人教版八年级英语上册单元速记·巧练Unit2【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)

这是一份人教版八年级英语上册单元速记·巧练Unit2【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)，共52页。

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?考点1 on weekends“在周末”[教材原句]　What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常做什么？ on weekends“在周末”，泛指每个周末，而on the weekend则表示“在周末，在这个周末”，特指某个周末。☞ I have piano lessons on weekends. 我周末上钢琴课。（泛指周末）☞ I will go shopping on the weekend. 周末我要去购物。（特指本周末）注意：表示“在周末”时，英式英语中用at: at weekends/at the weekend;美式英语中用on：on weekends/on the weekend②表示“在工作日”用on weekdays。【经典练】1.（2023·河北邯郸·校联考三模）The volunteers ________ the sick kids in the hospital on weekends.A．look after B．look up C．find out D．give up【写作佳句】（2021·浙江绍兴·统考一模）On weekdays, we have a big break for sports every morning.在工作日，我们每天早上都有一个大的运动休息时间。考点2 help with housework 帮忙做家务（1）help with sth意为＂帮忙做某事＂。☞ My little brother often helps with housework at home. 我弟弟经常在家帮忙做家务。【知识拓展】housework为不可数名词，意为＂家务劳动；家务活＂，常用短语为：do housework，意为＂做家务＂。☞ The boy doesn’t like doing housework. 这个男孩不喜欢做家务。【经典练】1．（2023·吉林白城·统考一模）Lucy, my little sister, is only six, but ________ can help with some housework.A．he B．she C．it2．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Could you help me with housework ______ you are free today?A．since B．though C．unless【写作佳句】（2023·陕西咸阳·统考二模）When I was a little girl, I was asked to help with housework.当我是一个小女孩的时候，我被要求帮助做家务。 考点3 sometimes 有时sometimes频度副词，意为＂有时＂。同义短语为at times。☞ I sometimes play computer games. 我有时候玩电脑游戏【易混辨析】 ☞ Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。 ☞ I have read the story some times. 这个故事我读了好几遍。 ☞ I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. 下周的某个时间我要去上海。 ☞ I’ll stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。【经典练】1．（2023·湖北襄阳·统考二模）—Jack ________ laughs these days, what’s up?—Oh, he just failed his speech competition last week.A．often B．sometimes C．always D．seldom【写作佳句】（2022春·山东·八年级统考期末）Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends.有时你会遇到公平的天气朋友。考点4 hardly ever 几乎从不[教材原句] He hardly ever watches TV.他几乎从不看电视。hardly ever相当于hardly，ever起强调作用。其中hardly用作副词，意为“几乎不/没有”，它本身具有否定意义，不能再与其他否定词连用。☞ She hardly ever eats anything. 她几乎什么都没吃。☞ There’s hardly any food left. 几乎没有剩下食物。 【易混辨析】 hardly与hard【经典练】1．（2022秋·广西贺州·八年级校考期末）I _______ go to the movies on Saturday evening. I usually watch TV with my parents.A．always B．hardly ever C．sometimes2．（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级武汉西藏中学校考期末）—How often do you exercise?  —________. Because I am very busy with my work.A．Always B．Hardly ever C．Usually D．Very often【写作佳句】（2023·湖南永州·统考三模）I could hardly believe my eyes . 我几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。考点5 every day 每天[教材原句] I watch TV every day. 我每天看电视。☞ I like you more and more every day. 我一天比一天更加喜欢你了。☞ He exercises every day. 他每天锻炼。【易混辨析】 every day与everyday【经典练】1．（2023·福建福州·福州三牧中学校考二模）You’d better go to bed early every day, ________ your health will be in a bad state.A．or B．and C．but2．（2023·海南海口·统考一模）—I’d like to keep a pet, but I am busy all day. —Goldfish (金鱼) are a good choice. You ________ feed them every day.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）As students, we sometimes feel it boring to do homework every day.作为学生，我们有时觉得每天做作业很无聊。考点6 once a week 每周一次（1）once用作副词，表示次数，意为＂一次＂。次数的表达如下：（2）once也可意为＂曾经＂。☞ He once lived in America. 他曾在美国生活过。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·福建三明·统考一模）—________ do you write to your pen friend, Jimmy?—Once a week.A．How often B．How soon C．How long考点7 how often 多久一次[教材原句] How often do you watch TV? 你多久看 一次电视？本句是含有特殊疑问词组how often 的特殊疑问句。 how often 多久一次，用于对动作发生的频率进行提问。回答应该是频度副词或表示频率的词组，如always，usually，often，sometimes，never，hardly，ever every day，once a week，three times a day等。☞ —How often do you go to the movies? 你多久去看一次电影？ —Once a week. 一周一次。【易混辨析】 特殊疑问句中与how相关的疑问词组用法【经典练】1．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州杨桥中学校考三模）—________ is it since the CPC was founded? —One hundred and one years.A．How often B．How long C．How soon2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第六十九中学校校考三模）—________ do they stay up late?—Never. They always go to bed early.A．How long B．How often C．How many times【写作佳句】（2023·北京·统考中考真题）How often do you tidy your own room? 你多久整理一次你自己的房间？考点8 full adj.忙的;满的;充满的[教材原句]... next week is quite full for me... ……我下周相当忙……full形容词，此处意为＂忙的＂，其同义词是busy，反义词是free。☞ Her life is so full that she doesn’t have time for hobbies. 她的生活太忙了，以至于她没有时间培养业余爱好。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考二模）—Why do you like teaching, Ms. Lee?—I’m glad to see in the children’s eyes that they ________ knowledge.A．are thirsty for B．are full of C．are worried about2．（2023春·河北石家庄·七年级石家庄市第八十一中学校考阶段练习）—Would you like a piece of cake?—________. I’m full.A．Yes, please B．No, thanks C．OK D．I don’t want any【写作佳句】（2023·吉林白山·统考二模）it will be full of the unexpected.他将会充满意外。考点9 How about…? “……怎么样？”[教材原句] Well , how about Tuesday? 那么，周二怎么样？How about…? (=What about…?) 意为“……怎么样？”，用来向对方征求意见或询问情况。☞ I like vegetables. How /What about you ? 我喜欢蔬菜。你呢？☞ It’s sunny today. How /What about playing tennis?今天阳光明媚。去打网球怎么样？【经典练】1．（2023·江西九江·统考二模）—How about taking the bus there?—Why not take a taxi? It’s ________.A．quick B．quicker C．quickest D．slower【写作佳句】（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）How about 8 o’clock at the zoo gate?8点钟在动物园门口怎么样？考点10 have to 意为“不得不，必须”[教材原句] Oh, I have to play tennis with my friends. 噢，我得跟我的朋友打网球。have to 意为“不得不，必须”，其后接动词原形，进行各种句式转换时需借助于助动词。☞ I have to do my homework now. 我现在不得不做家庭作业。☞ We don’t have to go to school on Sundays. 星期天我们不必上学。【易混辨析】 have to与must☞ Does your mother have to get up early? 你妈妈不得不早起吗？☞ I must go now. 现在我必须走了。【经典练】1．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）—Miss Li. I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel. —I’m afraid you ________. After all, you broke his glasses.A．may B．have to C．mustn’t D．needn’t【写作佳句】（2023·四川成都·统考二模）You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course.你不必给午餐钱，当然衣服也不用。 考点11 maybe adv. 大概；或许；可能maybe为副词，意为＂大概；或许；可能＂。表示推测，一般位于句首。☞ Maybe these nutrients are helpful to your health. 或许这些营养品对你的健康有帮助。☞ Maybe he knows the way to the zoo. 也许他知道去动物园的路。【易混辨析】 maybe与may be【经典练】1．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）—Millie, I can’t solve the problems by myself. What should I do?  —Maybe working in groups is a good ________.A．method B．survey C．report D．secret【写作佳句】（2019·湖北·统考中考真题）“Hope is a good thing. Maybe the best of things and no good thing ever dies.”希望是件好事，也许最好的东西永远不会消失。----The Shawshank Kedemption 中文译名：《肖申克的救赎》考点12 stay up 熬夜[教材原句]She seldom stay up late.她很少熬夜。stay up是固定短语，意为＂熬夜；不睡觉＂，与sit up同义。stay up late指＂熬夜到很晚，迟睡＂。☞ He stayed up too late last night. 他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。☞ I used to stay up late with my mom and watch movies. 我过去常和妈妈熬夜看电影。【经典练】20．（2022春·山东菏泽·七年级统考期末）—Why are you so _________ today? —Well, I did much homework and stayed up too late last night.A．relaxed B．tired C．excited21．（2023·吉林长春·统考二模）—Last night, I ________ late watching movies online. —Really? If you don’t have enough sleep, you may feel sleepy and tired the next day.A．got up B．took up C．stayed up D．put up【写作佳句】（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）Mary stayed up all night to finish the report.玛丽彻夜未眠以完成报告。