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四川省宣汉中学2024-2025学年高一上学期开学考试英语试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份四川省宣汉中学2024-2025学年高一上学期开学考试英语试题（Word版附解析），文件包含四川省宣汉中学2024-2025学年高一上学期入学考试英语试卷Word版含解析docx、四川省宣汉中学2024-2025学年高一上学期入学考试英语试卷Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共25页， 欢迎下载使用。
1. 试卷分值：100分；建议时长：90分钟；
2. 请将答案正确填写到相应的答题区域。
一、阅读理解（本题共15小题，共37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Turs
Welcme t Amsterdam, welcme t MacBike. Yu see much mre frm the seat f a bike! Cycling is the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights. Yu can als bike alng lvely landscapes utside f Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been arund fr almst 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental cmpany in Amsterdam. With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu. We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Guided City Turs
The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre. The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. Yu can buy yur ticket in a MacBike shp r bk nline.
1. What is an advantage f MacBike?
A. It gives children a discunt.B. It ffers many types f bikes.
C. It rganizes free cycle turs.D. It has ver 2,500 rental shps.
2. Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with hand brake and three gears fr tw days?
A. €15.75.B. €19.50.C. €22.75.D. €29.50.
3. Where des the guided city tur start?
A. The Gyer, Windmill.B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery.D. Dam Square.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
【点睛】
B
Zu Wenba is a 23-year-ld yung man with autism (自闭症). It can be hard fr a persn with autism t find a jb r make friends. The disease is nt well knwn and there is nt much supprt fr peple like Zu. He is nnverbal, which means he des nt speak. But he is ding better nw as he is learning music and spending time with ther yung peple at a schl called Chen’s Studi in Beijing.
Chen’s Studi started ffering music lessns fr peple with autism when the pandemic (流行病) started.
Zu’s mther, Zha Gurng, brings her sn t the music schl every Sunday s he can study with the teacher,
Chen Shensi. It takes them tw hurs n three different buses t get t the classrm frm their hme utside f Beijing. At the Beijing studi, Zu learned hw t play the keybards and sing in a band called Star Kids.
“Withut music, withut these lessns, he wuldn’t have anything, Zha said. The children he grew up with, she said, all have jbs r g t schl. She said her sn wuld nt have any peple t scialize with if it were nt fr the music schl. Althugh Zu is lder than the ther yung peple at Chen’s Studi, "they all take care f him like he’s their brther,” Zha said.
Chen knws the yung peple with autism will have truble getting jbs, s he hpes music will help them make a living. The Star Kids band has already played sme cncerts.
At the start, it was hard. Chen became frustrated (沮丧的) when he had truble cmmunicating with his students. Hwever, it eventually became easier. He said he knws it is hard fr them t cmmunicate. But “t sme degree, I think music might be their language”.
4. What is the feature f peple with autism?
A. They have lst the ability t speak.B. They are talented in learning music.
C. Their cnditins can’t be imprved.D. They have difficulty making friends.
5. What d we knw abut Zu Wenba?
A. He is pr and has nthing.B. He is lnely with n friends.
C. He is the ldest in his class.D. He has fund a jb recently.
6. What was Zha Gurng’s attitude twards Chen’s Studi?
A. Dubtful.B. Grateful.C. Dissatisfied.D. Cncerned.
7. What is the gal f Chen’s Studi?
A. T help peple with autism make a living.B. T teach peple with autism a language.
C. T prvide peple with autism with jbs.D. T help peple with autism becme music stars.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个患有孤独症的年轻人朱文保的故事。主要介绍了他的学习经历、乐队活动和陈老师给予的帮助，展现了音乐对于孤独症患者的重要性。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It can be hard fr a persn with autism t find a jb r make friends.(自闭症患者很难找到工作或交到朋友)”可知，自闭症患者的特征是交朋友有困难。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Zu Wenba is a 23-year-ld yung man with autism (自闭症). It can be hard fr a persn with autism t find a jb r make friends.(朱文保是一名23岁的自闭症青年。自闭症患者很难找到工作或交到朋友)”可知，没有朋友，朱文保很孤独。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““Withut music, withut these lessns, he wuldn’t have anything, Zha said. The children he grew up with, she said, all have jbs r g t schl. She said her sn wuld nt have any peple t scialize with if it were nt fr the music schl. Althugh Zu is lder than the ther yung peple at Chen’s Studi, “they all take care f him like he’s their brther,” Zha said.(“没有音乐，没有这些课程，他什么都不会有，”赵说。她说，和他一起长大的孩子都有工作或上学。她说，如果没有音乐学校，她儿子就没有人可以交往了。虽然祖的年龄比陈工作室里的其他年轻人都大，但“他们都像对待自己的兄弟一样对待他，”赵说)”可知，赵国荣感激陈工作室。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Chen knws the yung peple with autism will have truble getting jbs, s he hpes music will help them make a living.(陈知道患有自闭症的年轻人很难找到工作，所以他希望音乐能帮助他们谋生)”可知，陈工作室的目标是帮助自闭症患者谋生。故选A。
C
As the perceptin (看法) f Chinese prducts has develped ver the past few decades, prducts made in China are increasingly recgnized fr their high quality and innvatin (创新) , accrding t experts acrss varius fields.
“Thirty years ag, Chinese prducts were ften perceived (认为) as lw cst and lw quality. This perceptin was partly due t the early stages f China’s manufacturing (手工制造) abilities, where the fcus was mainly n prducing gds at the lwest pssible cst, ” Jack Perry Jr, CEO f the Lndn Exprt Crpratin and chairman f the 48 Grup Club, said.
“Hwever, ver the years, this perceptin has greatly changed. Chinese manufacturers have invested heavily in technlgy, innvatin and quality cntrl.” Earlier this year, Perry lked fr business pprtunities in six Chinese prvinces, including Guangdng, Shandng and Anhui, fr the 48 Grup Club, a unin f British business leaders wh tk part in ecnmic cperatin between China and the United Kingdm.
“Chinese electrnics, such as smartphnes and smart hme devices, are already making significant inrads (int the UK market) due t their cutting-edge technlgy and cmpetitive pricing,” Perry said. “Electric vehicles frm China, knwn fr their advanced features and affrdability, are als likely t gain ppularity as the UK shifts tward greener transprtatin chices.”
Over the past 10 years, the Lndn Electric Vehicle Cmpany, a subsidiary (子公司) f Chinese carmaker Geely, has cnverted (转变) Lndn’s icnic (标志性的) black taxis int electric-pwered vehicles built in its UK factry in Cventry, which received warm welcme and supprt frm the lcal gvernment and Lndn taxi drivers. In additin, Chinese EV manufacturer BYD changed abut 2,000 icnic red duble-decker buses running n Lndn’s rads t electric pwer. Last year, BYD pened its first shwrm in Lndn fr its sedan cars, and pened its third Lndn utlet (经销店) in June.
8. Which best describes peple’s attitudes twards Chinese prducts in the past?
A. Unclear.B. Expensive.C. Inexpensive.D. Qualified.
9. What des the underlined wrd “cutting-edge” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. The mst advanced.B. The insignificant.
C. Cutting the edge f smething.D. The unimprtant.
10. Why is the Lndn Electric Vehicle Cmpany mentined in Paragraph 5?
A. T indicate the cmpany’s ppularity amng Chinese peple.
B T illustrate the develpment f the cmpany.
