【高考英语】语法易错点30题精讲练：专题10 虚拟语气

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高考英语语法【虚拟语气】易错点对点训练30题
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1. The wrkers were nt better rganized, therwise they_______（accmplish) the task in half the time.
2. There is a gd scial life in the village, and I wish I_______（have) a secnd chance t becme mre invlved.
3._______（be) it nt fr the supprt f the teachers, the student culd nt vercme her difficulty.
4. Had the gvernments and scientists nt wrked tgether, AIDS-related deaths wuldn't_______（fall) since their highest in 2005.
5. I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn't been wearing ne, I_______（injure).
II.精选典题虚拟语气专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.If the new safety system (bring) int use, the accident wuld never have happened.
7.When yu phned me, I was having a meeting; hw I wish I (answer) yur call.
8.As the deadline is drawing near, n ne leave with his wn wrk uncmpleted.
9.The rder came that the medical supplies (send) t the earthquake­stricken area sn.
10.It is high time that yu (cnsider) that if there were n stress in yur life, yu wuld achieve a little.
11.I was ill that day, therwise I (take) part in the sprts meet.
12. —I (nt) thank yu enugh fr what yu have dne fr me.
—Yu’re welcme.
13.Harry is feeling uncmfrtable. He have drunk t much at the party last night.
14.Jhn wants t see me nw, but I have s much wrk n hand that I wuld rather he (cme) tmrrw than tday.
15.As Father and Mther thught it was a big ccasin fr me, they suggested I (hld) a birthday party at hme t celebrate it.
III.精选典题虚拟语气专题对点训练·单句改错
16.Whenever I made mistakes and felt discuraged, my teacher and my classmates wuld help me figure ut hw I must have avided them.
17.We needn’t t d s much hmewrk. Therefre, we have mre time fr after­schl activities.
18.In my pinin, by ding part­time jbs, cllege students must gain sme scial experience and braden their utlks.
19.When I gt the papers, I realized that things wuld be better if I listened t the teacher attentively.
20.When yu walk int the gallery, yu feel as if yu are inside a fragile, white seashell.
IV.精选典题虚拟语气专题对点训练·短文语法填空
Tm and Peter are twins.They lk as if they 21. (be)the same persn.Bth the tw bys are smart,but Tm is hard-wrking while Peter is lazy.Tm always wins the first place in the exams while
Peter desn't.Hwever,peple believe if Peter 22. (wrk)as hard as Tm,he wuld d as well as his brther in his study.
At hme,their parents suggest that they 23. (finish)their hmewrk befre playing cmputer games.But Peter insists that it 24. (be) OK t play games first as lng as he can hand in his hmewrk in time.Their mther gives in in the end.
One day,when ding his hmewrk,Tm fund he made a serius mistake.S he put his exercise bk aside and used anther ne.When Peter fund the previus exercise bk,he struck ut Tm's name and signed his name n its cver happily,and handed it in as his wn hmewrk the next day.
When the teacher tld the truth t the twins' mther, she was very angry and shuted at Peter,"Hw I wish yu 25. (be) as diligent as yur brther! Nw it's time that I 26. (give)yu a gd lessn. And yu 27. play any cmputer games fr a mnth!”
＂Oh, n!Mm. 28. a cmputer fr such a lng time,I wuld die.I wuld rather yu
29. (ask)me t d the dishes fr a mnth alne."Peter was upset.
“If yu 30. (finish)yur hmewrk n time yesterday,yu wuldn't be punished nw," said the mther.
一．虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中的应用
虚拟条件从句(if)
主句
与现在事实相反的假设
主语+did/were
主语+shuld/wuld/culd/might+d
与过去事实相反的假设
主语+had dne
主语+shuld/wuld/culd/might+have dne
与将来事实相反的假设
主语+ 1.did/were
2.shuld d
3.were t d
主语+shuld/wuld/culd/might+d
二．技巧点拨·如何判定情态动词和虚拟语气
1．意义和语气判断法
所谓意义判断法就是分析语境并确定应填情态动词的含义。因此熟练掌握每个情态动词的意义和用法是答题的前提。此外，情态动词主要表示说话人的语气、态度或情感，所以在解答此类试题时，要从说话者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来分析和判断，最后确定所需情态动词是否符合说话者的语气以及特定的情感需要。
[例1] Gerge (nt g) t far. His cffee is still warm.
