专题12 Unit2 话题写作+实操练习（外研-版选择性必修三）-高二英语寒假衔接【外研版】

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1. 分析课本Writing 部分的文章。
2. 写作指导：人物介绍类说明文。
3. 实操练习。
结构分析
Part ne (paragraph 1)
Beginning: Stating what it aims t explain r analyse.
Part tw (paragraph 2-4)
Main bdy: Organising paragraphs with supprting evidence and facts.
Part three(paragraph 5)
Cnclusin：Reviewing the main theme f the essay.
说明文包含了对一个事件、一种情况或一个想法的公正和平衡的分析。通常首先清楚地说明的目的是解释或分析什么。正文包括几个段落，并附有证据和事实。结论是根据所有已经提出的证据来回顾文章的主题。
因此，说明文常包括开头，正文和结论几个部分。
必背短语
have sth. in cmmn 有共同之处
alng with 和……一起
vary frm ... t ... 从……到……不等
in additin t 除……之外
be assciated with 与……有关
leave behind 留下
有关人物介绍的常见应用文写作的主题是：介绍同学、朋友、老师、父母、名人等。本单元侧重介绍大国工匠式人物。写作时应注意以下几个方面：
1．写作思路：概括介绍人物的基本情况→介绍人物品质，叙述生平事迹→评价人物形象。
2．选取素材：在文章的框架确定后，选材很关键。选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。要突出重点，详细描述表现文章主题的重要情节。
3．语言运用：写人物介绍类的文章，需要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人物进行准确描绘，且语言的表现力要强，以便将人物刻画得更丰满。
4．注意事项：信息点的表述不必完全按照题目所给的顺序，可根据文章结构安排做适当调整。介绍人物时，时态多用一般过去时，也可灵活穿插使用其他时态。
常用句型
1．家庭背景、教育状况
He was brn int a pr/wealthy family and lived a hard/happy life...
He was brn with a silver spn in his muth.
He started schl in 1984 and left schl 12 years later.
He went t study graduated 4 years later.
He gt his bachelr's/master's/dctr's degree in mathematics frm...
2．生平事迹
He devted his lifetime t...
He wn a prize in...
He made up his mind t...
He made great prgress in...
3．对人物的评价
He is ne f the mst utstanding persns...
He is hnured/regarded/cnsidered as...
He has made great cntributins t...
He sets an example t...
常用词语
描述人物性格特征的形容词有：
generus大方的，宽宏大量的
strng­willed 意志坚定的
determined 坚决的
ambitius 有雄心的
learned 有学问的，博学的
reliable 可靠的
enthusiastic 热情的，热烈的
diligent 勤奋的

典型例题
假定你是李华，请根据下面的内容提示，为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文，介绍你最崇拜的一位中国科学家梁建英。内容如下：
1．出生时间：1972年4月 出生地点：山东省
2．职务：中国高铁总设计师
3．主要经历
(1)2007年研制出国内首列时速为300－350公里的动车组；
(2)2017年，“复兴号”列车以350 公里的时速正式投入运营，在高铁运营领域取得了新的突破。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：高速列车(G­Series High­Speed Train)
审题构思
第一段：介绍梁建英的职务、出生年份、主要经历；
第二段：表达自己的感想。
核心要点：1. 梁建英出生在山东省，是中国高铁总设计师；
2. 2007年她研制出国内首列时速为300-350公里的高速列车，2017年“复兴号”以350公里的时速投入运营；
3. 她是我们的榜样，其精神激励我们为祖国的发展做出贡献。
核心词汇
1．devtin/dedicatin n. 奉献，献身
2．innvatin n. 创新，革新
3．cntribute t 对……做贡献
4．make a new breakthrugh 取得新的突破
5．painstaking adj. 艰苦的；勤勉的
6．inspire vt. 激励，激发
由词扩句
1．梁建英于1972年4月出生于山东省。
Liang Jianying was brn in Shandng Prvince in April，1972.