C. T prve Chinese prducts are welcmed by freigners.
D. T cmpare the influence f Geely with BYD.
11. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. The develpment f Chinese prductsB. Prducts frm China gain wide recgnitin
C. An increase in the number f electrnic prductsD. The remarkable grwth f the Chinese innvatin
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了过去人们认为中国产品便宜，但如今随着技术进步，中国的产品逐渐得到广泛认可。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Thirty years ag, Chinese prducts were ften perceived (认为) as lw cst and lw quality.(30年前，中国产品通常被认为是低成本、低质量的产品)”可知，过去人们认为中国产品便宜。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Chinese electrnics, such as smartphnes and smart hme devices, are already making significant inrads (int the UK market) due t their…(中国的电子产品，如智能手机和智能家居设备，由于……已经在（进入英国市场）取得了重大进展)”以及后文“technlgy and cmpetitive pricing(技术和有竞争力的价格)”可知，中国的电子产品能够取得重大进展，是因为有最先进的技术和有竞争力的价格。故划线词意思是“最先进的”。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Over the past 10 years, the Lndn Electric Vehicle Cmpany, a subsidiary (子公司) f Chinese carmaker Geely, has cnverted (转变) Lndn’s icnic (标志性的) black taxis int electric-pwered vehicles built in its UK factry in Cventry, which received warm welcme and supprt frm the lcal gvernment and Lndn taxi drivers.(在过去10年里，中国汽车制造商吉利旗下的伦敦电动汽车公司将伦敦标志性的黑色出租车改装成在英国考文垂工厂生产的电动汽车，受到了当地政府和伦敦出租车司机的热烈欢迎和支持)”可知，第5段提到伦敦电动汽车公司是为了证明中国产品受到外国人的欢迎。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段““Chinese electrnics, such as smartphnes and smart hme devices, are already making significant inrads (int the UK market) due t their cutting-edge technlgy and cmpetitive pricing,” Perry said. “Electric vehicles frm China, knwn fr their advanced features and affrdability, are als likely t gain ppularity as the UK shifts tward greener transprtatin chices.”(佩里说：“中国的电子产品，如智能手机和智能家居设备，由于其尖端技术和有竞争力的价格，已经在（进入英国市场）取得了重大进展。来自中国的电动汽车以其先进的功能和可购性而闻名，随着英国转向更环保的交通选择，它们也可能受到欢迎。”)”结合文章主要说明了过去人们认为中国产品便宜，但如今随着技术进步，中国的产品逐渐得到广泛认可。可知，B选项“中国产品得到广泛认可”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
We hear family members and teachers telling us t “sit up straight” and “stand tall”, but d they say that because an erect psture (昂首挺胸的姿势) is mre aesthetically (美学上地) pleasing, r is it the key t a pain-free back? It's cmmnly believed that “slump sitting” (塌陷的坐姿) r “sluch standing” (歪斜的站姿) damages ur spines (脊柱) . But, is sluching really that bad?
Meghan Markwski, physitherapist at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Wmen's Hspital, says that a pr psture can lead t neck pain and back prblems. She als links it t ther prblems like pr balance, headaches and breathing difficulties. Meghan says we shuld aim fr an upright (向上的, 直立的) spine psitin and t avid flexing and arching ur backs. But, if yu're a slucher, there may be sme gd news cming frm the last tw decades f research.
In an article called Sit Up Straight: Time t Re-evaluate, physitherapist Diane Slater and clleagues review the current research and cnclude that there is n strng evidence that sluching aggravates back pain, r even that a perfect psture exists. Instead, they argue that differences in ur spinal curvatures (脊柱弯曲) are a fact, and that ur backs are strnger than we think.
S, we're nt sure that sluching causes back pain, but have yu ever felt like sluching puts yu in a wrse md? A 2014 study by Jhannes Michalak and clleagues fund that depressed participants (参与者) in a slumped seated psitin remembered mre negative (消极的) wrds than psitive (积极的) , but this imprved nce they sat upright. That means that the way we sit might make us feel mre negative. Shuld we sit up straight and stand tall then?
Smething bth sides seem t agree n is that we shuld avid staying in ne static psture (静止不动的姿态) thrughut the day—we shuld change psitins (位置, 体位) and stretch (拉伸) . The human spine is designed t be n the mve and a sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle can increase the risk f back pain. If yu're unable t d this, sluching in frnt f yur cmputer all day may cause yu discmfrt, but the evidence tells us it's nt actually damaging yur spine.
12. Accrding t Meghan Markwski, what prblems may sluching cause?
A. A mre flexible (灵活的) back and neck.B. Mre balance and less pain.
C. Neck pain and headaches.D. Serius damage t neck and waist.
13. What des the underlined wrd “aggravates” refer t?
A. Reduces.B. Wrsens.C. Spreads.D. Remves.
14. What can we learn frm the 2014 study by Jhannes Michalak and clleagues?
A. Participants in an upright psitin remember mre psitive wrds than thse in a slumped psitin.
B. When participants sit upright, they feel less psitive.
C. Participants in a slumped seated psitin tend t remember mre negative wrds.
D. There's n direct cnnectin between seating psitin and md.
15. What suggestin is given t avid the risk f back pain?
A. Always keep in a perfect psitin.
B. Stay in a static (静态的) psture fr a lng time.
C. Frequently change yur pstures and stretch.
D. Change yur psture nly when yu feel uncmfrtable.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述针对不良的站姿和坐姿是否会导致颈部疼痛和背部问题进行了讨论，并建议我们应该避免整天保持一种静止的姿势。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Meghan Markwski, physitherapist at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Wmen's Hspital, says that a pr psture can lead t neck pain and back prblems (哈佛大学附属布里格姆妇女医院的物理治疗师Meghan Markwski说，不良的姿势会导致颈部疼痛和背部问题。)”可知，Meghan Markwski认为不良的姿势会导致颈部疼痛和背部问题，故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“r even that a perfect psture exists. Instead, they argue that differences in ur spinal curvatures (脊柱弯曲) are a fact, and that ur backs are strnger than we think. (甚至没有完美的姿势存在。相反，他们认为，我们脊柱弯曲度的差异是一个事实，我们的背部比我们想象的要强壮。)”可推测上文意思是没有强有力的证据表明驼背会加重背痛，所以aggravates意思是“加重”，和Wrsens近义，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“A 2014 study by Jhannes Michalak and clleagues fund that depressed participants (参与者) in a slumped seated psitin remembered mre negative (消极的) wrds than psitive (积极的) , but this imprved nce they sat upright. (2014年，Jhannes Michalak及其同事进行的一项研究发现，处于瘫坐状态的抑郁参与者记住的消极词汇多于积极词汇，但一旦他们坐直，这种情况就会有所改善。)”可知，通过这项研究，我们得知瘫坐的参与者往往会记住更多的消极词汇。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Smething bth sides seem t agree n is that we shuld avid staying in ne static psture (静止不动的姿态) thrughut the day—we shuld change psitins (位置, 体位) and stretch (拉伸) . The human spine is designed t be n the mve and a sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle can increase the risk f back pain. (双方似乎都同意的一点是，我们应该避免整天保持一种静止的姿势——我们应该改变姿势，伸展身体。人类的脊椎天生就适合运动，久坐的生活方式会增加背部疼痛的风险。)”可知，经常改变你的姿势和伸展身体可以避免背痛的风险，故选C。
二、句子还原（本题共5小题，共12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we think f bicycles, we think f fun and the utdrs. Bicycles give riders the freedm t explre and enjy the envirnment and its surrundings. ___16___
Mst peple knw that riding bicycles is envirnmentally friendly. ___17___ If yu are riding a bike, yu are helping t reduce air and nise pllutin.
Bikes are becming mre and mre ppular acrss the wrld. In fact, they are becming mre than just a fun pastime (娱乐). ___18___ Fr many peple arund the wrld, access t markets and schls wuld nt be accessible withut a bike.
___19___ Sme cities, such as Paris and Barcelna, have nt nly built bicycle lanes but als have intrduced a system f renting bikes. Yu can rent, r use a bicycle in ne area f the city and drp it ff in anther area f the city. Paris nw has thusands f bikes fr public use, with bicycle statins lcated thrughut the city.
Sme Suth American cities, such as Bgta in Clmbia, have a weekly car-free day. ___20___ On these days, the traffic-related air pllutin frm ld buses and trucks is greatly reduced.
