高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown当堂检测题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown当堂检测题，共13页。
【教材原句】
Based n this, he believed he had sprted an unknwn Maya city buried deep in the jungle. (教材P50)
【辨析】
两者都有“深地”意思，但是用法有区别。
deep 做副词时，意思是“深地”，指实际深度，可以测量出具体深度，常用来修饰实义动词, 常与int或belw搭配。常见词组有：deep dwn在内心深处, 实际上；g/run deep强烈；深厚；深入内心；dig deep (int sth) 探究；搜集；细查；dig deep fr sb. 尽力为某人提供；deep int the night深夜；
deeply 意思是“深深地；极其；强烈地；深沉地”，强调程度，不表示实际深度。
常见词组有：sleep deeply 沉睡；breathe deeply深呼吸；think deeply abut sth.认真思考某事。
【例句呈现】
My mindless wrds must have hurt him deeply.
我那些无心的话一定深深伤害了他。
We were deeply mved by her plight.
她的困境深深地打动了我们。
He inhaled deeply n anther cigarette.
他又点了一根烟深深地吸了一口。
She had thught very deeply abut this prblem.
她曾经对这个问题深深思考过。
They were deeply affected by the news f her death.
她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已。
She was deeply invlved with the lcal hspital.
她曾全心投入当地医院。
The Siux are frced deep int the Black Hills.
苏族被迫转移至黑山深处
They dug deep dwn int the earth.
他们挖至地层深处。
A farmer fund sme bnes buried deep beneath the grund.
一位农民发现了一些深埋地下的尸骨。
He suspected that deep dwn, she admired him fr having the gumptin t disagree with her.
他认为，在内心深处她十分佩服他有勇气和她唱反调。
Deep dwn I still lved him.
我在内心深处仍然爱着他。
He seems cnfident but deep dwn he's quite insecure.
他好像很有信心，实际上却没什么把握。
Dignity and pride run deep in this cmmunity.
尊严和自豪已深深扎根于这个群体之中。
Yu'll need t dig deep int the recrds t find the figures yu want.
你必须仔细查阅档案才能找到你需要的数字。
【考点过关】
用deep, deeply填空
1. They had t dig very ________ in rder t find the treasure.
2. I didn't realize but he was ________ unhappy at that time.
3. We're asking yu t dig ________ fr the earthquake victims.
4. The President is ________ cncerned abut this issue.
5. We knew _________ dwn that we culd d it
6. She felt her mther's death very ________.
7. Smewhere ________ beneath the surface lay a caring character
8. Opinin is _________ divided n this issue.
9. Minerals are ften fund _______ in the grund.
10. His prblems are _______ rted in his childhd experiences.
11. While ________ in the frest in a wdcutter's cttage，there lived an ld man.
12. His cmments were _______ ffensive t a large number f single mthers.
13. She went _______ int the wds.
14. She was ________ ashamed f her behavir at the party.
15. I kept reassuring them but ________ in my heart I knew we had n hpe
16. We were ________ saddened by the news f her death.
【参考答案】
1. deep; 2. deeply; 3. deep; 4. deeply; 5. deep; 6. deeply; 7. deep; 8. deeply; 9. deep; 10. deeply; 11. deep; 12. deeply; 13. deep; 14. deeply; 15. deep; 16. deeply
●include; cntain
【教材原句】
The Maya built impressive palaces and temples, including their representative step pyramids. (教材P50)
It cntained mre than 800 characters, with sme signs representing animals, peple and bjects and thers representing syllables. (教材P50)
This is likely t have led t a series f drughts, each lasting fr a cuple f years, including a “megadrught” arund 900 AD. (教材P51)
These may smetimes include whle cities buried beneath the waves. (教材P56)
Ancient civilizatins appeared n the parallel, including Babyln, with its famus twer; Egypt, with its pyramids; China, with its Sanxingdui culture, etc. (教材P59)
This creats amazing natural features, including Munt Qmlangma, the Dead Sea, and rivers, such the Nile, the Mississippi and the Yangtze. (教材P59)
【辨析】
两者都有“包含”的意思，但有一定区别。
include 表示“包括，包含，包括….在内”，强调被包括者是整体的一部分。include后面接名词，代词或动名词；被包括部分放在include 后面时，include 用-ing形式，放在前面时，include 用-ed形式
cntain 表示“包含，含有，装有，容纳”，强调“内含（….成分），装有（….东西）”。
【例句呈现】
Yur duties will include setting up a new cmputer system.
