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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life精品巩固练习
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life精品巩固练习，文件包含专题27选择性必修第3册Unit1Art教师版---2023届高三英语总复习人教版2019docx、专题27选择性必修第3册Unit1Art学生版---2023届高三英语总复习人教版2019docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共46页， 欢迎下载使用。
知识精讲
知识点01 influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As a humble persn，my wrds are nt (influence)，s I wuld rather keep silent.
(2)T tell the truth，what the teacher said has a permanent influence me.
再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(3)在我物理老师的影响下，我对物理越来越感兴趣。换句话说，我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响极大。因此，他是我最尊敬的人。 (2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
Under my physics teacher’s influence，I have grwn increasingly interested in physics.In ther wrds，my physics teacher is my rle mdel，wh has a great influence n me.S he is the persn I respect mst.
知识点2 rank n．地位；级别；行列
vt.& vi.把……分等级；使排列成行
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)They rank him a realistic painter，wh has gained a gd reputatin.
(2)The student representative wh is delivering a speech nw (rank) high at schl.
再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(3)(普通表达)I learnt that yu ranked first in the English speech cmpetitin held last week.I am writing t ffer my sincere cngratulatins.(应用文之祝贺信)
(高级表达)Learning that yu ranked first in the English speech cmpetitin held last week，I am writing t ffer my sincere cngratulatins.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
知识点3 guarantee vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生
n．保证；保修单；担保物
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He guaranteed (cnvey) my aplgies t him，but I was still wrried.
(2)His car is less than a year ld，s it is still guarantee.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)至于准备工作，事先阅读一些中文小说会确保让你融入汉语的环境中。
As fr preparatin，reading sme Chinese nvels in advance will guarantee t make yu adapt t the Chinese language envirnment.
知识点4 wrthy adj.值得……的；有价值的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As far as I am cncerned，the exhibitin is wrthy (visit)．
＝The exhibitin is wrthy f (visit)．
＝The exhibitin is wrthy f a (visit)．
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(2)由BBC制作的精良电影《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》值得观看。
①A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Pet，prduced by BBC，is wrthy f being seen.(be wrthy f)
②A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Pet，prduced by BBC，is wrthy t be seen.(be wrthy t)
③A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Pet，prduced by BBC，is wrth seeing.(wrth)
④It is wrthwhile seeing/t see a well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Pet，prduced by BBC.(wrthwhile)
知识点5 in particular尤其；特别
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中particular的汉语意思
(1)I have nthing particular t purchase in the supermarket.
(2)The bride is particular abut what t wear at the wedding.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(3)父母和教练尤其要给孩子们树立更好的榜样。
Parents and caches particularly/in particular shuld act as better examples fr children.
(4)只有讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己生病。
①We can prevent urselves frm falling ill nly when we are particular abut/ver fd.
②Only when we are particular abut/ver fd can we prevent urselves frm falling ill.(运用倒装句)
知识点6 life赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来
根据句意用life短语的正确形式填空
(1)When the girl finally ，we sighed in relief.
(2)The match in the final minutes f the secnd half.
(3)It was that teacher’s humr that the class .
(4)Althugh he is very wealthy，he still simple .
知识点7 while引导的从句
While his paintings still had religius themes，they shwed real peple in a real envirnment.
虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中while的汉语意思
(1)My deskmate likes English while I am fnd f Chinese.
(2)Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
(3)While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin，they als give beneficial Vitamin D．
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(4)正如古老谚语所说：“趁热打铁。”
As the ld saying ges：“Strike while the irn is ht.”
(5)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。(读后续写之升华句)
While we can’t predict what will happen in the future，we can guide urselves with determinatin and lve.
(6)参观展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且会学到很多东西。
①While we are visiting this exhibitin，we will nt nly enjy the flk art wrks but als learn a lt.
②While visiting this exhibitin，we will nt nly enjy the flk art wrks but als learn a lt.(状语从句的省略)
知识点8 主语＋be＋adj.＋t d
Finally，mst clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting t lk at.
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)即使这个问题很难解决，我也没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者事竟成”。
Even thugh the prblem was difficult t slve，I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will，there is a way.”
