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人教版八年级英语上册单元速记·巧练Unit9【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)
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这是一份人教版八年级英语上册单元速记·巧练Unit9【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)，共38页。
Unit 9 Can you come to my party?考点1 prepare for[教材原句] I have to prepare for an exam.我必须准备一场考试。prepare for 为……做准备They are preparing for the math test. 他们正忙为数学考试做准备。【拓展】prepare的其他用法（1）作为及物动词，其后接双宾语。即prepare sb. sth.= prepare sth. for sb., 意为“为某人准备某物”。其后也可接动词不定式作宾语，即prepare to do sth. 意为“准备做某事”。 The hostess prepared much food for the guests. 女主人为客人们准备了大量的食物。 We prepared to set out when it began to rain heavily. 我们正准备出发时，突然下起了大雨。(2)作为不及物动词，意为“准备”，常用于prepare for sth., 意为“为……做准备”。 We are preparing for the coming exams. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。（3）其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备；预备”。You can’t make great progress in your study without good preparation.不好好准备，你就不可能在学习方面取得巨大进步。【经典练】1．—The classroom is so quiet.—Yes, all the students _______ for the final exam.A．prepare B．prepared C．will prepare D．are preparing2.—I can’t find David. Where is he?—He __________for tomorrow’s competitions at home.A. prepares B. is preparing C. has prepared D. prepared【写作佳句】1.They bought some food and drinks to prepare for the party.他们买了一些食物和饮料来为聚会做准备。2.Her parents were busy preparing to go on holiday，她的父母正在忙着准备去度假。考点2 hang outhang out是动副结构的短语，意为“闲逛”。例如：I hung out with my friends and took lots of photos. 我和朋友们一起闲逛，还拍了许多照片。【拓展】 hang的其他搭配：hang about=hang around 闲逛，徘徊，逗留；hang up挂断（电话）； hang on不挂断； hang意为“逗留，悬挂”时，过去式和过去分词都是hung；hang还有“吊死，绞死”的意思，但当hang意为“吊死，绞死”时，其过去式和过去分词都是hanged。例如：Thick clouds hung low and covered the sky.厚厚的云低悬着，遮住了整个天空。He was hanged at Landsberg prison on June 8, 1951.他与1951年6月9日在兰茨贝格监狱被绞死。【经典练】1. Jack, can you _____ with us at the City Park this Sunday?A. hang in B. come out C. hang out D. come on【写作佳句】He hung a rope on a tree and hanged himself.他在树上挂了一根绳子，然后上吊自杀。考点3 until conj.&prep.到...时;直到....为止教材原句：Oh,but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.哦,但是萨姆要一直呆到下周三才走。常见用法①教材原句中的until用作介词,后面可以跟表示时间的名词(短语)作宾语。. until..意为"直到..才.....”.The ticket is valid until March.这张票的有效期一直到3月份。They wont come until next month.他们下个月才来。②until还可以作连词,后跟时间状语从句。当主句为肯定句时,表示主句的动词一直持续到从句动作发生时,这时主句的动词必须是持续性动词,比如wait, last, stay,work等。当主句为否定句时,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生后才发生,意为"直到........,这时主句的动词应是短暂性动词。Hen waited until she finished speaking.他一直等到她说完。She wont go home until it is dark,她直到天黑才会回家。【经典练】1． I_____ go home ______the concert was over.A．didn’t; until B．wasn’t; till C．don’t; until D．won’t; till【写作佳句】The plane won't take off until the thick clouds move away.直到厚厚的云移开飞机才会起飞。考点4 catch v.比及时赶上;接住;抓住教材原句：Catch you on Monday!周一见!常见用法 catch作动词时,其过去式为caught,其后可直[接跟人或物作宾语,即catch sb./sth.;也可以搭配不同的宾语,构成意思不同的短语。口语中catch/see you (later)意为"再见"。I threw a ball to her and she caught it.我向她扔了一个球,她接住了。联想拓展含有catch的常见短语:①catch a cold 患感②catch a bus/train/plane 赶上公共汽车/火车/飞机③catcth hold of抓住④catcth up with sb.赶上某人⑤catch one's eye吸引某人的注意⑥be caught in sth.处于困境.He had to work hard to catch up with the others，他不得不努力工作以赶上其他人。 A newspaper headline caught his eye.报纸上的一个标题吸引了他的注意。【经典练】1．Don’t ________ the chance when you can catch it, or you will regret.A．guess B．miss C．remember D．allow【写作佳句】Now he's studying hard to catch up with his classmates.现在他正在努力学习以赶上他的同班同学。考点5 inviteinvite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事invite sb. to a place 邀请某人去某地例：He invited Mary to have dinner. 他邀请玛丽吃晚餐。【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation“邀请函；请帖”，常与介词to连用。例：Jane received an invitation to a party just now. 刚才简收到了一个聚会邀请函。invite 的用法和延伸其他动词不定式作宾语的结构 Unit9核心话题邀请重点词汇1.prepare 2.exam 3.flu 4.available 5.hang 6.until 7.catch 8.invite 9.accept 10.refuse 11.weekday 12.invitation 13.reply 14.forward 15.delete 16.sad 17.goodbye 18.glad 19.preparation 20.glue 21.without 22.surprised 23.opening 24.concert 25.headmaster 26.event 重点短语1. have to 2. prepare for 3. come to the party 4. meet my friend 5. too much homework 6. go to the movies 7. another time 8. last fall 9. hang out 10. after school 11. on the weekend=on weekends 12. study for a test 13. visit grandparents 14. the day before yesterday 15. the day after tomorrow 16. have a piano lesson 17. look after 18. make an invitation 19. accept an invitation 20. turn down /refuse an invitation 21. take a trip to Wuhan 22. at the end of this month 23. look forward to 重点句型1. —Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?—Sure, I’d love to. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to prepare for an exam.2. I’m not available. = I’m not free.我没空。3. I’m sad to see her go, and this party is the best way to say “Thank you and goodbye.”4. Are you free to come to my place on Saturday?5. Would you like to come to my birthday party?6. As I’m sure you know by now…7. Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.8. I look forward to hearing from you.语法情态动词can的用法写作邀请他人参加聚会或活动或回复他人的邀请信want sb to do sth. tell sb to do sth.expect sb to do sth. ask sb to do sth.wish sb to do sth. encourage sb to do sth.send sb to do sth. advise sb. to do sth.【经典练】1. —I will have a party this weekend. Could you please help me write some ______?—Sure. Who are you going to invite?A. invitations B. concerts C. calendars D. events【写作佳句】I invited her to sing together, but she didn’t agree.我邀请她一起唱歌，但是她不同意。考点6 accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物receive词性及物动词，此句中意为“接待；招待”。receive还可表示“接到；收到”，与get同义，其后可接介词from. / They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the guest.他们非常高兴有机会接待这位贵宾。 I received a letter from my mother.我收到母亲的一封来信。辨析：receive与accept I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it. 昨天我收到了他的聚会请束，但我拒绝接受。【经典练】1. —Has Lucy ________ my invitation?—Yes, she has. But she can't ________ it because she will have to look after her grandpa that day.A. received; receive B. accepted; accept C. received; accept D. accepted; receive【写作佳句】He received a present from his friend yesterday, and he accepted it gladly.他昨天收到朋友送的礼物，很高兴地接受了。考点7 replyreply既可作不及物动词，又可作及物动词，还可作名词。（1）作不及物动词，意为“回答”，可用“reply to(sb. /sth. )”表示“对……做出回答”。例如：He failed to reply to my question. 他没能回答我的问题。What did he do in reply to your challenge? 你提出与他较量，他做何反应?（2）作及物动词时，其意为“回答，回答说”。例如：He replied that this was absolutely impossible.他回复说这是绝对不可能的。She sighed, but didn’t reply. 她叹了口气，没有回答。（3）作名词时，意思为“答道，答复”。例如：A few weeks later I received a reply.几个星期后，我收到了她的回信。I called out a challenge, but there was no reply.我提出挑战，但是没人回应。【经典练】1. I get so many e－mails every day that I have no time to________ to each of them.A. answer B. accept C. reply D. print【写作佳句】Jack didn’t reply to my question right away. He said he needed to think about it. Jack没有立刻回复我的问题。他说他需要思考一下。reply to意为“回复”。考点8 withoutwithout是介词，意为“无，没有”，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。without构成的介词短语具有否定含义，在句中相当于构成了否定句。例如： I can’t do it without your help. 没有你的帮助，我不能做这件事。 He went to school this morning without having breakfast. 他今天早上没吃早饭就去上学了。【拓展】 without的反义词是with，表示“拥有，带有”。例如：She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination.她是个充满活力的年轻女性，富有忍耐力和想象力。Mr. Brown bought a garden with a beautiful lake. 布朗先生买了一个带有漂亮湖泊的花园。【经典练】1. ________ water, fish won't survive.A. With B. Without C. In D. Out【写作佳句】You’d better not hang out after school without telling your parents. They may worry about you. 在没有告知你父母的情况下你最好不要放学以后闲逛。考点9 surprisedsurprised 是形容词，意为“吃惊的，感到惊讶的”，句子的主语通常是人。例如：I’m surprised at the accident. 我对这起事故感到很吃惊。How surprised the students are! 学生们是多么吃惊啊！【拓展】（1）surprising也是形容词，意为“吃惊的，令人惊讶的”，常修饰物。例如：He told me something surprising. 他告诉我一些令人吃惊的事情。(2) surprise作动词时，意为“使……惊奇，使……感到意外、吃惊”。例如： What surprised you? 什么事使你感到意外？（3) surprise作名词时，意为“吃惊，惊讶”。这种吃惊可能包含着“高兴、害怕或忧虑”。例如： He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大感意外。（4）作名词用时还可构成短语： to one’s surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是……”。 in surprise意为“吃惊地”。 例如： To my surprise, he passed the exam. 使我吃惊是，他竟然通过了考试。 He looked at me in surprise. 他吃惊地望着我。【经典练】1. ______ his surprise, his teammates all nodded ______ agreement.A. To, to B. For, with C. To, in D. With, with【写作佳句】We’re surprised at the surprising news. 对这个令人吃惊的消息我们感到诧异。考点10 available（1）available作形容词，意为“现成可使用的，可获得的，便利的，有效的”。例如： I'll send you all the books available. 我将把我能得到的书给你寄去。My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired.我的自行车现在不能用, 因为正在修理。The season ticket is available for three months. 季票有效期为三个月。（2）available还表示“可会见的,可取得联系的”。例如： The doctor is not available now. 医生现在没空。He was not always available to everyone. 并不是人人总能找到他。【经典练】1. Jane, I ’d love to go to your house, but I’m not _______.I must practice the piano.A. available B. busy C. healthy D. outgoing【写作佳句】We have a room available for this weekend。这个周末我们有空房间。考点11 too many, too much和 much too too many 意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数 例：There are too many people here. too much 意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词和动词例：Too much work is bad for you. much too 意为“实在太...”，修饰形容词或副词例：His new car was much too expensive. 【经典练】1.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat. A. too much; much too B. much too; too muchC. too many; too much D. too much; too many 【写作佳句】1.I can’t go to your party, because I have too much homework to do today. 我不能去晚会，因为今天我有太多作业。2.The boy was much too hungry and he ate too much bread那个男孩太饿了，他吃了太多的面包。考点12 cancan是最常用的情态动词，其后接动词原形，否定形式为can’t。用法如下：(1) can表示有能力做或能够发生，有“能，会”的意思。例如： I can run fast. 我能跑得快。 She can speak Japanese. 她会说日语。【注意】can在表示“能力”时，可与be able to互换使用，be able to 有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来时或完成时。例如： They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months. 三个月后，他们能自己操作这台机器。(2) can表示允许，意为“可以”。例如： Can I read your newspaper? 我可以看一下你的报纸吗？ You can put your bike here. 你可以把自行车放在这里。(3) can用于疑问、否定或感叹句中，意为“会，可能”。例如： This can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 Today is Sunday. He can’t be at school. 今天是周日，他不可能上学。(4) can 表示可能性，意为“可以，可能”。例如： Our classroom can seat 50 students. 我们教室能坐50名学生。【经典练】1.— Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day?