It seems that the bike is a frce fr gd, prviding slutins fr cleaner cities withut leaving a serius envirnmental ftprint.
A. Riding bicycles is a healthy, cheap activity and gd exercise.
B. Cities are taking this lve and demand fr bicycles seriusly.
C. Peple are encuraged t buy bicycles t g t and frm wrk.
D. Daily use f a bicycle has very lw effect n the envirnment.
E. It is cheap and cnvenient t travel arund the wrld n bicycles.
F. They are als used as a daily transprt t wrk, schl r shpping.
G. Mre than 2 millin peple bicycle, skate, r jg alng the clsed rads.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了骑自行车的积极影响以及一些城市为方便市民出行做出的一系列举措。
【16题详解】
上文“When we think f bicycles, we think f fun and the utdrs. Bicycles give riders the freedm t explre and enjy the envirnment and its surrundings.”（当我们想到自行车时，我们想到的是乐趣和户外活动。自行车给骑手们探索和享受环境及其周围环境的自由。）说明骑自行车是一种健康的活动，设空处应是对骑自行车的评价，A项“骑自行车是一种健康、省钱的活动，也是很好的锻炼。”符合题意。故选A。
【17题详解】
上文“Mst peple knw that riding bicycles is envirnmentally friendly.”（大多数人都知道骑自行车是环保的。）说明骑自行车是环保的，下文“If yu are riding a bike, yu are helping t reduce air and nise pllutin.”（如果你骑自行车，你就是在帮助减少空气和噪音污染。）说明骑自行车有助于减轻空气和噪音污染，D项“每天使用自行车对环境的影响很小。”符合题意。故选D。
【18题详解】
下文“Fr many peple arund the wrld, access t markets and schls wuld nt be accessible withut a bike.”（对世界各地的许多人来说，没有自行车就无法进入市场和学校。）说明自行车是很多人去市场和上学的交通工具，F项“它们也被用作日常上班、上学或购物的交通工具。”符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
下文“Sme cities, such as Paris and Barcelna, have nt nly built bicycle lanes but als have intrduced a system f renting bikes.”（一些城市，例如巴黎和巴塞罗那，不仅修建了自行车道，还引入了自行车租赁系统。）说明一些城市为方便市民骑行做出了一系列举措，B项“城市正在认真对待人们对自行车的热爱和需求。”符合题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“Sme Suth American cities, such as Bgta in Clmbia, have a weekly car-free day.”（一些南美城市，如哥伦比亚的波哥大，每周都有无车日。）说明设空处与无车日有关，G项“超过200万人在封闭的道路上骑自行车、滑冰或慢跑。”符合题意。故选G。
三、完形填空（本题共15小题，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Agnes Llyd’s 70th birthday came, but the day went nrmally. Her husband ___21___ many years ag. She had nt heard frm her children fr a lng time, which was ___22___.
The last bell f the day rang. She picked up her ___23___ and walked twards her car planning t buy herself a chclate dessert althugh her dctrs dn’t ___24___ it fr her age. But wh cares? It was her birthday, and she ___25___ it.
The thught made her smile as she ___26___ her car when a sudden “MRS. LLOYD!” ___27___ her. Agnes drpped her purse nt the grund. She lked arund and was ___28___ by what she saw.
Her students were standing there carrying birthday signs. She hadn’t ___29___ they had prepared such a surprise fr her. Her student Christian came ver, picking up her purse, and ____30____ her t the rest as they all started singing Happy Birthday.
As the sng cntinued, tears ____31____ in her eyes. As they finished the sng, small pieces f clured paper began flying all ver the place ____32____. But that wasn’t the best part.
Sme f the students parted and her three children stepped ut hlding a birthday cake with tw ____33____ that frmed the number 70. “Happy birthday. Mm!” They exclaimed tgether, and that’s when Agnes lst her ____34____ fr the first time.
Dn’t frget yur parents, ____35____ yur life gets busy. We need t act and remind them that they are lved.
21. A. shwed upB. set utC. fell illD. passed away
22. A. wrryingB. depressingC. surprisingD. puzzling
23. A. purseB. bkC. chairD. fd
24. A. recgnizeB. admireC. demandD. recmmend
25. A. prmisedB. ignredC. deservedD. permitted
26. A. apprachedB. discveredC. startedD. tuched
27. A. mvedB. frightenedC. delightedD. satisfied
28. A. disturbedB. inspiredC. amusedD. shcked
29 A. mentinedB. realizedC. dubtedD. admitted
30. A. fllwedB. invitedC. guidedD. intrduced
31. A. gatheredB. driedC. disappearedD. remained
32. A. graduallyB. frequentlyC. secretlyD. suddenly
33. A. presentsB. flwersC. candlesD. cards
34. A. strengthB. enthusiasmC. calmnessD. interest
35. A. as ifB. even ifC. s thatD. nw that
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了学生们给退休教师Agnes Llyd准备了一个惊喜，让她度过了一个难忘的70岁生日。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她丈夫多年前去世了。A. shwed up出现；B. set ut出发；C. fell ill得病；D. passed away去世。根据后文“planning t buy herself a chclate dessert.”可知，她的丈夫已经去世，她独自生活。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她已经很长时间没有孩子们的消息了，这让她很沮丧。A. wrrying令人担心的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. puzzling令人费解的。根据语境和前文“She had nt heard frm her children fr a lng time”可知，她独自生活，很久没有孩子们的消息，这令人沮丧。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她拿起钱包，走向自己的汽车，打算给自己买一份巧克力甜点，尽管她的医生不建议她这样做。A. purse钱包；B. bk书籍；C. chair椅子；D. fd食物。根据后文“planning t buy herself a chclate dessert”可知，她拿起钱包。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拿起钱包，走向自己的汽车，打算给自己买一份巧克力甜点，尽管她的医生不建议她这样做。 A. recgnize认出；B. admire钦佩；C. demand需求；D. recmmend推荐，建议。根据常识及后文“fr her age”可知，医生不建议她吃这些。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天是她的生日，这是她应得的。A. prmised许诺；B. ignred忽视；C. deserved应得；D. permitted允许。根据前文“It was her birthday”可知，她认为那是她生日应该得到的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走近自己的车时，突然一声“Llyd夫人!”把她吓了一跳。A. apprached靠近；B. discvered发现；C. started开始；D. tuched触摸。根据语境和前文“She picked up her ___3___ and walked twards her car”可知，她走近她的汽车。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走近自己的车时，突然一声“Llyd夫人!”把她吓了一跳。A. mved使感动；B. frightened使惊恐；C. delighted使高兴；D. satisfied使满意。根据语境和前文“a sudden ‘MRS. LLOYD!’”可知，突然的一声吓了她一跳。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词（过去分词）词义辨析。句意：她环顾四周，被眼前的景象惊呆了。A. disturbed受干扰的；B. inspired受启发的；C. amused逗乐的；D. shcked震惊的。根据语境和后文“Her students were standing there carrying birthday signs.”可知，对眼前的景象，她感到震惊。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有意识到他们为她准备了这样一个惊喜。A. mentined提到；B. realized意识到；C. dubted怀疑；D. admitted承认。根据语境和后文“they had prepared such a surprise fr her”可知，她本打算独自过生日，没有意识到会有这样的惊喜。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的学生Christian走了过来，捡起她的钱包，带她到其他人那里，他们都开始唱生日快乐歌。A. fllwed跟随；B. invited邀请；C. guided指导，指引，带领；D. intrduced介绍。根据语境和后文“her t the rest”及“they all started singing Happy Birthday”可知，这位学生引领她参加下面的活动。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着歌曲的继续，她热泪盈眶。A. gathered聚集；B. dried使干燥；C. disappeared消失；D. remained保持不变。根据前文“they all started singing Happy Birthday”可知，Agnes很感动，热泪盈眶。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们唱完歌的时候，彩色的小纸片突然到处飞扬。A. gradually逐渐地；B. frequently经常地；C. secretly秘密地；D. suddenly突然地。根据前文“She hadn’t ___9___ they had prepared such a surprise fr her.”可知，学生们要给老师一个惊喜，唱完歌后，彩色纸片突然飞扬。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的三个孩子拿着一个生日蛋糕走了出来，蛋糕上有两支蜡烛，组成了数字70。A. presents礼物；B. flwers花；C. candles蜡烛；D. cards卡片。根据常识及前文“a birthday cake”可知，蛋糕上插着蜡烛。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们异口同声地喊道，就在这时，Agnes第一次失去了平静。A. strength力量；B. enthusiasm热情；C. calmness平静，镇静；D. interest兴趣。基于前文的分析可知，学生们给教师Agnes Llyd准备了一个惊喜，让她度过了一个难忘的70岁生日。根据前文“Happy birthday. Mm!”可知，Agnes异常激动，失去平静。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查复合连词词义辨析。句意：即使生活再忙碌，也不要忘记你的父母。A. as if好像；B. even if既使；C. s that以便；D. nw that既然。前文“Dn’t frget yur parents”和后文“yur life gets busy”存在让步转折关系，既使忙，也不要忘记父母。故选B项。
四、语法填空（本题共10小题，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a new schl year begins, ___36___ (pen) yur mind t new peple and experiences will help yu make friends and discver new interests. Being pen-minded means trying t understand ther peple’s thughts and ideas, trying new experiences and ___37___ (explre) different ways f ding things.