考点13 least副词＂最小；最少＂[教材原句] He plays at least twice a week. least副词＂最小；最少＂，形容词＂最小的；最少的＂，least是little的最高级。短语at least表示＂至少＂，其反义短语为：at most 至多。☞ He has the least money of the three. 这三个人中，他的钱最少。☞ I study at least for 6 hours every day. 我每天至少学习6个小时。☞ At least he should say thanks. 他至少应该说声谢谢。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模）—Which city has ________ population, Shanghai, Hong Kong or Qingdao?—Shanghai, of course.A．the most B．the less C．the largest D．the least2．（2023·四川·统考一模）From last September, students in primary and middle schools have ________ one lesson every week to learn basic life skills such as cleaning and cooking.A．less than B．at least C．at last【写作佳句】（2023·四川德阳·统考中考真题）We should spend at least an hour a day doing sports.我们应该一天至少做1小时运动。考点14 be good for意为＂对……有益＂[教材原句] She says it’s good for my health. 她说它（牛奶）对我的健康有好处。（1）be good for意为＂对……有益＂，后可跟名词、代词或动名词。其反义短语be bad for意为＂对……有害＂。☞ Eating vegetables is good for your health. 吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。【易混辨析】 be good for，be good at，be good with与be good to（2）health不可数名词，意为＂健康＂，常用于短语be/stay/keep in good health，意为＂保持健康＂，相当于be/stay/keep healthy。☞ Fresh air and exercise are good for our health. 新鲜空气和运动对我们的健康有益。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2022秋·八年级课时练习）Ben came back home too late last night. His parents must ________ him.A．be good for B．be angry withC．be glad to D．be good at2．（2022·福建福州·福州三牧中学校考模拟预测）—Jack used to ____ fishing, but now he prefers playing chess. —Sometimes hobbies are changing.A．be good at B．be good for C．be good with【写作佳句】.（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题） Running for an hour every day is good for health. 每天跑步小时对你的健康有益。考点15 although conj.虽然;尽管;即使[教材原句] Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管很多学生喜欢看运动类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。although用作连词，意为＂虽然；尽管＂，相当于though，用来引导让步状语从句。☞ Although my grandpa is old, he looks very strong and healthy. 虽然我的爷爷老了，但他看上去很健壮。☞ Although it rained, the boys still played outside. 尽管下雨了，但是那些男孩仍在外面玩耍。=It rained, but the boys still played outside. 注意：在英语的表达习惯中，当表示＂虽然……，但是……＂时，although/though不和but在同一个句子中使用（即二者只能取其一）。但可以和yet连用。☞ Although he was tired, he didn’t stop to have a rest.＝He was tired, but he didn’t stop to have a rest. 尽管他累了，但他没有停下来去休息。【经典练】1．（2023年吉林省长春市中考一模英语试题）________ the little boy is very young, he has visited a lot of countries in the world.A．Although B．Until C．If D．Since2．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）________ my younger brother is seven years old, he can learn English by ________.A．Although; himself B．Though; herself C．But; oneself【写作佳句】（2023年吉林省吉林市中考二模英语试题）Although we didn’t go any further, we never imagine we could make it into the top six.虽然我们没有耿进一步，但是我们从没想过我们能进入前六名。考点16 such adj.& pron.这样的;那样的;类似的[教材原句] Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 比如进行体育活动这样的锻炼是有趣的，当你们一起运动时你可以和朋友、家人一起度过时光。（1）such as意为＂例如；像……一样＂，多用来列举同类人或事物中的几个。☞ There are many big cities in China, such as Beijing and Shanghai. 中国有许多大城市，比如北京和上海。（2）spend及物动词，在此意为＂度过＂，还可表示＂花费（时间、金钱等）＂。☞ Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起过周末吧。【易混辨析】 【经典练】1．（2023·内蒙古兴安盟·统考一模）—I’m wondering ________ this weekend.—What about Nezha? It’s ________ film. I like it very much.A．what to watch; such a moving B．to do what; such moving aC．to go where; so moving D．when to see; so a moving2．（2023·吉林长春·统考二模）—That’s such ________ interesting book. —Yes, I’ve read it three times.A．a B．an C．the D．/【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江鸡西·统考一模）After all, we haven’t had such a beautiful day for a long time. 毕竟，我们很久没有这么美好的一天了。考点17 however＂然而；不过＂[教材原句] However, she has some bad habits, too. 然而，她也有一些坏习惯。however此处用作副词，意为＂然而；不过＂，可位于句首、句中或句末。注意：一般情况下，当however位于句首时，其后加逗号；位于句末时，其前加逗号；位于句中时，其前后都加逗号。☞ She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。【易混辨析】【经典练】1．（2022春·山东滨州·八年级统考期末）—I hear you have a close relationship with Mrs. Miller.—Yes. ________ I go to Paris on business, I go to visit her.A．However B．Whenever C．Whoever D．Wherever【写作佳句】（2021·湖南张家界·统考中考真题）However, I have some bad habits, too. 然而、我也有一些坏习惯。考点18 Less than six. 不到6个（小时）。less than意为＂不到；少于＂，其反义短语为more than，意为＂多于；超过＂，其中less用作副词，意为＂较少＂。☞ He sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠时间不到7个小时。☞ We live here for less than two years. 我们在这儿住了不到两年。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·安徽合肥·合肥寿春中学校考三模）—Less than 60 points? Oh Pat, be _____, the poor girl’s trying her hardest!—Do you mean I’m not a good judge?A．fair B．patient C．strict D．calm2．（2023·四川成都·统考二模）The direct flight from Chengdu to the capital of Uzbekistan makes the flight time ________ between the two places to less than six hours.A．faster B．shorter C．soon【写作佳句】（2023·内蒙古兴安盟·统考一模）Now, people spend less time outdoors than before. 现在，人们花在户外运动的时间比以前少了。考点19 percent n. 百分之……（1）percent单复数同形。与数词连用时，数词应置于percent之前。twenty percent 百分之二十（2）percent of后接名词作主语时，of后的名词如果为不可数名词或单数可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；若为可数名词复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。☞ 65 percent of the children play computer games. 百分之六十五的孩子玩电脑游戏。【写作佳句】（2023·内蒙古兴安盟·统考一模）and almost 90 percent of young Chinese people are near-sighted.而且几乎90％的中国年轻人都是近视。考点20 It is＋adj.（＋for sb.） to do sth.[教材原句] It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用网络或观看游戏类节目放松是好的，但我们认为通过锻炼的方式放松是最好的。（1）本句是由but连接的并列复合句。前一个分句中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows。该句型结构为It is＋adj.（＋for sb.） to do sth.☞ It is easy for me to play ping-pong. 打乒乓球对我来说是容易的。（2）by为介词，意为＂通过；靠＂，此处表示方法、手段，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。☞ He has to do all the work by hand. 所有的工作他都要靠手工完成。☞ You can practice soccer by joining a sports club. 你可以通过加入一个运动俱乐部来练习足球。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）—It’s kind ________ him to help me with my study.—Yes, he is always kind ________ everyone.A．for, of B．of, to C．of, of D．for, to【写作佳句】（2021·西藏·统考中考真题） it’s a good way to relax ourselves by running and swimming.通过跑步和游泳来放松自己是一个很好的运动方式。考点21 through prep. 以，凭借，穿过[教材原句] ... we think the best way to relax is through exercise.我们认为最佳的放松方式是通过锻炼。☞ Go straight through that door under the EXIT sign. 直着穿过那道上方有＂安全出口＂字样的门。【易混辨析】through与across【经典练】1．（2022春·江苏无锡统考期末）Take a map with you, Jason. It can help you walk ________ the forest.A．away B．across C．through D．over2．（2023·重庆铜梁·重庆市巴川中学校校考一模）—May Day this year is really “a sea of people”.—I can’t agree more. You need to go ________ the crowds almost everywhere while travelling.A．across B．through C．over D．above【写作佳句】（2023·陕西西安·西安市铁一中学校考二模）Henry is going through a very hard time. 亨利正在经历一段非常艰难的时期。（2023·浙江金华·统考中考真题）An idea came to me that I could bring the warmth to others through photos.考点22 mind n. 头脑；心智☞ He is ninety years old, but his mind is sharp. 他虽然90岁了，但头脑很灵活。（1）mind作名词，可构成短语：change one’s mind 改变主意；make up one’s mind 下决心。☞ I think nothing can change his mind. 我认为没什么可以改变他的主意。（2）mind 用作动词，意为＂介意＂。常用句型＂Would you mind （one’s）doing sth.?＂意为＂你介意（某人）做某事吗？＂。☞ Would you mind （my） opening the door? 你介意（我）打开门吗？【经典练】1．（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）—It’s a bit hot inside. Do you mind if I open the door? —________. I like cool air too.A．You’re welcome. B．Of course not. C．Don’t mention it. D．Certainly.2．（2022春·河北石家庄·八年级统考期末）— Could you carry that heavy box for me? — ________. I’m strong enough.A．Not at all B．Good idea C．