外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics同步测试题

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics同步测试题，共15页。
【教材原句】
She culdn’t, hwever, hide the line f sweat running dwn her frehead, which was caused partly by the heat f the televisin studi, but mre by fear f the fur peple seated in frnt f her. (教材P38)
【辨析】
两者都有“坐”的意思，但用法有区别。
seat除了作名词表示“座位”外，也可以做及物动词，意思是“使…坐下；使（多少）人坐得下”。主语可以是人，也可以是地点。
sit意思是“坐”，一般做不及物动词，sit arund的意思是“闲坐着”
【例句呈现】
The ld man seated himself reading a newspaper at a desk.
这位老人坐在桌旁看报纸。
Cme in and please be seated．
请坐进来坐吧。
Our schl auditrium seats ne thusand pupils.
我们学校的礼堂可容纳一千个学生。
His students are seated at their desks ding their hmewrk nw.
现在，学生们坐在桌旁写作业。
She was seated at the head f the table.
她坐在桌子的上座。
The aircraft seats 200 passengers.
这架飞机能坐200名乘客。
He is sitting n the grass f ur garden.
他坐正花园的草地上。
I culd sit and watch the river all day lng.
我可以整天坐在这里看那条河。
I dn't get much exercise sitting in the ffice all day.
我整天坐在办公室很少运动。
He sat taking ntes f everything that was said.
他坐在那儿记下了所说的每一件事。
Six peple, and mre at a pinch, culd be seated cmfrtably at the table.
这张桌子可以很舒服地坐6个人，而且必要时多坐几个也不会挤。
He was cmfrtably seated in a sft reclining chair.
他舒舒服服地坐在柔软的躺椅上。
They were seated at a table utside a pub in a pleasant piazza clse by St Paul's
在圣保罗教堂旁一个怡人的广场上，他们坐在一家酒馆外的桌边。
【考点过关】
根据seat和sit的用法用其适当形式填空
1. Our _______ (supply) were running ut.
2. Teachers prvide a mdel ______ children t imitate.
3. The charity aims ________ (prvide) assistance t peple in need.
4. The cars will _______ (supply) t peple all ver the cuntry.
5. Cws supply us _______ milk.
6. In Britain milk is supplied ______ each huse in bttles.
7. We _______ (ffer, prvide) custmers a free hme delivery service.
8. The statistics ffer further supprt _______ ur thery.
9. We _______ (ffer , supply, prvide) a persnal service t all ur custmers.
10. His cmpany ffers a flexible packaging service _______ the fd industry.
【参考答案】
1. t sit; 2. seat; 3. sitting; 4. seats; 5. seated; 6. t sit; 7. seated; 8. seated; 9. sitting; 10. was seated; 11. was seated; 12. seated; 13. Seated
●which 和as引导定语从句异同
【教材原句】
She culdn’t, hwever, hide the line f sweat running dwn her frehead, which was caused partly by the heat f the televisin studi, but mre by fear f the fur peple seated in frnt f her. (教材P38)
The biggest challenge at the initial phase was t persuade peple t wrk fr me, which was ttally utside my experience. (教材P39)
As is ften the case all ver the wrld with new areas f ecnmic activity, the sharing ecnmy is develping faster than existing regulatins r nging supervisin. (教材P45)
【辨析】
两者都可引导限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句，有时可换用，但用法有一定区别。
which 引导非限定性定语从句
= 1 \* GB3 ①当主句和非限定性定语从句之间有因果关系或出人意料时，关系代词用
which
= 2 \* GB3 ②在非限制性定语从句中，当先行词为整个主句，即指代整个主句内容时，关系词as和which，有时可互换。
= 3 \* GB3 ③ as 引导的非限定性定语从句可以放句首，句中和句尾，而which 引导的非限定性定语从句只能放主句后面。
as 引导定语从句
= 1 \* GB3 ① 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词前有as, such, the same时，关系词一般用as
温馨提示：如果the same…. as…. 结构中的as 换成that, 句子也正确，但是意思发生了变化，表示先行词和定语从句是同一个事物，请观察以下句子。
This is the same cmputer as he bught last week.