There are lts f benefits t having ___38___ pen mind. It enables yu t learn new things abut the wrld and the peple arund yu. This makes yu feel mre psitive and ___39___ (cnfidence) abut facing challenges. Besides, having an interest in ther peple ___40___ (help) yu understand and share their feelings. Being pen t fresh ideas can als help develp exciting new nes f yur wn.
Then ___41___ can yu be mre curius and pen-minded? Start by asking questins. S if yu’re unsure abut jining a new club, ask ___42___ (yu) what’s stpping yu. ___43___ (imagine) hw it feels t learn a new skill, meet new peple and make friends. Dn’t jump t a sudden decisin but give yurself time t think abut it first. If smene says smething with ___44___ yu disagree, then instead f deciding they are wrng r arguing back, take a mment t cnsider why they have that pinin. Finally, pen yur mind t new ideas. Even if yu think yu’re an expert n a subject, there is always ____45____ (much) yu can learn.
【答案】36. pening
37. explring
38. an 39. cnfident
40. helps 41. hw
42. yurself
43. Imagine
44. which 45. mre
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要例举一些原因和方法来建议新学期学生应敞开心扉。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：随着新学年的开始，向新的人和经历敞开心扉将有助于你结交朋友并发现新的兴趣。分析句子可知，这里应用动名词作主语。故填pening。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：开明意味着努力理解他人的想法和想法，尝试新的体验，探索不同的做事方式。分析句子可知，这里考查mean ding表“意味做某事”，为固定搭配，所以这里应用动名词作宾语。故填explring。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：开放的心态有很多好处。分析句子可知，这里表示“一个开放的心态”，所以这里应用不定冠词表泛指，且pen为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这会让你在面对挑战时感到更加积极和自信。分析句子可知，这里应填形容词和and前psitive为并列关系。故填cnfident。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：此外，对他人感兴趣有助于你理解和分享他们的感受。分析句子可知，这里应填谓语，时态与上文保持一致用一般现在时，且主语为动名词短语，所以谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
【41题详解】
考查特殊疑问词。句意：那你怎么能更好奇、更豁达呢？由下文Start by asking questins以及句意可知，这里应指“怎样”能更好奇、更豁达。故填hw。
【42题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：所以，如果你不确定是否要加入一个新俱乐部，问问自己是什么阻止了你。分析句子可知，主语和宾语一致，这里指问“你自己”，所以应用反身代词。故填yurself。
【43题详解】
考查祈使句。句意：想象一下学习一项新技能、结识新朋友的感觉。分析句子可知，这里考查祈使句，所以本空应填动词原形，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Imagine。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如果有人说了一些你不同意的话，那么与其认定他们错了或反驳，不如花点时间想想他们为什么会有这种观点。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词smething，为物，作从句介词with后宾语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：即使你认为自己是某个学科的专家，你也总能学到更多。分析句子可知，这里表示有“更多”可学。所以应填形容词比较级。故填mre。
五、完成句子（本题共5小题，共5分）
46. I have discvered that tai chi is deeply __________ (rt) in the Chinese philsphy f yin and yang, which __________ (believe) t frm the unity f ppsites. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】 ①. rted ②. is believed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和固定短语。句意：我发现太极拳深深植根于中国的阴阳哲学，阴阳被认为是对立的统一。第一空为短语be rted in表示“植根于”；第二空表示“被认为是”短语为be believed t d sth.，非限制性定语从句修饰先行词yin and yang，在从句作主语，从句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填①rted；②is believed。
47. I did nt understand all f the traditinal custms, __________ a few made a deep impressin __________ me. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】 ①. althugh##thugh ②. n
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。句意：我并不了解所有的传统习俗，尽管有一些习俗确实给我留下了深刻的印象。第一空引导让步状语从句用从属连词althugh/thugh，固定短语make a deep impressin n (给……留下深刻的印象)。故填①althugh/thugh ②n。
48. As midnight ________ (apprach), Lu Yan takes his parents, wife and sn utside t set ff firecrackers. (所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】is appraching
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：临近午夜，罗岩带着父母、妻子和儿子出去放鞭炮。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文的takes可知此处描述的是现在事实，同时此处表示动作正在发生，故使用现在进行时。apprach为动词，意为“临近，接近”。故填is appraching。
49. When Nadim invited me __________ his sister’s wedding, I knew it wuld be the pprtunity f a lifetime. I was definitely nt wrng! （用适当的词填空）
【答案】t
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当纳迪姆邀请我参加他妹妹的婚礼时，我知道这将是一个千载难逢的机会。我绝对没有错！表示“邀请某人去某地”短语为invite sb. t smewhere。故填t。
50. I fund myself bred and __________ (ache) frm ding the same mves ver and ver again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】aching
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：我发现自己因为一遍又一遍地做同样的动作而感到无聊和痛苦。设空处与bred并列作宾语补足语，宾语myself与动词ache“疼痛，感到痛苦”之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词aching。故填aching。
六、应用文写作（本题共1小题，共15分）
51. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举行题为“Sprts Means Happiness”的征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1. 喜欢运动的原因；2. 你的锻炼情况；3. 锻炼的益处。
注意：1. 写作词数应为100左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sprts Means Happiness
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Sprts Means Happiness
I lve sprts because they nt nly keep me fit but als bring me a lt f happiness. I enjy the feeling f pushing myself t the limit and achieving my gals.
I usually play basketball r g running after schl. I als like t watch sprts games n TV, which inspires me t wrk harder.
Ding sprts has many benefits. It can strengthen my bdy, imprve my cncentratin, and reduce my stress. Mrever, it helps me make friends and learn teamwrk. In a wrd, sprts are an imprtant part f my life and I will keep exercising.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校英文报正在举行题为“Sprts Means Happiness”的征文活动，请考生按所给内容写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
获得：achieve → get/attain
鼓励：inspire → encurage
增强：strengthen → enhance
总之：In a wrd→ In shrt
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：Ding sprts has many benefits. It can strengthen my bdy, imprve my cncentratin, and reduce my stress.
