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上教版2020必修第三册高一英语下学期 Unit 2. The things around us 单元语法课件（被动语态）
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这是一份上教版2020必修第三册高一英语下学期 Unit 2. The things around us 单元语法课件（被动语态），共55页。
Unit 2 The things around us 必修三 上教版语法精讲 被动语态Grammar and FunctionGRAMMAR 1Paris is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.The Sagrada Familia was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.Florence’s most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists .Athens is known as the birthplace of western civilisation.The Parthenon was built during this period.(1)PASSIVE VOICEAbout a million tourists visit Florence every year.Ten million people visited London last year.Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa.Picasso didn’t paint the Mona Lisa.Thousands of workers built the Great Wall of China. Make the following sentences passive.Florence is visited by a million tourists every year.London was visited by ten million people last year.The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci .The Mona Lisa was not painted by Picasso.The Great Wall was built by thousands of workers.语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态(Passive Voice)表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。其句子的谓语动词是：be + v-ed形式。动词的被动语态由于语态是动词的一种形式，它只表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系，它没有表示动作发生的时间和方式，因此，被动语态形式的句子，仍然有各种时态变化。由于构成被动语态的行为动词变成了动词-ed形式，所 以，被动语态句子的时态都要体现在助动词be上。动词时态和语态的结构am/is/are donewas/were done will be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been doneam/is/are being donewas/ were being done1．被动语态的构成be + v-ed1）一般现在时 am/is/are + v-ed You're wanted on the telephone. 有人给你打电话。2）一般过去时 was/were + v-ed The book was finished last week. 这书是上周写完的。3）一般将来时 will be + v-ed You'll be allowed to go out tomorrow. 明天让你出去。4）现在进行时和过去进行时 ① The building is being built. 这幢楼正在建设之中。②The bikes were being repaired. 那时正在修自行车。5）现在完成时和过去完成时①This book has been translated into English. 这本书已被译成英语。②The car had been repaired. 这时汽车已修完了。学以致用1. A new cinema ______ here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built2. —Why did you leave that position?—I ______ a better position at IBM. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered3. More than a dozen students in that school ______ abroad to study medicine last year. A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent学以致用4. The moment the 28th Olympic Games ______ open, the whole world cheered. A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared5. John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it ______ seriously.A. damaged B. was being damaged C. had damaged D. had been damaged2．被动语态的用法1) 我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执 行者是谁(这时都不带由by引起的短语)。 The book is written for teachers. 这种书是为教师写的。2) 动作的承受者是谈话的中心(这时可带 由by引起的短语)。 The shop is run by a young man. 这家商店是由一个年轻人经营的。3) 出于礼貌措辞等方面的考虑不愿说出动 作的执行者是谁。It is generally considered not advisable to smoke here. 一般认为在这儿吸烟是不妥当的。4) 被动结构能使句子得到更好的安排。Liu Dehua appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 刘德华在台上出现，观众给予了热烈的掌声。 3.学习、使用被动语态应注意下面几点1) 短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动词的完整性，动词后面的介词或副词切记不可遗漏。These books must be taken good care of. 这些书必须好好保管。The children were well looked after. 孩子们受到了良好的护理。2) 带双宾语的动词的被动语态：(give, send, take, bring, teach, tell, offer, sing, buy, promise, make, write, ask, lend, show, pay等)将其中一个宾语变成主 语，另一个宾语作为保留宾语，或变为介词 宾语，作状语。We gave him some picture-books.→He was given some picture-books.→Some picture-books were given to him. 我们给他一些图画书。3) 情态动词的被动语态：和shall或will一样。We can divide an atom.→An atom can be divided.原子是可分的。4) 有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如：sell, wash, draw, keep, prove, clean, run, wear, cook, read, smoke, cut, burn等。The book sells well. 这本书畅销。Silk wears well. 丝耐穿。This cloth washes well. 这种布料耐洗。4. Practice:1．—“Town Hall is the tallest building in the city.” —“ ______ from here?” A. Can it see B. Can it be seen C. Can be seen it D. Can see答案 B。 Town Hall (市政厅)应当是被看 见，所以应在B和C中选择。又因这是一个 问句，故选B。 2．—“The ceremony has already started.” —“Look! The flag is ______ now.”A．being raised B．risenC．being rose D．raising答案 A。 rise vi.升起，不能有被动形式， 故B, C不能选用。 raise vt.举起，升起。 后要接宾语，故 D不适用。 being raised 正在被升起，正符合题意。 3．The assassination attempt ______ millions, because the speech was on television. A. was seen by B. was saw by C. seen by D. was seen for答案A。assassination暗杀。根据题意： 暗杀行为被数百万人所看见，故选A。 