No problem D．Never mind【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模）So you need to keep them in mind. 所以你需要记住它们。考点23 die.消失;灭亡;死亡[教材原句]And remember,"Old habits die hard."并且记住:“旧习难改。☞ His grandfather died last winter. 去年冬天他祖父去世了。【易混辨析】 die of与die from☞ The tree has been dead for a month. 这棵树死了一个月了。☞ The death of his pet cat made him very sad. 他的宠物猫的死让他很伤心。【经典练】1．（2022春·河北保定·八年级统考期末）If wild animals can’t find enough food and clean water, they ________.A．die B．died C．will die D．were dying2．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）—When did the old man __________？—In 2006. He __________ for nearly ten years.A．die; died B．die; has been dead C．dead; has died D．dead; died【写作佳句】（2022·四川·统考中考真题）In some African countries, some people fall ill because of poor diet(饮食) and some even die of hunger. 在一些非洲国家，有些人因为饮食不好而生病，有些人甚至死于饥饿。考点24 point n. 得分；点point可作名词，意为＂得分＂，也可意为＂点；要点；意思＂。☞ If you answer the question correctly, you can get 5 points. 如果你正确地回答了这个问题，你就能得到5分。☞ I can’t see your point. 我不明白你的意思。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·安徽滁州·统考一模）In the camera, these photos record my mom’s bright and unforgettable ________ at an early age.A．points B．moments C．goals D．steps一．语法精讲——一般过去时思维导图频度副词表示事情发生的频率。常见的频度副词有always, sometimes, hardly ever, usually, often, never等。◆常见的频度副词的频率大小如图所示：◆ 频度副词的位置: 频度副词通常放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，但有些频度副词如sometimes，often等位置比较灵活，还可以放在句首或句尾。(注意：always 与not连用，表示部分否定，意为“并非总是”。若要表示全部否定，应用never。)◆ 当对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时，常用how often，意为“多久一次”。如：一、how often引导的特殊疑问句1. how often 意为＂多久(一次)＂，它引导的特殊疑问句用来询问某动作发生的频率。how often通常是对一些表示频率的副词提问，如：always，usually，often，sometimes，never等，也可以对表示＂多久几次＂之类的频率短语提问，如once a week，twice a year，three times a day等。☞ —How often do you go back home? 你多久回家一次? —Once a week/Often/Sometimes. 一周一次/经常/有时。 2. 特别提示：若仅对像once，twice，three times这样只表示次数的词语提问，要用how many times＂多少次＂，不用how often。☞ —How many times have you been to Beijing? 你去过北京多少次?—Only once. 仅仅一次。3. 注意how often与其他短语的区别（1）how long主要用来提问动作延续了多长时间，答语通常含有＂for + 一段时间＂、＂since + 时间点＂或since引导的时间状语从句。问句和答语中的谓语动词通常为延续性动词。how long也可以用来询问长度。 ☞ —How long can I keep this book? 这本书我能借多长时间? —For two weeks. 两周。 ☞ —How long is the bridge? 这座桥有多长? —About 1,000 meters. 大约1，000米。（2）how soon用来询问＂过多久＂动作才发生，谓语动词常为终止性动词，时态多为将来时，答语通常为＂in +一段时间＂。 ☞ —How soon will you get here? 你还有多久能到这里? —In five minutes. 五分钟以后。（3）how far用来询问两地之间的距离＂有多远＂。 ☞ —How far is it from your home to your factory? 你家离你的工厂有多远? —About twenty minutes’ walk. 步行大约20分钟。二、＂比较法＂学习频率副词＂总分总法＂写关于调查报告类的作文 话题分析本单元的话题是＂课余活动＂，围绕这一话题谈论从事某一活动的频率。在写作方面，要求写一篇有关日常活动的调查报告。写作时，开篇要点题，即点出调查报告的主体和对象；其次，要对调查报告的内容展开分述，要正确使用频度副词（如always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly ever，never等）及次数（如once，twice，three times等）的表达；结尾要进行综述以表达中心观点。 写作步骤◆ 总：整体介绍所要进行的调查；◆ 分：逐条介绍相应内容；◆ 总：总结并整体评价。假如你是李华，是你校英语俱乐部的一员。上周你在同学中进行了一项调查，主题是“最喜欢的卡通人物”。请你根据下面的调查结果，用英语写一篇调查报告。要点提示：1. 简要说明调查结果，并说明最受欢迎的卡通人物是什么；2. 说一说你最喜欢的卡通人物以及喜欢它的原因。要求：1. 包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥；2. 不少于80词。参考词汇：做调查 make a survey_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________典例欣赏：Recently students in my class have made a survey of "Favorite cartoon characters "。Different students hold different opinions in this survey．Some students like Mickey Mouse,because they think it is very clever and they can learn a lot from it.Some students like Peppa Pig.It’s lovely.The others like Jerry.Because it’s very naughty and funny.And it always make them laugh.But I like Mickey Mouse best.Because I think it’s the most classic cartoon characters of all.It also act very well.【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。请你根据下面的调查结果，用英语写一篇调查报告。注意时态的使用,并灵活运用所学单词、短语以及句型，使文章更加生动形象。2.写作指导：本文时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第一、三人称。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。Unit 2 How often do you exercise?一、重点词汇on weekends 在周末twice / three times a week 一周两 / 三次stay up late 熬夜swing dance 摇摆舞How come? 怎么会呢？go to the movies 去看电影hardly ever 几乎从不   junk food 垃圾食品 help with housework 帮忙做家务go shopping 去购物use the Internet 使用互联网read English books 阅读英文书籍favorite program 最喜欢的节目have piano lessons 上钢琴课drink milk 喝牛奶go to bed 上床睡觉eat a healthy breakfast 吃健康的早餐 Section B in the free time 在空闲时间ask sb. about sth. 询问某人关于某事at least 至少；不少于；起码be good for health 对健康有好处draw pictures 画画go online 上网go camping 去野营less than 少于go to the dentist 看牙医 play computer games 玩电脑游戏play sports 做运动more than 多于such as 例如；像……这样... percent of the students 百分之……的学生the answer to the question 问题的答案want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。二、句型归纳1. How often do you have piano lessons?2. What do you usually do on weekends?3. How many hours do you sleep every night?4. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day.5. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.四、教学重难点1. 对6个频度副词细微差异的理解及使用。 弄清一般现在时在不同人称下动词形式及提问的变化。2. 第三人称单数谓语动词在此核心句型中的运用。谈论课余时间的各项活动，以及初步认识和使用频率副词。3. —How often do you /does he(she)….? —He usually…频度副词的用法: always; usually ; often ; sometimes; hardly ever; never 4. 第三人称单数谓语动词在此核心句型中的运用。能够谈论课余时间的各项活动，以及初步认识和使用频率副词。 5.掌握本课时出现的生词及表达方式。进行听力训练，提高综合听说能力。6. 能运所给的提示词来描写个人的饮食起居等方面的习惯。能运用一些相关资料对他人进行好习惯与坏习惯的调查。能运所给的提示词来描写个人的饮食起居等方面的习惯。Unit 2 How often do you exercise?考点1 on weekends“在周末”[教材原句]　What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常做什么？ on weekends“在周末”，泛指每个周末，而on the weekend则表示“在周末，在这个周末”，特指某个周末。☞ I have piano lessons on weekends. 我周末上钢琴课。（泛指周末）☞ I will go shopping on the weekend. 周末我要去购物。（特指本周末）注意：表示“在周末”时，英式英语中用at: at weekends/at the weekend;美式英语中用on：on weekends/on the weekend②表示“在工作日”用on weekdays。【经典练】1.（2023·河北邯郸·校联考三模）The volunteers ________ the sick kids in the hospital on weekends.A．look after B．look up C．find out D．give up【答案】A【详解】句意：志愿者们周末在医院照顾生病的孩子。考查动词短语辨析。look after照看；look up查阅；find out找出；give up放弃。根据“the sick kids in the hospital on weekends.”可知，这里是志愿者们周末在医院照顾生病的孩子。故选A。【写作佳句】（2021·浙江绍兴·统考一模）On weekdays, we have a big break for sports every morning.在工作日，我们每天早上都有一个大的运动休息时间。考点2 help with housework 帮忙做家务（1）help with sth意为＂帮忙做某事＂。☞ My little brother often helps with housework at home. 我弟弟经常在家帮忙做家务。【知识拓展】housework为不可数名词，意为＂家务劳动；家务活＂，常用短语为：do housework，意为＂做家务＂。☞ The boy doesn’t like doing housework. 这个男孩不喜欢做家务。【经典练】1．（2023·吉林白城·统考一模）Lucy, my little sister, is only six, but ________ can help with some housework.A．he B．she C．it【答案】B【详解】句意：露西，我的小妹妹，只有六岁，但她可以帮忙做一些家务。考查代词辨析。he他；she她；it它。根据“Lucy, my little sister,”可知，Lucy是女生，应该用代词she指代。故选B。2．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Could you help me with housework ______ you are free today?A．since B．though C．unless【答案】A【详解】句意：既然你今天有空，你能帮我做家务吗？ 考查连词辨析。since既然；though虽然；unless除非。空后句表示原因，应用since引导原因状语从句。故选A。【写作佳句】（2023·陕西咸阳·统考二模）When I was a little girl, I was asked to help with housework.当我是一个小女孩的时候，我被要求帮助做家务。 考点3 sometimes 有时sometimes频度副词，意为＂有时＂。同义短语为at times。☞ I sometimes play computer games. 我有时候玩电脑游戏【易混辨析】 ☞ Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。 ☞ I have read the story some times. 这个故事我读了好几遍。 ☞ I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. 下周的某个时间我要去上海。 ☞ I’ll stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。【经典练】1．（2023·湖北襄阳·统考二模）—Jack ________ laughs these days, what’s up?—Oh, he just failed his speech competition last week.A．often B．sometimes C．always D．seldom【答案】D【详解】句意：——杰克这些天很少笑，怎么了？