(2)我听说这个人很小气，而且很难相处。
I hear that the man is very mean and difficult t get alng/n with.
语法精讲
不定式作表语
【观察例句】
1．Perhaps the best way t understand Western art is t lk at the develpment f Western painting ver the centuries.
2．During the Middle Ages，the purpse f Western art was t teach peple abut Christianity.
3．In this wrk，Mnet's aim was t cnvey the light and mvement in the scene.
4．What they attempted t d was n lnger shw reality，but instead t ask the questin，“What is art？”
【归纳用法】
一、不定式作表语的用法
1．表目的
The purpse f educatin is t develp a fine persnality in children.
教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。
2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或语言。
Yu must speak ut，if we are t remain friends.
如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你就必须痛痛快快地把话都说出来。
3．用于第一人称问句，表示征求意见。
What am I t say if they ask me the questin?
要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？
4．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
They are t marry next week.
他们将在下周结婚。(安排)
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①His ambitin is (becme) a famus nvelist.
②Our mst imprtant task nw is (make) a plan.
③The functin f Luis Sullivan's architecture was (prvide) large uninterrupted flr areas and t allw ample light int the interir.
二、不定式和现在分词作表语的区别
1．动词不定式作表语，通常表示具体的或将来的动作。
Our first assignment was t read tw shrt stries.
我们的首要任务是读两篇短篇故事。
2．现在分词作表语，表示抽象的一般行为。
My wrk is teaching Chinese.
我的工作是教语文。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①The mst imprtant thing is (negtiate) with them abut the future f the plant.
②What we expect frm yu is (wrk) hard rather than hardly wrking.
三、不定式作表语t的省略
1．当主语thing这个词被动词不定式修饰时，作表语的不定式符号“t”可以省略。
The thing fr us t d is accept the challenge.
我们要做的事情就是要接受挑战。
2．当主语是带有动词“d”的由“what”引导的主语从句时，其表语的动词不定式符号“t”可以省略。
What they want t d is have a gd sleep.
他们想要做的就是好好睡一觉。
3．当句子主语被动词“d”作谓语的定语从句修饰的anything，all，all that，the nly thing，the nly way，或者thing前面有序数词first，secnd，last等修饰时，其表语动词不定式的符号“t”可以省略。
The nly thing yu have t d is press the buttn.
你要做的唯一的事情就是按一下按钮。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My wrk is (clean) the rm every day.
2．T d tw things at a time is (d) neither.
3．The next step is (make) sure that yu knw exactly what is required.
4．Yu must be patient and persistent if yu are (succeed)．
5．What am I (d) if I have n mney?
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
I am a manager f a small cmpany. My jb is 1. (manage) the daily wrk f the cmpany. One day，I was 2. (leave) the cmpany when I fund a little by was 3. (slip) int the building f the cmpany. I stpped him and asked what he was 4. (d). He explained that he was 5. (see) the prcess f hw ur prduct was wrked 6. . I tld him it was t late 7. (d) that and he culd cme earlier next day and I wuld shw him 8. ur cmpany in persn. The by waved gdbye 9. me and left happily. I thught all he had t d was 10. (study) hard at schl.
写作园地
关于文学作品的介绍
文学作品介绍一般包括小说、戏剧等的故事背景、故事情节、人物角色，最后要发表一下自己的观点。对作品做出评价时，我们可以从一个情节和人物形象或一个场面等方面着手。
[基本框架]
第一段：简要介绍文学作品及作者。
第二段：详细介绍其故事背景、故事情节、人物角色等。
第三段：发表自己的观点。
[注意事项]
1．主要是一般现在时，也可根据需要灵活使用其他时态。
2．以第一和第三人称为主。
3．使用恰当的过渡词。
[常用词块]
1．fairy tales童话故事
2．my favrite nvel我最喜欢的小说
3．be written by由……创作
4．write many scientific rmances写了很多科幻小说
5．devte himself t literature致力于文学(写作)
6．a vivid descriptin f many difficulties and incidents
生动地描述了许多困难和事情
7．learn a lt frm the bk从这本书中学到很多
8．a nice and funny bk一本又好看又有趣的书
9．be abut the life f a pr child关于一个贫穷孩子的生活
10．the cntents and plts f the bk这本书的内容和情节
[常用语句]
1．I enjy reading different kinds f bks，but“Harry Prter”is my favrite ne.