4. The things talked about in this report ______ over a year ago. A. had taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place答案B。take place, occur, happen发生，均为不及物动词词组，没有被动语态。 5．The anti-Japanese War ______ in 1937 and it ______ eight years. A．was broken out; lasted B．broke out; lasted C．break out; lasts D．broke out; was lasted答案 B。 break out, last 均为不及物动词 （短语），没有被动语态。6．Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand ______ . A．feels so cold B．is felt so coldly C．feels so coldly D．feel so cold答案 A。 feel（摸起来有……的感觉）seem, sound, look 等作为系动词使用，系表结构没 有被动语态。 7. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ______ . A. will be taken B. are takenC. were taken D. had been taken如果不采取措施，河水将会进一步受到污染。 答案B。主句中为一般将来时，unless 引导条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将 来，而“措施”应该是 “被采取”，用被 动语态。8. Good care must ______ babies particularly while they are ill. A. take B. take of C. be taken D. be taken of婴儿必须得到精心的照顾，尤其是在他们 生病时。答案 D。 take care of babies意为“照看 婴儿”。句子主语为care，谓语动词必 须用被动语态，所以答案为D。1. The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time. A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell 高考链接2. As the years passed, many occasions — birthdays, awards, graduations — ________ with Dad’s flowers. A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked 高考链接3. Leonardo da Vinci (1452—1519) _______birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought 高考链接4. —Have you handed in your schoolwork yet? —Yes, I have. I guess it ______ now. A. has graded B. is graded C. is being graded D. is grading 高考链接1．“get ＋过去分词”形式 表示被动我的自行车昨晚被偷了。 你没有太多时间换衣服了。→My bike got stolen last night.→You don’t have enough time to get changed.2.主动形式表示被动意义 (1).这件毛衣很好洗。 This sweater __washes____(wash) well. (2)．你的文章好读。 Your article ___reads____ (read) well. (3)．这些花闻起来很香。 The flowers ______smell__ (smell) sweet. (4). 这种布料易干. This kind of cloth dries easily. 典型例题.Water at 100℃. In such hot weather, it won’t take much time to boil water. A. boils B. is boiled C. will boil D. is boiling 主动形式表示被动意义也是高考考查动词的时态和语态的热点之一。当谓语动词被用来说明主语的性质或特征时，往往用主动表示被动，因为此时的谓语动词并不强调是一个被动的动作。【解题探究】 A。“水在100℃会沸腾”这是一种客观事实，也是水的一种性质，故选A。又如：The knife cuts sharply.这把刀很锋利。3 一些系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out等。例如：The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft. 【经典考例】—I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend. —________ good. （2006湖北卷，29） A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds 解析：答案为D。滑雪听起来是个不错的主意。sound 作为系动词，它没有被动语态和进行时态。4不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词有：hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比较：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.没有形容词时，虽然不定式与主语是动宾关系，但必须用被动式。5使役动词和感官动词带有复合宾语，变为被动语态时，将宾语变为主语保留原来的宾补，并还原在主动语态中省略了的不定式符号to.I hear the girl sing English songs. → The girl is heard to sing English songs.主动语态 → make/let/have/see/hear sb do sth 被动语态→ sb be made/let/had/seen/heard to do sth典型例题The workers were made ________ ten hours a day.A. work B. to work C. working D. worked6want, need, require,和be worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。The book is worth reading. （值得一读）The coat requires mending. （需要缝补）The children needs looking after. （需要照看）The table wants cleaning. （需打扫）7非谓语动词的被动语态 The building to be built is a new cinema.The car being repaired is mine. 例题11. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ______ could be heard outside the classroom. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and closeC。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。过去分词作定语表完成、被动；不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在进行。本题题意为：在开始上课时，在教室外面就能听到开关课桌的声音。表示开关课桌的动作正在进行，因此用现在分词作定语。8被动语态与系表结构的区别 被动语态中的过去分词是动词，表示动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，表示状态。 These things are sold quickly.（被动语态） 这些东西卖得很快。 These things are all sold out.（系表结构） 这些东西已经卖完了。常使用系表结构的词有：be seated坐着，be hidden躲藏，be lost迷路，be drunk喝醉，be dressed穿着，be devoted to致力于；献身，be determined决定判断被动语态与系表结构（1）Such questions are often settled through negotiations. 这类问题通常通过谈判解决。 （2）The question is settled. 这个问题解决了。（被动语态）（系表结构） 表状态的这些词，做状语Seated in the front row, Tom was listening carefully.Dressed in red, she looks pretty.Lost in the mountain for a week , he was finally rescued by the local police.Devoted to the Party, the young soldier gave his life for his country 课堂练习1【2011天津卷,3】In the last few years thousands of films____ all over the world.A.have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“在过去的几年时间里，全世界制作了成千上万部电影。”