——哦，他上周的演讲比赛失败了。考查频度副词。often经常；sometimes有时；always总是；seldom很少。根据“he just failed his speech competition last week.”可知，演讲比赛失败了，所以此处表示很少笑。故选D。【写作佳句】（2022春·山东·八年级统考期末）Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends.有时你会遇到公平的天气朋友。考点4 hardly ever 几乎从不[教材原句] He hardly ever watches TV.他几乎从不看电视。hardly ever相当于hardly，ever起强调作用。其中hardly用作副词，意为“几乎不/没有”，它本身具有否定意义，不能再与其他否定词连用。☞ She hardly ever eats anything. 她几乎什么都没吃。☞ There’s hardly any food left. 几乎没有剩下食物。 【易混辨析】 hardly与hard【经典练】1．（2022秋·广西贺州·八年级校考期末）I _______ go to the movies on Saturday evening. I usually watch TV with my parents.A．always B．hardly ever C．sometimes【答案】B【详解】句意：星期六晚上我几乎从不去看电影。我通常和父母一起看电视。考查副词辨析。always总是；hardly ever几乎不；sometimes有时。根据“I usually watch TV with my parents”可知，我经常和父母看电视，故可推测出，我几乎不去看电影。故选B。2．（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级武汉西藏中学校考期末）—How often do you exercise?  —________. Because I am very busy with my work.A．Always B．Hardly ever C．Usually D．Very often【答案】B【详解】句意：——你多久锻炼一次？——几乎不锻炼。因为我的工作很忙。考查副词辨析。Always总是；Hardly ever几乎不；Usually经常；Very often非常频繁。根据“Because I am very busy with my work.”可知，工作很忙，所以基本不锻炼，故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·湖南永州·统考三模）I could hardly believe my eyes . 我几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。考点5 every day 每天[教材原句] I watch TV every day. 我每天看电视。☞ I like you more and more every day. 我一天比一天更加喜欢你了。☞ He exercises every day. 他每天锻炼。【易混辨析】 every day与everyday【经典练】1．（2023·福建福州·福州三牧中学校考二模）You’d better go to bed early every day, ________ your health will be in a bad state.A．or B．and C．but【答案】A【详解】句意：你最好每天早睡觉，不然你的健康状况将会很糟糕。考查并列连词辨析。or否则；and和；but但是。根据“You’d better go to bed early every day”可知，最好早点睡，否则对身体健康不好，空格处应用or表示否定的条件假设，故选A。2．（2023·海南海口·统考一模）—I’d like to keep a pet, but I am busy all day. —Goldfish (金鱼) are a good choice. You ________ feed them every day.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t【答案】C【详解】句意：——我想要一只宠物，但是我整天都很忙。——金鱼是一个不错的选择。你不必每天喂它们。考查情态动词。mustn’t不允许；can’t不能；needn’t没必要。根据“Goldfish (金鱼) are a good choice. You… feed them every day.”可知，“没必要”整天喂它们。故选C。【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）As students, we sometimes feel it boring to do homework every day.作为学生，我们有时觉得每天做作业很无聊。考点6 once a week 每周一次（1）once用作副词，表示次数，意为＂一次＂。次数的表达如下：（2）once也可意为＂曾经＂。☞ He once lived in America. 他曾在美国生活过。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·福建三明·统考一模）—________ do you write to your pen friend, Jimmy?—Once a week.A．How often B．How soon C．How long【答案】A【详解】句意：——Jimmy，你多久给你的笔友写一封信？——一周一次。考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How long多长时间。根据答句“Once a week.”可知，是问频率，用How often符合题意。故选A。考点7 how often 多久一次[教材原句] How often do you watch TV? 你多久看 一次电视？本句是含有特殊疑问词组how often 的特殊疑问句。 how often 多久一次，用于对动作发生的频率进行提问。回答应该是频度副词或表示频率的词组，如always，usually，often，sometimes，never，hardly，ever every day，once a week，three times a day等。☞ —How often do you go to the movies? 你多久去看一次电影？ —Once a week. 一周一次。【易混辨析】 特殊疑问句中与how相关的疑问词组用法【经典练】1．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州杨桥中学校考三模）—________ is it since the CPC was founded? —One hundred and one years.A．How often B．How long C．How soon【答案】B【详解】句意：——中国共产党成立有多久了？——101年了。考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How long多长时间；How soon多久以后。根据“One hundred and one years.”可知此处对时间长短进行提问，用How long引导。故选B。2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第六十九中学校校考三模）—________ do they stay up late?—Never. They always go to bed early.A．How long B．How often C．How many times【答案】B【详解】句意：——他们多长时间熬一次夜？——从来没有。他们总是早早上床睡觉。考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，提问时间段；How often多久一次，提问频率；How many times多少次，提问次数。根据答语Never可知，问句应该是提问熬夜的频率，故用how often提问，故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·北京·统考中考真题）How often do you tidy your own room? 你多久整理一次你自己的房间？考点8 full adj.忙的;满的;充满的[教材原句]... next week is quite full for me... ……我下周相当忙……full形容词，此处意为＂忙的＂，其同义词是busy，反义词是free。☞ Her life is so full that she doesn’t have time for hobbies. 她的生活太忙了，以至于她没有时间培养业余爱好。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考二模）—Why do you like teaching, Ms. Lee?—I’m glad to see in the children’s eyes that they ________ knowledge.A．are thirsty for B．are full of C．are worried about【答案】A【详解】句意：——Ms. Lee，你为什么喜欢教学？——(因为)我很高兴能在孩子们眼中看到他们对知识的渴望。考查形容词短语辨析。are thirsty for对……渴望；are full of充满……；are worried about担心……。根据“knowledge”可知，此处应是对知识的渴望。故选A。2．（2023春·河北石家庄·七年级石家庄市第八十一中学校考阶段练习）—Would you like a piece of cake?—________. I’m full.A．Yes, please B．No, thanks C．OK D．I don’t want any【答案】B【详解】句意：——你想要一块蛋糕吗？——不，谢谢。我吃饱了。考查情景交际。Yes, please是的，请；No, thanks不，谢谢；OK好的；I don’t want any我不想要。根据“I’m full.”可知，不想要蛋糕了，且为了礼貌，要回答谢谢，故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·吉林白山·统考二模）it will be full of the unexpected.他将会充满意外。考点9 How about…? “……怎么样？”[教材原句] Well , how about Tuesday? 那么，周二怎么样？How about…? (=What about…?) 意为“……怎么样？”，用来向对方征求意见或询问情况。☞ I like vegetables. How /What about you ? 我喜欢蔬菜。你呢？☞ It’s sunny today. How /What about playing tennis?今天阳光明媚。去打网球怎么样？【经典练】1．（2023·江西九江·统考二模）—How about taking the bus there?—Why not take a taxi? It’s ________.A．quick B．quicker C．quickest D．slower【答案】B【详解】句意：——坐公共汽车去那里怎么样？——为什么不坐出租车呢？它更快。 考查形容词比较级。quick快的；quicker更快的；quickest最快的；slower更慢的。根据“Why not take a taxi?”此处是把出租车和公共汽车进行对比，认为出租车更快，需要用比较级，故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）How about 8 o’clock at the zoo gate?8点钟在动物园门口怎么样？考点10 have to 意为“不得不，必须”[教材原句] Oh, I have to play tennis with my friends. 噢，我得跟我的朋友打网球。have to 意为“不得不，必须”，其后接动词原形，进行各种句式转换时需借助于助动词。☞ I have to do my homework now. 我现在不得不做家庭作业。☞ We don’t have to go to school on Sundays. 星期天我们不必上学。【易混辨析】 have to与must☞ Does your mother have to get up early? 你妈妈不得不早起吗？☞ I must go now. 现在我必须走了。【经典练】1．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）—Miss Li. I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel. —I’m afraid you ________. After all, you broke his glasses.A．may B．have to C．mustn’t D．needn’t【答案】B【详解】句意：——李小姐。我不想向丹尼尔道歉。——恐怕你必须这么做。毕竟，你打破碎了他的眼镜。考查情态动词。may可能；have to必须；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。根据“After all, you broke his glasses.”可知对方必须要向丹尼尔道歉，故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·四川成都·统考二模）You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course.你不必给午餐钱，当然衣服也不用。 考点11 maybe adv. 大概；或许；可能maybe为副词，意为＂大概；或许；可能＂。表示推测，一般位于句首。☞ Maybe these nutrients are helpful to your health. 或许这些营养品对你的健康有帮助。☞ Maybe he knows the way to the zoo. 也许他知道去动物园的路。【易混辨析】 maybe与may be【经典练】1．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）—Millie, I can’t solve the problems by myself. What should I do?  —Maybe working in groups is a good ________.A．method B．survey C．report D．secret【答案】A【详解】句意：——Millie，我自己解决不了这些问题。我该怎么办？——也许小组合作是个好方法。考查名词辨析。method方法；survey调查；report报告；secret秘密。根据“I can’t solve the problems by myself. What should I do?”及“Maybe working in groups is a good …”可知，是提供解决这件事情的办法，故选A。【写作佳句】（2019·湖北·统考中考真题）“Hope is a good thing. Maybe the best of things and no good thing ever dies.”希望是件好事，也许最好的东西永远不会消失。----The Shawshank Kedemption 中文译名：《肖申克的救赎》考点12 stay up 熬夜[教材原句]She seldom stay up late.她很少熬夜。stay up是固定短语，意为＂熬夜；不睡觉＂，与sit up同义。stay up late指＂熬夜到很晚，迟睡＂。☞ He stayed up too late last night. 他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。☞ I used to stay up late with my mom and watch movies. 我过去常和妈妈熬夜看电影。【经典练】20．（2022春·山东菏泽·七年级统考期末）—Why are you so _________ today? —Well, I did much homework and stayed up too late last night.A．