你的职责将包括建立一个新的计算机系统.
I've gt three days' hliday including New Year's Day.
包括元旦在内我有三天假。
The mvie wn nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
这部电影荣获九项奥斯卡金像奖，包括最佳影片奖。
Htel accmmdatin is included in the price f yur hliday.
你度假的价款包括旅馆住宿在内。
Six peple were killed in the rit, including a pliceman.
暴乱中有六人死亡，包括一名警察。
We all went, me included.
我们都去了，连我在内。
The cmmittee includes representatives frm industry.
这个委员会包括产业界的代表。
Lcal activities include walking, bating and glf.
当地的活动包括散步、划船以及打高尔夫球。
The bx cntains ld phtgraphs and suvenirs.
那盒子里放有旧照片和纪念品。
It cntains a pwerful drug which affects msquites.
它含有一种可以防止蚊虫叮咬的强效药物。
The bttle cntains tw glasses f beer.
这瓶子可装两杯啤酒。
The pill cntains vitamins.
这药丸中含有多种维生素。
【考点过关】
根据include, cntain 的用法用其适当形式填空
1. It was fund that her bld _______ pisn.
2. The city has dzens f factries, _______ a pwer plant and a steelwrks.
3. This drink desn't ________ any alchl.
4. Six students were playing table tennis, tw girls ________.
5. Their diet ________ a lt f fat at present.
6. I ________ apples n the list f things t buy tday.
7. Hw much water des this bttle ________?
8. We all knw that this bk _________ ten shrt stries.
9. Sea water _________ plenty f salt.
10. My uncle has a lt f duties, _________ taking care f these children.
【参考答案】
1. cntained; 2. including; 3. cntain; 4. included; 5. cntains; 6. include; 7. cntain; 8. includes; 9. cntains; 10. including
●remain; stay
【教材原句】
Why Maya civilizatin cllapse remains a mystery. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“（系动词）保持，仍然是；停留”的意思，这时两者可以换用，但其它意义和用法有区别。
remain 意思是“保持，仍然是；遗留，剩下；停留，逗留；留待，尚待”，常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ①remain + adj. = stay + adj. 保持….
= 2 \* GB3 ②remain + n = stay + n 仍然是…..
= 3 \* GB3 ③remain + prep. + 地点 = stay + prep. + 地点 待在某地，但是，可以说stay (at) hme，不能说remain at hme, 只能用remain hme，去掉at, 两词组可换用。
= 4 \* GB3 ④sth. remain t be dne 某事尚待做
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤it remain t be seen + wh-从句 …..有待观察/看/尚待定论
= 6 \* GB3 ⑥there remains ….尚有…..
remain 可以做名词，意思是“遗迹，残留物”
stay 意思是“保持，仍然是；停留，逗留；留宿，暂住”，常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ①stay fr dinner 留下来吃饭
= 2 \* GB3 ②stay at hme 待在家里
= 3 \* GB3 ③stay at/in a htel 住旅馆
= 4 \* GB3 ④stay the night = stay vernight = stay ver 过夜
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤stay away 走开，不打扰
= 6 \* GB3 ⑥stay in = stay (at) hme待在家里，不外出
= 7 \* GB3 ⑦stay n 留下来继续（工作，学习）
= 8 \* GB3 ⑧stay ut 待在户外，不回家
= 9 \* GB3 ⑨stay ut f…. 避开，远离，不介入
= 10 \* GB3 ⑩stay up 熬夜
stay 也可以作名词，表示“停留，暂住”等。
【例句呈现】
Mst f the huse remains intact even after tw hundred years.
虽然过了两百年，这房子的大部分还保持完好。
The temperature remained cnstant while pressure was a variable in the experiment.
做这实验时温度保持不变，但压力可变。
It remains t be seen whether his prject will fly.
他的计划能否成功尚需拭目以待。
The disease ften remains undetected fr many years.