— For your health, you ______ be too careful.A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t【写作佳句】With the help of Air Classroom, students can keep learning even with schools closed.在空中教室的帮助下，即使学校关闭，学生也可以继续学习。考查情态动词。考点13 have tohave to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。例如： She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home. 她这些天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。Do you have to do everything? 什么事都得你做吗？She doesn’t have to come this afternoon. 今天下午她不必来。【拓展】 must与have to的辨析： have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to意为“不必”。 must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如： You must do your homework first. 你必须先做作业。 It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。【经典练】1. Tina gets up late, so she go to school by taxi.A. can B. may C. has to D. must【写作佳句】Because I was very busy at that time, he had to wait for me for a long time. 因为那时我很忙，他不得不等我很长时间。考点13 help help为动词，意为“帮助”，常用的句式有： help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人 例如： I helped her (to) find the bus stop. 我帮她找到了公共汽车站。 Mr. Li often helps us with our English. 李老师经常帮我们学习英语。 拓展： help也可作名词，意为“帮助”，常用结构“with one’s help/with the help of…”意为“在的帮助下”。 例如： Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 With the help of my friends, I finished the work very fast.在朋友们的帮助下，我很快完成了工作。 With the teacher’s help, we passed the exam.在老师的帮助下，我们通过了考试。help yourself/yourselves to...“请随便吃/喝……”。Help yourselves to some apples，boys and girls.孩子们，请随便吃苹果。【经典练】1. Help ______ to some desserts and fruit, Julie and Marc!—Thank you！you B．your C．yourself D．Yourselves【写作佳句】She is in trouble, so we must try our best to help her out. 她处于困境中,所以我们必须尽力帮她摆脱困境。考点14 planplan做名词时，意为“计划；规划”，是可数名词。常与make连用，make a plan意为“制订计划”。例如：My mother makes a plan to visit my grandmother.我妈妈计划去看望我的字母。plan做动词时，后面常接不定式，意为“计划做某事”；也可以接名词（短语），意为“计划某事 ”。【经典练】1. The girl plans the Great Wall.A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visits【写作佳句】She make travel plans travel plans on the Internet.他在网上制定了旅行计划。思维导图一、语法：情态动词can的用法1．can是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化，它的过去式为could，其后可直接接动词原形，其用法如下：(1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。如：Can you swim？你会游泳吗？Can you answer the question？你能回答这个问题吗？(2)表示许可，意为“可以”，相当于may(比may更口语化，may较正式)。此外，could也可以表示许可，语气更加委婉。如：Can/May I come in？我可以进来吗？Can you help me？你能帮我吗？You may go home now.你现在可以回家了。Could you help me find it？你能帮我找到它吗？(3)用于提出邀请。对其作肯定回答通常用“Sure./Of course./Certainly./Yes，I'd love (like) to.”等，作否定回答通常用“Sorry/No，I can't.”等。如：—Can he come to my party？他能来参加我的宴会吗？—Yes.He'd love to.是的。他很乐意。—Can you go to the baseball game？你能去看棒球比赛吗？—Sorry，I can't.对不起，我不能。(4)用于否定句或疑问句中，表示推测。如：Mr.Wang can't be at home.王老师不可能在家里。2．can句式变化(1)在变否定句时，直接在后面加上“not”，写作can't或cannot。如：I can speak French.我会讲法语。→I can't speak French.我不会讲法语。(2)在变一般疑问句时，can直接移到主语前(原主语的首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称)即可。如：I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。→Can you play the piano？你会弹钢琴吗？其肯定回答可用yes，OK或certainly等；否定回答可用no或sorry等。如：—Can you look after my books，please？你能照看一下我的书吗？—OK.可以。用certainly回答语气更为肯定。如：—Can I see your guitar？我能看看你的吉他吗？—Certainly.当然可以。【拓展】情态动词could的用法：（1）could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，意为“能，会”。例如：Could you speak English at the age of six? His mother is a good cook now, but she couldn’t cook meals three years ago.（2）在某些场合，could可用来代替can，表示现在的情况，could比can语气更委婉。若用could来提问问题，回答时，应该用can，而不用could。例如：--Could you answer me a question? --Yes, I can./No, I can’t.情态动词may的用法：（1）表示许可，意为“许可”。例如：May I come in? You may take everything you like. （2）表示推测，通常用于肯定句和否定句中，意为“可能”。例如：He may be very busy now. He said that she might not be at work today.注意：can和may都不是可能性，can通常用于否定句和疑问句中，而may通常用于肯定句和否定句中。虽然两者均可用于否定句中，但其意思不同：can't意为“不可能”，may not意为“可能不”。另外，can和may均可表示请求允许，但can为一般用词，而may为正式用词。例如：It can’t be true.那不可能是真的。 It may not be true.那可能不是真的单元写作本单元的话题是“邀请”，涉及邀请他人参加聚会或活动或回复他人的邀请信。 无论是收到哪种邀请信都要复信，明确表示接受与否。而且无论接受与否都要对邀请者表示感谢。接受邀请的回信一般包含以下内容：首先感谢对方的邀请，并重述邀请信中的主要内容；然后愉快地表示接受邀请，并简要说明自己的打算； 最后表示期待赴会和与对方见面的心情。谢绝邀请的回信一般包含以下几方面的内容：首先还是要对对方的邀请表示感谢; 然后具体说明自己无法接受邀请的原因，并对无法出席表示遗憾；最后表达自己的祝愿，即祝愿自己未能参加的会议或者活动能够顺利进行。“三步法”写提出／拒绝邀请类作文提出邀请类作文：一、解释：为什么邀请二、邀请：提出邀请，告知时间、地点、活动内容三、嘱托和期待拒绝邀请类作文：一、感谢二、婉拒三、解释原因词汇积累1. invite 邀请 2. accept 接受3. refuse 拒绝 4. preparation 准备5. have an exam 参加考试 6. opening 开幕式；落成典礼7. guest 客人；宾客 8. reply 回答；答复9. have the flu 患感冒10. event 大事；公开活动 11. be available = be free 有空的，空闲的12. surprised 惊奇的；感觉意外的13. prepare for 为……做准备14. help out ( 帮助…… )分担工作、解决难题15. hang out 闲逛 16. look after 照料;照顾17. turn down 拒绝 18. take a trip 去旅行19. look forward to 盼望;期待20. hear from 接到( 某人的 )信、电话等21. another time 其他时间；别的时间句型积累1. To say goodbye to him, we will organize a party. 为了和他告别，我们将要组织一场聚会。2. At the party, you can enjoy all kinds of food as well as music.3. We hope that you can accept our invitation. 我们希望你能够接收我们的邀请。4. Please let me know if you can come. 如果你来了请让我知晓。5. I’d love to go to the museum with you,but I’m not free this Saturday.6. Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesday. 萨姆直到下周三才离开。7.I am sorry, I must study for a math test. 我很抱歉，我必须要为数学考试做准备。 8. She’s not available. She must go to the doctor. 她没空。她必须去看医生。9. I’m sad to see her go. 看到她离开我很难过 10. Let’s have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th! 我们在（本月）28日下周五为她举办一场惊喜聚会吧！I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library. 我想邀请你们参加我们新图书馆的落成典礼。 12. I already have a great idea about how to do that. 我已经有怎样做它的好主意了！◆开头句①Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party.②I'd love to go but I can't./I'd love to come to the party，but I'm not available.③I would like to invite you to my birthday party.◆中间句①I'm sorry.I'm not available.I have to look after my grandma.②I have an exam on Monday so I must prepare for it.③To show how much we'll miss her，I'll have a surprise party for her at my home this Saturday evening.④I also need to study for the coming English test.◆结尾句①Thank you for inviting me.②I hope you can have a good time.③Let me know if you want to come.④I'm looking forward to your coming.【谚语积累】1.Love me，love my dog.爱屋及乌。2.To give is better than to receive.给予胜于接受。假如你是一名美国学生Danny，你的同学李丽是一名来自中国的交换生，她在你们学校为期一年的学习生活即将结束。为此，你打算本周六晚上在你家给她举办一场送别聚会。请根据以下要点提示，在你们班级群里留言，邀请你们班其他同学参加本次聚会。提示：1.对李丽的评价；2.举办此次聚会的原因；3.希望同学们来参加聚会并表演节目(put on a show)。要求：80词左右。◆◆审题指导1.文体：邀请函；2.时态：以一般现在时和一般将来时为主；3.注意事项：注意段落布局和恰当使用if引导的条件状语从句或连接词来增加得分点。◆◆思路点拨◆◆组句成篇Hi，everyone，You must know our classmate Li Li.In my eyes，she's so nice.She studies very hard.And she's always glad to help others.I learned more about Chinese culture from her.Sadly，she's going back to China.To show how much we'll miss her，I'll have a surprise party for her at my home this Saturday evening.Can you come？If you can，please help with these things：Think of some games to play and if you could put on some kinds of shows at the party，that would be great.Let me know if you want to come.I'm looking forward to your coming.【重点词组】 1. go to the doctor 去看医生2. have the flu 患流感3. be available= be free 有空，有时间4.prepare for 为……做准备5.have/take an exam/have the exam 进行考试6.pass /fail the exam 考试及格 /考试不及格7.the day before yesterday 前天8.the day after tomorrow 后天9.look after=take care of 照顾，照料10.turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请11.reply to 回答12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳办法13. take /have a trip 去旅行14. help out ( 帮助……) 分担工作、解决难题15.look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事16.hear from sb. 收到某人的来信、电话等17.by now 到现在为止18.give a concert 举行音乐会19.go to a concert 去听音乐会20.during the daytime 在白天21.the opening of... …的开幕/ 开业22.hang out 闲逛【重点句式】1. I'm sorry. I'm not available. I have too much homework this weekend.真抱歉，我没有空。这个周末我有太多家庭作业。2. I'm afraid not. I have the flu.我恐怕不行，我得了流感。3. I'd love to come, but I'm afraid I can't.我很乐意，但我恐怕不能来。4. That's too bad. Maybe another time.那太糟糕了。那下次吧。5. Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.萨姆要一直待到下周三才走。6. Can you hang out with us on Monday night？ 周一晚上你能和我们出去玩吗？7. Catch you on Monday! 礼拜一见！8. —What's today？今天是几号，星期几？—It's Monday the 14th. 今天是14号，星期一。9. I'm sad to see her go. 看她离去我很伤心。10. My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.我们全家打算在这个月月底去武汉看望我的叔叔阿姨。11. Thanks so much for planning this.很感谢你计划了这个。12. To show how much we're going to miss her, let's have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th!为了表示我们会多么想念她，我们在(本月)28号下周五为她举办一个惊喜派对吧！13. Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.在不告诉斯蒂恩老师的前提下把她带来，以便她能感到惊喜。14. I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library.我想要邀请你来参加我们新图书馆的落成典礼。15. Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday, December 20th.请于12月20号星期五前以书面方式回复此邀请。【重点语法】情态动词can----表示邀请，还可以表示能力，许可，推测等。表邀请时Could 比can 的语气更加委婉表邀请用法发出邀请时一般结构为 Can +主语+V原+其他？Can you come to my party?回答分两种情况 接受邀请：Sure, I’d like/love to. Sure, that sounds great. Thanks for your invitation. 拒绝邀请: Sorry, I’m not available./I’m busy. Sorry, I have to..... I’d love to. But I’m afraid I can’t. I have to...have to 不得不，必须（客观原因） must 必须（主观意志）3）向别人发出邀请，请求，建议时常见的句型： Would you mind (not) doing sth.? How/What about doing sth.? Would you like (not) to do sth.? Would/Could you please (not) to do sth.? Why don’t you do sth.?/ Why not do sth.? You’d better (not) do sth. Unit 9 Can you come to my party?考点1 prepare for[教材原句] I have to prepare for an exam.我必须准备一场考试。prepare for 为……做准备They are preparing for the math test. 他们正忙为数学考试做准备。【拓展】prepare的其他用法（1）作为及物动词，其后接双宾语。即prepare sb. sth.= prepare sth. for sb., 意为“为某人准备某物”。其后也可接动词不定式作宾语，即prepare to do sth. 意为“准备做某事”。 The hostess prepared much food for the guests. 女主人为客人们准备了大量的食物。 We prepared to set out when it began to rain heavily. 我们正准备出发时，突然下起了大雨。(2)作为不及物动词，意为“准备”，常用于prepare for sth., 意为“为……做准备”。 We are preparing for the coming exams. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。（3）其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备；预备”。You can’t make great progress in your study without good preparation.不好好准备，你就不可能在学习方面取得巨大进步。【经典练】1．—The classroom is so quiet.—Yes, all the students _______ for the final exam.A．prepare B．prepared C．will prepare D．are preparing【答案】D【解析】句意：——教室里是那么安静。——是的，所有学生正在准备期末考试。考查动词时态。根据“The classroom is so quiet.”的语境可知，空处的动作应是正在进行，故句子应用现在进行时，构成形式为：be doing；主语“all the students”是复数形式，助动词应用are；prepare的现在分词是preparing。故选D。2.—I can’t find David. Where is he?