relaxed B．tired C．excited【答案】B【详解】句意：——你今天为什么这么累？——嗯，我昨天晚上做了很多作业并且熬夜太晚了。考查形容词词义辨析。relaxed放松的；tired疲倦的，疲劳的；excited兴奋的。根据“I did much homework and stayed up too late last night.”可以推断，昨天晚上因为做了很多作业并且熬夜太晚而感到很累。故选B。21．（2023·吉林长春·统考二模）—Last night, I ________ late watching movies online. —Really? If you don’t have enough sleep, you may feel sleepy and tired the next day.A．got up B．took up C．stayed up D．put up【答案】C【详解】句意：——昨天晚上，我熬夜在网上看电影。——真的吗？如果你睡眠不足，第二天你可能会感到困倦和疲倦。考查动词短语辨析。got up起床；took up占用；stayed up熬夜；put up搭起。根据“If you don’t have enough sleep, you may feel sleepy and tired the next day.”可知，这里是熬夜在网上看电影。故选C。【写作佳句】（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）Mary stayed up all night to finish the report.玛丽彻夜未眠以完成报告。考点13 least副词＂最小；最少＂[教材原句] He plays at least twice a week. least副词＂最小；最少＂，形容词＂最小的；最少的＂，least是little的最高级。短语at least表示＂至少＂，其反义短语为：at most 至多。☞ He has the least money of the three. 这三个人中，他的钱最少。☞ I study at least for 6 hours every day. 我每天至少学习6个小时。☞ At least he should say thanks. 他至少应该说声谢谢。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模）—Which city has ________ population, Shanghai, Hong Kong or Qingdao?—Shanghai, of course.A．the most B．the less C．the largest D．the least【答案】C【详解】句意：——上海、香港或青岛，哪个城市的人口最多？——当然是上海。考查形容词最高级词义辨析。the most最多的，一般用来表示数量最多；the less更少的；the largest最大的，表示物体最大或人口最多；the least意为“最小的；最少的”，表示物体最小或数量最少。population在表示“人口多少”时，一般用large和small来修饰，不用much或little。结合“Shanghai, Hong Kong or Qingdao上海、香港或青岛”可知，上海的人口最多。故选C。2．（2023·四川·统考一模）From last September, students in primary and middle schools have ________ one lesson every week to learn basic life skills such as cleaning and cooking.A．less than B．at least C．at last【答案】B【详解】句意：从去年9月开始，中小学生每周至少上一节课，学习清洁和烹饪等基本生活技能。考查介词短语辨析。less than少于；at least至少；at last最后。根据“have...one lesson every week to learn basic life skills such as cleaning and cooking”可知，是每周至少有一节课来学习一些基本生活技能。故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·四川德阳·统考中考真题）We should spend at least an hour a day doing sports.我们应该一天至少做1小时运动。考点14 be good for意为＂对……有益＂[教材原句] She says it’s good for my health. 她说它（牛奶）对我的健康有好处。（1）be good for意为＂对……有益＂，后可跟名词、代词或动名词。其反义短语be bad for意为＂对……有害＂。☞ Eating vegetables is good for your health. 吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。【易混辨析】 be good for，be good at，be good with与be good to（2）health不可数名词，意为＂健康＂，常用于短语be/stay/keep in good health，意为＂保持健康＂，相当于be/stay/keep healthy。☞ Fresh air and exercise are good for our health. 新鲜空气和运动对我们的健康有益。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2022秋·八年级课时练习）Ben came back home too late last night. His parents must ________ him.A．be good for B．be angry withC．be glad to D．be good at【答案】B【详解】句意：本昨晚回家太晚了。他的父母一定生他的气了。考查形容词短语。be good for对……有好处；be angry with对……生气；be glad to对……高兴；be good at擅长；根据“Ben came back home too late last night.”可知，父母一定很生气，故选B。2．（2022·福建福州·福州三牧中学校考模拟预测）—Jack used to ________ fishing, but now he prefers playing chess. —Sometimes hobbies are changing.A．be good at B．be good for C．be good with【答案】A【详解】句意：——杰克以前很擅长钓鱼，但现在他更喜欢下棋了。——有时爱好会发生变化。考查形容词短语。be good at擅长；be good for对……有好处；be good with与……相处得好。根据“but now he prefers playing chess”可知Jack之前擅长钓鱼。故选A。【写作佳句】.（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题） Running for an hour every day is good for health. 每天跑步小时对你的健康有益。考点15 although conj.虽然;尽管;即使[教材原句] Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管很多学生喜欢看运动类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。although用作连词，意为＂虽然；尽管＂，相当于though，用来引导让步状语从句。☞ Although my grandpa is old, he looks very strong and healthy. 虽然我的爷爷老了，但他看上去很健壮。☞ Although it rained, the boys still played outside. 尽管下雨了，但是那些男孩仍在外面玩耍。=It rained, but the boys still played outside. 注意：在英语的表达习惯中，当表示＂虽然……，但是……＂时，although/though不和but在同一个句子中使用（即二者只能取其一）。但可以和yet连用。☞ Although he was tired, he didn’t stop to have a rest.＝He was tired, but he didn’t stop to have a rest. 尽管他累了，但他没有停下来去休息。【经典练】1．（2023年吉林省长春市中考一模英语试题）________ the little boy is very young, he has visited a lot of countries in the world.A．Although B．Until C．If D．Since【答案】A【详解】句意：虽然这个小男孩还很小，但他已经参观了世界上很多国家。考查连词。Although虽然，尽管；Until直到；If如果；Since自从。根据“...the little boy is very young, he has visited a lot of countries in the world.”可知，前后句之间是一种转折关系，故用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。2．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）________ my younger brother is seven years old, he can learn English by ________.A．Although; himself B．Though; herself C．But; oneself【答案】A【详解】句意：尽管我的弟弟只有七岁，但是他能够自学英语。考查让步状语从句和反身代词。Although尽管；Though尽管； But但是。分析句子结构可知，此处是让步状语从句，用although或though引导，可排除C选项；himself他自己；herself他自己； oneself某人自己，空二需用himself，与主语he保持一致。故选A。【写作佳句】（2023年吉林省吉林市中考二模英语试题）Although we didn’t go any further, we never imagine we could make it into the top six.虽然我们没有耿进一步，但是我们从没想过我们能进入前六名。考点16 such adj.& pron.这样的;那样的;类似的[教材原句] Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 比如进行体育活动这样的锻炼是有趣的，当你们一起运动时你可以和朋友、家人一起度过时光。（1）such as意为＂例如；像……一样＂，多用来列举同类人或事物中的几个。☞ There are many big cities in China, such as Beijing and Shanghai. 中国有许多大城市，比如北京和上海。（2）spend及物动词，在此意为＂度过＂，还可表示＂花费（时间、金钱等）＂。☞ Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起过周末吧。【易混辨析】 【经典练】1．（2023·内蒙古兴安盟·统考一模）—I’m wondering ________ this weekend.—What about Nezha? It’s ________ film. I like it very much.A．what to watch; such a moving B．to do what; such moving aC．to go where; so moving D．when to see; so a moving【答案】A【详解】句意：——我想知道这周末看什么。——《哪吒》怎么样？它是如此动人的一部电影。我非常喜欢它。考查“疑问词+动词不定式”及such/so的使用。wondering后接“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，结合“What about Nezha?”可知问看什么，用what to watch；such a moving film=so moving a film。故选A。2．（2023·吉林长春·统考二模）—That’s such ________ interesting book. —Yes, I’ve read it three times.A．a B．an C．the D．/【答案】B【详解】句意：——那是一本很有趣的书。 ——是的，我已经读了三遍了。考查冠词。不定冠词a，an用来表示不特定的人或事物。a用于辅音音素开头的词前；an用于元音音素开头的词前。the表示特指。空后的interesting book是单数，表泛指，而interesting是以元音音素开头的单词，用an修饰。故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江鸡西·统考一模）After all, we haven’t had such a beautiful day for a long time. 毕竟，我们很久没有这么美好的一天了。考点17 however＂然而；不过＂[教材原句] However, she has some bad habits, too. 然而，她也有一些坏习惯。however此处用作副词，意为＂然而；不过＂，可位于句首、句中或句末。注意：一般情况下，当however位于句首时，其后加逗号；位于句末时，其前加逗号；位于句中时，其前后都加逗号。☞ She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。【易混辨析】【经典练】1．（2022春·山东滨州·八年级统考期末）—I hear you have a close relationship with Mrs. Miller.—Yes. ________ I go to Paris on business, I go to visit her.A．However B．Whenever C．Whoever D．Wherever【答案】B【详解】句意：——我听说你和米勒太太的关系很好。——是的，无论什么时候我去巴黎出差，我都会去看她。考查连词辨析。However无论如何；Whenever无论何时；Whoever无论是谁；Wherever无论在哪。根据“... I go to Paris on business, I go to visit her” 可知，每当去巴黎的时候，都会去看望米勒太太，因此whenever符合语境。故选B。【写作佳句】（2021·湖南张家界·统考中考真题）However, I have some bad habits, too. 然而、我也有一些坏习惯。考点18 Less than six. 不到6个（小时）。less than意为＂不到；少于＂，其反义短语为more than，意为＂多于；超过＂，其中less用作副词，意为＂较少＂。☞ He sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠时间不到7个小时。☞ We live here for less than two years. 我们在这儿住了不到两年。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·安徽合肥·合肥寿春中学校考三模）—Less than 60 points? Oh Pat, be _____, the poor girl’s trying her hardest!—Do you mean I’m not a good judge?A．fair B．patient C．strict D．calm【答案】A【详解】句意：——低于60分？噢，帕特，公平地说，这个可怜的女孩正在尽力！——你是说我不是一个好裁判吗？考查形容词辨析。fair公平的；patient有耐心的；strict严格的；calm平静的。根据“Do you mean I’m not a good judge”可知，此处是指公平地说。故选A。2．