这台电脑和他上周买的是一样的。
This is the same cmputer that he bught last week.
这就是他上周买的电脑。
= 2 \* GB3 ②当非限定性定语从句中的谓语是knw, see, tell, shw, expect等时，常用关系词as，这时，as 往往有“像….一样，正如….”的意思。
= 3 \* GB3 ③as is ften the case 引导的非限定性定语从句中，as 不能换成which
【例句呈现】
This is as gd a huse as we can find.
这是我们能找到的好房子。
I have just the same feeling as yu d.
我们和你们感觉的一样。
As he tld us, the meeting went n well.
正如他告诉我们的，会议进展很顺利。
She has been late again, as was expected.
她又迟到了，正如所预料的那样。
The thief came again, as was expected.
小偷有一次来了，这是预料之中的。
All the phts are abut the firefighters, as he shwed us at hme that day.
正如他那天在家里给我们看的那样，所有这些照片都是关于消防战士的。
He tre up my pht, which upset me.
他把我的照片撕掉，这使我很不满。
He is an hnest by, which/as is bvius.
很明显，他是一个诚实的孩子。
As we knw, smking is harmful t ne’s health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
The earth turns arund the sun every day, as is knwn t all.
众所周知，地球每天绕着太阳转。
【考点过关】
根据as 和 which 引导定语从句的用法填空。
The lady desn't like such a yung man ______ ften drinks t much.
This is the same car _______ he lent yu yesterday.
The ld man first jumped int the river t save the child, ______ we can see.
He didn’t cme, _______ I had expected.
He said nthing, _______ made her angry.
She failed in the exam, ______ was natural.
This kind f cmputer, ______ is well-knwn, is ut f date.
The ld prfessr beat his wife that day, ______ was unexpected.
He was late fr schl again, ______ is ften the case.
Taiwan is a part f China, ________ is knwn t all.
【参考答案】
1. as; 2. as/that; 3. as; 4. as; 5. which; 6. which/as; 7. as; 8. which; 9. As; 10. as
●现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
【教材原句】
She culdn’t, hwever, hide the line f sweat running dwn her frehead, which was caused partly by the heat f the televisin studi, but mre by fear f the fur peple seated in frnt f her. (教材P38)
Surrunded by rses as she was grwing up, she paid them little attentin. (教材P38)
Seeing her peers wh als dream f success and independence, Zhang has mixed feeling. (教材P39)
As is ften the case all ver the wrld with new areas f ecnmic activity, the sharing ecnmy is develping faster than existing regulatins r nging supervisin. (教材P45)
【辨析】
两者在作定语时都可以换成相应的定语从句。
过去分词（短语）作定语 表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上是被动关系。如果是单个过去分词,放在被修饰的名词前面, 如果是过去短语则放在被修饰的名词后面。
现在分词（短语）作定语 表示正在进行的或主动的动作。也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征，现在分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系。如果是单个现在分词,放在被修饰的名词前面, 如果是现在短语则放在被修饰的名词后面.
【例句呈现】
China is a develped cuntry.
中国是个发展中国家。
正在城东修建的图书馆下一年将会交付使用。
The library built in the east f the city last year attracts many readers.
去年城东修建的图书馆吸引了很多读者。
There are sme mre events added t the Olympics.
有新的项目已被加到奥运会上。
I dn’t like the cmpsitin written in pencil.
我不喜欢铅笔写的作文。
We saw the rising sun n the tp f the muntain yesterday.
昨天我们在山顶看见了初升的太阳
He tld everyne at the meeting the exciting news.
他把这个令人激动的消息告诉了所有参会的人。
This is really a cnfusing questin fr the peple in the village.
对于这个村子里的人来说，这确实是个令人迷惑的问题。
There are 20 peple wrking fr the prject.