我很喜欢读不同种类的书，但是，《哈利·波特》是我最喜欢的书。
2．The fairy tales are my favrites，such as Grimm's Fairy Tales，Andersn's Fairy Tales and s n.
童话故事是我最喜欢的，比如说《格林童话》，《安徒生童话》等。
3．The stry is very lng but I am interested in it.
这个故事很长，但是我很感兴趣。
4．In fact，the fictin stry is s meaningful that I can learn a lt frm it.
事实上，这个小说非常有意义，我从这本书中学到很多。
5．We are als astnished and cnvinced by his fertile imaginatin and scientific and gegraphical knwledge.
我们也对他丰富的想象力，科学、地理知识感到很吃惊和折服。
6．I think it's the best bk I've ever read.
我认为这是我读过的最好的书。
请写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍小说《百万英镑》(The Millin Pund Bank Nte)，要求包括如下内容：
1．作者：Mark Twain
2．语言风格：幽默、讽刺
3．故事梗概：伦敦的两位富翁打赌，把一张无法兑现的百万支票借给落魄的美国穷人亨利·亚当，看他在一个月内如何收场。一个月的期限到了，亨利不仅没有饿死或被捕，反倒成了富翁，并且赢得了一位漂亮小姐的芳心。
4．你印象最深的地方。
[参考词汇]讽刺的 sarcastic
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Inventing such a tl was really a great in science in the past.
2．What makes me excited is that tickets may be in advance frm the bx ffice.
3．The yung man ften helped thers and sn acquired a in this twn.
4．She was very yung，but she culd describe the accident (准确地)．
5．In spite f many invitatins，he wuld always (拒绝) t visit Oxfrd.
6．There are n (永久的) exhibitins in this museum and displays change all the time.
7．We cannt that ur flights will never be delayed.
8．As far as I’m cncerned，it is a highly (主观的) pint f view.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．His behavirs had a deep n me.That is，I was by him greatly.(influence)
10．Yung peple have a gd and they can what they are learning with ease.(memrial)
11．Nwadays these ften the present ecnmical situatins.(critical)
12．The student is mre than delighted t his class t talk abut learning methds.(representative)
13．We are rganizing an art fr ur schl students their wrks f art.(exhibitin)
14．There is general (recgnize) that the study techniques f many students are nt scientific.
15．I am reading freign nvels t (expansin) knwledge f freign cuntries.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．对于高中生来说，好好休息是有必要的。(it作形式主语)
Fr high schl students， .
17．这次活动的目的是提高我们保护中国传统文化的意识。
prtecting Chinese traditinal culture.
18．我容易相处。(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d)
.
19．尽管我发现解决这个问题很困难，但我仍将竭尽全力解决它。(it作形式宾语)
，I will try my best t wrk it ut.
20．得知下个月将举办一个中国画画展，我写信想申请成为一名志愿者。(分词短语作主语)
，I am writing t apply t be a vlunteer.
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Because there have been s many different styles f Western art，perhaps the best way
(understand) Western art is t lk at the develpment f Western painting ver the centuries.During the Middle Ages，the purpse f Western art was 2. (teach) peple abut Christianity.This began t change in the 13th century with Gitt di Bndne.His paintings are set apart frm ther paintings by their 3. (reality) human faces and deep emtinal impact.Painters cncentrated
(little) n religius themes during the Renaissance.5. imprtant breakthrugh was the use f perspective by Masacci and anther innvatin was the use f il paints.As fr subjects，the emphasis 6. (increase) shifted frm religius themes t peple and the wrld arund us.Phtgraphy was invented in the mid-19th century，after 7. paintings were n lnger needed t preserve what peple and the wrld lked like.Hence，impressinism 8. (emerge) in France.The name came frm the painting by Claude Mnet 9. (call) Impressin，Sunrise.After Impressinism，subsequent artists began t ask what they wuld d next.What they attempted t d was n lnger shw reality,
10. instead t ask the questin，“What is art？”
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：不定式作表语)
eq \x(reputatin，criticise，cnvey，visual，guarantee，recgnitin)
My grandfather was an influential painter.Frm his subjective pint f view，he was keen n painting realistic things and his wrks were primitive，which set him apart frm the ther painters.He gained
as a representative f the Realism Assciatin.S nbles，peple f high rank and wealthy clients desired t purchase his wrks，which earned him a 2. .He made a breakthrugh in his field，but he was always humble.When he was 3. by thers r disagreements emerged，he still
4. kindness and declined t place criticism n thers.Later he made friends with a sculptr wh ften created wnderful sculptures at sunrise near a pnd.Subsequently，bth f them framed a plan t visit the exhibitins and the purpse was t find thse with artistic eyes.Althugh they culdn’t 5. every child a bright future，their investment was wrthy f praise and expansin.In my grandfather’s advanced years，besides fine art，he preferred brnze bwls，ceramic vases and in particular ink wash paintings frm ancient times，which brught histry t life.All frms f art ffer us 6. beauty and have a permanent influence n hw we view the wrld.