（2023·四川成都·统考二模）The direct flight from Chengdu to the capital of Uzbekistan makes the flight time ________ between the two places to less than six hours.A．faster B．shorter C．soon【答案】B【详解】句意：成都直飞乌兹别克斯坦首都的航班，使两地之间的飞行时间缩短至不到六个小时。考查比较级。faster更快；shorter更短；soon很快，不久。根据“less than six hours”可知直飞航班缩短了两地之间的飞行时间。故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·内蒙古兴安盟·统考一模）Now, people spend less time outdoors than before. 现在，人们花在户外运动的时间比以前少了。考点19 percent n. 百分之……（1）percent单复数同形。与数词连用时，数词应置于percent之前。twenty percent 百分之二十（2）percent of后接名词作主语时，of后的名词如果为不可数名词或单数可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；若为可数名词复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。☞ 65 percent of the children play computer games. 百分之六十五的孩子玩电脑游戏。【写作佳句】（2023·内蒙古兴安盟·统考一模）and almost 90 percent of young Chinese people are near-sighted.而且几乎90％的中国年轻人都是近视。考点20 It is＋adj.（＋for sb.） to do sth.[教材原句] It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用网络或观看游戏类节目放松是好的，但我们认为通过锻炼的方式放松是最好的。（1）本句是由but连接的并列复合句。前一个分句中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows。该句型结构为It is＋adj.（＋for sb.） to do sth.☞ It is easy for me to play ping-pong. 打乒乓球对我来说是容易的。（2）by为介词，意为＂通过；靠＂，此处表示方法、手段，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。☞ He has to do all the work by hand. 所有的工作他都要靠手工完成。☞ You can practice soccer by joining a sports club. 你可以通过加入一个运动俱乐部来练习足球。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）—It’s kind ________ him to help me with my study.—Yes, he is always kind ________ everyone.A．for, of B．of, to C．of, of D．for, to【答案】B【详解】句意：——他帮助我学习真是太好了。——是的，他对每个人都很友好。考查介词辨析。句型“It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”中形容词常用于表示事物的特征、特点；句型“It’s+形容词+of sb. to do sth.”中形容词一般用表示人物的性格、品德。第一个空前kind形容他这个人的品德，所以用介词of。第二个空为短语“be kind to sb.”，意为“对某人友好”，故选B。【写作佳句】（2021·西藏·统考中考真题） it’s a good way to relax ourselves by running and swimming.通过跑步和游泳来放松自己是一个很好的运动方式。考点21 through prep. 以，凭借，穿过[教材原句] ... we think the best way to relax is through exercise.我们认为最佳的放松方式是通过锻炼。☞ Go straight through that door under the EXIT sign. 直着穿过那道上方有＂安全出口＂字样的门。【易混辨析】through与across【经典练】1．（2022春·江苏无锡统考期末）Take a map with you, Jason. It can help you walk ________ the forest.A．away B．across C．through D．over【答案】C【详解】句意：带一个地图，杰森。它帮助你穿过森林。考查介词辨析。away离……有多远；across横穿；through从……内部穿过；over在……上方。从森林中穿过是从内部穿过。故选C。2．（2023·重庆铜梁·重庆市巴川中学校校考一模）—May Day this year is really “a sea of people”.—I can’t agree more. You need to go ________ the crowds almost everywhere while travelling.A．across B．through C．over D．above【答案】B【详解】句意：——今年的五一节真是“人山人海”。——我非常同意。旅行时你需要穿过几乎所有地方的人群。考查介词辨析。across主要表示从某物的表面“横过”，涉及“面”的概念；through表示从某个空间“穿过”，涉及“体”的概念，指“体”内进行时，表示穿过两端。over在……正上方，强调垂直在……之上；over也意为“超过，越过”；above表示“在上面，高于”，不一定垂直。根据后面“the crowds”可知此处指的是“穿过人群”，要用介词through。故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·陕西西安·西安市铁一中学校考二模）Henry is going through a very hard time. 亨利正在经历一段非常艰难的时期。（2023·浙江金华·统考中考真题）An idea came to me that I could bring the warmth to others through photos.考点22 mind n. 头脑；心智☞ He is ninety years old, but his mind is sharp. 他虽然90岁了，但头脑很灵活。（1）mind作名词，可构成短语：change one’s mind 改变主意；make up one’s mind 下决心。☞ I think nothing can change his mind. 我认为没什么可以改变他的主意。（2）mind 用作动词，意为＂介意＂。常用句型＂Would you mind （one’s）doing sth.?＂意为＂你介意（某人）做某事吗？＂。☞ Would you mind （my） opening the door? 你介意（我）打开门吗？【经典练】1．（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）—It’s a bit hot inside. Do you mind if I open the door? —________. I like cool air too.A．You’re welcome. B．Of course not. C．Don’t mention it. D．Certainly.【答案】B【详解】句意：——里面有点热。如果我打开门，你介意吗？——当然不介意。我也喜欢凉爽的空气。考查情景交际。You’re welcome不用客气；Of course not当然不；Don’t mention it不要提它；Certainly当然。根据“I like cool air too.”可知，我喜欢凉爽的空气，因此不介意打开门，故选B。2．（2022春·河北石家庄·八年级统考期末）— Could you carry that heavy box for me? — ________. I’m strong enough.A．Not at all B．Good idea C．No problem D．Never mind【答案】C【详解】句意：——你能帮我搬那个重箱子吗？——没问题。我足够强壮。考查情景交际。Not at all不客气；Good idea好主意；No problem没问题；Never mind没关系。根据空后句“I’m strong enough.”可知，空处应是No problem“没问题”，表示同意帮忙。故选C。【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模）So you need to keep them in mind. 所以你需要记住它们。考点23 die.消失;灭亡;死亡[教材原句]And remember,"Old habits die hard."并且记住:“旧习难改。☞ His grandfather died last winter. 去年冬天他祖父去世了。【易混辨析】 die of与die from☞ The tree has been dead for a month. 这棵树死了一个月了。☞ The death of his pet cat made him very sad. 他的宠物猫的死让他很伤心。【经典练】1．（2022春·河北保定·八年级统考期末）If wild animals can’t find enough food and clean water, they ________.A．die B．died C．will die D．were dying【答案】C【详解】句意：如果野生动物找不到足够的食物和干净的水，它们就会死亡。考查动词时态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，时态上遵循“主将从现”原则，所以主句用一般将来时（will do）。故选C。2．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）—When did the old man __________？—In 2006. He __________ for nearly ten years.A．die; died B．die; has been dead C．dead; has died D．dead; died【答案】B【详解】句意：——这个老人什么时候去世的？——在2006年。他已经去世将近10年了。考查动词时态。根据问句中的“did”可知，第一空要用“去世”的动词原形形式die；根据“for nearly ten years”可知，第二空要用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+done”，和时间段连用要用延续性动词，形容词“be dead”可表连续性状态，又因为第二空前面主语是he，所以空格处要用has been dead。故选B。【写作佳句】（2022·四川·统考中考真题）In some African countries, some people fall ill because of poor diet(饮食) and some even die of hunger. 在一些非洲国家，有些人因为饮食不好而生病，有些人甚至死于饥饿。考点24 point n. 得分；点point可作名词，意为＂得分＂，也可意为＂点；要点；意思＂。☞ If you answer the question correctly, you can get 5 points. 如果你正确地回答了这个问题，你就能得到5分。☞ I can’t see your point. 我不明白你的意思。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2023·安徽滁州·统考一模）In the camera, these photos record my mom’s bright and unforgettable ________ at an early age.A．points B．moments C．goals D．steps【答案】B【详解】句意：在相机里，这些照片记录了我妈妈小时候的灿烂和难忘的时刻。考查名词辨析。points点；moments时刻；goals目标；steps步骤。根据”In the camera, these photos record my mom’s bright and unforgettable...“可知，此处指灿烂和难忘的时刻，故选B。一．语法精讲——一般过去时思维导图频度副词表示事情发生的频率。常见的频度副词有always, sometimes, hardly ever, usually, often, never等。◆常见的频度副词的频率大小如图所示：◆ 频度副词的位置: 频度副词通常放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，但有些频度副词如sometimes，often等位置比较灵活，还可以放在句首或句尾。(注意：always 与not连用，表示部分否定，意为“并非总是”。若要表示全部否定，应用never。)◆ 当对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时，常用how often，意为“多久一次”。如：一、how often引导的特殊疑问句1. how often 意为＂多久(一次)＂，它引导的特殊疑问句用来询问某动作发生的频率。how often通常是对一些表示频率的副词提问，如：always，usually，often，sometimes，never等，也可以对表示＂多久几次＂之类的频率短语提问，如once a week，twice a year，three times a day等。☞ —How often do you go back home? 你多久回家一次? —Once a week/Often/Sometimes. 一周一次/经常/有时。 2. 特别提示：若仅对像once，twice，three times这样只表示次数的词语提问，要用how many times＂多少次＂，不用how often。☞ —How many times have you been to Beijing? 你去过北京多少次?—Only once. 仅仅一次。3. 注意how often与其他短语的区别（1）how long主要用来提问动作延续了多长时间，答语通常含有＂for + 一段时间＂、＂since + 时间点＂或since引导的时间状语从句。问句和答语中的谓语动词通常为延续性动词。how long也可以用来询问长度。 ☞ —How long can I keep this book? 这本书我能借多长时间? —For two weeks. 两周。 ☞ —How long is the bridge? 这座桥有多长? —About 1,000 meters. 大约1，000米。（2）how soon用来询问＂过多久＂动作才发生，谓语动词常为终止性动词，时态多为将来时，答语通常为＂in +一段时间＂。 ☞ —How soon will you get here? 你还有多久能到这里? —In five minutes. 五分钟以后。（3）how far用来询问两地之间的距离＂有多远＂。 ☞ —How far is it from your home to your factory? 你家离你的工厂有多远? —About twenty minutes’ walk. 步行大约20分钟。二、＂比较法＂学习频率副词＂总分总法＂写关于调查报告类的作文 话题分析本单元的话题是＂课余活动＂，围绕这一话题谈论从事某一活动的频率。在写作方面，要求写一篇有关日常活动的调查报告。写作时，开篇要点题，即点出调查报告的主体和对象；其次，要对调查报告的内容展开分述，要正确使用频度副词（如always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly ever，never等）及次数（如once，twice，three times等）的表达；结尾要进行综述以表达中心观点。 写作步骤◆ 总：整体介绍所要进行的调查；◆ 分：逐条介绍相应内容；◆ 总：总结并整体评价。假如你是李华，是你校英语俱乐部的一员。