有20人参与这个项目。
The man standing there is ur teacher.
站在那里的那个人是我们的老师。
The library being built in the east f the city will be put int use next year.
正在城东修建的图书馆明年将投入使用。
【考点过关】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1. The flwers ________ (smell) sweet in the btanic garden attract the visitrs t the beauty f nature.
2. Reading is an experience quite different frm watching TV; there are pictures _______ (frm) in yur mind instead f befre yur eyes.
3. The lady said she wuld buy a gift fr her daughter with the ________ (remain) 20 dllars.
4. Linda wrked fr the Minnesta Manufacturing and Mining Cmpany, ______ (knw) as 3M.
5. The picture _______ (hang) n the wall is painted by my nephew.
6. The disc, _________ (recrd) digitally in the studi, sunded fantastic at the party that night.
7. The first textbks fr teaching English _______ (write) as a freign language came ut in the 16th century.
8. The ld farmer, _______ (supprt) the badly-injured and wunded sldier, came ut f the burning huse, calling fr help.
9. -- Oh, it's already a quarter past six. What shall we d at the meeting this evening?
-- Well, g n with the matter _______ (discuss) this afternn.
10. Linda can't attend _______ (hld) the party at Tm's huse at present because she is preparing a speech fr the party _______ (hld) at Marie's huse tmrrw.
11. The ______ (puzzle) situatin made everyne feel _______ (puzzle) abut what t d next.
12. I'd like t apply fr the jb as a sales manger f yur cmpany ______ in China Daily dated August 8.
【参考答案】
1. smelling; 2. frming; 3. remaining; 4. knwn; 5. hanging; 6. recrded; 7. written;
8. supprting; 9. discussed; 10. being held; t be held; 11. puzzling; puzzled;
12. advertised
●vercme；cnquer
【教材原句】
She has vercme a number f bstacles in nursing her business t the success it is tday. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者都有“战胜”的意思，但其含义有一定区别。
vercme 意思是“克服，解决，战胜”，宾语常常是困难、问题、障碍等。
cnquer 意思是“征服，占领，攻占，克服”，宾语常常是国家、民族，自然界的客观事物，如，高山，大海，河流等等。
温馨提示：两者都可指战胜对手，消除或克服差异，克服或战胜心理方面的问题，如，恐惧，悲伤，焦虑等，这时两者可换用。
【例句呈现】
She vercame/cnquered her natural diffidence and spke with great frankness.
她克服了胆怯的毛病，非常坦率地说出了自己的想法。
The tw parties managed t vercme/cnquer their differences n the issue.
两个政党设法弥合了在这个问题上的分歧。
She vercame/cnquered injury t win the Olympic gld medal.
她战胜了伤痛，赢得了奥运会金牌。
She was trying t vercme/cnquer her physical repugnance fr him.
她努力克制对他非常强烈的反感。
In the final game Sweden easily vercame/cnquered France.
在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。
S far, we have managed t vercme all the bstacles that have been placed in ur path.
至此，我们已设法排除了设置在道路上的一切障碍。
Find a way t vercme yur difficulties.
找出办法战胜困难。
I then realized hw pssible it was t vercme/cnquer yur limitatins.
那时我才意识到，人克服自身局限的可能性到底有多大。
Western fficials say the prblem is minr, and shuld be quickly vercme.
西方官员称这个问题并不严重，应该很快就会解决。
I wuld vercme/cnquered any weakness, any despair, any fear.
我要克服所有的软弱、绝望和恐惧。
The Nrmans cnquered England in 1066.
诺尔曼人于1066年征服了英格兰。
Mnt Blanc was cnquered in 1786.