in the last few years在过去的几年时间里，其实是从过去算到现在，是现在完成时的标志。选B。2【2011上海春招,32】A lot of people often forget that oral exams__________ to test our communicative ability. A. design B. are designed C. are designing D. are being designed【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。oral exams与design的关系存在着被动，故选B。3.【2011四川卷,9】All visitors to this village _______ with kindness.A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。”表示经常性或习惯性的动作，用一般现在时。来访者与招待存在着被动关系。由于没有交代过去时间，had been treated过去的过去不能用。因此选B。4.【2011湖南卷,34】In the near future, more advances in the robot technology_______by scientists.A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made【答案】D【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。”in the near future表明了将来的时间，more advances与 make主谓关系上存在着被动，故选D。5.I need one more stamp before my collection______. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed析：complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。66. The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time. A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sellC。本题考查动词的时态和语态。由句意可知此处应用被动语态，故排除A、D两项；由were so lovely与sell不分先后关系可排除B项。77. As the years passed, many occasions — birthdays, awards, graduations — ______ with Dad’s flowers. A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had markedB。as从句用了一般过去时，主从句时态应一致。occasions与mark之间为被动关系。8.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ______ yet. A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decidedA。本题考查动词的时态与语态。句意为：詹姆斯教授要给我们作关于西方文化的讲座，但时间和地点还没决定。由yet可看出用完成时，又因时间与地点是被决定的，故应用被动语态。 99. I got caught in the rain and my suit ______. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined. C。ruin表示的动作发生在got caught之后，故排除B、D两项。此处表示被动，所以C项正确。 1010. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there ______ for a space flight. A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained D。本题考查非谓语动词。作目的状语时用不定式，而不用分词，可首先排除A、B两项；另外，he承受train这一动作，应用被动语态，故D项正确。 11 At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ______ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and closeC。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。过去分词作定语表完成、被动；不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在进行。本题题意为：在开始上课时，在教室外面就能听到开关课桌的声音。表示开关课桌的动作正在进行，因此用现在分词作定语。Thank you for your attention!
Unit 2 The things around us 必修三 上教版语法精讲 被动语态Grammar and FunctionGRAMMAR 1Paris is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.The Sagrada Familia was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.Florence’s most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists .Athens is known as the birthplace of western civilisation.The Parthenon was built during this period.(1)PASSIVE VOICEAbout a million tourists visit Florence every year.Ten million people visited London last year.Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa.Picasso didn’t paint the Mona Lisa.Thousands of workers built the Great Wall of China. Make the following sentences passive.Florence is visited by a million tourists every year.London was visited by ten million people last year.The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci .The Mona Lisa was not painted by Picasso.The Great Wall was built by thousands of workers.语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态(Passive Voice)表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。其句子的谓语动词是：be + v-ed形式。动词的被动语态由于语态是动词的一种形式，它只表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系，它没有表示动作发生的时间和方式，因此，被动语态形式的句子，仍然有各种时态变化。由于构成被动语态的行为动词变成了动词-ed形式，所 以，被动语态句子的时态都要体现在助动词be上。动词时态和语态的结构am/is/are donewas/were done will be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been doneam/is/are being donewas/ were being done1．被动语态的构成be + v-ed1）一般现在时 am/is/are + v-ed You're wanted on the telephone. 有人给你打电话。2）一般过去时 was/were + v-ed The book was finished last week. 这书是上周写完的。3）一般将来时 will be + v-ed You'll be allowed to go out tomorrow. 明天让你出去。4）现在进行时和过去进行时 ① The building is being built. 这幢楼正在建设之中。②The bikes were being repaired. 那时正在修自行车。5）现在完成时和过去完成时①This book has been translated into English. 这本书已被译成英语。②The car had been repaired. 这时汽车已修完了。学以致用1. A new cinema ______ here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built2. —Why did you leave that position?—I ______ a better position at IBM. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered3. More than a dozen students in that school ______ abroad to study medicine last year. A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent学以致用4. The moment the 28th Olympic Games ______ open, the whole world cheered. A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared5. John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it ______ seriously.A. damaged B. was being damaged C. had damaged D. had been damaged2．被动语态的用法1) 我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执 行者是谁(这时都不带由by引起的短语)。 The book is written for teachers. 这种书是为教师写的。2) 动作的承受者是谈话的中心(这时可带 由by引起的短语)。 The shop is run by a young man. 这家商店是由一个年轻人经营的。3) 出于礼貌措辞等方面的考虑不愿说出动 作的执行者是谁。It is generally considered not advisable to smoke here. 一般认为在这儿吸烟是不妥当的。4) 被动结构能使句子得到更好的安排。Liu Dehua appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 刘德华在台上出现，观众给予了热烈的掌声。 3.学习、使用被动语态应注意下面几点1) 短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动词的完整性，动词后面的介词或副词切记不可遗漏。These books must be taken good care of. 这些书必须好好保管。The children were well looked after. 孩子们受到了良好的护理。2) 带双宾语的动词的被动语态：(give, send, take, bring, teach, tell, offer, sing, buy, promise, make, write, ask, lend, show, pay等)将其中一个宾语变成主 语，另一个宾语作为保留宾语，或变为介词 宾语，作状语。We gave him some picture-books.→He was given some picture-books.→Some picture-books were given to him. 我们给他一些图画书。3) 情态动词的被动语态：和shall或will一样。We can divide an atom.→An atom can be divided.原子是可分的。4) 有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如：sell, wash, draw, keep, prove, clean, run, wear, cook, read, smoke, cut, burn等。The book sells well. 这本书畅销。Silk wears well. 丝耐穿。This cloth washes well. 这种布料耐洗。4. Practice:1．—“Town Hall is the tallest building in the city.” —“ ______ from here?” A. Can it see B. Can it be seen C. Can be seen it D. Can see答案 B。 Town Hall (市政厅)应当是被看 见，所以应在B和C中选择。又因这是一个 问句，故选B。 2．—“The ceremony has already started.” —“Look! The flag is ______ now.”A．being raised B．risenC．being rose D．raising答案 A。 rise vi.升起，不能有被动形式， 故B, C不能选用。 raise vt.举起，升起。 后要接宾语，故 D不适用。 being raised 正在被升起，正符合题意。 3．The assassination attempt ______ millions, because the speech was on television. A. was seen by B. was saw by C. seen by D. was seen for答案A。assassination暗杀。根据题意： 暗杀行为被数百万人所看见，故选A。 4. The things talked about in this report ______ over a year ago. A. had taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place答案B。take place, occur, happen发生，均为不及物动词词组，没有被动语态。 5．The anti-Japanese War ______ in 1937 and it ______ eight years. A．was broken out; lasted B．broke out; lasted C．break out; lasts D．broke out; was lasted答案 B。 break out, last 均为不及物动词 （短语），没有被动语态。6．Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand ______ . A．feels so cold B．is felt so coldly C．feels so coldly D．feel so cold答案 A。 feel（摸起来有……的感觉）seem, sound, look 等作为系动词使用，系表结构没 有被动语态。 7. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ______ . A. will be taken B. are takenC. were taken D. had been taken如果不采取措施，河水将会进一步受到污染。 答案B。主句中为一般将来时，unless 引导条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将 来，而“措施”应该是 “被采取”，用被 动语态。8. Good care must ______ babies particularly while they are ill. A. take B. take of C. be taken D. be taken of婴儿必须得到精心的照顾，尤其是在他们 生病时。答案 D。 take care of babies意为“照看 婴儿”。句子主语为care，谓语动词必 须用被动语态，所以答案为D。1. The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time. A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell 高考链接2. As the years passed, many occasions — birthdays, awards, graduations — ________ with Dad’s flowers. A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked 高考链接3. Leonardo da Vinci (1452—1519) _______birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought 高考链接4. —Have you handed in your schoolwork yet? —Yes, I have. I guess it ______ now. A. has graded B. is graded C. is being graded D. is grading 高考链接1．“get ＋过去分词”形式 表示被动我的自行车昨晚被偷了。 你没有太多时间换衣服了。→My bike got stolen last night.→You don’t have enough time to get changed.2.主动形式表示被动意义 (1).这件毛衣很好洗。 This sweater __washes____(wash) well. (2)．你的文章好读。 Your article ___reads____ (read) well. (3)．这些花闻起来很香。 The flowers ______smell__ (smell) sweet. (4). 这种布料易干. This kind of cloth dries easily. 典型例题.Water at 100℃. In such hot weather, it won’t take much time to boil water. A. boils B. is boiled C. will boil D. is boiling 主动形式表示被动意义也是高考考查动词的时态和语态的热点之一。当谓语动词被用来说明主语的性质或特征时，往往用主动表示被动，因为此时的谓语动词并不强调是一个被动的动作。【解题探究】 A。“水在100℃会沸腾”这是一种客观事实，也是水的一种性质，故选A。又如：The knife cuts sharply.这把刀很锋利。3 一些系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out等。例如：The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft. 