—He __________for tomorrow’s competitions at home.A. prepares B. is preparing C. has prepared D. prepared【答案】B【解析】我没有找到David，他在哪？---他正在家为明天的考试做准备。prepare for sth . 为某事做准备根据句意可知，说话的时候还正在准备，所以用现在进行时态。【写作佳句】1.They bought some food and drinks to prepare for the party.他们买了一些食物和饮料来为聚会做准备。2.Her parents were busy preparing to go on holiday，她的父母正在忙着准备去度假。考点2 hang outhang out是动副结构的短语，意为“闲逛”。例如：I hung out with my friends and took lots of photos. 我和朋友们一起闲逛，还拍了许多照片。【拓展】 hang的其他搭配：hang about=hang around 闲逛，徘徊，逗留；hang up挂断（电话）； hang on不挂断； hang意为“逗留，悬挂”时，过去式和过去分词都是hung；hang还有“吊死，绞死”的意思，但当hang意为“吊死，绞死”时，其过去式和过去分词都是hanged。例如：Thick clouds hung low and covered the sky.厚厚的云低悬着，遮住了整个天空。He was hanged at Landsberg prison on June 8, 1951.他与1951年6月9日在兰茨贝格监狱被绞死。【经典练】1. Jack, can you _____ with us at the City Park this Sunday?A. hang in B. come out C. hang out D. come on【答案】C【解析】句意：Jack，本周日你能和我们一起去城市公园吗？A. hang in坚持； B. come out出来，出现； C. hang out闲逛； D. come on快点。根据at the City Park可知，应该出去到公园去闲逛。故选C。【写作佳句】He hung a rope on a tree and hanged himself.他在树上挂了一根绳子，然后上吊自杀。考点3 until conj.&prep.到...时;直到....为止教材原句：Oh,but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.哦,但是萨姆要一直呆到下周三才走。常见用法①教材原句中的until用作介词,后面可以跟表示时间的名词(短语)作宾语。. until..意为"直到..才.....”.The ticket is valid until March.这张票的有效期一直到3月份。They wont come until next month.他们下个月才来。②until还可以作连词,后跟时间状语从句。当主句为肯定句时,表示主句的动词一直持续到从句动作发生时,这时主句的动词必须是持续性动词,比如wait, last, stay,work等。当主句为否定句时,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生后才发生,意为"直到........,这时主句的动词应是短暂性动词。Hen waited until she finished speaking.他一直等到她说完。She wont go home until it is dark,她直到天黑才会回家。【经典练】1． I_____ go home ______the concert was over.A．didn’t; until B．wasn’t; till C．don’t; until D．won’t; till【答案】A【分析】句意：直到音乐会结束我才回家。考查until用法。not …until…直到……才……，因为the concert was over是过去式，所以主句也要用过去时，排除C/D选项；go 是实义动词，要找助动词did在其后加not，故选A。【写作佳句】The plane won't take off until the thick clouds move away.直到厚厚的云移开飞机才会起飞。考点4 catch v.比及时赶上;接住;抓住教材原句：Catch you on Monday!周一见!常见用法 catch作动词时,其过去式为caught,其后可直[接跟人或物作宾语,即catch sb./sth.;也可以搭配不同的宾语,构成意思不同的短语。口语中catch/see you (later)意为"再见"。I threw a ball to her and she caught it.我向她扔了一个球,她接住了。联想拓展含有catch的常见短语:①catch a cold 患感②catch a bus/train/plane 赶上公共汽车/火车/飞机③catcth hold of抓住④catcth up with sb.赶上某人⑤catch one's eye吸引某人的注意⑥be caught in sth.处于困境.He had to work hard to catch up with the others，他不得不努力工作以赶上其他人。 A newspaper headline caught his eye.报纸上的一个标题吸引了他的注意。【经典练】1．Don’t ________ the chance when you can catch it, or you will regret.A．guess B．miss C．remember D．allow【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：当你可以抓住机会的时候，不要错过机会，否则你会后悔的。guess猜；miss错过；remember 记住；allow允许。所以选B。【写作佳句】Now he's studying hard to catch up with his classmates.现在他正在努力学习以赶上他的同班同学。考点5 inviteinvite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事invite sb. to a place 邀请某人去某地例：He invited Mary to have dinner. 他邀请玛丽吃晚餐。【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation“邀请函；请帖”，常与介词to连用。例：Jane received an invitation to a party just now. 刚才简收到了一个聚会邀请函。invite 的用法和延伸其他动词不定式作宾语的结构 receive接待；收到指客观的收到He received a letter from his friend. 他收到了朋友的来信。accept接受指主观的接受She accepted my gift. 她接受了我的礼物。邀请信开头简要说明活动信息，并邀请对方问候 自我介绍背景信息 写信目的主体介绍邀请的具体事项活动的时间、地点、内容（主题）、活动的意义等细节信息。结尾希望对方接受邀请，表示感谢，期待回复希望参加、表达感谢 期待回复Unit9核心话题邀请重点词汇1.prepare 2.exam 3.flu 4.available 5.hang 6.until 7.catch 8.invite 9.accept 10.refuse 11.weekday 12.invitation 13.reply 14.forward 15.delete 16.sad 17.goodbye 18.glad 19.preparation 20.glue 21.without 22.surprised 23.opening 24.concert 25.headmaster 26.event 重点短语1. have to 2. prepare for 3. come to the party 4. meet my friend 5. too much homework 6. go to the movies 7. another time 8. last fall 9. hang out 10. after school 11. on the weekend=on weekends 12. study for a test 13. visit grandparents 14. the day before yesterday 15. the day after tomorrow 16. have a piano lesson 17. look after 18. make an invitation 19. accept an invitation 20. turn down /refuse an invitation 21. take a trip to Wuhan 22. at the end of this month 23. look forward to 重点句型1. —Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?—Sure, I’d love to. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to prepare for an exam.2. I’m not available. = I’m not free.我没空。3. I’m sad to see her go, and this party is the best way to say “Thank you and goodbye.”4. Are you free to come to my place on Saturday?5. Would you like to come to my birthday party?6. As I’m sure you know by now…7. Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.8. I look forward to hearing from you.语法情态动词can的用法写作邀请他人参加聚会或活动或回复他人的邀请信want sb to do sth. tell sb to do sth.expect sb to do sth. ask sb to do sth.wish sb to do sth. encourage sb to do sth.send sb to do sth. advise sb. to do sth.【经典练】1. —I will have a party this weekend. Could you please help me write some ______?—Sure. Who are you going to invite?A. invitations B. concerts C. calendars D. events【答案】A【解析】句意：——我将这周有一个聚会，你能帮我写些邀请函吗？——当然，你打算邀请谁？A. invitations邀请；B. concert音乐会；C. calendars日历；D. events事件。根据下文Sure. Who are you going to invite?可知上文是说一些邀请。根据题意，故选A。【写作佳句】I invited her to sing together, but she didn’t agree.我邀请她一起唱歌，但是她不同意。考点6 accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物receive词性及物动词，此句中意为“接待；招待”。receive还可表示“接到；收到”，与get同义，其后可接介词from. / They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the guest.他们非常高兴有机会接待这位贵宾。 I received a letter from my mother.我收到母亲的一封来信。辨析：receive与accept I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it. 昨天我收到了他的聚会请束，但我拒绝接受。【经典练】1. —Has Lucy ________ my invitation?—Yes, she has. But she can't ________ it because she will have to look after her grandpa that day.A. received; receive B. accepted; accept C. received; accept D. accepted; receive【答案】C【解析】句意：----露西收到我的请柬了吗？-------是的，她收到了。但她不能接受，因为那天她必须照顾她的爷爷。考查动词词义辨析。received收到，receive invitation：收到邀请；accept接受，accept invitation接受邀请。结合句意和语境可知选C。【写作佳句】He received a present from his friend yesterday, and he accepted it gladly.他昨天收到朋友送的礼物，很高兴地接受了。考点7 replyreply既可作不及物动词，又可作及物动词，还可作名词。（1）作不及物动词，意为“回答”，可用“reply to(sb. /sth. )”表示“对……做出回答”。例如：He failed to reply to my question. 他没能回答我的问题。What did he do in reply to your challenge? 你提出与他较量，他做何反应?（2）作及物动词时，其意为“回答，回答说”。例如：He replied that this was absolutely impossible.他回复说这是绝对不可能的。She sighed, but didn’t reply. 她叹了口气，没有回答。（3）作名词时，意思为“答道，答复”。例如：A few weeks later I received a reply.几个星期后，我收到了她的回信。I called out a challenge, but there was no reply.我提出挑战，但是没人回应。【经典练】1. I get so many e－mails every day that I have no time to________ to each of them.A. answer B. accept C. reply D. print【答案】C【解析】句意：我每天收到的电子邮件太多了，以至于我没有时间回复每一封。考查动词辨析题。answer回答（提问等），及物动词直接接宾语；accept接受；reply回复（信件等），不及物动词；print打印。根据句意结构和语境，可知ABD三项意思都与句意不合，故选C。【写作佳句】Jack didn’t reply to my question right away. He said he needed to think about it. Jack没有立刻回复我的问题。他说他需要思考一下。reply to意为“回复”。考点8 withoutwithout是介词，意为“无，没有”，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。without构成的介词短语具有否定含义，在句中相当于构成了否定句。例如： I can’t do it without your help. 没有你的帮助，我不能做这件事。 He went to school this morning without having breakfast. 他今天早上没吃早饭就去上学了。【拓展】 without的反义词是with，表示“拥有，带有”。例如：She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination.她是个充满活力的年轻女性，富有忍耐力和想象力。Mr. Brown bought a garden with a beautiful lake. 布朗先生买了一个带有漂亮湖泊的花园。【经典练】1. ________ water, fish won't survive.A. With B. Without C. In D. Out【答案】B【解析】句意：没有水，鱼就不能生存。考查介词。A. With和......一起；B. Without无、不、没有；C. In在…...里面；D. Out离去。根据___ water, fish won't survive.可知，B选项符合题意，故答案选B。【写作佳句】You’d better not hang out after school without telling your parents. They may worry about you. 在没有告知你父母的情况下你最好不要放学以后闲逛。考点9 surprisedsurprised 是形容词，意为“吃惊的，感到惊讶的”，句子的主语通常是人。例如：I’m surprised at the accident. 我对这起事故感到很吃惊。How surprised the students are! 学生们是多么吃惊啊！【拓展】（1）surprising也是形容词，意为“吃惊的，令人惊讶的”，常修饰物。例如：He told me something surprising. 他告诉我一些令人吃惊的事情。(2) surprise作动词时，意为“使……惊奇，使……感到意外、吃惊”。例如： What surprised you? 什么事使你感到意外？（3) surprise作名词时，意为“吃惊，惊讶”。这种吃惊可能包含着“高兴、害怕或忧虑”。例如： He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大感意外。（4）作名词用时还可构成短语： to one’s surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是……”。 in surprise意为“吃惊地”。 例如： To my surprise, he passed the exam. 使我吃惊是，他竟然通过了考试。 He looked at me in surprise. 他吃惊地望着我。【经典练】1. ______ his surprise, his teammates all nodded ______ agreement.A. To, to B. For, with C. To, in D. With, with【答案】C【解析】句意：令他惊讶的是，他的队友都点头同意了。考查介词。短语to one’s surprise：使某人惊讶的是；in agreement：(作状语)表示同意, (作表语)持相同意见。结合句意可知填To, in；选C。【写作佳句】We’re surprised at the surprising news. 对这个令人吃惊的消息我们感到诧异。考点10 available（1）available作形容词，意为“现成可使用的，可获得的，便利的，有效的”。例如： I'll send you all the books available. 我将把我能得到的书给你寄去。My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired.我的自行车现在不能用, 因为正在修理。The season ticket is available for three months. 季票有效期为三个月。（2）available还表示“可会见的,可取得联系的”。例如： The doctor is not available now. 医生现在没空。He was not always available to everyone. 并不是人人总能找到他。【经典练】1. Jane, I ’d love to go to your house, but I’m not _______.I must practice the piano.A. available B. busy C. healthy D. outgoing【答案】A【解析】句意：Jane，我愿意去你的家里，但是我没有时间。我必须练习钢琴。A. available有空的；B. busy忙的；C. healthy健康的；D. outgoing外向的。根据下文I must practice the piano.可知上文是说我没有空。根据题意，故选A。【写作佳句】We have a room available for this weekend。这个周末我们有空房间。考点11 too many, too much和 much too too many 意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数 例：There are too many people here. too much 意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词和动词例：Too much work is bad for you. much too 意为“实在太...”，修饰形容词或副词例：His new car was much too expensive. 【经典练】1.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat. A. too much; much too B. much too; too muchC. too many; too much D. too much; too many 【答案】A【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:不要吃太多的肥肉, 否则你会变很胖。too much后接不可数名词; much too后接形容词或副词; too many后接可数名词复数。【写作佳句】1.I can’t go to your party, because I have too much homework to do today. 我不能去晚会，因为今天我有太多作业。2.The boy was much too hungry and he ate too much bread那个男孩太饿了，他吃了太多的面包。考点12 cancan是最常用的情态动词，其后接动词原形，否定形式为can’t。用法如下：(1) can表示有能力做或能够发生，有“能，会”的意思。例如： I can run fast. 我能跑得快。 She can speak Japanese. 她会说日语。【注意】can在表示“能力”时，可与be able to互换使用，be able to 有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来时或完成时。例如： They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months. 三个月后，他们能自己操作这台机器。