勃朗峰于1786年被征服。
【考点过关】
根据vercme和cnquer用法，用其适当形式填空。
1. The wrld champin ______ yet anther challenger last night.
2. The night befre the test I _______ by fear and despair
3. I ________ my mral scruples at last.
4. They had t _______ frmidable bstacles.
5. During 1936, Musslini _______ Abyssinia
6. Human beings are learning t ______ all kinds f natural disasters.
7. The Spanish _______ the New Wrld in the sixteenth century.
8. S far, we ________ the enemy.
9. When will scientists ________ the stars?
10. The lng-cherished dream f _________ the Huanghe River will becme a reality.
11. Man will ________ nature.
12. Smething gave me the strength __________ the difficulty
13. T succeed, yu must learn ________ bstacles.
14. Early in the eleventh century the whle f England _______ again by the Vikings.
15. In the wake f develpments in science and technlgy, man has becme mre capable f _______ nature.
16. There is always ne thing ________ anther.
【参考答案】
1. cnquered/vercame; 2. was vercme/cnquered; 3. vercame/cnquered; 4. vercme; 5. cnquered; 6. cnquer; 7. cnquered; 8. have cnquered; 9. cnquer; 10. cnquering; 11. cnquer; 12. t vercme; 13. t vercme; 14. was cnquered; 15. cnquering; 16. t cnquer/vercme
●persuade sb. t d sth.; try t persuade sb. t d sth.
【教材原句】
The biggest challenge at the initial phase was t persuade peple t wrk fr me, which was ttally utside my experience. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者都有“劝说”的意思，但用法不同。
persuade sb. t d sth. 意思“说服某人做某事”，相当于persuade sb. int ding sth.和manage t persuade sb. t d sth.,强调肯定的结果，表示劝说成功了。对应的词组是：persuade sb. nt t d sth.= persuade sb. ut f ding sth. 说服某人不做某事。
try t persuade sb. t d sth. 意思是“竭力劝说某人做某事”，不强调结果，也就是说，不一定劝说成功。
【例句呈现】
I finally managed t persuade her t g ut fr a drink with me.
我最后终于想法子说服她跟我出去喝一杯。
Recent infrmatin may persuade the bard t recnsider.
最近得到的信息也许会使董事会重新考虑。
I had a terrible jb t persuade her t cme.
为劝她来，我费尽了口舌。
Yu'll never persuade him t stay ─ his mind's made up.
你根本无法劝他留下来——他已经拿定主意了。
It wasn't easy t persuade her t cme ─ quite the reverse.
说服她过来不容易——实在太难了。
Save yur breath ─ yu'll never persuade her.
不用白费口舌了——你永远说服不了她。
He did his utmst t persuade me nt t g.
他使尽浑身解数劝我别去。
Try t persuade him t cme.
尽量劝他来。
I tried t persuade her t see a dctr.
我极力劝她去看医生。
I failed in my attempt t persuade her.
我未能说服她。
I tried t persuade her t wait but she wasn't having any.
我竭力劝她等一下，可她不肯听。
They tried t persuade me t retract my wrds.