题组C 培优拔尖练
A
Like everything else，Lndn’s wrld-class museums clsed in March，but ne by ne，mst f them have annunced their repening.Visiting will be very different t the museum experience yu’re used t，thugh：yu’ll have t pre-bk a timed entry slt(时段), yu may have t fllw a ne-way rute and face masks will be encuraged.
British Museum
What is it? Since it pened in 1759—the first ever natinal museum fr the public—the British Museum has been displaying artwrk f wrld heritage，including the Rsetta Stne and the Parthenn sculptures.
Why g? The museum has ver 8 millin bjects in its cllectin,50,000 f which are n display.That’s a lt f bang fr yur buck，cnsidering entrance t the main areas is free.
Natinal Gallery
What is it? A first-class and entirely free-t-enter artistic institutin in the heart f Trafalgar Square.Funded in 1824，the Natinal Gallery is hme t mre than 2,000 paintings frm artists such as da Vinci，Van Ggh，Turner，Picass，Matisse and Cezanne.
Why g? T learn mre abut the wrld’s highly praised artwrks and even try yur hand at drawing in the galleries.
Design Museum
What is it? A fascinating museum that explres cntemprary design and architecture.The Design Museum is bursting with free temprary exhibitins，pp-ups and bkable displays.
Why g? The museum’s new hme in Kensingtn is an abslute design feat，and when yu’ve finished yur walkabut，take a tur t the nearby Hlland Park Kyt Garden fr sme well-deserved rest.
Imperial(帝国的) War Museum
What is it? A pwerful museum shining a light n peple’s experiences f cnflict frm the First Wrld War t tday.A few minutes’ walk frm Waterl，IWM is made up f permanent galleries，such as the ace Curisities f War exhibit，and temprary displays，explring recent cnflicts and terrrist attacks.
Why g? Fr impressive and extensive cllectins，including the mving，and eye-pening permanent Hlcaust exhibitin(nt recmmended fr children under 14)．
1．What is a must fr visitrs t the museums?
A．Bking in advance.B．Preparing a face mask.
C．Bringing enugh mney.D．Arriving earlier than usual.
2．In which museum can yu mst prbably see wrld famus paintings?
A．British Museum.B．Design Museum.
C．Natinal Gallery.D．Imperial War Museum.
3．Hw is Imperial War Museum different frm the ther three?
A．It has the largest cllectin.B．Kids under 14 are nt advised t visit it.
C．Yu can have a gd rest in it.D．Yu may meet sme artists in it.
B
In this special schl，Lisa Elder desn’t have a lessn plan r an attendance bk.She des have her walkie-talkie(对讲机)．When the hallways are secure and the teachers ready，the call cmes ver the radi：Students are n their way up.
Three teens，tw bys and ne girl，entered Elder’s classrm.“Why dn’t yu guys have a seat and I’ll tell yu what we’re ding，” she tells them.
Tday，they’re ging t cut ut leaves frm cnstructin paper and write life skills n them：“Patience.” “Hygiene(卫生)．”
Then，Lisa ntices a by named Brandn.He’s hunched(躬身的) ver his desk and he’s gt his fist against his chest—it’s shaking.Lisa tries talking t him but gets n respnse.