(2) can表示允许，意为“可以”。例如： Can I read your newspaper? 我可以看一下你的报纸吗？ You can put your bike here. 你可以把自行车放在这里。(3) can用于疑问、否定或感叹句中，意为“会，可能”。例如： This can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 Today is Sunday. He can’t be at school. 今天是周日，他不可能上学。(4) can 表示可能性，意为“可以，可能”。例如： Our classroom can seat 50 students. 我们教室能坐50名学生。【经典练】1.— Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day?— For your health, you ______ be too careful.A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t【答案】A【解析】句意：——妈妈，为什么我一天必须洗手这么多次？——为了你的健康，你再小心也不为过。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t不允许；needn’t不必。根据For your health及所给选词，可知，为了你的健康，你再怎么小心也不为过，固定搭配：can’t too表示“再……也不为过”，所以空格处填can’t。故选A。【写作佳句】With the help of Air Classroom, students can keep learning even with schools closed.在空中教室的帮助下，即使学校关闭，学生也可以继续学习。考查情态动词。考点13 have tohave to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。例如： She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home. 她这些天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。Do you have to do everything? 什么事都得你做吗？She doesn’t have to come this afternoon. 今天下午她不必来。【拓展】 must与have to的辨析： have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to意为“不必”。 must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如： You must do your homework first. 你必须先做作业。 It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。【经典练】1. Tina gets up late, so she go to school by taxi.A. can B. may C. has to D. must【答案】C【解析】句意：蒂娜起得晚，所以她必须乘坐出租车去上学。本题考查情态动词。can能，表示能力；may可以，表示允许；has to必须，表示客观要求；must必须，表示主观要求。结合句意，起得晚，乘坐出租车，这是客观上必须要求的，用has to，故选C。【写作佳句】Because I was very busy at that time, he had to wait for me for a long time. 因为那时我很忙，他不得不等我很长时间。考点13 help help为动词，意为“帮助”，常用的句式有： help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人 例如： I helped her (to) find the bus stop. 我帮她找到了公共汽车站。 Mr. Li often helps us with our English. 李老师经常帮我们学习英语。 拓展： help也可作名词，意为“帮助”，常用结构“with one’s help/with the help of…”意为“在的帮助下”。 例如： Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 With the help of my friends, I finished the work very fast.在朋友们的帮助下，我很快完成了工作。 With the teacher’s help, we passed the exam.在老师的帮助下，我们通过了考试。help yourself/yourselves to...“请随便吃/喝……”。Help yourselves to some apples，boys and girls.孩子们，请随便吃苹果。【经典练】1. Help ______ to some desserts and fruit, Julie and Marc!—Thank you！you B．your C．yourself D．Yourselves【答案】D 【解析】此题考查固定搭配。help oneself to“请随便吃/喝……”。因Julie and Marc是两个人，所以用yourselves。故选D。【写作佳句】She is in trouble, so we must try our best to help her out. 她处于困境中,所以我们必须尽力帮她摆脱困境。考点14 planplan做名词时，意为“计划；规划”，是可数名词。常与make连用，make a plan意为“制订计划”。例如：My mother makes a plan to visit my grandmother.我妈妈计划去看望我的字母。plan做动词时，后面常接不定式，意为“计划做某事”；也可以接名词（短语），意为“计划某事 ”。【经典练】1. The girl plans the Great Wall.A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visits【答案】C【解析】plan to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”。【写作佳句】She make travel plans travel plans on the Internet.他在网上制定了旅行计划。思维导图一、语法：情态动词can的用法1．can是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化，它的过去式为could，其后可直接接动词原形，其用法如下：(1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。如：Can you swim？你会游泳吗？Can you answer the question？你能回答这个问题吗？(2)表示许可，意为“可以”，相当于may(比may更口语化，may较正式)。此外，could也可以表示许可，语气更加委婉。如：Can/May I come in？我可以进来吗？Can you help me？你能帮我吗？You may go home now.你现在可以回家了。Could you help me find it？你能帮我找到它吗？(3)用于提出邀请。对其作肯定回答通常用“Sure./Of course./Certainly./Yes，I'd love (like) to.”等，作否定回答通常用“Sorry/No，I can't.”等。如：—Can he come to my party？他能来参加我的宴会吗？—Yes.He'd love to.是的。他很乐意。—Can you go to the baseball game？你能去看棒球比赛吗？—Sorry，I can't.对不起，我不能。(4)用于否定句或疑问句中，表示推测。如：Mr.Wang can't be at home.王老师不可能在家里。2．can句式变化(1)在变否定句时，直接在后面加上“not”，写作can't或cannot。如：I can speak French.我会讲法语。→I can't speak French.我不会讲法语。(2)在变一般疑问句时，can直接移到主语前(原主语的首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称)即可。如：I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。→Can you play the piano？你会弹钢琴吗？其肯定回答可用yes，OK或certainly等；否定回答可用no或sorry等。如：—Can you look after my books，please？你能照看一下我的书吗？—OK.可以。用certainly回答语气更为肯定。如：—Can I see your guitar？我能看看你的吉他吗？—Certainly.当然可以。【拓展】情态动词could的用法：（1）could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，意为“能，会”。例如：Could you speak English at the age of six? His mother is a good cook now, but she couldn’t cook meals three years ago.（2）在某些场合，could可用来代替can，表示现在的情况，could比can语气更委婉。若用could来提问问题，回答时，应该用can，而不用could。例如：--Could you answer me a question? --Yes, I can./No, I can’t.情态动词may的用法：（1）表示许可，意为“许可”。例如：May I come in? You may take everything you like. （2）表示推测，通常用于肯定句和否定句中，意为“可能”。例如：He may be very busy now. He said that she might not be at work today.注意：can和may都不是可能性，can通常用于否定句和疑问句中，而may通常用于肯定句和否定句中。虽然两者均可用于否定句中，但其意思不同：can't意为“不可能”，may not意为“可能不”。另外，can和may均可表示请求允许，但can为一般用词，而may为正式用词。例如：It can’t be true.那不可能是真的。 It may not be true.那可能不是真的单元写作本单元的话题是“邀请”，涉及邀请他人参加聚会或活动或回复他人的邀请信。 无论是收到哪种邀请信都要复信，明确表示接受与否。而且无论接受与否都要对邀请者表示感谢。接受邀请的回信一般包含以下内容：首先感谢对方的邀请，并重述邀请信中的主要内容；然后愉快地表示接受邀请，并简要说明自己的打算； 最后表示期待赴会和与对方见面的心情。谢绝邀请的回信一般包含以下几方面的内容：首先还是要对对方的邀请表示感谢; 然后具体说明自己无法接受邀请的原因，并对无法出席表示遗憾；最后表达自己的祝愿，即祝愿自己未能参加的会议或者活动能够顺利进行。“三步法”写提出／拒绝邀请类作文提出邀请类作文：一、解释：为什么邀请二、邀请：提出邀请，告知时间、地点、活动内容三、嘱托和期待拒绝邀请类作文：一、感谢二、婉拒三、解释原因词汇积累1. invite 邀请 2. accept 接受3. refuse 拒绝 4. preparation 准备5. have an exam 参加考试 6. opening 开幕式；落成典礼7. guest 客人；宾客 8. reply 回答；答复9. have the flu 患感冒10. event 大事；公开活动 11. be available = be free 有空的，空闲的12. surprised 惊奇的；感觉意外的13. prepare for 为……做准备14. help out ( 帮助…… )分担工作、解决难题15. hang out 闲逛 16. look after 照料;照顾17. turn down 拒绝 18. take a trip 去旅行19. look forward to 盼望;期待20. hear from 接到( 某人的 )信、电话等21. another time 其他时间；别的时间句型积累1. To say goodbye to him, we will organize a party. 为了和他告别，我们将要组织一场聚会。2. At the party, you can enjoy all kinds of food as well as music.3. We hope that you can accept our invitation. 我们希望你能够接收我们的邀请。4. Please let me know if you can come. 如果你来了请让我知晓。5. I’d love to go to the museum with you,but I’m not free this Saturday.6. Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesday. 萨姆直到下周三才离开。7.I am sorry, I must study for a math test. 我很抱歉，我必须要为数学考试做准备。 8. She’s not available. She must go to the doctor. 她没空。她必须去看医生。9. I’m sad to see her go. 看到她离开我很难过 10. Let’s have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th! 我们在（本月）28日下周五为她举办一场惊喜聚会吧！I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library. 我想邀请你们参加我们新图书馆的落成典礼。 12. I already have a great idea about how to do that. 我已经有怎样做它的好主意了！◆开头句①Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party.②I'd love to go but I can't./I'd love to come to the party，but I'm not available.③I would like to invite you to my birthday party.◆中间句①I'm sorry.I'm not available.I have to look after my grandma.②I have an exam on Monday so I must prepare for it.③To show how much we'll miss her，I'll have a surprise party for her at my home this Saturday evening.④I also need to study for the coming English test.◆结尾句①Thank you for inviting me.②I hope you can have a good time.③Let me know if you want to come.④I'm looking forward to your coming.【谚语积累】1.Love me，love my dog.爱屋及乌。2.To give is better than to receive.给予胜于接受。假如你是一名美国学生Danny，你的同学李丽是一名来自中国的交换生，她在你们学校为期一年的学习生活即将结束。为此，你打算本周六晚上在你家给她举办一场送别聚会。请根据以下要点提示，在你们班级群里留言，邀请你们班其他同学参加本次聚会。提示：1.对李丽的评价；2.举办此次聚会的原因；3.希望同学们来参加聚会并表演节目(put on a show)。要求：80词左右。◆◆审题指导1.文体：邀请函；2.时态：以一般现在时和一般将来时为主；3.注意事项：注意段落布局和恰当使用if引导的条件状语从句或连接词来增加得分点。◆◆思路点拨◆◆组句成篇Hi，everyone，You must know our classmate Li Li.In my eyes，she's so nice.She studies very hard.And she's always glad to help others.I learned more about Chinese culture from her.Sadly，she's going back to China.To show how much we'll miss her，I'll have a surprise party for her at my home this Saturday evening.Can you come？If you can，please help with these things：Think of some games to play and if you could put on some kinds of shows at the party，that would be great.Let me know if you want to come.I'm looking forward to your coming.【重点词组】 1. go to the doctor 去看医生2. have the flu 患流感3. be available= be free 有空，有时间4.prepare for 为……做准备5.have/take an exam/have the exam 进行考试6.pass /fail the exam 考试及格 /考试不及格7.the day before yesterday 前天8.the day after tomorrow 后天9.look after=take care of 照顾，照料10.turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请11.reply to 回答12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳办法13. take /have a trip 去旅行14. help out ( 帮助……) 分担工作、解决难题15.look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事16.hear from sb. 收到某人的来信、电话等17.by now 到现在为止18.give a concert 举行音乐会19.go to a concert 去听音乐会20.during the daytime 在白天21.the opening of... …的开幕/ 开业22.hang out 闲逛【重点句式】1. I'm sorry. I'm not available. I have too much homework this weekend.真抱歉，我没有空。这个周末我有太多家庭作业。2. I'm afraid not. I have the flu.我恐怕不行，我得了流感。3. I'd love to come, but I'm afraid I can't.我很乐意，但我恐怕不能来。4. That's too bad. Maybe another time.那太糟糕了。那下次吧。5. Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.萨姆要一直待到下周三才走。6. Can you hang out with us on Monday night？ 周一晚上你能和我们出去玩吗？7. Catch you on Monday! 礼拜一见！8. —What's today？今天是几号，星期几？—It's Monday the 14th. 今天是14号，星期一。9. I'm sad to see her go. 看她离去我很伤心。10. My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.我们全家打算在这个月月底去武汉看望我的叔叔阿姨。11. Thanks so much for planning this.很感谢你计划了这个。12. To show how much we're going to miss her, let's have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th!为了表示我们会多么想念她，我们在(本月)28号下周五为她举办一个惊喜派对吧！13. Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.在不告诉斯蒂恩老师的前提下把她带来，以便她能感到惊喜。14. I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library.我想要邀请你来参加我们新图书馆的落成典礼。15. Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday, December 20th.请于12月20号星期五前以书面方式回复此邀请。【重点语法】情态动词can----表示邀请，还可以表示能力，许可，推测等。表邀请时Could 比can 的语气更加委婉表邀请用法发出邀请时一般结构为 Can +主语+V原+其他？Can you come to my party?回答分两种情况 接受邀请：Sure, I’d like/love to. Sure, that sounds great. Thanks for your invitation. 拒绝邀请: Sorry, I’m not available./I’m busy. Sorry, I have to..... I’d love to. But I’m afraid I can’t. I have to...have to 不得不，必须（客观原因） must 必须（主观意志）3）向别人发出邀请，请求，建议时常见的句型： Would you mind (not) doing sth.? How/What about doing sth.? Would you like (not) to do sth.? Would/Could you please (not) to do sth.? Why don’t you do sth.?/ Why not do sth.? You’d better (not) do sth. receive接待；收到指客观的收到He received a letter from his friend. 他收到了朋友的来信。accept接受指主观的接受She accepted my gift. 她接受了我的礼物。邀请信开头简要说明活动信息，并邀请对方问候 自我介绍背景信息 写信目的主体介绍邀请的具体事项活动的时间、地点、内容（主题）、活动的意义等细节信息。结尾希望对方接受邀请，表示感谢，期待回复希望参加、表达感谢 期待回复