他们试图说服我收回我的话。
At n time did they try t persuade me t suppress the infrmatin
他们从没有试图劝我隐瞒这个消息。
【考点过关】
根据persuade的用法选择括号内的动词填空，并注意其形式， 没有括号的选择适当介词。
1. At n time did they ________ (try/manage) me t suppress the infrmatin, but they failed.
2. I was very happy that I had n difficulty persuading her ______ (leave).
3. Insurance cmpanies ften _______ (try/manage) t persuade yung married men t cver themselves against illness r death.
4. Hw did yu ______ (try/manage) t persuade t persuade him at last?
5. Yu're a clever talker and he'll listen t yu if yu _______ (manage/try) t persuade him.
6. We persuaded her ________ (cnfess) her crime at last.
7. Advertisements ften ______ (manage/try) try t persuade peple t buy things which they dn't really want r need.
8. Hw did yu persuade yur father _______ lending us the mney?
9. I ________ (try/manage) her nt t resign, but t n avail.
10. We'll try t persuade him ________ giving up smking.
11. Nne f us culd persuade him ut ________ lending his mney t that untrustwrthy man.
12. My friend _______ (try/manage) t persuade me int buying insurance fr my sn.
13. We ________ (try/manage) t persuade him nt t g swimming, but in vain.
【参考答案】
1. try t persuade; 2. t leave; 3. try/manage; 4. try t persuade; 5. try; 6. t cnfess; 7. try/manage; 8. int; 9. tried t persuade; 10. int; 11. f; 12. tried/managed; 13. tried
●cntribute; dnate
【教材原句】
What d yu think has cntributed t Zhang Yue’s success? (教材P40)
【辨析】
cntribute普通用词，用义范围广，除了“捐献，捐赠”意思之外，还可表示“贡献，捐献，促进，增加，对….起作用”等意思， cntribute的名词为cntributin.
常构成以下结构：cntribute sth. t….，表示“把…..捐给….；向….投稿”； cntribute t….；表示“对…..做出贡献；对…..起作用；导致”等。
dnate意思是“捐献、捐赠”，用义相对较窄，表示捐赠钱物时可以和cntribute 互换，但是，如果表示捐献人的血液或器官时，只能用dnate, 不能用cntribute，dnate的名词dnatin，常构成dnate sth. t….结构。
【例句呈现】
It was generus f her t dnate/cntribute such a large sum t the relief fund.
她很慷慨，捐了一大笔钱给救济基金会。
There are many warm-hearted peple in ur sciety wh vluntarily t dnate
/cntribute mney t help the disabled.
社会上有许多热心人自愿捐款帮助残疾人。
Yu can't expect a miser like her t dnate/cntribute mney.
你就别指望像他那样的小气鬼能捐钱了。
Many rich peple in the United States dnated/cntributed big sums f mney t universities and clleges.
美国许多富豪给大学捐赠巨款。
They successfully held a cncert and dnated/cntribute the prceeds t charity.
他们成功举办了一次音乐会,把收入捐给了慈善机构。
Many peple shw much cncern fr children's welfare institutin, and cntribute /dnate mney and materials t help the institutins imprve their cnditins.
很多人关心儿童福利院，向儿童福利院捐款捐物帮助改善条件。
It is stipulated that yung peple shuld have the duty t dnate bld n unpaid basis.
据规定年轻人有义务无偿献血。
In his will he vlunteered t dnate his bdy t medical research.
在他的遗嘱里, 他自愿捐献遗体给医学研究
【考点过关】
根据dnate, cntribute 的用法用其适当形式填空
1. He ________ imprtant cultural relics f his wn cllectin t the state last year.
2. He ________ large sums f mney t charity every year.
3. It is mandatry fr bld banks t test all _______ bld fr the virus.
4. _______ time and energy t thers can take yu ut f yurself.
5. The gvernment calls n the yuth t _______ their bld vluntarily.
6. The lcal peple lined up t _______ mney t the earthquake-hit area.
7. As the patient's life hung in the balance, many cmrades ffered t _______ bld.
8. I believe that each f us can ________ t the future f the wrld
9. I was asked t _______ t a newspaper article making predictins fr the new year.
10. S far the gvernment's plicies _________ t the vlatility f the regin.
11. I am sure that this meeting will _______ t the reinfrcement f peace and security all ver the wrld
12. The chas may have _______ t the deaths f up t 20 peple.
【参考答案】
1. dnated/cntributed; 2. dnates/cntributes; 3. dnated; 4. Dnating/Cntributing;
5. dnate; 6. dnate/cntribute; 7. dnate; 8. cntribute; 9. cntribute; 10. cntribute; 11. cntribute; 12. cntributed
●句型have sme/n difficulty/truble/prblems (in) ding sth.和句型have sme/n difficulty/truble/prblems with sth.