这种疾病经常潜伏多年而不被察觉。
There remains the prblem f finance.
财政问题仍然存在。
It remains t be seen whether r nt this idea can be put int practice.
这一想法能否付诸实践还有待于观察。
We went n t Paris and stayed/remained there eleven days.
我们接着去了巴黎，在那里停留了十一天。
We stayed/remained in a village where time has std still.
我们待在一个时间似乎凝滞了的村子里。
She stayed at hme, afraid t shw her face.
她待在家里，不敢露面。
We stayed up all night, setting the wrld t rights.
我们一夜没睡，谈论着如何拯救世界。
I want yu t stay away frm my daughter.
我要你离我女儿远远的。
His parents wn't allw him t stay ut late.
他的父母不会允许他在外待得很晚。
【考点过关】
用remain, stay的适当形式填空
1. She _______ hme while the children were yung.
2. I went t Ningxia and _______ there fr ne year.
3. We prmised ________ friends fr ever.
4. We must ________ cmpetitive in the cmpetitive sciety.
5. I ________ n the jb fr five mnths when they left.
6. Birds’ singing is smetimes a warning t ther birds _______ away.
7. Yu shuld leave thse naughty bys _______ ut f truble.
8. Last mnth, Tm wrte tw articles during his shrt _______ in hspital.
9. S far many f his sngs _______ ppular.
10. We were tld ________ in ur seats meanwhile with ur seat belts fastened.
11. I never see what has been dne; I nly see what_______ t be dne.
12. It ________ t be seen whether yu are right.
13. There ________ ne significant prblem nw.
14. Please _______ calm when yu meet with sme difficulties.
15. Yu shuld ________ quiet when smene is making a speech.
【参考答案】
1. stayed/remained; 2. stayed/remained; 3. t stay/remain; 4. stay/remain; 5. Stayed; 6. t stay; 7. t stay; 8. stay; 9. have remained/stayed; 10. t remain/stay; 11. remains; 12. remains; 13. remains; 14. remain/stay; 15. stay/remain
●lead t; cause (vt)
【教材原句】
This is likely t have led t a series f drughts, each lasting fr a cuple f years, including a “megadrught” arund 900 AD. (教材P51)
These drughts wuld have led t fd shrtages, cnflicts and, ultimately, the dwnfall f the cities. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“导致，引起”的意思，在这种意思前提下，一般可以互换，但是在其它意思上有一定区别。
lead t …. 意思是“导致，引起；通向”，导致的后果可好可坏也可以是中性的，t 是介词，后面一般接名词。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①lead sb./sth. t d sth. 引起某人/某物做某事
= 2 \* GB3 ②lead sb./sth. t/int + 地点 把某人/某物领到某地/进入某地
cause 意思是“导致，引起”，一般导致的是坏的结果。也可以构成词组cause sb./sth. t d sth. 意思是“引起/导致某人或某物做某事”。
温馨提示：指坏的结果时，两者可以互换；做“通向” 讲时，不可互换。
【例句呈现】
He has warned that the serius rifts within the cuntry culd lead t civil war.
他已经发出了警告，国家内部严重的不和可能会引发内战。
Straining t lift heavy weights can lead t a rise in bld pressure.
用力提重物会导致血压升高。
He agreed that these plicies will lead t gridlck in the future.
他认为这些政策将来会导致僵局。
Tampering with a single enzyme can lead t untward effects elsewhere.
破坏一种酶可能会导致在别处出现异常。
There are recgnized black spts in marriages which can lead t truble
婚姻中有一些公认的容易引发问题的雷区。
S head nrthwest until yu find a river which shuld lead t the cast.
一直向西北方向走，直到你发现一条小河，这条小河通向海岸。
Repairs and imprvements can lead t higher rental rates.
修缮后可以提高租价。
Fire has caused severe damage t the cntents f the building.
大火导致那栋大楼里的东西严重损毁。
A cmbinatin f internal and external factrs caused the cmpany t clse dwn.
内外因结合导致了公司的倒闭。
The drug may cause an aggravatin f the cnditin.
这种药可能导致病情恶化。
The disease can cause sterility in men and wmen.