上周你在同学中进行了一项调查，主题是“最喜欢的卡通人物”。请你根据下面的调查结果，用英语写一篇调查报告。要点提示：1. 简要说明调查结果，并说明最受欢迎的卡通人物是什么；2. 说一说你最喜欢的卡通人物以及喜欢它的原因。要求：1. 包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥；2. 不少于80词。参考词汇：做调查 make a survey_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________典例欣赏：Recently students in my class have made a survey of "Favorite cartoon characters "。Different students hold different opinions in this survey．Some students like Mickey Mouse,because they think it is very clever and they can learn a lot from it.Some students like Peppa Pig.It’s lovely.The others like Jerry.Because it’s very naughty and funny.And it always make them laugh.But I like Mickey Mouse best.Because I think it’s the most classic cartoon characters of all.It also act very well.【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。请你根据下面的调查结果，用英语写一篇调查报告。注意时态的使用,并灵活运用所学单词、短语以及句型，使文章更加生动形象。2.写作指导：本文时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第一、三人称。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。Unit 2 How often do you exercise?一、重点词汇on weekends 在周末twice / three times a week 一周两 / 三次stay up late 熬夜swing dance 摇摆舞How come? 怎么会呢？go to the movies 去看电影hardly ever 几乎从不   junk food 垃圾食品 help with housework 帮忙做家务go shopping 去购物use the Internet 使用互联网read English books 阅读英文书籍favorite program 最喜欢的节目have piano lessons 上钢琴课drink milk 喝牛奶go to bed 上床睡觉eat a healthy breakfast 吃健康的早餐 Section B in the free time 在空闲时间ask sb. about sth. 询问某人关于某事at least 至少；不少于；起码be good for health 对健康有好处draw pictures 画画go online 上网go camping 去野营less than 少于go to the dentist 看牙医 play computer games 玩电脑游戏play sports 做运动more than 多于such as 例如；像……这样... percent of the students 百分之……的学生the answer to the question 问题的答案want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。二、句型归纳1. How often do you have piano lessons?2. What do you usually do on weekends?3. How many hours do you sleep every night?4. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day.5. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.四、教学重难点1. 对6个频度副词细微差异的理解及使用。 弄清一般现在时在不同人称下动词形式及提问的变化。2. 第三人称单数谓语动词在此核心句型中的运用。谈论课余时间的各项活动，以及初步认识和使用频率副词。3. —How often do you /does he(she)….? —He usually…频度副词的用法: always; usually ; often ; sometimes; hardly ever; never 4. 第三人称单数谓语动词在此核心句型中的运用。能够谈论课余时间的各项活动，以及初步认识和使用频率副词。 5.掌握本课时出现的生词及表达方式。进行听力训练，提高综合听说能力。6. 能运所给的提示词来描写个人的饮食起居等方面的习惯。能运用一些相关资料对他人进行好习惯与坏习惯的调查。能运所给的提示词来描写个人的饮食起居等方面的习惯。Unit2核心话题通过谈论饮食习惯，了解什么样的饮食习惯，才能保持健康的体质。重点词汇Housework，hardly，ever，once ，twice， Internet， program， full ，swing ， maybe， least ，coffee ，health，result ，percent ， online ，television，although through ，mind，body， such， together， die ，writer， dentist，magazine however，almost 重点短语hardly ever，swing dance， at least， junk food，such as， more than ，less than重点句型1. How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？2. How often does he watch TV? 他多久看一次电视？3. What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常做什么？4. What does she do on weekends? 她周末做什么？5. Does she go shopping? 她去购物吗？语法1. how often引导的特殊疑问句。2. 频率副词的用法。写作＂总分总法＂写关于调查报告类的作文 ①help sb with sth = help sb to do sth意为＂帮助某人做某事＂。☞ I often help him with his English. = I often help him (to) learn English. 我经常帮他学习英语。②help oneself (to sth) 意为＂随便吃/喝（某物）；款待＂。 ☞ Help yourself to some fruit. 随便吃些水果。③can’t/couldn’t help doing sth意为＂情不自禁做某事＂。 ☞ She couldn’t help crying. 她忍不住哭了。sometimes频度副词有时表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，它可位于句首、句中或句末，对它提问用how often。some times名词短语几次；几倍其中time是可数名词，对它提问用how many times。sometime副词某个时候表示某个不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它提问用when。some time名词短语一段时间表示＂一段时间＂，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用how long。sometimes，some times，sometime与some time＂有时＂相聚加-s（sometimes），＂几次＂分开带-s（some times）。相聚为＂某时（sometime）＂，分开＂一段时间（some time）＂。用法例句hardly副词， 意为“几乎不”He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。hard用作副词，意为＂努力地＂；用作形容词，意为“硬的；困难的”。He works hard. 他工作努力。There were some hard questions on the exam paper. 试卷中有些难题。 用法例句every day副词短语，作状语，意为＂每天＂，相当于each day。He reads newspapers every day. 他每天都看报。everyday形容词，作定语，意为＂日常的＂，相当于daily。The Internet has become part of our everyday life. 互联网已成为我们日常生活的一部分。次数的表达once一次twice两次three times三次many times很多次表达次数很容易，once，twice单独记，三次以上有规律，基数词后加times就可以。once的固定搭配：at once 立即，马上 once again 再一次 once in a while 偶尔地词组词义用法答语特征how long多久询问时间多长for/about＋一段时间how often多久一次询问动作的频率often， twice a week等how soon过多久以后询问时间多久（用于一般将来时）in＋一段时间how far多远询问距离多远ten minutes’ walkhow many多少询问可数名词数量数词＋可数名词复数how much多少询问不可数名词数量数词＋表示量的词＋of＋不可数名词多少钱询问价格数词＋货币单位（1）full用作形容词，还可意为＂满的；充满的＂，其反义词是empty（空的）。常用短语：be full of 意为＂充满……；装满……＂。☞ The classroom is full of students. 教室里满是学生。☞ He could only nod because his mouth was full. 他只能点点头，因为他嘴里塞满了东西。（2）full 用作形容词，还可意为＂饱的＂，其反义词是hungry（饥饿的）。☞ I can’t eat any more. I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。have to不得不，必须，侧重客观需求有人称、数和时态的变化must必须，侧重于主观上自己认为有义务、有必要没有人称和数的变化用法例句maybe副词，意思是＂也许，可能＂，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps，常位于句首。 Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better. 可能天气会变得好一些。Maybe you are right and she may be a little late. 或许你说得对，她可能有点晚了。may bemay 是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为＂也许是；可能是＂。Maybe he’s wrong.=He may be wrong. 或许他错了。He may be in the office.=Maybe he is in the office.他或许在办公室。（1）least还可作副词，与形容词或副词的原级构成最高级，表示＂最不……＂。☞ Bruce is the least outgoing of the three boys. 布鲁斯是三个男孩中最内向的。（2）least的反义词为most，其常见的词组为：at most意为＂至多＂。☞ The book is at most five yuan. 这本书至多五元。be good for意为＂对……有益＂Doing morning exercise is good for you. 做早操对你有益处。be good at意为＂擅长＂，后接名词、代词或动名词I’m good at playing basketball. 我擅长打篮球。be good with意为＂善于应对……＂He is good with children. 他管理孩子有一套。be good to意为＂对……友好＂She is always good to me. 她总是对我很友好。health的形容词形式是healthy，意为＂健康的＂；healthy的副词形式healthily，意为＂健康地＂。☞ To keep healthy, you should eat healthily. 为了保持健康，你应该吃得健康。spend花费（时间、金钱等）主语是人常用结构为spend...on sth和spend...doing sthcost价格为；需支付主语多为物常用句型为Sth cost(s) sb some money.take花费（时间）it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式常用句型为It takes/took sb some time to do sth.pay支付（钱）主语是人常用结构为pay... for sthhowever＂然而；不过＂，作副词不能直接连接两个分句，须另起一新句，用逗号隔开，表示一种补充关系。but＂但是＂，作连词可连接前后两个分句，表示一种转折关系less还可用作形容词，意为＂较少的；更少的＂，修饰不可数名词。☞ There is less water in this river. 这条河里的水更少。（1）by＋交通工具（by后不加冠词），意为＂乘/驾/……＂。☞ I go to work by bike every day. 我每天骑自行车上班。（2）by＋时间，意为＂到……时（为止）；在……以前＂，by now到目前为止。☞ I must go to bed by ten o’clock. 我必须在10点之前上床睡觉。☞ You should know the truth by now. 现在你应该知道真相了。（3）by＋地点，意为＂在……旁边＂。☞ We live by the sea. 我们住在海边。用法例句through＂穿过＂，表示从……中通过，着重指从内部空间的一头纵穿到另一头。The burglar came in through the window. 盗贼是从窗户进来的。across＂穿过＂，表示从一个物体表面的一边到另一边。We walked across the bridge. 我们从桥上走过。用法例句die of表示＂死于……＂，多用于内因Many people die of cancer. 很多人死于癌症。die from表示＂死于……＂，多用于外因Tom’s uncle died from an earthquake. 汤姆的叔叔死于一场地震。point可作动词＂指着＂讲，point to（指远处）/at（指近处）sb./sth. 指着某人/某物。☞ He pointed to the door and there I saw a girl smiling at me. 他指向门，我看见那里有一位姑娘朝着我微笑。☞ The teacher pointed at the map and told me the position of Britain. 老师指着地图告诉我英国的位置。相同点always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly ever，never都是频率副词，句中只有一个行为动词时，应位于动词之前；当有助动词、系动词、情态动词时，位于其后；谓语动词为多个时，放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后(有not时，放not之后)。always(100%)（1）always表示动作重复，状态连续，中间从来没有间断，表示频率最大，意思是＂总是，一直，永远＂。其反义词为never。（2）always与进行时态连用，并不强调动作正在进行，而是表示说话人的＂赞叹、不满、厌烦＂等情绪，带有强烈的感情色彩，结构：be always doing sth。☞ She is always asking for leave. 