拓展句：Ding sprts has many benefits, which can strengthen my bdy, imprve my cncentratin, and reduce my stress.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I als like t watch sprts games n TV, which inspires me t wrk harder. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I lve sprts because they nt nly keep me fit but als bring me a lt f happiness.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句和nt als...连接并列谓语）
Hand Brake, Three Gears
Ft Brake, N Gears
1 hur
€7.50
€5.00
3 hurs
€11.00
€7.50
1 day (24 hurs)
€14.75
€975
Each additinal day
€8.00
€6.00
1. 试卷分值：100分；建议时长：90分钟；
2. 请将答案正确填写到相应的答题区域。
一、阅读理解（本题共15小题，共37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Turs
Welcme t Amsterdam, welcme t MacBike. Yu see much mre frm the seat f a bike! Cycling is the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights. Yu can als bike alng lvely landscapes utside f Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been arund fr almst 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental cmpany in Amsterdam. With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu. We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Guided City Turs
The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre. The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. Yu can buy yur ticket in a MacBike shp r bk nline.
1. What is an advantage f MacBike?
A. It gives children a discunt.B. It ffers many types f bikes.
C. It rganizes free cycle turs.D. It has ver 2,500 rental shps.
2. Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with hand brake and three gears fr tw days?
A. €15.75.B. €19.50.C. €22.75.D. €29.50.
3. Where des the guided city tur start?
A. The Gyer, Windmill.B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery.D. Dam Square.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
【点睛】
B
Zu Wenba is a 23-year-ld yung man with autism (自闭症). It can be hard fr a persn with autism t find a jb r make friends. The disease is nt well knwn and there is nt much supprt fr peple like Zu. He is nnverbal, which means he des nt speak. But he is ding better nw as he is learning music and spending time with ther yung peple at a schl called Chen’s Studi in Beijing.
Chen’s Studi started ffering music lessns fr peple with autism when the pandemic (流行病) started.
Zu’s mther, Zha Gurng, brings her sn t the music schl every Sunday s he can study with the teacher,
Chen Shensi. It takes them tw hurs n three different buses t get t the classrm frm their hme utside f Beijing. At the Beijing studi, Zu learned hw t play the keybards and sing in a band called Star Kids.
“Withut music, withut these lessns, he wuldn’t have anything, Zha said. The children he grew up with, she said, all have jbs r g t schl. She said her sn wuld nt have any peple t scialize with if it were nt fr the music schl. Althugh Zu is lder than the ther yung peple at Chen’s Studi, "they all take care f him like he’s their brther,” Zha said.
Chen knws the yung peple with autism will have truble getting jbs, s he hpes music will help them make a living. The Star Kids band has already played sme cncerts.
At the start, it was hard. Chen became frustrated (沮丧的) when he had truble cmmunicating with his students. Hwever, it eventually became easier. He said he knws it is hard fr them t cmmunicate. But “t sme degree, I think music might be their language”.
4. What is the feature f peple with autism?
A. They have lst the ability t speak.B. They are talented in learning music.
C. Their cnditins can’t be imprved.D. They have difficulty making friends.
5. What d we knw abut Zu Wenba?
A. He is pr and has nthing.B. He is lnely with n friends.
C. He is the ldest in his class.D. He has fund a jb recently.
6. What was Zha Gurng’s attitude twards Chen’s Studi?
A. Dubtful.B. Grateful.C. Dissatisfied.D. Cncerned.
7. What is the gal f Chen’s Studi?
A. T help peple with autism make a living.B. T teach peple with autism a language.
C. T prvide peple with autism with jbs.D. T help peple with autism becme music stars.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个患有孤独症的年轻人朱文保的故事。主要介绍了他的学习经历、乐队活动和陈老师给予的帮助，展现了音乐对于孤独症患者的重要性。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It can be hard fr a persn with autism t find a jb r make friends.(自闭症患者很难找到工作或交到朋友)”可知，自闭症患者的特征是交朋友有困难。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Zu Wenba is a 23-year-ld yung man with autism (自闭症). It can be hard fr a persn with autism t find a jb r make friends.(朱文保是一名23岁的自闭症青年。自闭症患者很难找到工作或交到朋友)”可知，没有朋友，朱文保很孤独。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““Withut music, withut these lessns, he wuldn’t have anything, Zha said. The children he grew up with, she said, all have jbs r g t schl. She said her sn wuld nt have any peple t scialize with if it were nt fr the music schl. Althugh Zu is lder than the ther yung peple at Chen’s Studi, “they all take care f him like he’s their brther,” Zha said.(“没有音乐，没有这些课程，他什么都不会有，”赵说。她说，和他一起长大的孩子都有工作或上学。她说，如果没有音乐学校，她儿子就没有人可以交往了。虽然祖的年龄比陈工作室里的其他年轻人都大，但“他们都像对待自己的兄弟一样对待他，”赵说)”可知，赵国荣感激陈工作室。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Chen knws the yung peple with autism will have truble getting jbs, s he hpes music will help them make a living.(陈知道患有自闭症的年轻人很难找到工作，所以他希望音乐能帮助他们谋生)”可知，陈工作室的目标是帮助自闭症患者谋生。故选A。
C
As the perceptin (看法) f Chinese prducts has develped ver the past few decades, prducts made in China are increasingly recgnized fr their high quality and innvatin (创新) , accrding t experts acrss varius fields.
“Thirty years ag, Chinese prducts were ften perceived (认为) as lw cst and lw quality. This perceptin was partly due t the early stages f China’s manufacturing (手工制造) abilities, where the fcus was mainly n prducing gds at the lwest pssible cst, ” Jack Perry Jr, CEO f the Lndn Exprt Crpratin and chairman f the 48 Grup Club, said.
“Hwever, ver the years, this perceptin has greatly changed. Chinese manufacturers have invested heavily in technlgy, innvatin and quality cntrl.” Earlier this year, Perry lked fr business pprtunities in six Chinese prvinces, including Guangdng, Shandng and Anhui, fr the 48 Grup Club, a unin f British business leaders wh tk part in ecnmic cperatin between China and the United Kingdm.
“Chinese electrnics, such as smartphnes and smart hme devices, are already making significant inrads (int the UK market) due t their cutting-edge technlgy and cmpetitive pricing,” Perry said. “Electric vehicles frm China, knwn fr their advanced features and affrdability, are als likely t gain ppularity as the UK shifts tward greener transprtatin chices.”
Over the past 10 years, the Lndn Electric Vehicle Cmpany, a subsidiary (子公司) f Chinese carmaker Geely, has cnverted (转变) Lndn’s icnic (标志性的) black taxis int electric-pwered vehicles built in its UK factry in Cventry, which received warm welcme and supprt frm the lcal gvernment and Lndn taxi drivers. In additin, Chinese EV manufacturer BYD changed abut 2,000 icnic red duble-decker buses running n Lndn’s rads t electric pwer. Last year, BYD pened its first shwrm in Lndn fr its sedan cars, and pened its third Lndn utlet (经销店) in June.
8. Which best describes peple’s attitudes twards Chinese prducts in the past?
A. Unclear.B. Expensive.C. Inexpensive.D. Qualified.
9. What des the underlined wrd “cutting-edge” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. The mst advanced.B. The insignificant.
C. Cutting the edge f smething.D. The unimprtant.
10. Why is the Lndn Electric Vehicle Cmpany mentined in Paragraph 5?
A. T indicate the cmpany’s ppularity amng Chinese peple.
B T illustrate the develpment f the cmpany.
