【高考英语】语法易错点30题精讲练：专题05 介词

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高考英语语法【介词】易错点对点训练30题
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dgs,seven t be exact.
2.I was searching these three western lwland grillas I'd been bserving.
3.This trend,which was started by the medical cmmunity（医学界） a methd f fighting heart disease, has had sme unintended side effects such as verweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical cmmunity was trying t fight.
4.After schl she plans t take a year ff t mdel full-time;befre ging t university t get a degree engineering r architecture.
5.It ran fr just under seven kilmeters and allwed peple t avid terrible crwds n the rads abve as they travelled t and wrk.
II.精选典题介词专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.In many places like Britain and Italy, if yu leave the huse withut yur wallet, yu’ll be a difficult situatin all day.
7.Meanwhile, thse wh are successful and famus have t deal with cnstant media attentin. They are
als huge pressure t appear yung and beautiful.
8.The thery f kung fu is based classical Chinese philsphy(哲学)．
9.The city lked almst the same as it had lked in A.D. 79. There were streets and funtains, huses and shps. There was a stadium 20.000 seats.
10.Nwadays, the develpment f technlgy, nline shpping is becming mre and mre cnvenient.
11.The university is famus utstanding academic achievements and the high quality f research undertaken in a wide range f science and arts subjects.
12.Anther gd reasn reading bks is that it is useful.
13.Yu can als apply a chance t get an infrmal psitin related t yur desired industry.
14.My parents and teachers were surprised my bad perfrmance.
15.My experience has taught me that nly if we attach great imprtance cperatin can we g beynd urselves.
III.精选典题介词专题对点训练·单句改错
16.During the Natinal Day hliday, I paid a visit my grandma in the cuntryside.
17.I believe I will have a wnderful time in this summer.
18.Nwadays, peple in many big cities are cmplaining the heavy traffic.
19.If yu find a psitin at there, I’m sure yu’ll have a rapid imprvement in bth yur character and ability.
20.But the butcher refused and even argued that it wuldn’t d harm fr her health.
IV.精选典题介词专题对点训练·短文语法填空
In the chemistry lab,because 21. the student's carelessness,the tube cracked and the liquid in it caused a fire n the table.Frtunately,he put it ut 22. time at last.
In fact,it is cmmn t have sme small accidents caused 23. carelessness.I used t enjy cking,s I always sught a chance t ck. Hwever,the desire led 24. an accident.
Once I stayed 25. hme alne.I fund it a chance t ck.I put all the fd I needed 26. a pt.Then I had t wait 27. it t bil.In rder t kill the waiting time,I went t watch TV.Only in a few minutes was I fascinated by a wnderful prgramme.It was abut half an hur later that I remembered my fd.
I turned 28. the cker immediately but unfrtunately the fd ran ver 29. the pt,I was blamed and had t clean the kitchen.S we shuld pay attentin 30. everything we are ding
t avid accidents.
一、介词的句法功能
1.作定语
The key t the dr is missing.
2.作状语
Her eyes were tired frm lng reading.
3.作表语
Japan is t the cast f China.
4.作宾语补足语
Make yurself at hme.
二．介词的宾语易错点
名词、代词
Dn't frget t turn ff the lights befre leaving yur classrm.
Dn't hide behind thers.
数 词
There was nly ne piece f cake, but we can cut it int tw.
The students began t shw up by tws and threes.
When we went in,we fund his rm at sixes and sevens.
形容词、副词
Her prnunciatin is far frm perfect. His uncle is frm abrad.
动词-ing形式
I succeeded in passing the driving test.
On arriving in Venice, we knew that it was a city f water.
动词不定式
The plane is abut t take ff.
宾语从句
She gt very angry because f what he had said.
I am thinking f hw I shall d mre fr the peple.
疑问词+
不定式短语
Marx gave us sme advice n hw t learn freign languages.
They are discussing hw t sell the gds elsewhere.
动词原形
His father had nthing t d all day except play cards.