这种疾病可能导致男女不育。
Heavy snw has caused ttal chas n the rads.
大雪导致道路上交通一片混乱。
Anxiety can be caused by lack f sleep.
睡眠不足可能导致焦虑。
Researchers are still trying t islate the gene that causes this abnrmality.
研究人员仍然在试图分离导致这种畸形的基因。
【考点过关】
根据lead t和cause的用法, 用其适当形式填空
1. A faulty cnnectin _______ the machine t stp that day.
2. If yu string these experiences tgether, yu can find a new life rad will ______ yur future.
3. The pr harvest ________ prices t rise sharply during thse days.
4. He still believed that hnesty and industry wuld ______ success.
5. Vitamin deficiency in the diet can ________ illness.
6. Excuse me, des this rad _______ the railway statin?
7. Heavy seas can _______ cancellatin f ferry services.
8. There were fears that privatizatin wuld _______ jb lsses.
9. Defeat culd _______ ne side t escalate the cnflict.
10. Abuse can _______ bth psychlgical and emtinal prblems.
11. Strng cffee r tea late at night may _______ sleeplessness
12. A pr diet will ultimately ________ illness.
13. Generally, a lack f magnesium _______ muscles t g int spasm.
14. Excessive drinking can ________ stmach disrders.
15. In its present frm, the law culd _______ new injustices.
【参考答案】
1. caused; 2. lead t; 3. caused; 4. lead t; 5. lead t/cause; 6. lead t; 7. lead t/cause; 8. cause/lead t; 9. cause; 10. cause/lead t; 11. lead t/cause; 12. cause/lead t; 13. causes; 14. cause/lead t; 15. cause/lead t
●whatever…, n matter what…
【教材原句】
Whatever the reasns, Maya civilizatin largely disappeared within the deep jungle. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“无论什么，不管什么”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法有区别。
whatever…. 既可以引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。
n matter what… 只能引导让步状语从句，此时可以和whenever互换。
温馨提示：whenever/n matter when; wherever/n matter where; whichever/n matter which; whever/n matter wh; hwever/n matter hw的用法与whatever/n mater what的用法基本相同。
【例句呈现】
Whatever/n matter what system yu chse, it must be run in prperly.
不管你选择什么样的体系，都必须经过适当的磨合。
The United States will d whatever it can t help Greece
美国将竭尽所能帮助希腊。
Whenever/n matter when yu mve t a new area, yu shuld lcate the fire alarm pull statins and the tw exits nearest yur rm.
无论何时你搬到一个新的地方, 你都应该找到火警报警站和离你房间最近的两个出口。
Whenever they g abrad depends n the passprts.
不管他们什么时候出国，都要取决于签证。
Hwever/n matter hw yu lk at it, it's ging t cst a lt.
不管你怎么看，它都要花很多钱。
She has the windw pen, hwever/n matter hw cld it is utside.
不管外面多冷她都开着窗户。
Hwever g there is a matter.
无论如何去那里都是个问题。
He hired himself ut t whever needed his services.
他以前从事临时服务业。
Cme ut f there, whever/n matter hw yu are.
不管你是谁，从那里出来吧。
A media circus surrunded the ryal cuple wherever/n matter where they went.
无论王室夫妇走到何处，他们的身后都会跟着一大群媒体记者。
Wherever he ges is unimprtant.
不管他去哪里都不重要。
The situatin is an awkward ne, whichever/n matter which way yu lk at it.
无论从哪一方面看，这个局面都很尴尬。
Whichever/n matter which they chse, we must accept their decisin.
无论他们如何选择，我们都必须接受他们的决定。
Just be sure t be aware f the safety regulatins in whichever cuntry yu happen t be buying yur eggs in.
你只需要留意你要买鸡蛋的那个国家的食品安全规定就行。
【考点过关】
用whenever/n matter when; whatever/n mater what; wherever/n matter where; whichever/n matter which; whever/n matter wh; hwever/n matter hw填空
1. ________ yu cme here, please call me first.
2. I dn't care _______ they will cme frm.
3. _______ he has put these bks is unimprtant.
4. ________ a prblem arrives, d three things – face it, fight it and finish it.
5. _______ yu start, it is imprtant that yu d nt stp after starting.