Unit 9 Can you come to my party?考点1 prepare for[教材原句] I have to prepare for an exam.我必须准备一场考试。prepare for 为……做准备They are preparing for the math test. 他们正忙为数学考试做准备。【拓展】prepare的其他用法（1）作为及物动词，其后接双宾语。即prepare sb. sth.= prepare sth. for sb., 意为“为某人准备某物”。其后也可接动词不定式作宾语，即prepare to do sth. 意为“准备做某事”。 The hostess prepared much food for the guests. 女主人为客人们准备了大量的食物。 We prepared to set out when it began to rain heavily. 我们正准备出发时，突然下起了大雨。(2)作为不及物动词，意为“准备”，常用于prepare for sth., 意为“为……做准备”。 We are preparing for the coming exams. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。（3）其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备；预备”。You can’t make great progress in your study without good preparation.不好好准备，你就不可能在学习方面取得巨大进步。【经典练】1．—The classroom is so quiet.—Yes, all the students _______ for the final exam.A．prepare B．prepared C．will prepare D．are preparing2.—I can’t find David. Where is he?—He __________for tomorrow’s competitions at home.A. prepares B. is preparing C. has prepared D. prepared【写作佳句】1.They bought some food and drinks to prepare for the party.他们买了一些食物和饮料来为聚会做准备。2.Her parents were busy preparing to go on holiday，她的父母正在忙着准备去度假。考点2 hang outhang out是动副结构的短语，意为“闲逛”。例如：I hung out with my friends and took lots of photos. 我和朋友们一起闲逛，还拍了许多照片。【拓展】 hang的其他搭配：hang about=hang around 闲逛，徘徊，逗留；hang up挂断（电话）； hang on不挂断； hang意为“逗留，悬挂”时，过去式和过去分词都是hung；hang还有“吊死，绞死”的意思，但当hang意为“吊死，绞死”时，其过去式和过去分词都是hanged。例如：Thick clouds hung low and covered the sky.厚厚的云低悬着，遮住了整个天空。He was hanged at Landsberg prison on June 8, 1951.他与1951年6月9日在兰茨贝格监狱被绞死。【经典练】1. Jack, can you _____ with us at the City Park this Sunday?A. hang in B. come out C. hang out D. come on【写作佳句】He hung a rope on a tree and hanged himself.他在树上挂了一根绳子，然后上吊自杀。考点3 until conj.&prep.到...时;直到....为止教材原句：Oh,but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.哦,但是萨姆要一直呆到下周三才走。常见用法①教材原句中的until用作介词,后面可以跟表示时间的名词(短语)作宾语。. until..意为"直到..才.....”.The ticket is valid until March.这张票的有效期一直到3月份。They wont come until next month.他们下个月才来。②until还可以作连词,后跟时间状语从句。当主句为肯定句时,表示主句的动词一直持续到从句动作发生时,这时主句的动词必须是持续性动词,比如wait, last, stay,work等。当主句为否定句时,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生后才发生,意为"直到........,这时主句的动词应是短暂性动词。Hen waited until she finished speaking.他一直等到她说完。She wont go home until it is dark,她直到天黑才会回家。【经典练】1． I_____ go home ______the concert was over.A．didn’t; until B．wasn’t; till C．don’t; until D．won’t; till【写作佳句】The plane won't take off until the thick clouds move away.直到厚厚的云移开飞机才会起飞。考点4 catch v.比及时赶上;接住;抓住教材原句：Catch you on Monday!周一见!常见用法 catch作动词时,其过去式为caught,其后可直[接跟人或物作宾语,即catch sb./sth.;也可以搭配不同的宾语,构成意思不同的短语。口语中catch/see you (later)意为"再见"。I threw a ball to her and she caught it.我向她扔了一个球,她接住了。联想拓展含有catch的常见短语:①catch a cold 患感②catch a bus/train/plane 赶上公共汽车/火车/飞机③catcth hold of抓住④catcth up with sb.赶上某人⑤catch one's eye吸引某人的注意⑥be caught in sth.处于困境.He had to work hard to catch up with the others，他不得不努力工作以赶上其他人。 A newspaper headline caught his eye.报纸上的一个标题吸引了他的注意。【经典练】1．Don’t ________ the chance when you can catch it, or you will regret.A．guess B．miss C．remember D．allow【写作佳句】Now he's studying hard to catch up with his classmates.现在他正在努力学习以赶上他的同班同学。考点5 inviteinvite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事invite sb. to a place 邀请某人去某地例：He invited Mary to have dinner. 他邀请玛丽吃晚餐。【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation“邀请函；请帖”，常与介词to连用。例：Jane received an invitation to a party just now. 刚才简收到了一个聚会邀请函。invite 的用法和延伸其他动词不定式作宾语的结构 Unit9核心话题邀请重点词汇1.prepare 2.exam 3.flu 4.available 5.hang 6.until 7.catch 8.invite 9.accept 10.refuse 11.weekday 12.invitation 13.reply 14.forward 15.delete 16.sad 17.goodbye 18.glad 19.preparation 20.glue 21.without 22.surprised 23.opening 24.concert 25.headmaster 26.event 重点短语1. have to 2. prepare for 3. come to the party 4. meet my friend 5. too much homework 6. go to the movies 7. another time 8. last fall 9. hang out 10. after school 11. on the weekend=on weekends 12. study for a test 13. visit grandparents 14. the day before yesterday 15. the day after tomorrow 16. have a piano lesson 17. look after 18. make an invitation 19. accept an invitation 20. turn down /refuse an invitation 21. take a trip to Wuhan 22. at the end of this month 23. look forward to 重点句型1. —Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?—Sure, I’d love to. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to prepare for an exam.2. I’m not available. = I’m not free.我没空。3. I’m sad to see her go, and this party is the best way to say “Thank you and goodbye.”4. Are you free to come to my place on Saturday?5. Would you like to come to my birthday party?6. As I’m sure you know by now…7. Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.8. I look forward to hearing from you.语法情态动词can的用法写作邀请他人参加聚会或活动或回复他人的邀请信want sb to do sth. tell sb to do sth.expect sb to do sth. ask sb to do sth.wish sb to do sth. encourage sb to do sth.send sb to do sth. advise sb. to do sth.【经典练】1. —I will have a party this weekend. Could you please help me write some ______?—Sure. Who are you going to invite?A. invitations B. concerts C. calendars D. events【写作佳句】I invited her to sing together, but she didn’t agree.我邀请她一起唱歌，但是她不同意。考点6 accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物receive词性及物动词，此句中意为“接待；招待”。receive还可表示“接到；收到”，与get同义，其后可接介词from. / They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the guest.他们非常高兴有机会接待这位贵宾。 I received a letter from my mother.我收到母亲的一封来信。辨析：receive与accept I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it. 昨天我收到了他的聚会请束，但我拒绝接受。【经典练】1. —Has Lucy ________ my invitation?—Yes, she has. But she can't ________ it because she will have to look after her grandpa that day.A. received; receive B. accepted; accept C. received; accept D. accepted; receive【写作佳句】He received a present from his friend yesterday, and he accepted it gladly.他昨天收到朋友送的礼物，很高兴地接受了。考点7 replyreply既可作不及物动词，又可作及物动词，还可作名词。（1）作不及物动词，意为“回答”，可用“reply to(sb. /sth. )”表示“对……做出回答”。例如：He failed to reply to my question. 他没能回答我的问题。What did he do in reply to your challenge? 你提出与他较量，他做何反应?（2）作及物动词时，其意为“回答，回答说”。例如：He replied that this was absolutely impossible.他回复说这是绝对不可能的。She sighed, but didn’t reply. 她叹了口气，没有回答。（3）作名词时，意思为“答道，答复”。例如：A few weeks later I received a reply.几个星期后，我收到了她的回信。I called out a challenge, but there was no reply.我提出挑战，但是没人回应。【经典练】1. I get so many e－mails every day that I have no time to________ to each of them.A. answer B. accept C. reply D. print【写作佳句】Jack didn’t reply to my question right away. He said he needed to think about it. Jack没有立刻回复我的问题。他说他需要思考一下。reply to意为“回复”。考点8 withoutwithout是介词，意为“无，没有”，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。without构成的介词短语具有否定含义，在句中相当于构成了否定句。例如： I can’t do it without your help. 没有你的帮助，我不能做这件事。 He went to school this morning without having breakfast. 他今天早上没吃早饭就去上学了。【拓展】 without的反义词是with，表示“拥有，带有”。例如：She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination.她是个充满活力的年轻女性，富有忍耐力和想象力。Mr. Brown bought a garden with a beautiful lake. 布朗先生买了一个带有漂亮湖泊的花园。【经典练】1. ________ water, fish won't survive.A. With B. Without C. In D. Out【写作佳句】You’d better not hang out after school without telling your parents. They may worry about you. 在没有告知你父母的情况下你最好不要放学以后闲逛。考点9 surprisedsurprised 是形容词，意为“吃惊的，感到惊讶的”，句子的主语通常是人。例如：I’m surprised at the accident. 我对这起事故感到很吃惊。How surprised the students are! 学生们是多么吃惊啊！【拓展】（1）surprising也是形容词，意为“吃惊的，令人惊讶的”，常修饰物。例如：He told me something surprising. 他告诉我一些令人吃惊的事情。(2) surprise作动词时，意为“使……惊奇，使……感到意外、吃惊”。例如： What surprised you? 什么事使你感到意外？（3) surprise作名词时，意为“吃惊，惊讶”。这种吃惊可能包含着“高兴、害怕或忧虑”。例如： He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大感意外。（4）作名词用时还可构成短语： to one’s surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是……”。 in surprise意为“吃惊地”。 例如： To my surprise, he passed the exam. 使我吃惊是，他竟然通过了考试。 He looked at me in surprise. 他吃惊地望着我。【经典练】1. ______ his surprise, his teammates all nodded ______ agreement.A. To, to B. For, with C. To, in D. With, with【写作佳句】We’re surprised at the surprising news. 对这个令人吃惊的消息我们感到诧异。考点10 available（1）available作形容词，意为“现成可使用的，可获得的，便利的，有效的”。例如： I'll send you all the books available. 我将把我能得到的书给你寄去。My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired.我的自行车现在不能用, 因为正在修理。The season ticket is available for three months. 季票有效期为三个月。（2）available还表示“可会见的,可取得联系的”。例如： The doctor is not available now. 医生现在没空。He was not always available to everyone. 并不是人人总能找到他。【经典练】1. Jane, I ’d love to go to your house, but I’m not _______.I must practice the piano.A. available B. busy C. healthy D. outgoing【写作佳句】We have a room available for this weekend。这个周末我们有空房间。考点11 too many, too much和 much too too many 意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数 例：There are too many people here. too much 意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词和动词例：Too much work is bad for you. much too 意为“实在太...”，修饰形容词或副词例：His new car was much too expensive. 【经典练】1.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat. A. too much; much too B. much too; too muchC. too many; too much D. too much; too many 【写作佳句】1.I can’t go to your party, because I have too much homework to do today. 我不能去晚会，因为今天我有太多作业。2.The boy was much too hungry and he ate too much bread那个男孩太饿了，他吃了太多的面包。考点12 cancan是最常用的情态动词，其后接动词原形，否定形式为can’t。用法如下：(1) can表示有能力做或能够发生，有“能，会”的意思。例如： I can run fast. 我能跑得快。 She can speak Japanese. 她会说日语。【注意】can在表示“能力”时，可与be able to互换使用，be able to 有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来时或完成时。例如： They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months. 三个月后，他们能自己操作这台机器。(2) can表示允许，意为“可以”。例如： Can I read your newspaper? 我可以看一下你的报纸吗？ You can put your bike here. 你可以把自行车放在这里。(3) can用于疑问、否定或感叹句中，意为“会，可能”。例如： This can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 Today is Sunday. He can’t be at school. 今天是周日，他不可能上学。(4) can 表示可能性，意为“可以，可能”。例如： Our classroom can seat 50 students. 我们教室能坐50名学生。【经典练】1.— Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day?— For your health, you ______ be too careful.A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t【写作佳句】With the help of Air Classroom, students can keep learning even with schools closed.在空中教室的帮助下，即使学校关闭，学生也可以继续学习。考查情态动词。