【教材原句】
They have n prblem spending a bit mre n Gd Deal prducts, believing that their purchasing f these prducts will help imprve lcal peple’s welfare. (教材P41)
【辨析】
两者意思相近，但用法有区别。
sb. have sme difficulty/truble/prblems (in) ding sth. 意思是“某人在做某事方面有困难/麻烦/问题”，这里的介词in可有可无。
have sme difficulty/truble/prblems with sth. 意思是“某人在做某事方面有困难/麻烦/问题”，这里使用介词with，后面接名词。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①两个句型中，difficulty, truble 必须用单数，prblem用复数。
= 2 \* GB3 ②两个句型中的sme可根据句意换成little, n, much等。
【例句呈现】
I have sme difficulty in understanding my English teacher in class.
我课堂上听不懂英语老师的讲解。
I have sme difficulty in prnuncing sme f the wrds in English.
我发某些单词的音有些困难。
90.8% f glaucma patients have sme difficulty in sleeping. 93.1% f cases have shallw sleeping.
90.8%青光眼病人存在入睡困难，93.1%病人睡眠不深。
But during the daily teaching, teachers have sme difficulty in teaching and s d students in learning, which makes teaching and learning mre difficult.
但在实际教学中，却也出现了不少问题，使得部分教师教学和学生学习存在困难。
I have sme difficulty in dealing with the abstract-let's get dwn t sme particulars.
我考虑抽象概念有些困难，让我们处理一些具体事情吧。
One persn may have n difficulty with language develpment.
有的人可能有语言开发的困难。
Mst f the girls have much difficulty with their families.
所以绝大多数的女孩都会与家庭关系紧张。
Yu may have sme difficulty with this bk at first, but yu'll find it much easier as yu g alng.
开始时你或许会觉得这本书难读，但过些时候你便会觉得容易得多。
I have sme truble with the carburetr. The salesman fbbed the lady ff with a faulty machine.
推销员把一部有毛病的机器冒充正品卖给了那位女士。
I have sme truble in reading her handwriting.
我认她的笔迹有些困难。
We have sme truble in spelling.
我们在拼写方面有困难。
He has sme prblems with his wrk in Canada, I'm afraid.
恐怕他在加拿大那边的事出问题啦。
Thelma& Luise Luise is wrking in a diner as a waitress and has sme prblems with her byfriend Jimmy, wh, as a musician, is always n the rad.
路易丝是咖啡馆的服务生，她的男朋友杰米是个搞音乐的，经常在外演出，两人有点矛盾。
Levant thinks that Steinbeck has sme prblems in grasping the structure and materials.
这位评论家认为斯坦贝克在掌握结构与素材上仍有不足。
【考点过关】
请根据句型have sme difficulty/truble/prblems (in) ding sth.和句型have sme difficulty/truble/prblems with sth.的用法填空
1. He is likely t have sme truble _______ it, but he shuldn't be cmpletely in the dark abut it.
2. As I have sme truble _______ my leg, I can't mve arund easily, nr can I sit t lng.
3. I have sme difficulty in _______ (answer) the questin.
4. His business has faced difficulty _______ debt.
5. I have sme truble in _______ (prnunce) this sund.
6. She has n difficulty _______ Italian.
7. He has sme difficulty in ________ (give) shape t his ideas.
8. She has difficulty ________ English prnunciatin.
9. He has sme truble _______ (wrk) ut the prblem, I think.
10. He has difficulty _________ (adjust) t grup living.
11. He has sme prblems ________ the language.
12. Children with autism have difficulty ______ scial skills and cmmunicatin.
13. He has difficulty in ________ (identify) with the cause f the disease.
14. He has sme prblems ________ his teeth.
15. Yu shuldn't have much difficulty _______ yur persnal data files.
16. She has difficulty ________ (learn) English, hwever, she wrks hard and is making rapid prgress.
17. I have difficulty cmmunicating _______ a stubbrn man like him.
18. This article has discussed sme prblems in _______ (adjust) t the new requirements.
【参考答案】
1. with; 2. with; 3. answering; 4. with; 5. prnuncing; 6. with; 7. giving; 8. with; 9. wrking; 10. adjusting; 11. with; 12. with; 13. identifying; 14. with; 15. with; 16. learning; 17. with; 18. adjusting