It desn’t lk like anything t me：just a by wh’s nt participating in class.But Elder has seen this behavir in his file，and she knws it’s a warning sign.
She radis fr backup，“Culd I have a yuth wrker up in life skills？”
By the time the yuth wrker cmes in，Brandn has turned his desk t face the back wall，and he’s getting mre and mre agitated.He’s still nt respnding.
“OK，” she tells him.“Here are the chices：If yu want t stay in my classrm and participate，I wuld lve yu t.I will d anything I can t help yu.But if all yu’re ging t d is turn yur back and avid everything peple are asking f yu，then I’m ging t have yu brught dwn t the ffice.”
She pauses fr a mment.“I wuld like yu t make the better chice and stay with me.”
That’s nt the chice Brandn makes.It’s becming clear：He culd lse cntrl at any mment.
Elder leaves the rm,20 minutes befre class is ver.As we walk dwn t the residential unit，she tells me，“S when I tell yu that I dn’t knw what the day is ging t bring，that’s a perfect example.”
4．What subject des Elder teach?
A．Paper cutting.B．Life skills.
C．Building cnstructin.D．Basic science.
5．What des the underlined wrd “agitated” shw?
A．Brandn is nw getting quite upset.B．Brandn is making fun f his teacher.
C．Brandn is drawing Elder’s attentin.D．Brandn is just jking with his friends.
6．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．Elder leaves the rm fr safety.B．The three teens are nrmal students.
C．Brandn will be punished after class.D．“Me” in the text is the yuth wrker.
7．In the text，the authr wants t .
A．shw hw hard the schl life is
B．prve life skills are really necessary
C．tell what Elder’s life is like as a teacher
D．call fr the public’s attentin n educatin
C
This seasn，the bushfires in Australia have burned mre than 12.35 millin acres f land.At least 25 peple have been killed and 2,000 hmes destryed.Accrding t the BBC，this has been the mst casualties(伤亡) frm wildfires in the cuntry since 2009.The University f Sydney estimates that 480 millin animals have died in Suth Wales alne.
Zeke Hausfather，an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth，said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia mre susceptible t fires and increased the length f the fire seasn.“The drier cnditins cmbined with recrd high temperatures in 2019 created main cnditins fr the disastrus fires.Australia’s fires were wrsened by the cmbinatin f thse tw.2019 was the perfect strm fr being the warmest year n recrd fr Australia and the driest year n recrd fr Australia，” Hausfather added n Friday.
Kevin Trenberth，a senir scientist at the US Natinal Center fr Atmspheric Research，said warmer cean temperatures als cntributed t mre variable weather arund the wrld.Trenberth believes that glbal warming cntributed t energy imbalances and ht spts in the ceans，which can create a wave in the atmsphere that lcks weather patterns in places，causing lnger rain events in Indnesia，fr example，and at the same time cntributing t drught in Australia.He said that nce an area experiences drught cnditins fr tw mnths r mre，it increases the risk f fires catching and spreading.Thse changing weather patterns due t glbal warming make drught events lnger.
Climate experts stress that climate change is nt the nly factr in the severity f wildfires.Hw land is managed can als impact the amunt f fuel available fr fires.Practices like cntrlled burns and ther factrs can impact the risk t peple and prperty，such as warning systems and the type f develpment in a given area.Changing thse plicies has great ptential t limit future damage frm wildfires alng with changes t hw fire management resurces are dispatched(派遣)．
8．What are the numbers abut in Paragraph 1?
A．The causes f Australian fires.B．The cnsequences f Australian fires.
C．The damaged areas f Australian fires.D．The prperty destructin f Australian fires.
9．Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrds “mre susceptible t” in the secnd paragraph?
A．Very quickly t adapt t.B．Very seriusly t fcus n.
C．Very likely t be influenced by.D．Very easily t be prtected against.
10．What can we infer frm Trenberth’s research?
A．Glbal warming is the rt cause f the bushfires.
B．Lnger dry weather cntributes t glbal warming.
C．Warmer cean temperatures prmte fires spreading.
D．The imbalanced energy leads t the temperature rising.
11．What des the authr intend t d in the last paragraph?