考点13 have tohave to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。例如： She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home. 她这些天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。Do you have to do everything? 什么事都得你做吗？She doesn’t have to come this afternoon. 今天下午她不必来。【拓展】 must与have to的辨析： have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to意为“不必”。 must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如： You must do your homework first. 你必须先做作业。 It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。【经典练】1. Tina gets up late, so she go to school by taxi.A. can B. may C. has to D. must【写作佳句】Because I was very busy at that time, he had to wait for me for a long time. 因为那时我很忙，他不得不等我很长时间。考点13 help help为动词，意为“帮助”，常用的句式有： help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人 例如： I helped her (to) find the bus stop. 我帮她找到了公共汽车站。 Mr. Li often helps us with our English. 李老师经常帮我们学习英语。 拓展： help也可作名词，意为“帮助”，常用结构“with one’s help/with the help of…”意为“在的帮助下”。 例如： Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 With the help of my friends, I finished the work very fast.在朋友们的帮助下，我很快完成了工作。 With the teacher’s help, we passed the exam.在老师的帮助下，我们通过了考试。help yourself/yourselves to...“请随便吃/喝……”。Help yourselves to some apples，boys and girls.孩子们，请随便吃苹果。【经典练】1. Help ______ to some desserts and fruit, Julie and Marc!—Thank you！you B．your C．yourself D．Yourselves【写作佳句】She is in trouble, so we must try our best to help her out. 她处于困境中,所以我们必须尽力帮她摆脱困境。考点14 planplan做名词时，意为“计划；规划”，是可数名词。常与make连用，make a plan意为“制订计划”。例如：My mother makes a plan to visit my grandmother.我妈妈计划去看望我的字母。plan做动词时，后面常接不定式，意为“计划做某事”；也可以接名词（短语），意为“计划某事 ”。【经典练】1. The girl plans the Great Wall.A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visits【写作佳句】She make travel plans travel plans on the Internet.他在网上制定了旅行计划。思维导图一、语法：情态动词can的用法1．can是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化，它的过去式为could，其后可直接接动词原形，其用法如下：(1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。如：Can you swim？你会游泳吗？Can you answer the question？你能回答这个问题吗？(2)表示许可，意为“可以”，相当于may(比may更口语化，may较正式)。此外，could也可以表示许可，语气更加委婉。如：Can/May I come in？我可以进来吗？Can you help me？你能帮我吗？You may go home now.你现在可以回家了。Could you help me find it？你能帮我找到它吗？(3)用于提出邀请。对其作肯定回答通常用“Sure./Of course./Certainly./Yes，I'd love (like) to.”等，作否定回答通常用“Sorry/No，I can't.”等。如：—Can he come to my party？他能来参加我的宴会吗？—Yes.He'd love to.是的。他很乐意。—Can you go to the baseball game？你能去看棒球比赛吗？—Sorry，I can't.对不起，我不能。(4)用于否定句或疑问句中，表示推测。如：Mr.Wang can't be at home.王老师不可能在家里。2．can句式变化(1)在变否定句时，直接在后面加上“not”，写作can't或cannot。如：I can speak French.我会讲法语。→I can't speak French.我不会讲法语。(2)在变一般疑问句时，can直接移到主语前(原主语的首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称)即可。如：I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。→Can you play the piano？你会弹钢琴吗？其肯定回答可用yes，OK或certainly等；否定回答可用no或sorry等。如：—Can you look after my books，please？你能照看一下我的书吗？—OK.可以。用certainly回答语气更为肯定。如：—Can I see your guitar？我能看看你的吉他吗？—Certainly.当然可以。【拓展】情态动词could的用法：（1）could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，意为“能，会”。例如：Could you speak English at the age of six? His mother is a good cook now, but she couldn’t cook meals three years ago.（2）在某些场合，could可用来代替can，表示现在的情况，could比can语气更委婉。若用could来提问问题，回答时，应该用can，而不用could。例如：--Could you answer me a question? --Yes, I can./No, I can’t.情态动词may的用法：（1）表示许可，意为“许可”。例如：May I come in? You may take everything you like. （2）表示推测，通常用于肯定句和否定句中，意为“可能”。例如：He may be very busy now. He said that she might not be at work today.注意：can和may都不是可能性，can通常用于否定句和疑问句中，而may通常用于肯定句和否定句中。虽然两者均可用于否定句中，但其意思不同：can't意为“不可能”，may not意为“可能不”。另外，can和may均可表示请求允许，但can为一般用词，而may为正式用词。例如：It can’t be true.那不可能是真的。 It may not be true.那可能不是真的单元写作本单元的话题是“邀请”，涉及邀请他人参加聚会或活动或回复他人的邀请信。 无论是收到哪种邀请信都要复信，明确表示接受与否。而且无论接受与否都要对邀请者表示感谢。接受邀请的回信一般包含以下内容：首先感谢对方的邀请，并重述邀请信中的主要内容；然后愉快地表示接受邀请，并简要说明自己的打算； 最后表示期待赴会和与对方见面的心情。谢绝邀请的回信一般包含以下几方面的内容：首先还是要对对方的邀请表示感谢; 然后具体说明自己无法接受邀请的原因，并对无法出席表示遗憾；最后表达自己的祝愿，即祝愿自己未能参加的会议或者活动能够顺利进行。“三步法”写提出／拒绝邀请类作文提出邀请类作文：一、解释：为什么邀请二、邀请：提出邀请，告知时间、地点、活动内容三、嘱托和期待拒绝邀请类作文：一、感谢二、婉拒三、解释原因词汇积累1. invite 邀请 2. accept 接受3. refuse 拒绝 4. preparation 准备5. have an exam 参加考试 6. opening 开幕式；落成典礼7. guest 客人；宾客 8. reply 回答；答复9. have the flu 患感冒10. event 大事；公开活动 11. be available = be free 有空的，空闲的12. surprised 惊奇的；感觉意外的13. prepare for 为……做准备14. help out ( 帮助…… )分担工作、解决难题15. hang out 闲逛 16. look after 照料;照顾17. turn down 拒绝 18. take a trip 去旅行19. look forward to 盼望;期待20. hear from 接到( 某人的 )信、电话等21. another time 其他时间；别的时间句型积累1. To say goodbye to him, we will organize a party. 为了和他告别，我们将要组织一场聚会。2. At the party, you can enjoy all kinds of food as well as music.3. We hope that you can accept our invitation. 我们希望你能够接收我们的邀请。4. Please let me know if you can come. 如果你来了请让我知晓。5. I’d love to go to the museum with you,but I’m not free this Saturday.6. Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesday. 萨姆直到下周三才离开。7.I am sorry, I must study for a math test. 我很抱歉，我必须要为数学考试做准备。 8. She’s not available. She must go to the doctor. 她没空。她必须去看医生。9. I’m sad to see her go. 看到她离开我很难过 10. Let’s have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th! 我们在（本月）28日下周五为她举办一场惊喜聚会吧！I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library. 我想邀请你们参加我们新图书馆的落成典礼。 12. I already have a great idea about how to do that. 我已经有怎样做它的好主意了！◆开头句①Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party.②I'd love to go but I can't./I'd love to come to the party，but I'm not available.③I would like to invite you to my birthday party.◆中间句①I'm sorry.I'm not available.I have to look after my grandma.②I have an exam on Monday so I must prepare for it.③To show how much we'll miss her，I'll have a surprise party for her at my home this Saturday evening.④I also need to study for the coming English test.◆结尾句①Thank you for inviting me.②I hope you can have a good time.③Let me know if you want to come.④I'm looking forward to your coming.【谚语积累】1.Love me，love my dog.爱屋及乌。2.To give is better than to receive.给予胜于接受。假如你是一名美国学生Danny，你的同学李丽是一名来自中国的交换生，她在你们学校为期一年的学习生活即将结束。为此，你打算本周六晚上在你家给她举办一场送别聚会。请根据以下要点提示，在你们班级群里留言，邀请你们班其他同学参加本次聚会。提示：1.对李丽的评价；2.举办此次聚会的原因；3.希望同学们来参加聚会并表演节目(put on a show)。要求：80词左右。◆◆审题指导1.文体：邀请函；2.时态：以一般现在时和一般将来时为主；3.注意事项：注意段落布局和恰当使用if引导的条件状语从句或连接词来增加得分点。◆◆思路点拨◆◆组句成篇Hi，everyone，You must know our classmate Li Li.In my eyes，she's so nice.She studies very hard.And she's always glad to help others.I learned more about Chinese culture from her.Sadly，she's going back to China.To show how much we'll miss her，I'll have a surprise party for her at my home this Saturday evening.Can you come？If you can，please help with these things：Think of some games to play and if you could put on some kinds of shows at the party，that would be great.Let me know if you want to come.I'm looking forward to your coming.【重点词组】 1. go to the doctor 去看医生2. have the flu 患流感3. be available= be free 有空，有时间4.prepare for 为……做准备5.have/take an exam/have the exam 进行考试6.pass /fail the exam 考试及格 /考试不及格7.the day before yesterday 前天8.the day after tomorrow 后天9.look after=take care of 照顾，照料10.turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请11.reply to 回答12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳办法13. take /have a trip 去旅行14. help out ( 帮助……) 分担工作、解决难题15.look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事16.hear from sb. 收到某人的来信、电话等17.by now 到现在为止18.give a concert 举行音乐会19.go to a concert 去听音乐会20.during the daytime 在白天21.the opening of... …的开幕/ 开业22.hang out 闲逛【重点句式】1. I'm sorry. I'm not available. I have too much homework this weekend.真抱歉，我没有空。这个周末我有太多家庭作业。2. I'm afraid not. I have the flu.我恐怕不行，我得了流感。3. I'd love to come, but I'm afraid I can't.我很乐意，但我恐怕不能来。4. That's too bad. Maybe another time.那太糟糕了。那下次吧。5. Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.萨姆要一直待到下周三才走。6. Can you hang out with us on Monday night？ 周一晚上你能和我们出去玩吗？7. Catch you on Monday! 礼拜一见！8. —What's today？今天是几号，星期几？—It's Monday the 14th. 今天是14号，星期一。9. I'm sad to see her go. 看她离去我很伤心。10. My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.我们全家打算在这个月月底去武汉看望我的叔叔阿姨。11. Thanks so much for planning this.很感谢你计划了这个。12. To show how much we're going to miss her, let's have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th!为了表示我们会多么想念她，我们在(本月)28号下周五为她举办一个惊喜派对吧！13. Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.在不告诉斯蒂恩老师的前提下把她带来，以便她能感到惊喜。14. I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library.我想要邀请你来参加我们新图书馆的落成典礼。15. Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday, December 20th.请于12月20号星期五前以书面方式回复此邀请。【重点语法】情态动词can----表示邀请，还可以表示能力，许可，推测等。表邀请时Could 比can 的语气更加委婉表邀请用法发出邀请时一般结构为 Can +主语+V原+其他？Can you come to my party?回答分两种情况 接受邀请：Sure, I’d like/love to. Sure, that sounds great. Thanks for your invitation. 拒绝邀请: Sorry, I’m not available./I’m busy. Sorry, I have to..... I’d love to. But I’m afraid I can’t. I have to...have to 不得不，必须（客观原因） must 必须（主观意志）3）向别人发出邀请，请求，建议时常见的句型： Would you mind (not) doing sth.? How/What about doing sth.? Would you like (not) to do sth.? Would/Could you please (not) to do sth.? Why don’t you do sth.?/ Why not do sth.? You’d better (not) do sth. Unit 9 Can you come to my party?考点1 prepare for[教材原句] I have to prepare for an exam.我必须准备一场考试。prepare for 为……做准备They are preparing for the math test. 他们正忙为数学考试做准备。【拓展】prepare的其他用法（1）作为及物动词，其后接双宾语。即prepare sb. sth.= prepare sth. for sb., 意为“为某人准备某物”。其后也可接动词不定式作宾语，即prepare to do sth. 意为“准备做某事”。 The hostess prepared much food for the guests. 女主人为客人们准备了大量的食物。 We prepared to set out when it began to rain heavily. 我们正准备出发时，突然下起了大雨。(2)作为不及物动词，意为“准备”，常用于prepare for sth., 意为“为……做准备”。 We are preparing for the coming exams. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。（3）其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备；预备”。You can’t make great progress in your study without good preparation.不好好准备，你就不可能在学习方面取得巨大进步。【经典练】1．—The classroom is so quiet.—Yes, all the students _______ for the final exam.A．prepare B．prepared C．will prepare D．are preparing【答案】D【解析】句意：——教室里是那么安静。——是的，所有学生正在准备期末考试。考查动词时态。根据“The classroom is so quiet.”的语境可知，空处的动作应是正在进行，故句子应用现在进行时，构成形式为：be doing；主语“all the students”是复数形式，助动词应用are；prepare的现在分词是preparing。故选D。2.—I can’t find David. Where is he?—He __________for tomorrow’s competitions at home.A. prepares B. is preparing C. has prepared D. prepared【答案】B【解析】我没有找到David，他在哪？---他正在家为明天的考试做准备。prepare for sth . 