2．梁建英是中国高铁总设计师。
Liang Jianying is the general designer f China's High­speed Railway.
3．2007年她研制出国内首列时速为300－350公里的高速列车。
In 2007, she develped the first G­Series High­Speed Train in China which was perated at the speed f 300－350 kph.
4．2017年，“复兴号”列车以350公里的时速投入运营。
In 2017, China­Standard EMU trains were put int service with the speed f 350 kph.
5．高铁运营领域取得了新的突破。(被动语态)
A new breakthrugh was made in the peratin f the High­speed Railway.
6．梁建英为我们树立了一个好的榜样。
Liang Jianying has set a gd example t us．
7．她的艰苦奉献和革新精神激励着我们努力学习，将来为祖国的发展做出贡献。
Her spirit f painstaking dedicatin and innvatin inspires us t study hard and cntribute t the develpment f ur cuntry in the future.
句式升级
1．用同位语合并第三步中的句1和句2。
Liang Jianying, the general designer f China's High­speed Railway, was brn in Shandng Prvince in April，1972.
2．用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并第三步中的句4和句5。
In 2017, China­Standard EMU trains were put int service with the speed f 350 kph, which made a new breakthrugh in the peratin f the High­speed Railway.
3．用过去分词短语作原因状语改写第三步中的句7。
Inspired by her spirit f painstaking dedicatin and innvatin, we will study hard and cntribute t the develpment f ur cuntry in the future.
过渡衔接连成篇
One pssibile versin：
Liang Jianying, the general designer f China's High­speed Railway, was brn in Shandng Prvince in April, 1972. In 2007, she develped the first G­Series High­Speed Train in China which was perated at the speed f 300－350 kph. In 2017, China­Standard EMU trains were put int service with the speed f 350 kph, which made a new breakthrugh in the peratin f the High­speed Railway.
Liang Jianying has set a gd example t us. Inspired by her spirit f painstaking dedicatin and innvatin, we will study hard and cntribute t the develpment f ur cuntry in the future.
练习一
请根据以下材料，写一篇介绍中国明代医药学家李时珍的文章。
姓名：李时珍
出生年代：1518
著作：《本草纲目》（Cmpendium f Materia Medica）
内容：中草药（Chinese herbs）总集，包含近2000种中草药，数百万字
写作经历：访民间，走群山，尝百草，亲身做实验
成书时间：1578年，历时27年
评价：对中国医药学发展做出了重大贡献注意：词数80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Knwn as a famus pharmacist in Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen was brn in 1518.
He wrte a bk called Cmpendium f Materia Medica, which is a cllectin f Chinese herbs including ver 2,000 Chinese herbs with millins f characters. In rder t finish the task, he visited muntains, called n rdinary peple, tasted different kinds f herbs and even did experiments by himself. It tk him 27 years t finish the task, and his bk is cnsidered t be a great cntributin t the develpment f Chinese medicine.
【导语】这篇写作是一篇介绍性质的文章，要求考生介绍古代医药学家李时珍。题目已经给出了各项要点，考生应该添加合适细节，使之形成一篇自然流畅的文章。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
①著名：famus→renwned, distinguished
②药典：cmpendium→encyclpedia, manual
③贡献：cntributin→dnatin, ffering
④发展：develpment→prgress, evlutin
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knwn as a famus pharmacist in Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen was brn in 1518.
拓展句：Li Shizhen was brn in 1518, wh is knwn as a famus pharmacist in Ming Dynasty.