介词短语
The by jumped frm behind the dr. The ball rlled ut frm under the table.
三．介词的省略用法易错点
1.f的省略
The tw girls are(f) the same age.
2.frm的省略
Nbdy can prevent us(frm)getting married. Yu must stp her(frm)telling such lies.
3.in 的省略
He spends nearly half f his mnthly incme(in)buying bks.
He wasted time(in)ding nthing.
4.n的省略
Keep(n)talking amngst yurselves.I'll be back in a minute.
四．常用介词的用法比较集锦
1.表示时间in/after
in十时间段：一般用于将来时
after+时间段：一般用于过去时
He'll be back in a week. 他一周后回来。
He returned after a week. 他一周后回来了。
表示时间
in/n
in表示一段时间
n表示具体某天
He usually ges t schl in the mrning.
He usually stays at hme n Sunday mrning.
表示时间
fr/since/by
fr接时间段，一般用于过去时完成时和将来时
since接时间点，用于完成时
by接时间点，用于完成时
He wrked in that factry fr 20 years.
They have lived here fr 70 years.
She will stay there fr tw hurs.
He has made a lt f friends since he came t China.
We had learned 30 English sngs by the end f last term.
表示地点
in/at
小地方用at
大地方用in.
He arrived in Beijing at nn.
He arrived at a small village befre dark.
表示位置关系
in/n/t
in表示在某范围之内
n表示相邻
t表示范围之外不相邻
Beijing is in the nrth f China. 北京在中国北方。
Krea lies n the east f China. 朝鲜在中国东面。
Japan lcates t the east f China. 日本在中国东面。
表示位置、数目
abve/ver/n
abve 表示在数目，价格，能力等方面“超过······”；在位置方面“在上方”，反义词是 belw.
ver表示数目等“超过······”在位置方面“在正上方”，反义词 under.
n 表示“在·····面上”，反义词beneath.
The ld man must be abve 100.
这位老人一定超过了100岁。
The text is abve me.
这篇课文我理解不了。
He used t wrk in the twer abve the river.
The number f the students in ur schl is ver 3,000. There is a bridge ver the river.
There are sme English bks n the desk.
7.表示穿过/越过acrss/thrugh/ver
acrss 表示“横穿一个平面”
thrugh 表示“在内部穿过去”
ver 表示“在上方越过去”
He can swim acrss the river.
The frest is t thick fr us t g thrugh.
The plane is flying ver the frest.
8. 表示范围
besides/except/
except fr
besides表示“除了······以外，还有”；
except表示“只有······除外”
except fr 一般表示“美中不足”
Besides Tm,we als went t see the film.
(Tm也去了）除了汤姆，我们也去看电影了。
We all went t see the film except Tm.
(Tm 没去）除了汤姆没去，我们都去看电影了。
Yur cmpsitin is gd except fr sme spelling mistakes.
你的作文很好，只有一些拼写错误。
表示范围
between/amng
between 表示“在两者之间”
amng表示“在三者及三者以上之间”
The secret must be kept between the tw f us.
He waved his hand in rder t make himself nticed amng the crwd.
表示朝向
t/at/fr
表示“朝”，“向”时，
t和g, cme, hurry, get等连用
at和 thrw, shut 等连用
fr 和head, leave, set ut，sail连用
She hurried t the plice statin.
她匆忙赶到警察局
Dn't shut at her. It's nt her fault.
不要朝她喊叫，不是她的错。
He is leaving fr Shanghai tmrrw.他明天去上海
11.表示原因的介词(短语)
fr/ because f/ due t/
thanks t/ wing t/
n accunt f/
as a result f
He was shaking with cld.
The girl fell ill frm eating t little.
The pen­air celebratin has been put ff because f the bad weather.
Owing t bad weather, the flight was delayed fr a cuple f hurs.
12表示方式或手段
with/by/in/n
表示使用的工具、手段、材料时，with，by，in，n都译为“用”。
with多指用具体的工具、身体的某部位或器官
by侧重指使用某种方法、手段或乘坐某种交通工具
in指使用某种语言、笔墨等
n 多用于固定短语中用铅
by hand, by means f, in ink, in English
We see with ur eyes.
