play.Proper physical exercise makes us stronger and our learning more effective.What's more，stay positive and get ready to help others.（如何拥有健康的校园生活）
Wish you a healthy school life and a bright future!（希望）
【解析】高分句型一：A healthy school life can help us concentrate on our study，keep healthy and make progress each day，which contributes to our full development both in mind and body.
译文：健康的学校生活可以帮助我们集中精力学习，保持健康，每天进步，这有助于我们身心的全面发展。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：To live a healthy school life，we should keep some tips in mind.
译文：为了过上健康的学校生活，我们应该牢记一些建议。
分析：这句话使用了不定式内容To live a healthy school life作目的状语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Then Gail's first birthday after the transplant was drawing near and she got an idea.She called Paul and invited him to her birthday party.When he refused，she got mad. "You've given me a second life.How can you refuse to come to my birthday party？It would be meaningless without you，" she yelled at Paul.Amazingly，Gail's words worked!Paul knew she was talking to him from the bottom of her heart.So he accepted the invitation and they finally met at Gail's birthday party.（Gail通过邀请Paul参加自己的生日聚会来打破他们友谊的障碍的过程。）
Their friendship started after the birthday party.Now they meet every few weeks，sharing each other's concerns，feelings and experiences.【高分句型一】And they spare no effort to offer help whenever one of them is in trouble. "I found someone I didn't know who was willing to give the precious gift.How could I not be his friend？" said Gail. "I lost a kidney，but I gain a true friend.It's worth it，" said Paul.No doubt，it is love and great kindness that create the true friendship between the two strangers.【高分句型二】（他们的友谊是在生日聚会之后开始的）
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Paul将自己的活体器官捐赠给患有肾衰竭的陌生人Gail Tomas，Paul害怕Gail和她的家人仅仅因为感激而和他联系在一起，所以他向Gail明确表示，他不想了解她。但Gail坚持和他做朋友，并试图找到一个机会来打破他们友谊的障碍。
高分句型一：Now they meet every few weeks，sharing each other's concerns，feelings and experiences.
翻译：现在他们每隔几周见一次面，分享彼此的担忧、感受和经历。
分析：本句运用了现在分词sharing each other's concerns，feelings and experiences作状语。
高分句型二：No doubt，it is love and great kindness that create the true friendship between the two strangers.
翻译：毫无疑问，是爱和善良造就了这两个陌生人之间的真正友谊。
分析：运用了强调句"It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who/whom +句子的其余部分"。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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