【点睛】【高分句型1】He wrte a bk called Cmpendium f Materia Medica, which is a cllectin f Chinese herbs including ver 2,000 Chinese herbs with millins f characters. (which引导的非限定性定语从句)
【高分句型2】It tk him 27 years t finish the task, and his bk is cnsidered t be a great cntributin t the develpment f Chinese medicine. (it作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语)
练习二
假定你是李华，打算发布一个帖子，介绍你喜欢的一位喜剧演员Karim Asir（卡里姆·阿西尔）。内容简介：
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Perhaps, Karim Asir is nt knwn t mst f us. Hwever, he is called “living Chaplin” by his fellw cuntrymen. He is an Afghan cmedian. Asir wears makeup and clthes t lk just like the famus British actr, Charlie Chaplin. He als uses similar actins. He perfrms n the streets and at big events. The 27-year-ld actr says his gal is t use humur t help take peple’s minds ff the difficulties they face every day and t give peple a chance t refresh themselves fr anther day.
I can’t admire Asir t much and I will d my best t make peple laugh and bring sunlight t thse in truble.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生发布一个帖子，介绍自己喜欢的一位喜剧演员Karim Asir（卡里姆·阿西尔）。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：knwn→famus
然而：hwever→nevertheless
目标：gal→aim
机会：chance→pprtunity
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：Hwever, he is called “living Chaplin” by his fellw cuntrymen. He is an Afghan cmedian.
拓展句：Hwever, he is called “living Chaplin” by his fellw cuntrymen, wh is an Afghan cmedian.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The 27-year-ld actr says his gal is t use humur t help take peple’s minds ff the difficulties they face every day and t give peple a chance t refresh themselves fr anther day. (says后运用了省略that的宾语从句，运用了不定式作表语，difficulties后运用了省略关系词that/which的定语从句)
【高分句型2】I can’t admire Asir t much and I will d my best t make peple laugh and bring sunlight t thse in truble. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
练习三
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1. 人物简介； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意：1.词数80左右； 2.短文题目已为你写好。
The persn I respect
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The persn I respect
There are many respectable peple arund us. As fr me, my mther is the persn I respect mst. She plays an imprtant rle in my life, nt nly as a mther but als as a friend.
As a mther, she takes gd care f the family and is never upset abut my mistakes, which shws her great patience and lve. She wrks hard in the cmpany. Besides, she’s always warm-hearted and ready t help thers. She sets a gd example fr me s that I have learned t wrk hard and respect peple arund. As a friend, she knws a lt abut me and gives me help whenever it’s necessary.
My mther has a great influence n me and that’s why I respect her mst．
【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生以“The persn I respect”为题，写一篇短文参赛，描述自己身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人。
【详解】1.词汇积累
照顾：take care f→lk after
热心肠的：warm-hearted→kind-hearted
此外：besides→furthermre
影响：influence→effect
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As fr me, my mther is the persn I respect mst.
拓展句：If yu ask me wh is the mst respectable persn arund us, I will tell yu my mther is the persn I respect mst.
【点睛】【高分句型1】She plays an imprtant rle in my life, nt nly as a mther but als as a friend.（运用了nt nly…but als…并列结构）
【高分句型2】As a mther, she takes gd care f the family and is never upset abut my mistakes, which shws her great patience and lve.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
练习四
在2024年巴黎奥运会上，许多中国运动员表现出色，为国争光。假如你是李华，请你为校广播站投稿，介绍你最敬佩和喜欢的中国运动员。
要点：1. 在2024年巴黎奥运会上你最敬佩和喜欢的中国运动员是谁；
2. 你所知道和了解的他的成长经历和主要战绩；
3. 为什么敬佩和喜欢他, 他有哪些可贵的品质；
4. 你的感想。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
In the 2024 Paris Olympics, the athlete I admire mst is Sng Yufei, a swimmer. She began swimming at the age f six and has been dedicated t the sprt ever since. Sng has wn multiple gld medals, including at the Wrld Champinships and the Asian Games.
The jurney f Sng Yufei is inspiring. Despite facing numerus challenges, she never gave up. She has becme a rle mdel fr many due t her perseverance and ptimistic attitude. She always stays humble and wrks hard, which I find truly admirable.