We are digging with spades(铁锹）。
by air, by car, by bus, by bike , in my car, n the bus
Will yu cme t the cinema with us?
With time passing by, he has becme used t the climate there.
The teacher cmes int the classrm with sme bks in his hand.
He likes t g t bed with the windws pen.
13.表示情感或特征
f +抽象名词
t +情感类名词
be f+ 抽象名词=be +adj.
be f value=be valuable
t ne’s +名词
=t the +名词+f sb
t ne's surprise=t the surprise f sb.
t ne's jy, t ne's regret, t ne's relief,
t ne's disappintment
五.一些常用介词的用法
1.against
He std against the dr. 他靠着门站着。
Are yu fr r against his plan?
你是支持还是反对他的计划？
She saved sme mney against ld age.
她存钱防老。
3.by
It will be raining by the time yu get there.
你到那时可能正在下雨。
He std still by the river fr half an hur.
他一动不动地在河边站了半个小时。
She earned her living by selling newspapers.
她靠卖报为生。
He entered the rm by the back dr.
他是从后门进来的。
They gt paid by the hur.
他们的工资按小时计。
The number f students is larger than last year by 80. 学生数今年比去年多80.
2.beynd
Her father tld her nt t be back beynd 10:00 in the evening.
My hme is just beynd the river.
The bk is far beynd me.
这本书太难了，我看不懂。
4.in
He is dressed in blue tday.
He wrte his letter in English. 他用英语写信。
They talked in a lw vice. 他们低声交谈。
The letter was written in ink. 信是用墨水写的。
5.with
Wuld yu like t g with me?
The little ld man with thick glasses is my first chemistry teacher.
Please write with a pen. 请用钢笔写。
Her face turned red with anger. 她气得满脸通红。
He made rapid prgress with her help.
With these wrds,he went away. 说完他就走了。
六.常用的45个介词短语
1.ut f place, 2.except fr, 3.except that,
4.beynd descriptin, 5.accunt fr,
6.n accunt f, 7.in a way,
8.in particular, 9.in charge,
10.as a result f, 11.in case(f)...,
12.be tired f, 13.be prud f,
14.the answer/key t,15.next t, 16.similar t, 17.due t,18.thanks t,
19.ppular with, 20.abve all,
21n behalf f, 22after all, 23.in terms f, 24.in need f, 25.in favur f,
in return, 27.in shrt, 28.apart frm, 29.instead f，30.regardless f,
31.in detail, 32.in general, 33.n purpse,
34.in place f,35.in search f,
36.fr fear f, 37.in exchange fr,
38.in additin t, 39.in spite f,
40.in vain,41.beynd reach,42.far frm,
43.free frm, 44by the way,45.be fnd f
His speech is perfect except fr prnunciatin.
The park is beautiful beynd descriptin.
The manager had t step dwn n accunt f pr health.
Take yur skates in case yu decide t g skating.
Cathy thught that she had the answer t everything.
It can nt be measured in terms f mney.
He went t Paris in search f wrk as an unskilled laburer.
It became bvius that all her cmplaints were in vain.
The prject had t be abandned due t a lack f gvernment funding.
Yur achievements are smething t be prud f.
On behalf f the department I wuld like t thank yu all.
Develped cuntries, in particular, shuld bear the respnsibility fr envirnmental prblems.
The huse is in need f a thrugh clean.
I wuldn't be in favur f incme tax cuts.
At a clthes swap event the wmen can give away unwanted clthingand get smething different in return.
Nthing else matters t him apart frm his jb.
I shuld have t give up my place in time, fr fear f ding my muscles an injury.
七.分词形式的介词用法易错点
including/cnsidering/ regarding/cncerning/
She writes fr many papers,including the Sunday Times.
She's very active,cnsidering her age.
She has said nthing regarding yur request.
Fr mre infrmatin cncerning the club cntact