6. _______ happens, I'll always be there fr yu.
7. _______ ges there, we’ll agree.
8. ______ they are, they will be helpful.
9. _______ yu d, try yur best.
10. We'll try ur best t d _______ is right.
11. _______ is wrth ding is wrth ding well.
12. ________ wants t speak t me n the phne, tell them I'm busy.
13. _______ des best will get the prize.
14. _______ they select, we will disagree.
【参考答案】
1. N matter when/Whenever; 2. wherever; 3. Wherever; 4. Whenever/N matter when; 5. N matter when/hw/Whenever/Hwever; 6. N matter what/Whatever; 7. Whever/N matter wh; 8. Wherever/N matter where; 9. Whatever/N matter what; 10. whatever; 11. Whatever; 12. Whever/ N matter wh; 13. Whever; 14. N matter which/Whichever
●especially; specially
【教材原句】
Scientists have been cnducting research in rder t seek greater understanding f the brain, especially since the 1950s. (教材P55)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法不同。
especially副词，意思是 “尤其；特别；格外地”，往往用来对前面所述情况进行说明或补充，不强调目的性，只强调超乎寻常，通常用来修饰名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或者是句子。
specially副词，意思是“专门地；特意地；特别地”，强调目的的唯一性，暗含“，只是为了…而不为别的”。一般修饰动词或介词短语。
温馨提示：especially和specially一般不换用，但是especially可以和particularly通用。
【例句呈现】
We are especially encuraged by the strng representatin, this year, f wmen in infrmatin technlgy disciplines
今年，女性在信息技术领域的突出表现尤其让我们备受鼓舞。
She was especially fnd f a little girl named Betsy.
她尤其偏爱一个名叫贝齐的小女孩。
Millins f wild flwers clr the valleys, especially in April and May
尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。
Under all the inncent fun, there are hidden dangers, especially fr children
在所有简单无害的娱乐项目背后都隐藏着危险，特别是对儿童而言。
Re-apply sunscreen every tw hurs, especially if yu have been swimming.
每两个小时重新涂一次防晒油，尤其是在游泳的时候。
The cmmittee is cncerned abut players' behavir, especially arguing with referees
委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。
Many wmen, especially as they get lder, develp lumpy veins in their legs.
许多妇女，尤其是年纪大了以后，腿上会现出疙疙瘩瘩的青筋。
The ring was specially made fr her.
这枚戒指是为她订做的。
Mst f these tls have been specially adapted fr use by disabled peple.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
The play was written specially fr radi.
这出戏是专为无线电广播而写的。
The cmpst is specially frmulated fr pt plants.
此混合肥料专门用于盆栽植物。
They thught he had escaped thrugh a specially cnstructed tunnel.
他们认为他是通过一条专门修建的地道逃跑的。
Patrick needs t use specially adapted cmputer equipment
帕特里克需要使用专门改装过的计算机设备。
We came specially t learn frm yu.
我们是特地来向您学习的。
【考点过关】
用especially, specially填空
1. I made this _______ fr yur birthday.
2. Their main exprts are textiles, _______ silk and cttn.
3. She came t Lndn ________ t see Buckingham Palace.
4. We are nt _______ interested in watching mvies.
5. Yu can brrw my laptp fr yu exam, and yu dn’t need t buy ne ______.
6. She was _______ fnd f cllecting stamps.
7. The smart-phne is ________ designed fr sftware prfessinals.
8. It’s __________ ht tday.
9. Patrick needs t use _______ adapted cmputer equipment.
10. Millins f wild flwers clr the valleys, ________ in April and May.
11. He came here _________ t say srry t her.
12. He likes all subjects, _________ English.
13. He returned t her hmetwn _________ t see her sick mther
14. These bks will be __________ helpful t thse wh wish t imprve their English.
15. I came here __________ t ask fr yur advice.
16. The Great Wall had been added t, __________ during the Ming Dynasty.
【参考答案】
1. specially; 2. especially; 3. specially; 4. especially; 5. specially; 6. especially; 7. specially; 8. especially; 9. specially; 10. especially; 11. specially; 12. especially; 13. specially; 14. especially; 15. specially; 16. especially