【经典考例】—I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend. —________ good. （2006湖北卷，29） A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds 解析：答案为D。滑雪听起来是个不错的主意。sound 作为系动词，它没有被动语态和进行时态。4不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词有：hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比较：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.没有形容词时，虽然不定式与主语是动宾关系，但必须用被动式。5使役动词和感官动词带有复合宾语，变为被动语态时，将宾语变为主语保留原来的宾补，并还原在主动语态中省略了的不定式符号to.I hear the girl sing English songs. → The girl is heard to sing English songs.主动语态 → make/let/have/see/hear sb do sth 被动语态→ sb be made/let/had/seen/heard to do sth典型例题The workers were made ________ ten hours a day.A. work B. to work C. working D. worked6want, need, require,和be worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。The book is worth reading. （值得一读）The coat requires mending. （需要缝补）The children needs looking after. （需要照看）The table wants cleaning. （需打扫）7非谓语动词的被动语态 The building to be built is a new cinema.The car being repaired is mine. 例题11. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ______ could be heard outside the classroom. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and closeC。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。过去分词作定语表完成、被动；不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在进行。本题题意为：在开始上课时，在教室外面就能听到开关课桌的声音。表示开关课桌的动作正在进行，因此用现在分词作定语。8被动语态与系表结构的区别 被动语态中的过去分词是动词，表示动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，表示状态。 These things are sold quickly.（被动语态） 这些东西卖得很快。 These things are all sold out.（系表结构） 这些东西已经卖完了。常使用系表结构的词有：be seated坐着，be hidden躲藏，be lost迷路，be drunk喝醉，be dressed穿着，be devoted to致力于；献身，be determined决定判断被动语态与系表结构（1）Such questions are often settled through negotiations. 这类问题通常通过谈判解决。 （2）The question is settled. 这个问题解决了。（被动语态）（系表结构） 表状态的这些词，做状语Seated in the front row, Tom was listening carefully.Dressed in red, she looks pretty.Lost in the mountain for a week , he was finally rescued by the local police.Devoted to the Party, the young soldier gave his life for his country 课堂练习1【2011天津卷,3】In the last few years thousands of films____ all over the world.A.have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“在过去的几年时间里，全世界制作了成千上万部电影。”in the last few years在过去的几年时间里，其实是从过去算到现在，是现在完成时的标志。选B。2【2011上海春招,32】A lot of people often forget that oral exams__________ to test our communicative ability. A. design B. are designed C. are designing D. are being designed【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。oral exams与design的关系存在着被动，故选B。3.【2011四川卷,9】All visitors to this village _______ with kindness.A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。”表示经常性或习惯性的动作，用一般现在时。来访者与招待存在着被动关系。由于没有交代过去时间，had been treated过去的过去不能用。因此选B。4.【2011湖南卷,34】In the near future, more advances in the robot technology_______by scientists.A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made【答案】D【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。”in the near future表明了将来的时间，more advances与 make主谓关系上存在着被动，故选D。5.I need one more stamp before my collection______. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed析：complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。66. The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time. A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sellC。本题考查动词的时态和语态。由句意可知此处应用被动语态，故排除A、D两项；由were so lovely与sell不分先后关系可排除B项。77. As the years passed, many occasions — birthdays, awards, graduations — ______ with Dad’s flowers. A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had markedB。as从句用了一般过去时，主从句时态应一致。occasions与mark之间为被动关系。8.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ______ yet. A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decidedA。本题考查动词的时态与语态。句意为：詹姆斯教授要给我们作关于西方文化的讲座，但时间和地点还没决定。由yet可看出用完成时，又因时间与地点是被决定的，故应用被动语态。 99. I got caught in the rain and my suit ______. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined. C。ruin表示的动作发生在got caught之后，故排除B、D两项。此处表示被动，所以C项正确。 1010. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there ______ for a space flight. A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained D。本题考查非谓语动词。作目的状语时用不定式，而不用分词，可首先排除A、B两项；另外，he承受train这一动作，应用被动语态，故D项正确。 11 At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ______ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and closeC。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。过去分词作定语表完成、被动；不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在进行。本题题意为：在开始上课时，在教室外面就能听到开关课桌的声音。表示开关课桌的动作正在进行，因此用现在分词作定语。Thank you for your attention!
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