她老是请假。(表示不满)（3）always与not连用，表示部分否定，意思是＂不总是＂。☞ The rich are not always happy. 有钱人未必总幸福。☞ I do not always believe what he says. 我并没始终相信他所说的话。usually(80%左右)usually的频率仅次于always，意为＂通常＂，表示通常如此，很少例外。其反义词为unusually。usually一般情况下位于句中。☞ He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常在10点睡觉。☞ What do you usually do on Sundays? 你通常星期天干什么?often(50%左右)often＂经常，常常＂，强调经常性，表示动作重复，中间有间断，它比always，usually语气弱，其反义词为seldom。☞ They often go for a walk after supper. 晚饭后，他们常常去散步。 ☞ She is often late for work. 她上班常迟到。sometimes(30%左右)（1）sometimes表示＂有时，不时，间或＂，同义词组为at times，表示动作偶尔发生，中间间隔较大，频率比often小。（2）sometimes有时为了对比或强调，也可位于句首或句末，但不引起倒装。☞ Sometimes he slept at home, sometimes he slept in the office. 他有时在家睡觉，有时在办公室睡觉。hardly ever(1%-10%左右)（1）hardly ever＂几乎从不，很少＂，所表示的频率已经很少了，相当于seldom。☞ He hardly ever goes to bed before midnight. 他很少在半夜前就寝。（2）hardly ever是具有否定意义的副词，不与not连用。never(0%)（1）never表示＂从来不，未曾，永不＂，频率为零，表示动作或状态从没发生。（2）通常情况下，句子中用了never，就不再用含有否定意义的not，no，nothing等词。（3）never位于句首时要用倒装语序。☞ Never have I met such a strange person. 我从来没有碰见过这么怪的人。小提示（1）表示频率的答语有every day，once a week，three times a day等。（2）对表示频率的副词和短语提问用how often。频度副词用法行前系后情助后，句首句末表强调。（行—行为动词；系—系动词be；情—情态动词；助—助动词）Unit2核心话题通过谈论饮食习惯，了解什么样的饮食习惯，才能保持健康的体质。重点词汇Housework，hardly，ever，once ，twice， Internet， program， full ，swing ， maybe， least ，coffee ，health，result ，percent ， online ，television，although through ，mind，body， such， together， die ，writer， dentist，magazine however，almost 重点短语hardly ever，swing dance， at least， junk food，such as， more than ，less than重点句型1. How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？2. How often does he watch TV? 他多久看一次电视？3. What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常做什么？4. What does she do on weekends? 她周末做什么？5. Does she go shopping? 她去购物吗？语法1. how often引导的特殊疑问句。2. 频率副词的用法。写作＂总分总法＂写关于调查报告类的作文 ①help sb with sth = help sb to do sth意为＂帮助某人做某事＂。☞ I often help him with his English. = I often help him (to) learn English. 我经常帮他学习英语。②help oneself (to sth) 意为＂随便吃/喝（某物）；款待＂。 ☞ Help yourself to some fruit. 随便吃些水果。③can’t/couldn’t help doing sth意为＂情不自禁做某事＂。 ☞ She couldn’t help crying. 她忍不住哭了。sometimes频度副词有时表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，它可位于句首、句中或句末，对它提问用how often。some times名词短语几次；几倍其中time是可数名词，对它提问用how many times。sometime副词某个时候表示某个不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它提问用when。some time名词短语一段时间表示＂一段时间＂，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用how long。sometimes，some times，sometime与some time＂有时＂相聚加-s（sometimes），＂几次＂分开带-s（some times）。相聚为＂某时（sometime）＂，分开＂一段时间（some time）＂。用法例句hardly副词， 意为“几乎不”He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。hard用作副词，意为＂努力地＂；用作形容词，意为“硬的；困难的”。He works hard. 他工作努力。There were some hard questions on the exam paper. 试卷中有些难题。 用法例句every day副词短语，作状语，意为＂每天＂，相当于each day。He reads newspapers every day. 他每天都看报。everyday形容词，作定语，意为＂日常的＂，相当于daily。The Internet has become part of our everyday life. 互联网已成为我们日常生活的一部分。次数的表达once一次twice两次three times三次many times很多次表达次数很容易，once，twice单独记，三次以上有规律，基数词后加times就可以。once的固定搭配：at once 立即，马上 once again 再一次 once in a while 偶尔地词组词义用法答语特征how long多久询问时间多长for/about＋一段时间how often多久一次询问动作的频率often， twice a week等how soon过多久以后询问时间多久（用于一般将来时）in＋一段时间how far多远询问距离多远ten minutes’ walkhow many多少询问可数名词数量数词＋可数名词复数how much多少询问不可数名词数量数词＋表示量的词＋of＋不可数名词多少钱询问价格数词＋货币单位（1）full用作形容词，还可意为＂满的；充满的＂，其反义词是empty（空的）。常用短语：be full of 意为＂充满……；装满……＂。☞ The classroom is full of students. 教室里满是学生。☞ He could only nod because his mouth was full. 他只能点点头，因为他嘴里塞满了东西。（2）full 用作形容词，还可意为＂饱的＂，其反义词是hungry（饥饿的）。☞ I can’t eat any more. I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。have to不得不，必须，侧重客观需求有人称、数和时态的变化must必须，侧重于主观上自己认为有义务、有必要没有人称和数的变化用法例句maybe副词，意思是＂也许，可能＂，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps，常位于句首。 Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better. 可能天气会变得好一些。Maybe you are right and she may be a little late. 或许你说得对，她可能有点晚了。may bemay 是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为＂也许是；可能是＂。Maybe he’s wrong.=He may be wrong. 或许他错了。He may be in the office.=Maybe he is in the office.他或许在办公室。（1）least还可作副词，与形容词或副词的原级构成最高级，表示＂最不……＂。☞ Bruce is the least outgoing of the three boys. 布鲁斯是三个男孩中最内向的。（2）least的反义词为most，其常见的词组为：at most意为＂至多＂。☞ The book is at most five yuan. 这本书至多五元。be good for意为＂对……有益＂Doing morning exercise is good for you. 做早操对你有益处。be good at意为＂擅长＂，后接名词、代词或动名词I’m good at playing basketball. 我擅长打篮球。be good with意为＂善于应对……＂He is good with children. 他管理孩子有一套。be good to意为＂对……友好＂She is always good to me. 她总是对我很友好。health的形容词形式是healthy，意为＂健康的＂；healthy的副词形式healthily，意为＂健康地＂。☞ To keep healthy, you should eat healthily. 为了保持健康，你应该吃得健康。spend花费（时间、金钱等）主语是人常用结构为spend...on sth和spend...doing sthcost价格为；需支付主语多为物常用句型为Sth cost(s) sb some money.take花费（时间）it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式常用句型为It takes/took sb some time to do sth.pay支付（钱）主语是人常用结构为pay... for sthhowever＂然而；不过＂，作副词不能直接连接两个分句，须另起一新句，用逗号隔开，表示一种补充关系。but＂但是＂，作连词可连接前后两个分句，表示一种转折关系less还可用作形容词，意为＂较少的；更少的＂，修饰不可数名词。☞ There is less water in this river. 这条河里的水更少。（1）by＋交通工具（by后不加冠词），意为＂乘/驾/……＂。☞ I go to work by bike every day. 我每天骑自行车上班。（2）by＋时间，意为＂到……时（为止）；在……以前＂，by now到目前为止。☞ I must go to bed by ten o’clock. 我必须在10点之前上床睡觉。☞ You should know the truth by now. 现在你应该知道真相了。（3）by＋地点，意为＂在……旁边＂。☞ We live by the sea. 我们住在海边。用法例句through＂穿过＂，表示从……中通过，着重指从内部空间的一头纵穿到另一头。The burglar came in through the window. 盗贼是从窗户进来的。across＂穿过＂，表示从一个物体表面的一边到另一边。We walked across the bridge. 我们从桥上走过。用法例句die of表示＂死于……＂，多用于内因Many people die of cancer. 很多人死于癌症。die from表示＂死于……＂，多用于外因Tom’s uncle died from an earthquake. 汤姆的叔叔死于一场地震。point可作动词＂指着＂讲，point to（指远处）/at（指近处）sb./sth. 指着某人/某物。☞ He pointed to the door and there I saw a girl smiling at me. 他指向门，我看见那里有一位姑娘朝着我微笑。☞ The teacher pointed at the map and told me the position of Britain. 老师指着地图告诉我英国的位置。相同点always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly ever，never都是频率副词，句中只有一个行为动词时，应位于动词之前；当有助动词、系动词、情态动词时，位于其后；谓语动词为多个时，放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后(有not时，放not之后)。always(100%)（1）always表示动作重复，状态连续，中间从来没有间断，表示频率最大，意思是＂总是，一直，永远＂。其反义词为never。（2）always与进行时态连用，并不强调动作正在进行，而是表示说话人的＂赞叹、不满、厌烦＂等情绪，带有强烈的感情色彩，结构：be always doing sth。☞ She is always asking for leave. 她老是请假。(表示不满)（3）always与not连用，表示部分否定，意思是＂不总是＂。☞ The rich are not always happy. 有钱人未必总幸福。☞ I do not always believe what he says. 我并没始终相信他所说的话。usually(80%左右)usually的频率仅次于always，意为＂通常＂，表示通常如此，很少例外。其反义词为unusually。usually一般情况下位于句中。☞ He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常在10点睡觉。☞ What do you usually do on Sundays? 你通常星期天干什么?often(50%左右)often＂经常，常常＂，强调经常性，表示动作重复，中间有间断，它比always，usually语气弱，其反义词为seldom。☞ They often go for a walk after supper. 晚饭后，他们常常去散步。 ☞ She is often late for work. 她上班常迟到。sometimes(30%左右)（1）sometimes表示＂有时，不时，间或＂，同义词组为at times，表示动作偶尔发生，中间间隔较大，频率比often小。（2）sometimes有时为了对比或强调，也可位于句首或句末，但不引起倒装。☞ Sometimes he slept at home, sometimes he slept in the office. 他有时在家睡觉，有时在办公室睡觉。hardly ever(1%-10%左右)（1）hardly ever＂几乎从不，很少＂，所表示的频率已经很少了，相当于seldom。☞ He hardly ever goes to bed before midnight. 他很少在半夜前就寝。（2）hardly ever是具有否定意义的副词，不与not连用。never(0%)（1）never表示＂从来不，未曾，永不＂，频率为零，表示动作或状态从没发生。（2）通常情况下，句子中用了never，就不再用含有否定意义的not，no，nothing等词。（3）never位于句首时要用倒装语序。☞ Never have I met such a strange person. 我从来没有碰见过这么怪的人。小提示（1）表示频率的答语有every day，once a week，three times a day等。（2）对表示频率的副词和短语提问用how often。频度副词用法行前系后情助后，句首句末表强调。（行—行为动词；系—系动词be；情—情态动词；助—助动词）