A．T stress the effects f Australia fires.
B．T shw the methds fr cntrlling burns.
C．T predict the seriusness f Australia fires.
D．T prvide sme advice abut reducing damage.
重点词汇
阅读单词
1．Christianity n．
2．realism n．
3．realist n．
4．tw-dimensinal adj.
5．humanistic adj.
6．humanity n．
7．mythlgy n．
8．phtgraphy n．
9．sunrise n．
10．uter adj.
11．fine art (als fine arts)
12．sculptr n．
13．water lily n．
14．arched adj.
15．humble adj.
16．ink n．
17．animatin n．
18．frame n．
19．brnze n．
20．ceramic n．
21．vase n．
22．artistic adj.
23．Buddhist adj.
24．Buddhism n．
重点单词
1． adj.现实的；逼真的
2． adj.发展水平低的；原始的；远古的
3． n．维；规模；范围
4． n．重大进展；突破
5． n．名誉；名声
6．nble n．
7．rank n．
8．purchase vt.
9．client n．
10．emerge vi.& vt.
11． vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
12． adj.主观的
13． adj.随后的；后来的；之后的
14．fnd adj.
15．sculpture n．
16．visual adj.
17．pnd n．
18．arch vt.& vi.
19．bride n．
20． adj.永久的；永恒的；长久的
21．symphny n．
22． n．(数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落 vi.& vt.减少；下降；衰落；衰弱；谢绝
23． n．加入；进入；参与
24． adj.国民的；民用的；民事的
25． vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生 n．保证；保修单；担保物
26．cntemprary adj.
词汇拓展
1．precise adj.准确的；精确的→ adv.准确地；精确地；的确如此
2．influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→ n．& vt.影响
3．investment n．投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→ v．投资
4．memrial n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj.纪念的；悼念的→ n．记忆力；记忆→memrize vt.记住
5．criticise vi.& vt.批评；指责；评价→ n．批评；指责；评论
→ n．批评家→ adj.批判的；关键的
6．representative adj.典型的；有代表性的 n．代表→ vt.代表；象征；描绘
7．exhibitin n．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→ v．展示；陈列；展览
8．recgnitin n．承认；认出；赞誉→ vt.辨认出；承认；公认
9．expansin n．扩张；扩展；扩大→ vt.扩展；扩大；(使)膨胀
重点词组
1．in particular
2．set apart frm
3．be fnd f
4． life
5．be wrthy f
重点句型
As there have been s many different styles f Western art，
them all in a shrt text.
因为西方艺术有那么多不同的类型，所以在一篇短文中全部进行描述是不可能的。
2．During the Middle Ages， peple abut Christianity.
在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是把基督教教给人们。
3． ，they shwed real peple in a real envirnment.
虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。
4．Finally，mst clients wanted paintings .
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
5． ，ne sees the faces f the past.
看着这些雕塑中人物的脸，人们能看到过去的面孔。
influence n.& vt.影响
have an influence n/upn对……有影响
under the influence f在……的影响下
under ne’s influence在某人的影响下
•the first rank一流的
•把……评为……；把……分等级
rank high/first名列前茅/第一
•guarantee sth.t sb.保证某人某事
guarantee t d sth./that...保证做某事；确保……
•under guarantee在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee that...向某人担保/保证……
•be wrthy f值得……
be wrthy t be dne ＝be wrthy f being dne值得做某事
•be well wrth ding非常值得做
•It is wrthwhile ding/t d sth.做某事是值得的
•particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的
be particular abut/ver对……很讲究/挑剔
•particularly adv.特别；尤其
lead/live 过……的生活
all ne’s life终生；一辈子
cme t life苏醒过来；变得活跃(cme alive)
本句中的while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。
while的其他用法：
•作从属连词还可引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时”。
•作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。
•作名词，表示“一会儿，一段时间”。
注意：①while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。
②while引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句谓语又含有be动词时，则从句主语和be动词可省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。
本句中含有句型“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”。
•特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义
•使用条件：使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②常用形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，cmfrtable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
注意：在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。
知识精讲
知识点01 influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As a humble persn，my wrds are nt (influence)，s I wuld rather keep silent.