为某事做准备根据句意可知，说话的时候还正在准备，所以用现在进行时态。【写作佳句】1.They bought some food and drinks to prepare for the party.他们买了一些食物和饮料来为聚会做准备。2.Her parents were busy preparing to go on holiday，她的父母正在忙着准备去度假。考点2 hang outhang out是动副结构的短语，意为“闲逛”。例如：I hung out with my friends and took lots of photos. 我和朋友们一起闲逛，还拍了许多照片。【拓展】 hang的其他搭配：hang about=hang around 闲逛，徘徊，逗留；hang up挂断（电话）； hang on不挂断； hang意为“逗留，悬挂”时，过去式和过去分词都是hung；hang还有“吊死，绞死”的意思，但当hang意为“吊死，绞死”时，其过去式和过去分词都是hanged。例如：Thick clouds hung low and covered the sky.厚厚的云低悬着，遮住了整个天空。He was hanged at Landsberg prison on June 8, 1951.他与1951年6月9日在兰茨贝格监狱被绞死。【经典练】1. Jack, can you _____ with us at the City Park this Sunday?A. hang in B. come out C. hang out D. come on【答案】C【解析】句意：Jack，本周日你能和我们一起去城市公园吗？A. hang in坚持； B. come out出来，出现； C. hang out闲逛； D. come on快点。根据at the City Park可知，应该出去到公园去闲逛。故选C。【写作佳句】He hung a rope on a tree and hanged himself.他在树上挂了一根绳子，然后上吊自杀。考点3 until conj.&prep.到...时;直到....为止教材原句：Oh,but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.哦,但是萨姆要一直呆到下周三才走。常见用法①教材原句中的until用作介词,后面可以跟表示时间的名词(短语)作宾语。. until..意为"直到..才.....”.The ticket is valid until March.这张票的有效期一直到3月份。They wont come until next month.他们下个月才来。②until还可以作连词,后跟时间状语从句。当主句为肯定句时,表示主句的动词一直持续到从句动作发生时,这时主句的动词必须是持续性动词,比如wait, last, stay,work等。当主句为否定句时,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生后才发生,意为"直到........,这时主句的动词应是短暂性动词。Hen waited until she finished speaking.他一直等到她说完。She wont go home until it is dark,她直到天黑才会回家。【经典练】1． I_____ go home ______the concert was over.A．didn’t; until B．wasn’t; till C．don’t; until D．won’t; till【答案】A【分析】句意：直到音乐会结束我才回家。考查until用法。not …until…直到……才……，因为the concert was over是过去式，所以主句也要用过去时，排除C/D选项；go 是实义动词，要找助动词did在其后加not，故选A。【写作佳句】The plane won't take off until the thick clouds move away.直到厚厚的云移开飞机才会起飞。考点4 catch v.比及时赶上;接住;抓住教材原句：Catch you on Monday!周一见!常见用法 catch作动词时,其过去式为caught,其后可直[接跟人或物作宾语,即catch sb./sth.;也可以搭配不同的宾语,构成意思不同的短语。口语中catch/see you (later)意为"再见"。I threw a ball to her and she caught it.我向她扔了一个球,她接住了。联想拓展含有catch的常见短语:①catch a cold 患感②catch a bus/train/plane 赶上公共汽车/火车/飞机③catcth hold of抓住④catcth up with sb.赶上某人⑤catch one's eye吸引某人的注意⑥be caught in sth.处于困境.He had to work hard to catch up with the others，他不得不努力工作以赶上其他人。 A newspaper headline caught his eye.报纸上的一个标题吸引了他的注意。【经典练】1．Don’t ________ the chance when you can catch it, or you will regret.A．guess B．miss C．remember D．allow【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：当你可以抓住机会的时候，不要错过机会，否则你会后悔的。guess猜；miss错过；remember 记住；allow允许。所以选B。【写作佳句】Now he's studying hard to catch up with his classmates.现在他正在努力学习以赶上他的同班同学。考点5 inviteinvite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事invite sb. to a place 邀请某人去某地例：He invited Mary to have dinner. 他邀请玛丽吃晚餐。【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation“邀请函；请帖”，常与介词to连用。例：Jane received an invitation to a party just now. 刚才简收到了一个聚会邀请函。invite 的用法和延伸其他动词不定式作宾语的结构 receive接待；收到指客观的收到He received a letter from his friend. 他收到了朋友的来信。accept接受指主观的接受She accepted my gift. 她接受了我的礼物。邀请信开头简要说明活动信息，并邀请对方问候 自我介绍背景信息 写信目的主体介绍邀请的具体事项活动的时间、地点、内容（主题）、活动的意义等细节信息。结尾希望对方接受邀请，表示感谢，期待回复希望参加、表达感谢 期待回复Unit9核心话题邀请重点词汇1.prepare 2.exam 3.flu 4.available 5.hang 6.until 7.catch 8.invite 9.accept 10.refuse 11.weekday 12.invitation 13.reply 14.forward 15.delete 16.sad 17.goodbye 18.glad 19.preparation 20.glue 21.without 22.surprised 23.opening 24.concert 25.headmaster 26.event 重点短语1. have to 2. prepare for 3. come to the party 4. meet my friend 5. too much homework 6. go to the movies 7. another time 8. last fall 9. hang out 10. after school 11. on the weekend=on weekends 12. study for a test 13. visit grandparents 14. the day before yesterday 15. the day after tomorrow 16. have a piano lesson 17. look after 18. make an invitation 19. accept an invitation 20. turn down /refuse an invitation 21. take a trip to Wuhan 22. at the end of this month 23. look forward to 重点句型1. —Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?—Sure, I’d love to. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to prepare for an exam.2. I’m not available. = I’m not free.我没空。3. I’m sad to see her go, and this party is the best way to say “Thank you and goodbye.”4. Are you free to come to my place on Saturday?5. Would you like to come to my birthday party?6. As I’m sure you know by now…7. Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.8. I look forward to hearing from you.语法情态动词can的用法写作邀请他人参加聚会或活动或回复他人的邀请信want sb to do sth. tell sb to do sth.expect sb to do sth. ask sb to do sth.wish sb to do sth. encourage sb to do sth.send sb to do sth. advise sb. to do sth.【经典练】1. —I will have a party this weekend. Could you please help me write some ______?—Sure. Who are you going to invite?A. invitations B. concerts C. calendars D. events【答案】A【解析】句意：——我将这周有一个聚会，你能帮我写些邀请函吗？——当然，你打算邀请谁？A. invitations邀请；B. concert音乐会；C. calendars日历；D. events事件。根据下文Sure. Who are you going to invite?可知上文是说一些邀请。根据题意，故选A。【写作佳句】I invited her to sing together, but she didn’t agree.我邀请她一起唱歌，但是她不同意。考点6 accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物receive词性及物动词，此句中意为“接待；招待”。receive还可表示“接到；收到”，与get同义，其后可接介词from. / They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the guest.他们非常高兴有机会接待这位贵宾。 I received a letter from my mother.我收到母亲的一封来信。辨析：receive与accept I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it. 昨天我收到了他的聚会请束，但我拒绝接受。【经典练】1. —Has Lucy ________ my invitation?—Yes, she has. But she can't ________ it because she will have to look after her grandpa that day.A. received; receive B. accepted; accept C. received; accept D. accepted; receive【答案】C【解析】句意：----露西收到我的请柬了吗？-------是的，她收到了。但她不能接受，因为那天她必须照顾她的爷爷。考查动词词义辨析。received收到，receive invitation：收到邀请；accept接受，accept invitation接受邀请。结合句意和语境可知选C。【写作佳句】He received a present from his friend yesterday, and he accepted it gladly.他昨天收到朋友送的礼物，很高兴地接受了。考点7 replyreply既可作不及物动词，又可作及物动词，还可作名词。（1）作不及物动词，意为“回答”，可用“reply to(sb. /sth. )”表示“对……做出回答”。例如：He failed to reply to my question. 他没能回答我的问题。What did he do in reply to your challenge? 你提出与他较量，他做何反应?（2）作及物动词时，其意为“回答，回答说”。例如：He replied that this was absolutely impossible.他回复说这是绝对不可能的。She sighed, but didn’t reply. 她叹了口气，没有回答。（3）作名词时，意思为“答道，答复”。例如：A few weeks later I received a reply.几个星期后，我收到了她的回信。I called out a challenge, but there was no reply.我提出挑战，但是没人回应。【经典练】1. I get so many e－mails every day that I have no time to________ to each of them.A. answer B. accept C. reply D. print【答案】C【解析】句意：我每天收到的电子邮件太多了，以至于我没有时间回复每一封。考查动词辨析题。answer回答（提问等），及物动词直接接宾语；accept接受；reply回复（信件等），不及物动词；print打印。根据句意结构和语境，可知ABD三项意思都与句意不合，故选C。【写作佳句】Jack didn’t reply to my question right away. He said he needed to think about it. Jack没有立刻回复我的问题。他说他需要思考一下。reply to意为“回复”。考点8 withoutwithout是介词，意为“无，没有”，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。without构成的介词短语具有否定含义，在句中相当于构成了否定句。例如： I can’t do it without your help. 没有你的帮助，我不能做这件事。 He went to school this morning without having breakfast. 他今天早上没吃早饭就去上学了。【拓展】 without的反义词是with，表示“拥有，带有”。例如：She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination.她是个充满活力的年轻女性，富有忍耐力和想象力。Mr. Brown bought a garden with a beautiful lake. 布朗先生买了一个带有漂亮湖泊的花园。【经典练】1. ________ water, fish won't survive.A. With B. Without C. In D. Out【答案】B【解析】句意：没有水，鱼就不能生存。考查介词。A. With和......一起；B. Without无、不、没有；C. In在…...里面；D. Out离去。根据___ water, fish won't survive.可知，B选项符合题意，故答案选B。【写作佳句】You’d better not hang out after school without telling your parents. They may worry about you. 在没有告知你父母的情况下你最好不要放学以后闲逛。考点9 surprisedsurprised 是形容词，意为“吃惊的，感到惊讶的”，句子的主语通常是人。例如：I’m surprised at the accident. 我对这起事故感到很吃惊。How surprised the students are! 学生们是多么吃惊啊！【拓展】（1）surprising也是形容词，意为“吃惊的，令人惊讶的”，常修饰物。例如：He told me something surprising. 他告诉我一些令人吃惊的事情。(2) surprise作动词时，意为“使……惊奇，使……感到意外、吃惊”。例如： What surprised you? 什么事使你感到意外？（3) surprise作名词时，意为“吃惊，惊讶”。这种吃惊可能包含着“高兴、害怕或忧虑”。例如： He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大感意外。（4）作名词用时还可构成短语： to one’s surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是……”。 in surprise意为“吃惊地”。 例如： To my surprise, he passed the exam. 使我吃惊是，他竟然通过了考试。 He looked at me in surprise. 他吃惊地望着我。【经典练】1. ______ his surprise, his teammates all nodded ______ agreement.A. To, to B. For, with C. To, in D. With, with【答案】C【解析】句意：令他惊讶的是，他的队友都点头同意了。考查介词。短语to one’s surprise：使某人惊讶的是；in agreement：(作状语)表示同意, (作表语)持相同意见。结合句意可知填To, in；选C。【写作佳句】We’re surprised at the surprising news. 对这个令人吃惊的消息我们感到诧异。考点10 available（1）available作形容词，意为“现成可使用的，可获得的，便利的，有效的”。例如： I'll send you all the books available. 我将把我能得到的书给你寄去。My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired.我的自行车现在不能用, 因为正在修理。The season ticket is available for three months. 季票有效期为三个月。（2）available还表示“可会见的,可取得联系的”。例如： The doctor is not available now. 医生现在没空。He was not always available to everyone. 并不是人人总能找到他。【经典练】1. Jane, I ’d love to go to your house, but I’m not _______.I must practice the piano.A. available B. busy C. healthy D. outgoing【答案】A【解析】句意：Jane，我愿意去你的家里，但是我没有时间。我必须练习钢琴。A. available有空的；B. busy忙的；C. healthy健康的；D. outgoing外向的。根据下文I must practice the piano.可知上文是说我没有空。根据题意，故选A。【写作佳句】We have a room available for this weekend。这个周末我们有空房间。考点11 too many, too much和 much too too many 意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数 例：There are too many people here. too much 意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词和动词例：Too much work is bad for you. much too 意为“实在太...”，修饰形容词或副词例：His new car was much too expensive. 【经典练】1.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat. A. too much; much too B. much too; too muchC. too many; too much D. too much; too many 【答案】A【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:不要吃太多的肥肉, 否则你会变很胖。too much后接不可数名词; much too后接形容词或副词; too many后接可数名词复数。【写作佳句】1.I can’t go to your party, because I have too much homework to do today. 我不能去晚会，因为今天我有太多作业。2.The boy was much too hungry and he ate too much bread那个男孩太饿了，他吃了太多的面包。考点12 cancan是最常用的情态动词，其后接动词原形，否定形式为can’t。用法如下：(1) can表示有能力做或能够发生，有“能，会”的意思。例如： I can run fast. 我能跑得快。 She can speak Japanese. 她会说日语。【注意】can在表示“能力”时，可与be able to互换使用，be able to 有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来时或完成时。例如： They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months. 三个月后，他们能自己操作这台机器。(2) can表示允许，意为“可以”。例如： Can I read your newspaper? 我可以看一下你的报纸吗？ You can put your bike here. 你可以把自行车放在这里。(3) can用于疑问、否定或感叹句中，意为“会，可能”。