C. T prve Chinese prducts are welcmed by freigners.
D. T cmpare the influence f Geely with BYD.
11. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. The develpment f Chinese prductsB. Prducts frm China gain wide recgnitin
C. An increase in the number f electrnic prductsD. The remarkable grwth f the Chinese innvatin
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了过去人们认为中国产品便宜，但如今随着技术进步，中国的产品逐渐得到广泛认可。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Thirty years ag, Chinese prducts were ften perceived (认为) as lw cst and lw quality.(30年前，中国产品通常被认为是低成本、低质量的产品)”可知，过去人们认为中国产品便宜。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Chinese electrnics, such as smartphnes and smart hme devices, are already making significant inrads (int the UK market) due t their…(中国的电子产品，如智能手机和智能家居设备，由于……已经在（进入英国市场）取得了重大进展)”以及后文“technlgy and cmpetitive pricing(技术和有竞争力的价格)”可知，中国的电子产品能够取得重大进展，是因为有最先进的技术和有竞争力的价格。故划线词意思是“最先进的”。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Over the past 10 years, the Lndn Electric Vehicle Cmpany, a subsidiary (子公司) f Chinese carmaker Geely, has cnverted (转变) Lndn’s icnic (标志性的) black taxis int electric-pwered vehicles built in its UK factry in Cventry, which received warm welcme and supprt frm the lcal gvernment and Lndn taxi drivers.(在过去10年里，中国汽车制造商吉利旗下的伦敦电动汽车公司将伦敦标志性的黑色出租车改装成在英国考文垂工厂生产的电动汽车，受到了当地政府和伦敦出租车司机的热烈欢迎和支持)”可知，第5段提到伦敦电动汽车公司是为了证明中国产品受到外国人的欢迎。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段““Chinese electrnics, such as smartphnes and smart hme devices, are already making significant inrads (int the UK market) due t their cutting-edge technlgy and cmpetitive pricing,” Perry said. “Electric vehicles frm China, knwn fr their advanced features and affrdability, are als likely t gain ppularity as the UK shifts tward greener transprtatin chices.”(佩里说：“中国的电子产品，如智能手机和智能家居设备，由于其尖端技术和有竞争力的价格，已经在（进入英国市场）取得了重大进展。来自中国的电动汽车以其先进的功能和可购性而闻名，随着英国转向更环保的交通选择，它们也可能受到欢迎。”)”结合文章主要说明了过去人们认为中国产品便宜，但如今随着技术进步，中国的产品逐渐得到广泛认可。可知，B选项“中国产品得到广泛认可”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
We hear family members and teachers telling us t “sit up straight” and “stand tall”, but d they say that because an erect psture (昂首挺胸的姿势) is mre aesthetically (美学上地) pleasing, r is it the key t a pain-free back? It's cmmnly believed that “slump sitting” (塌陷的坐姿) r “sluch standing” (歪斜的站姿) damages ur spines (脊柱) . But, is sluching really that bad?
Meghan Markwski, physitherapist at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Wmen's Hspital, says that a pr psture can lead t neck pain and back prblems. She als links it t ther prblems like pr balance, headaches and breathing difficulties. Meghan says we shuld aim fr an upright (向上的, 直立的) spine psitin and t avid flexing and arching ur backs. But, if yu're a slucher, there may be sme gd news cming frm the last tw decades f research.
In an article called Sit Up Straight: Time t Re-evaluate, physitherapist Diane Slater and clleagues review the current research and cnclude that there is n strng evidence that sluching aggravates back pain, r even that a perfect psture exists. Instead, they argue that differences in ur spinal curvatures (脊柱弯曲) are a fact, and that ur backs are strnger than we think.
S, we're nt sure that sluching causes back pain, but have yu ever felt like sluching puts yu in a wrse md? A 2014 study by Jhannes Michalak and clleagues fund that depressed participants (参与者) in a slumped seated psitin remembered mre negative (消极的) wrds than psitive (积极的) , but this imprved nce they sat upright. That means that the way we sit might make us feel mre negative. Shuld we sit up straight and stand tall then?
Smething bth sides seem t agree n is that we shuld avid staying in ne static psture (静止不动的姿态) thrughut the day—we shuld change psitins (位置, 体位) and stretch (拉伸) . The human spine is designed t be n the mve and a sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle can increase the risk f back pain. If yu're unable t d this, sluching in frnt f yur cmputer all day may cause yu discmfrt, but the evidence tells us it's nt actually damaging yur spine.
12. Accrding t Meghan Markwski, what prblems may sluching cause?
A. A mre flexible (灵活的) back and neck.B. Mre balance and less pain.
C. Neck pain and headaches.D. Serius damage t neck and waist.
13. What des the underlined wrd “aggravates” refer t?
A. Reduces.B. Wrsens.C. Spreads.D. Remves.
14. What can we learn frm the 2014 study by Jhannes Michalak and clleagues?
A. Participants in an upright psitin remember mre psitive wrds than thse in a slumped psitin.
B. When participants sit upright, they feel less psitive.
C. Participants in a slumped seated psitin tend t remember mre negative wrds.
D. There's n direct cnnectin between seating psitin and md.
15. What suggestin is given t avid the risk f back pain?
A. Always keep in a perfect psitin.
B. Stay in a static (静态的) psture fr a lng time.
C. Frequently change yur pstures and stretch.
D. Change yur psture nly when yu feel uncmfrtable.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述针对不良的站姿和坐姿是否会导致颈部疼痛和背部问题进行了讨论，并建议我们应该避免整天保持一种静止的姿势。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Meghan Markwski, physitherapist at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Wmen's Hspital, says that a pr psture can lead t neck pain and back prblems (哈佛大学附属布里格姆妇女医院的物理治疗师Meghan Markwski说，不良的姿势会导致颈部疼痛和背部问题。)”可知，Meghan Markwski认为不良的姿势会导致颈部疼痛和背部问题，故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“r even that a perfect psture exists. Instead, they argue that differences in ur spinal curvatures (脊柱弯曲) are a fact, and that ur backs are strnger than we think. (甚至没有完美的姿势存在。相反，他们认为，我们脊柱弯曲度的差异是一个事实，我们的背部比我们想象的要强壮。)”可推测上文意思是没有强有力的证据表明驼背会加重背痛，所以aggravates意思是“加重”，和Wrsens近义，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“A 2014 study by Jhannes Michalak and clleagues fund that depressed participants (参与者) in a slumped seated psitin remembered mre negative (消极的) wrds than psitive (积极的) , but this imprved nce they sat upright. (2014年，Jhannes Michalak及其同事进行的一项研究发现，处于瘫坐状态的抑郁参与者记住的消极词汇多于积极词汇，但一旦他们坐直，这种情况就会有所改善。)”可知，通过这项研究，我们得知瘫坐的参与者往往会记住更多的消极词汇。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Smething bth sides seem t agree n is that we shuld avid staying in ne static psture (静止不动的姿态) thrughut the day—we shuld change psitins (位置, 体位) and stretch (拉伸) . The human spine is designed t be n the mve and a sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle can increase the risk f back pain. (双方似乎都同意的一点是，我们应该避免整天保持一种静止的姿势——我们应该改变姿势，伸展身体。人类的脊椎天生就适合运动，久坐的生活方式会增加背部疼痛的风险。)”可知，经常改变你的姿势和伸展身体可以避免背痛的风险，故选C。
二、句子还原（本题共5小题，共12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we think f bicycles, we think f fun and the utdrs. Bicycles give riders the freedm t explre and enjy the envirnment and its surrundings. ___16___
Mst peple knw that riding bicycles is envirnmentally friendly. ___17___ If yu are riding a bike, yu are helping t reduce air and nise pllutin.
Bikes are becming mre and mre ppular acrss the wrld. In fact, they are becming mre than just a fun pastime (娱乐). ___18___ Fr many peple arund the wrld, access t markets and schls wuld nt be accessible withut a bike.
___19___ Sme cities, such as Paris and Barcelna, have nt nly built bicycle lanes but als have intrduced a system f renting bikes. Yu can rent, r use a bicycle in ne area f the city and drp it ff in anther area f the city. Paris nw has thusands f bikes fr public use, with bicycle statins lcated thrughut the city.
Sme Suth American cities, such as Bgta in Clmbia, have a weekly car-free day. ___20___ On these days, the traffic-related air pllutin frm ld buses and trucks is greatly reduced.