[分析] can’t/culdn’t have gne 由下文的His cffee is still warm可以看出，乔治应该是刚离开，不可能走太远，表示对过去发生的事情非常有把握的否定推测，应填can’t/culdn’t have gne。
2．时间判断法
虚拟语气的考查重点在于判断句子是对现在、过去还是将来的动作进行虚拟。判断出时间后再根据相应的结构或句型确定谓语动词的形式。
[例2] I wish I (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was n a business trip in New Yrk then.
[分析] had been 句意：我真希望上周二参加了妹妹的婚礼，不过我当时正在纽约出差。根据句中的but可知“我参加了妹妹的婚礼”只是一种假设，根据空后的时间状语last Tuesday可知，动作发生在过去，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故谓语用“had＋过去分词”结构。故答案为had been。
三．虚拟语气的易错点
虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
与现在事实相反
If I were yu, I wuld seize the chance t g abrad.
与过去事实相反
If yu hadn't encuraged me, I wuld nt have been admitted t this university.
与将来事实相反
If it rained/shuld rain/were t rain tmrrw, I wuld stay at hme.
混合条件句
If yu had nt watched televisin s late last night, yu wuld nt be s sleepy nw.
含蓄条件句
由介词（短语）with, withut, but fr, in that psitin等，或由连词 r, therwise, and, but, but that 等代替 if 条件句
I culdn't have finished the wrk n time withut yur help.
But fr yur timely warning,we wuld have gt int great truble.
It is lucky we bked a rm, r we wuld have nwhere t stay nw.
省略if的虚拟语气
当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, shuld, had 时，if 可省略，而将 were, shuld, had等词置于句首，形成倒装
Were he here, everything wuld be alright.
Shuld it rain tmrrw, we wuld put ff the trip.
Had I nt left that cmment, I wuld nt have had that
pprtunity.
虚拟语气用于其它状语从句
as if/thugh 引导的让步和方式状语从句
He lks as if he were an artist.
He talked abut the accident as if he had seen it.
in rder that, s that, in case, fr fear that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词可用（shuld) d
Keep quiet in case yu(shuld)interrupt him.
She is nw studying hard fr fear that she(shuld)fail in the exam.
虚拟语气用于主语从句之中
necessary, natural, strange, imprtant, surprising, vital等用于句型“It is+adj.+that...”中，that 引导的主语从句中谓语动词常用“（shuld)d”形式
It is necessary that he(shuld)srt ut the infrmatin fr my reference.
It is strange that he(shuld)fall in lve with such a snbbish girl.
demanded, required, desired, suggested, rdered, decided, requested, recmmended等用于句型“It is+过去分词＋that...”中，that 引导的主语从句中谓语动词常用“（shuld) d”形式
It is demanded that atmic weapns (shuld)be prhibited.
It is rdered that yu(shuld) be present at the meeting.
It is suggested that middle schl students (shuld) take at least ne hur exercise every day.
It is required that we (shuld) clean the rm every day.
虚拟语气用于宾语从句之中
suggest(建议），arrange, cmmand, demand, desire, insist(坚决要求），rder, prpse, request, require 等后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“（shuld)d”形式
I prpse that he (shuld) put an advertisement in the lcal paper
They insist that I(shuld)stay there fr supper.
She suggested that Dale jin the debating team, believing that practice in speaking culd give him the cnfidence and recgnitin that he needed.
wish 后的宾语从句
I wish that he visited us tday.
I wish that he had visited us/culd have visited us yesterday.
I wish that he wuld/culd/might visit us tmrrw.
虚拟语气用于表语从句之中
suggestin, prpsal, demand, request, rder, advice, desire等名词后面的表语从句中谓语动词用“（shuld)d”形式
His suggestin is that we(shuld)put the meeting ff.
All my request is that yu(shuld)be there early。
My prpsal was that necessary measures (shuld) be taken t prtect the children frm dangerus situatins.
虚拟语气的特殊用法
if nly 句式
If nly I were a superman.
If nly yu had listened t ur advice!
在“It's(high)time(that)...”句型中，从句的谓语动词一般用过去时或“shuld d”形式，shuld不可以省略
It is high time that we tk/shuld take sme measures t slve the prblem.
It is high time that yu gt up/shuld get up.