例如： This can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 Today is Sunday. He can’t be at school. 今天是周日，他不可能上学。(4) can 表示可能性，意为“可以，可能”。例如： Our classroom can seat 50 students. 我们教室能坐50名学生。【经典练】1.— Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day?— For your health, you ______ be too careful.A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t【答案】A【解析】句意：——妈妈，为什么我一天必须洗手这么多次？——为了你的健康，你再小心也不为过。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t不允许；needn’t不必。根据For your health及所给选词，可知，为了你的健康，你再怎么小心也不为过，固定搭配：can’t too表示“再……也不为过”，所以空格处填can’t。故选A。【写作佳句】With the help of Air Classroom, students can keep learning even with schools closed.在空中教室的帮助下，即使学校关闭，学生也可以继续学习。考查情态动词。考点13 have tohave to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。例如： She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home. 她这些天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。Do you have to do everything? 什么事都得你做吗？She doesn’t have to come this afternoon. 今天下午她不必来。【拓展】 must与have to的辨析： have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to意为“不必”。 must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如： You must do your homework first. 你必须先做作业。 It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。【经典练】1. Tina gets up late, so she go to school by taxi.A. can B. may C. has to D. must【答案】C【解析】句意：蒂娜起得晚，所以她必须乘坐出租车去上学。本题考查情态动词。can能，表示能力；may可以，表示允许；has to必须，表示客观要求；must必须，表示主观要求。结合句意，起得晚，乘坐出租车，这是客观上必须要求的，用has to，故选C。【写作佳句】Because I was very busy at that time, he had to wait for me for a long time. 因为那时我很忙，他不得不等我很长时间。考点13 help help为动词，意为“帮助”，常用的句式有： help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人 例如： I helped her (to) find the bus stop. 我帮她找到了公共汽车站。 Mr. Li often helps us with our English. 李老师经常帮我们学习英语。 拓展： help也可作名词，意为“帮助”，常用结构“with one’s help/with the help of…”意为“在的帮助下”。 例如： Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 With the help of my friends, I finished the work very fast.在朋友们的帮助下，我很快完成了工作。 With the teacher’s help, we passed the exam.在老师的帮助下，我们通过了考试。help yourself/yourselves to...“请随便吃/喝……”。Help yourselves to some apples，boys and girls.孩子们，请随便吃苹果。【经典练】1. Help ______ to some desserts and fruit, Julie and Marc!—Thank you！you B．your C．yourself D．Yourselves【答案】D 【解析】此题考查固定搭配。help oneself to“请随便吃/喝……”。因Julie and Marc是两个人，所以用yourselves。故选D。【写作佳句】She is in trouble, so we must try our best to help her out. 她处于困境中,所以我们必须尽力帮她摆脱困境。考点14 planplan做名词时，意为“计划；规划”，是可数名词。常与make连用，make a plan意为“制订计划”。例如：My mother makes a plan to visit my grandmother.我妈妈计划去看望我的字母。plan做动词时，后面常接不定式，意为“计划做某事”；也可以接名词（短语），意为“计划某事 ”。【经典练】1. The girl plans the Great Wall.A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visits【答案】C【解析】plan to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”。【写作佳句】She make travel plans travel plans on the Internet.他在网上制定了旅行计划。思维导图一、语法：情态动词can的用法1．can是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化，它的过去式为could，其后可直接接动词原形，其用法如下：(1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。如：Can you swim？你会游泳吗？Can you answer the question？你能回答这个问题吗？(2)表示许可，意为“可以”，相当于may(比may更口语化，may较正式)。此外，could也可以表示许可，语气更加委婉。如：Can/May I come in？我可以进来吗？Can you help me？你能帮我吗？You may go home now.你现在可以回家了。Could you help me find it？你能帮我找到它吗？(3)用于提出邀请。对其作肯定回答通常用“Sure./Of course./Certainly./Yes，I'd love (like) to.”等，作否定回答通常用“Sorry/No，I can't.”等。如：—Can he come to my party？他能来参加我的宴会吗？—Yes.He'd love to.是的。他很乐意。—Can you go to the baseball game？你能去看棒球比赛吗？—Sorry，I can't.对不起，我不能。(4)用于否定句或疑问句中，表示推测。如：Mr.Wang can't be at home.王老师不可能在家里。2．can句式变化(1)在变否定句时，直接在后面加上“not”，写作can't或cannot。如：I can speak French.我会讲法语。→I can't speak French.我不会讲法语。(2)在变一般疑问句时，can直接移到主语前(原主语的首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称)即可。如：I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。→Can you play the piano？你会弹钢琴吗？其肯定回答可用yes，OK或certainly等；否定回答可用no或sorry等。如：—Can you look after my books，please？你能照看一下我的书吗？—OK.可以。用certainly回答语气更为肯定。如：—Can I see your guitar？我能看看你的吉他吗？—Certainly.当然可以。【拓展】情态动词could的用法：（1）could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，意为“能，会”。例如：Could you speak English at the age of six? His mother is a good cook now, but she couldn’t cook meals three years ago.（2）在某些场合，could可用来代替can，表示现在的情况，could比can语气更委婉。若用could来提问问题，回答时，应该用can，而不用could。例如：--Could you answer me a question? --Yes, I can./No, I can’t.情态动词may的用法：（1）表示许可，意为“许可”。例如：May I come in? You may take everything you like. （2）表示推测，通常用于肯定句和否定句中，意为“可能”。例如：He may be very busy now. He said that she might not be at work today.注意：can和may都不是可能性，can通常用于否定句和疑问句中，而may通常用于肯定句和否定句中。虽然两者均可用于否定句中，但其意思不同：can't意为“不可能”，may not意为“可能不”。另外，can和may均可表示请求允许，但can为一般用词，而may为正式用词。例如：It can’t be true.那不可能是真的。 It may not be true.那可能不是真的单元写作本单元的话题是“邀请”，涉及邀请他人参加聚会或活动或回复他人的邀请信。 无论是收到哪种邀请信都要复信，明确表示接受与否。而且无论接受与否都要对邀请者表示感谢。接受邀请的回信一般包含以下内容：首先感谢对方的邀请，并重述邀请信中的主要内容；然后愉快地表示接受邀请，并简要说明自己的打算； 最后表示期待赴会和与对方见面的心情。谢绝邀请的回信一般包含以下几方面的内容：首先还是要对对方的邀请表示感谢; 然后具体说明自己无法接受邀请的原因，并对无法出席表示遗憾；最后表达自己的祝愿，即祝愿自己未能参加的会议或者活动能够顺利进行。“三步法”写提出／拒绝邀请类作文提出邀请类作文：一、解释：为什么邀请二、邀请：提出邀请，告知时间、地点、活动内容三、嘱托和期待拒绝邀请类作文：一、感谢二、婉拒三、解释原因词汇积累1. invite 邀请 2. accept 接受3. refuse 拒绝 4. preparation 准备5. have an exam 参加考试 6. opening 开幕式；落成典礼7. guest 客人；宾客 8. reply 回答；答复9. have the flu 患感冒10. event 大事；公开活动 11. be available = be free 有空的，空闲的12. surprised 惊奇的；感觉意外的13. prepare for 为……做准备14. help out ( 帮助…… )分担工作、解决难题15. hang out 闲逛 16. look after 照料;照顾17. turn down 拒绝 18. take a trip 去旅行19. look forward to 盼望;期待20. hear from 接到( 某人的 )信、电话等21. another time 其他时间；别的时间句型积累1. To say goodbye to him, we will organize a party. 为了和他告别，我们将要组织一场聚会。2. At the party, you can enjoy all kinds of food as well as music.3. We hope that you can accept our invitation. 我们希望你能够接收我们的邀请。4. Please let me know if you can come. 如果你来了请让我知晓。5. I’d love to go to the museum with you,but I’m not free this Saturday.6. Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesday. 萨姆直到下周三才离开。7.I am sorry, I must study for a math test. 我很抱歉，我必须要为数学考试做准备。 8. She’s not available. She must go to the doctor. 她没空。她必须去看医生。9. I’m sad to see her go. 看到她离开我很难过 10. Let’s have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th! 我们在（本月）28日下周五为她举办一场惊喜聚会吧！I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library. 我想邀请你们参加我们新图书馆的落成典礼。 12. I already have a great idea about how to do that. 我已经有怎样做它的好主意了！◆开头句①Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party.②I'd love to go but I can't./I'd love to come to the party，but I'm not available.③I would like to invite you to my birthday party.◆中间句①I'm sorry.I'm not available.I have to look after my grandma.②I have an exam on Monday so I must prepare for it.③To show how much we'll miss her，I'll have a surprise party for her at my home this Saturday evening.④I also need to study for the coming English test.◆结尾句①Thank you for inviting me.②I hope you can have a good time.③Let me know if you want to come.④I'm looking forward to your coming.【谚语积累】1.Love me，love my dog.爱屋及乌。2.To give is better than to receive.给予胜于接受。假如你是一名美国学生Danny，你的同学李丽是一名来自中国的交换生，她在你们学校为期一年的学习生活即将结束。为此，你打算本周六晚上在你家给她举办一场送别聚会。请根据以下要点提示，在你们班级群里留言，邀请你们班其他同学参加本次聚会。提示：1.对李丽的评价；2.举办此次聚会的原因；3.希望同学们来参加聚会并表演节目(put on a show)。要求：80词左右。◆◆审题指导1.文体：邀请函；2.时态：以一般现在时和一般将来时为主；3.注意事项：注意段落布局和恰当使用if引导的条件状语从句或连接词来增加得分点。◆◆思路点拨◆◆组句成篇Hi，everyone，You must know our classmate Li Li.In my eyes，she's so nice.She studies very hard.And she's always glad to help others.I learned more about Chinese culture from her.Sadly，she's going back to China.To show how much we'll miss her，I'll have a surprise party for her at my home this Saturday evening.Can you come？If you can，please help with these things：Think of some games to play and if you could put on some kinds of shows at the party，that would be great.Let me know if you want to come.I'm looking forward to your coming.【重点词组】 1. go to the doctor 去看医生2. have the flu 患流感3. be available= be free 有空，有时间4.prepare for 为……做准备5.have/take an exam/have the exam 进行考试6.pass /fail the exam 考试及格 /考试不及格7.the day before yesterday 前天8.the day after tomorrow 后天9.look after=take care of 照顾，照料10.turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请11.reply to 回答12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳办法13. take /have a trip 去旅行14. help out ( 帮助……) 分担工作、解决难题15.look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事16.hear from sb. 收到某人的来信、电话等17.by now 到现在为止18.give a concert 举行音乐会19.go to a concert 去听音乐会20.during the daytime 在白天21.the opening of... …的开幕/ 开业22.hang out 闲逛【重点句式】1. I'm sorry. I'm not available. I have too much homework this weekend.真抱歉，我没有空。这个周末我有太多家庭作业。2. I'm afraid not. I have the flu.我恐怕不行，我得了流感。3. I'd love to come, but I'm afraid I can't.我很乐意，但我恐怕不能来。4. That's too bad. Maybe another time.那太糟糕了。那下次吧。5. Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.萨姆要一直待到下周三才走。6. Can you hang out with us on Monday night？ 周一晚上你能和我们出去玩吗？7. Catch you on Monday! 礼拜一见！8. —What's today？今天是几号，星期几？—It's Monday the 14th. 今天是14号，星期一。9. I'm sad to see her go. 看她离去我很伤心。10. My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.我们全家打算在这个月月底去武汉看望我的叔叔阿姨。11. Thanks so much for planning this.很感谢你计划了这个。12. To show how much we're going to miss her, let's have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th!为了表示我们会多么想念她，我们在(本月)28号下周五为她举办一个惊喜派对吧！13. Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.在不告诉斯蒂恩老师的前提下把她带来，以便她能感到惊喜。14. I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library.我想要邀请你来参加我们新图书馆的落成典礼。15. Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday, December 20th.请于12月20号星期五前以书面方式回复此邀请。【重点语法】情态动词can----表示邀请，还可以表示能力，许可，推测等。表邀请时Could 比can 的语气更加委婉表邀请用法发出邀请时一般结构为 Can +主语+V原+其他？Can you come to my party?回答分两种情况 接受邀请：Sure, I’d like/love to. Sure, that sounds great. Thanks for your invitation. 拒绝邀请: Sorry, I’m not available./I’m busy. Sorry, I have to..... I’d love to. But I’m afraid I can’t. I have to...have to 不得不，必须（客观原因） must 必须（主观意志）3）向别人发出邀请，请求，建议时常见的句型： Would you mind (not) doing sth.? How/What about doing sth.? Would you like (not) to do sth.? Would/Could you please (not) to do sth.? Why don’t you do sth.?/ Why not do sth.? You’d better (not) do sth. receive接待；收到指客观的收到He received a letter from his friend. 他收到了朋友的来信。accept接受指主观的接受She accepted my gift. 她接受了我的礼物。邀请信开头简要说明活动信息，并邀请对方问候 自我介绍背景信息 写信目的主体介绍邀请的具体事项活动的时间、地点、内容（主题）、活动的意义等细节信息。结尾希望对方接受邀请，表示感谢，期待回复希望参加、表达感谢 期待回复
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