It seems that the bike is a frce fr gd, prviding slutins fr cleaner cities withut leaving a serius envirnmental ftprint.
A. Riding bicycles is a healthy, cheap activity and gd exercise.
B. Cities are taking this lve and demand fr bicycles seriusly.
C. Peple are encuraged t buy bicycles t g t and frm wrk.
D. Daily use f a bicycle has very lw effect n the envirnment.
E. It is cheap and cnvenient t travel arund the wrld n bicycles.
F. They are als used as a daily transprt t wrk, schl r shpping.
G. Mre than 2 millin peple bicycle, skate, r jg alng the clsed rads.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了骑自行车的积极影响以及一些城市为方便市民出行做出的一系列举措。
【16题详解】
上文“When we think f bicycles, we think f fun and the utdrs. Bicycles give riders the freedm t explre and enjy the envirnment and its surrundings.”（当我们想到自行车时，我们想到的是乐趣和户外活动。自行车给骑手们探索和享受环境及其周围环境的自由。）说明骑自行车是一种健康的活动，设空处应是对骑自行车的评价，A项“骑自行车是一种健康、省钱的活动，也是很好的锻炼。”符合题意。故选A。
【17题详解】
上文“Mst peple knw that riding bicycles is envirnmentally friendly.”（大多数人都知道骑自行车是环保的。）说明骑自行车是环保的，下文“If yu are riding a bike, yu are helping t reduce air and nise pllutin.”（如果你骑自行车，你就是在帮助减少空气和噪音污染。）说明骑自行车有助于减轻空气和噪音污染，D项“每天使用自行车对环境的影响很小。”符合题意。故选D。
【18题详解】
下文“Fr many peple arund the wrld, access t markets and schls wuld nt be accessible withut a bike.”（对世界各地的许多人来说，没有自行车就无法进入市场和学校。）说明自行车是很多人去市场和上学的交通工具，F项“它们也被用作日常上班、上学或购物的交通工具。”符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
下文“Sme cities, such as Paris and Barcelna, have nt nly built bicycle lanes but als have intrduced a system f renting bikes.”（一些城市，例如巴黎和巴塞罗那，不仅修建了自行车道，还引入了自行车租赁系统。）说明一些城市为方便市民骑行做出了一系列举措，B项“城市正在认真对待人们对自行车的热爱和需求。”符合题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“Sme Suth American cities, such as Bgta in Clmbia, have a weekly car-free day.”（一些南美城市，如哥伦比亚的波哥大，每周都有无车日。）说明设空处与无车日有关，G项“超过200万人在封闭的道路上骑自行车、滑冰或慢跑。”符合题意。故选G。
三、完形填空（本题共15小题，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Agnes Llyd’s 70th birthday came, but the day went nrmally. Her husband ___21___ many years ag. She had nt heard frm her children fr a lng time, which was ___22___.
The last bell f the day rang. She picked up her ___23___ and walked twards her car planning t buy herself a chclate dessert althugh her dctrs dn’t ___24___ it fr her age. But wh cares? It was her birthday, and she ___25___ it.
The thught made her smile as she ___26___ her car when a sudden “MRS. LLOYD!” ___27___ her. Agnes drpped her purse nt the grund. She lked arund and was ___28___ by what she saw.
Her students were standing there carrying birthday signs. She hadn’t ___29___ they had prepared such a surprise fr her. Her student Christian came ver, picking up her purse, and ____30____ her t the rest as they all started singing Happy Birthday.
As the sng cntinued, tears ____31____ in her eyes. As they finished the sng, small pieces f clured paper began flying all ver the place ____32____. But that wasn’t the best part.
Sme f the students parted and her three children stepped ut hlding a birthday cake with tw ____33____ that frmed the number 70. “Happy birthday. Mm!” They exclaimed tgether, and that’s when Agnes lst her ____34____ fr the first time.
Dn’t frget yur parents, ____35____ yur life gets busy. We need t act and remind them that they are lved.
21. A. shwed upB. set utC. fell illD. passed away
22. A. wrryingB. depressingC. surprisingD. puzzling
23. A. purseB. bkC. chairD. fd
24. A. recgnizeB. admireC. demandD. recmmend
25. A. prmisedB. ignredC. deservedD. permitted
26. A. apprachedB. discveredC. startedD. tuched
27. A. mvedB. frightenedC. delightedD. satisfied
28. A. disturbedB. inspiredC. amusedD. shcked
29 A. mentinedB. realizedC. dubtedD. admitted
30. A. fllwedB. invitedC. guidedD. intrduced
31. A. gatheredB. driedC. disappearedD. remained
32. A. graduallyB. frequentlyC. secretlyD. suddenly
33. A. presentsB. flwersC. candlesD. cards
34. A. strengthB. enthusiasmC. calmnessD. interest
35. A. as ifB. even ifC. s thatD. nw that
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了学生们给退休教师Agnes Llyd准备了一个惊喜，让她度过了一个难忘的70岁生日。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她丈夫多年前去世了。A. shwed up出现；B. set ut出发；C. fell ill得病；D. passed away去世。根据后文“planning t buy herself a chclate dessert.”可知，她的丈夫已经去世，她独自生活。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她已经很长时间没有孩子们的消息了，这让她很沮丧。A. wrrying令人担心的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. puzzling令人费解的。根据语境和前文“She had nt heard frm her children fr a lng time”可知，她独自生活，很久没有孩子们的消息，这令人沮丧。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她拿起钱包，走向自己的汽车，打算给自己买一份巧克力甜点，尽管她的医生不建议她这样做。A. purse钱包；B. bk书籍；C. chair椅子；D. fd食物。根据后文“planning t buy herself a chclate dessert”可知，她拿起钱包。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拿起钱包，走向自己的汽车，打算给自己买一份巧克力甜点，尽管她的医生不建议她这样做。 A. recgnize认出；B. admire钦佩；C. demand需求；D. recmmend推荐，建议。根据常识及后文“fr her age”可知，医生不建议她吃这些。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天是她的生日，这是她应得的。A. prmised许诺；B. ignred忽视；C. deserved应得；D. permitted允许。根据前文“It was her birthday”可知，她认为那是她生日应该得到的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走近自己的车时，突然一声“Llyd夫人!”把她吓了一跳。A. apprached靠近；B. discvered发现；C. started开始；D. tuched触摸。根据语境和前文“She picked up her ___3___ and walked twards her car”可知，她走近她的汽车。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走近自己的车时，突然一声“Llyd夫人!”把她吓了一跳。A. mved使感动；B. frightened使惊恐；C. delighted使高兴；D. satisfied使满意。根据语境和前文“a sudden ‘MRS. LLOYD!’”可知，突然的一声吓了她一跳。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词（过去分词）词义辨析。句意：她环顾四周，被眼前的景象惊呆了。A. disturbed受干扰的；B. inspired受启发的；C. amused逗乐的；D. shcked震惊的。根据语境和后文“Her students were standing there carrying birthday signs.”可知，对眼前的景象，她感到震惊。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有意识到他们为她准备了这样一个惊喜。A. mentined提到；B. realized意识到；C. dubted怀疑；D. admitted承认。根据语境和后文“they had prepared such a surprise fr her”可知，她本打算独自过生日，没有意识到会有这样的惊喜。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的学生Christian走了过来，捡起她的钱包，带她到其他人那里，他们都开始唱生日快乐歌。A. fllwed跟随；B. invited邀请；C. guided指导，指引，带领；D. intrduced介绍。根据语境和后文“her t the rest”及“they all started singing Happy Birthday”可知，这位学生引领她参加下面的活动。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着歌曲的继续，她热泪盈眶。A. gathered聚集；B. dried使干燥；C. disappeared消失；D. remained保持不变。根据前文“they all started singing Happy Birthday”可知，Agnes很感动，热泪盈眶。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们唱完歌的时候，彩色的小纸片突然到处飞扬。A. gradually逐渐地；B. frequently经常地；C. secretly秘密地；D. suddenly突然地。根据前文“She hadn’t ___9___ they had prepared such a surprise fr her.”可知，学生们要给老师一个惊喜，唱完歌后，彩色纸片突然飞扬。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的三个孩子拿着一个生日蛋糕走了出来，蛋糕上有两支蜡烛，组成了数字70。A. presents礼物；B. flwers花；C. candles蜡烛；D. cards卡片。根据常识及前文“a birthday cake”可知，蛋糕上插着蜡烛。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们异口同声地喊道，就在这时，Agnes第一次失去了平静。A. strength力量；B. enthusiasm热情；C. calmness平静，镇静；D. interest兴趣。基于前文的分析可知，学生们给教师Agnes Llyd准备了一个惊喜，让她度过了一个难忘的70岁生日。根据前文“Happy birthday. Mm!”可知，Agnes异常激动，失去平静。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查复合连词词义辨析。句意：即使生活再忙碌，也不要忘记你的父母。A. as if好像；B. even if既使；C. s that以便；D. nw that既然。前文“Dn’t frget yur parents”和后文“yur life gets busy”存在让步转折关系，既使忙，也不要忘记父母。故选B项。
四、语法填空（本题共10小题，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a new schl year begins, ___36___ (pen) yur mind t new peple and experiences will help yu make friends and discver new interests. Being pen-minded means trying t understand ther peple’s thughts and ideas, trying new experiences and ___37___ (explre) different ways f ding things.