Seeing her achievements, I am mtivated t pursue my wn gals with the same determinatin and passin. Her stry teaches us that hard wrk and a psitive mindset can lead t great success.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校广播站投稿，介绍自己在2024年巴黎奥运会上最敬佩和喜欢的中国运动员，并说明理由和个人感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
毅力：perseverance → persistence
积极的：psitive → ptimistic
谦逊的：humble → mdest
激励的：mtivated → inspired
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：Seeing her achievements, I am mtivated t pursue my wn gals with the same determinatin and passin.
拓展句：When I see her achievements, I am mtivated t pursue my wn gals with the same determinatin and passin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In the 2024 Paris Olympics, the athlete I admire mst is Sng Yufei, a swimmer. (运用了省略that的定语从句)
【高分句型2】She always stays humble and wrks hard, which I find truly admirable. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
练习五
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“我最喜欢的中国历史人物”为题写一篇英文短文参赛。内容包括：
1. 人物简介；
2. 喜欢的原因。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favrite Chinese Histrical Figure
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
My Favrite Chinese Histrical Figure
My favrite figure frm Chinese histry is the philspher Cnfucius, wh lived during the Spring and Autumn Perid. He was an educatr and a plitical analyst, whse thughts have prfundly influenced East Asian.
I admire Cnfucius fr the fllwing reasns. First, his dedicatin t educatin and the belief that it shuld be accessible t all tuch me deeply. Secnd, he emphasized the imprtance f persnal and gvernmental mrality, crrect scial relatinships, justice, and sincerity. These values nt nly shaped Chinese culture but als ffered timeless wisdm that remains relevant tday.
In brief, his teachings encurage me t reflect n my actins and strive t be a better individual in all aspects f life.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在学校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“我最喜欢的中国历史人物”为题写一篇英文短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
影响：influence→impact
使感动：tuch→mve
提供：ffer→prvide
鼓励：encurage→mtivate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I admire Cnfucius fr the fllwing reasns.
拓展句：The fllwing are reasns why I admire Cnfucius.
【点睛】【高分句型1】He was an educatr and a plitical analyst, whse thughts have prfundly influenced East Asian.（运用了whse引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】First, his dedicatin t educatin and the belief that it shuld be accessible t all tuch me deeply.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）
练习六
下周五，你校英语社团将组织主题为“My rle mdel”的交流活动。请你写一篇发言稿参加交流，内容包括：
1. 人物简介；
2. 主要事迹；
3. 成功启示。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My rle mdel
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My rle mdel
Gd afternn, everyne,
I’m delighted t be here t share my rle mdel with yu. A disabled painter called Huang Gufu frm Chngqing is my rle mdel.
Lsing bth arms as a result f an electric shck at 4, Huang Gufu began practising painting with his muth and feet at 12 years ld. After hard practice, Huang Gufu’s legs and feet are nw very flexible and his paintings are s well-knwn that they have already been sld at hme and abrad.
It is he wh inspires me t be brave t face all the challenges in my life.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以主题为“My rle mdel”写一篇发言稿参加英语社团组织的交流活动，内容包括人物简介、主要事迹以及成功启示。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted →glad
由于：as a result f →in view f
著名的：well-knwn →famus
面对：face →be faced with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A disabled painter called Huang Gufu frm Chngqing is my rle mdel.
拓展句：A disabled painter wh is called Huang Gufu frm Chngqing is my rle mdel.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Lsing bth arms as a result f an electric shck at 4, Huang Gufu began practising painting with his muth and feet at 12 years ld.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
【高分句型2】After hard practice, Huang Gufu’s legs and feet are nw very flexible and his paintings are s well-knwn that they have already been sld at hme and abrad.（运用了“s…that…”句型，其中that 引导的为结果状语从句）
考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺
难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升
学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破
人物
Karim Asir，27岁，阿富汗人(Afghan)
职业
喜剧演员
表演风格
在街头表演和大型活动中，模仿查理·卓别林的装扮和肢体动作，被称作“活着的卓别林”
人生目标
用他的幽默帮助人们暂时忘却生活中的困难。
表演风格
……