There are lts f benefits t having ___38___ pen mind. It enables yu t learn new things abut the wrld and the peple arund yu. This makes yu feel mre psitive and ___39___ (cnfidence) abut facing challenges. Besides, having an interest in ther peple ___40___ (help) yu understand and share their feelings. Being pen t fresh ideas can als help develp exciting new nes f yur wn.
Then ___41___ can yu be mre curius and pen-minded? Start by asking questins. S if yu’re unsure abut jining a new club, ask ___42___ (yu) what’s stpping yu. ___43___ (imagine) hw it feels t learn a new skill, meet new peple and make friends. Dn’t jump t a sudden decisin but give yurself time t think abut it first. If smene says smething with ___44___ yu disagree, then instead f deciding they are wrng r arguing back, take a mment t cnsider why they have that pinin. Finally, pen yur mind t new ideas. Even if yu think yu’re an expert n a subject, there is always ____45____ (much) yu can learn.
【答案】36. pening
37. explring
38. an 39. cnfident
40. helps 41. hw
42. yurself
43. Imagine
44. which 45. mre
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要例举一些原因和方法来建议新学期学生应敞开心扉。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：随着新学年的开始，向新的人和经历敞开心扉将有助于你结交朋友并发现新的兴趣。分析句子可知，这里应用动名词作主语。故填pening。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：开明意味着努力理解他人的想法和想法，尝试新的体验，探索不同的做事方式。分析句子可知，这里考查mean ding表“意味做某事”，为固定搭配，所以这里应用动名词作宾语。故填explring。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：开放的心态有很多好处。分析句子可知，这里表示“一个开放的心态”，所以这里应用不定冠词表泛指，且pen为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这会让你在面对挑战时感到更加积极和自信。分析句子可知，这里应填形容词和and前psitive为并列关系。故填cnfident。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：此外，对他人感兴趣有助于你理解和分享他们的感受。分析句子可知，这里应填谓语，时态与上文保持一致用一般现在时，且主语为动名词短语，所以谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
【41题详解】
考查特殊疑问词。句意：那你怎么能更好奇、更豁达呢？由下文Start by asking questins以及句意可知，这里应指“怎样”能更好奇、更豁达。故填hw。
【42题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：所以，如果你不确定是否要加入一个新俱乐部，问问自己是什么阻止了你。分析句子可知，主语和宾语一致，这里指问“你自己”，所以应用反身代词。故填yurself。
【43题详解】
考查祈使句。句意：想象一下学习一项新技能、结识新朋友的感觉。分析句子可知，这里考查祈使句，所以本空应填动词原形，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Imagine。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如果有人说了一些你不同意的话，那么与其认定他们错了或反驳，不如花点时间想想他们为什么会有这种观点。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词smething，为物，作从句介词with后宾语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：即使你认为自己是某个学科的专家，你也总能学到更多。分析句子可知，这里表示有“更多”可学。所以应填形容词比较级。故填mre。
五、完成句子（本题共5小题，共5分）
46. I have discvered that tai chi is deeply __________ (rt) in the Chinese philsphy f yin and yang, which __________ (believe) t frm the unity f ppsites. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】 ①. rted ②. is believed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和固定短语。句意：我发现太极拳深深植根于中国的阴阳哲学，阴阳被认为是对立的统一。第一空为短语be rted in表示“植根于”；第二空表示“被认为是”短语为be believed t d sth.，非限制性定语从句修饰先行词yin and yang，在从句作主语，从句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填①rted；②is believed。
47. I did nt understand all f the traditinal custms, __________ a few made a deep impressin __________ me. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】 ①. althugh##thugh ②. n
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。句意：我并不了解所有的传统习俗，尽管有一些习俗确实给我留下了深刻的印象。第一空引导让步状语从句用从属连词althugh/thugh，固定短语make a deep impressin n (给……留下深刻的印象)。故填①althugh/thugh ②n。
48. As midnight ________ (apprach), Lu Yan takes his parents, wife and sn utside t set ff firecrackers. (所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】is appraching
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：临近午夜，罗岩带着父母、妻子和儿子出去放鞭炮。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文的takes可知此处描述的是现在事实，同时此处表示动作正在发生，故使用现在进行时。apprach为动词，意为“临近，接近”。故填is appraching。
49. When Nadim invited me __________ his sister’s wedding, I knew it wuld be the pprtunity f a lifetime. I was definitely nt wrng! （用适当的词填空）
【答案】t
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当纳迪姆邀请我参加他妹妹的婚礼时，我知道这将是一个千载难逢的机会。我绝对没有错！表示“邀请某人去某地”短语为invite sb. t smewhere。故填t。
50. I fund myself bred and __________ (ache) frm ding the same mves ver and ver again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】aching
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：我发现自己因为一遍又一遍地做同样的动作而感到无聊和痛苦。设空处与bred并列作宾语补足语，宾语myself与动词ache“疼痛，感到痛苦”之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词aching。故填aching。
六、应用文写作（本题共1小题，共15分）
51. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举行题为“Sprts Means Happiness”的征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1. 喜欢运动的原因；2. 你的锻炼情况；3. 锻炼的益处。
注意：1. 写作词数应为100左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sprts Means Happiness
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Sprts Means Happiness
I lve sprts because they nt nly keep me fit but als bring me a lt f happiness. I enjy the feeling f pushing myself t the limit and achieving my gals.
I usually play basketball r g running after schl. I als like t watch sprts games n TV, which inspires me t wrk harder.
Ding sprts has many benefits. It can strengthen my bdy, imprve my cncentratin, and reduce my stress. Mrever, it helps me make friends and learn teamwrk. In a wrd, sprts are an imprtant part f my life and I will keep exercising.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校英文报正在举行题为“Sprts Means Happiness”的征文活动，请考生按所给内容写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
获得：achieve → get/attain
鼓励：inspire → encurage
增强：strengthen → enhance
总之：In a wrd→ In shrt
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：Ding sprts has many benefits. It can strengthen my bdy, imprve my cncentratin, and reduce my stress.
拓展句：Ding sprts has many benefits, which can strengthen my bdy, imprve my cncentratin, and reduce my stress.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I als like t watch sprts games n TV, which inspires me t wrk harder. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I lve sprts because they nt nly keep me fit but als bring me a lt f happiness.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句和nt als...连接并列谓语）
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