(2)T tell the truth，what the teacher said has a permanent influence me.
再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(3)在我物理老师的影响下，我对物理越来越感兴趣。换句话说，我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响极大。因此，他是我最尊敬的人。 (2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
Under my physics teacher’s influence，I have grwn increasingly interested in physics.In ther wrds，my physics teacher is my rle mdel，wh has a great influence n me.S he is the persn I respect mst.
知识点2 rank n．地位；级别；行列
vt.& vi.把……分等级；使排列成行
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)They rank him a realistic painter，wh has gained a gd reputatin.
(2)The student representative wh is delivering a speech nw (rank) high at schl.
再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(3)(普通表达)I learnt that yu ranked first in the English speech cmpetitin held last week.I am writing t ffer my sincere cngratulatins.(应用文之祝贺信)
(高级表达)Learning that yu ranked first in the English speech cmpetitin held last week，I am writing t ffer my sincere cngratulatins.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
知识点3 guarantee vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生
n．保证；保修单；担保物
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He guaranteed (cnvey) my aplgies t him，but I was still wrried.
(2)His car is less than a year ld，s it is still guarantee.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)至于准备工作，事先阅读一些中文小说会确保让你融入汉语的环境中。
As fr preparatin，reading sme Chinese nvels in advance will guarantee t make yu adapt t the Chinese language envirnment.
知识点4 wrthy adj.值得……的；有价值的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As far as I am cncerned，the exhibitin is wrthy (visit)．
＝The exhibitin is wrthy f (visit)．
＝The exhibitin is wrthy f a (visit)．
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(2)由BBC制作的精良电影《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》值得观看。
①A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Pet，prduced by BBC，is wrthy f being seen.(be wrthy f)
②A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Pet，prduced by BBC，is wrthy t be seen.(be wrthy t)
③A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Pet，prduced by BBC，is wrth seeing.(wrth)
④It is wrthwhile seeing/t see a well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Pet，prduced by BBC.(wrthwhile)
知识点5 in particular尤其；特别
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中particular的汉语意思
(1)I have nthing particular t purchase in the supermarket.
(2)The bride is particular abut what t wear at the wedding.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(3)父母和教练尤其要给孩子们树立更好的榜样。
Parents and caches particularly/in particular shuld act as better examples fr children.
(4)只有讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己生病。
①We can prevent urselves frm falling ill nly when we are particular abut/ver fd.
②Only when we are particular abut/ver fd can we prevent urselves frm falling ill.(运用倒装句)
知识点6 life赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来
根据句意用life短语的正确形式填空
(1)When the girl finally ，we sighed in relief.
(2)The match in the final minutes f the secnd half.
(3)It was that teacher’s humr that the class .
(4)Althugh he is very wealthy，he still simple .
知识点7 while引导的从句
While his paintings still had religius themes，they shwed real peple in a real envirnment.
虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中while的汉语意思
(1)My deskmate likes English while I am fnd f Chinese.
(2)Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
(3)While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin，they als give beneficial Vitamin D．
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(4)正如古老谚语所说：“趁热打铁。”
As the ld saying ges：“Strike while the irn is ht.”
(5)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。(读后续写之升华句)
While we can’t predict what will happen in the future，we can guide urselves with determinatin and lve.
(6)参观展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且会学到很多东西。
①While we are visiting this exhibitin，we will nt nly enjy the flk art wrks but als learn a lt.
②While visiting this exhibitin，we will nt nly enjy the flk art wrks but als learn a lt.(状语从句的省略)
知识点8 主语＋be＋adj.＋t d
Finally，mst clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting t lk at.
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)即使这个问题很难解决，我也没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者事竟成”。
Even thugh the prblem was difficult t slve，I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will，there is a way.”
(2)我听说这个人很小气，而且很难相处。
I hear that the man is very mean and difficult t get alng/n with.
语法精讲
不定式作表语
【观察例句】
1．Perhaps the best way t understand Western art is t lk at the develpment f Western painting ver the centuries.
2．During the Middle Ages，the purpse f Western art was t teach peple abut Christianity.
3．In this wrk，Mnet's aim was t cnvey the light and mvement in the scene.
4．What they attempted t d was n lnger shw reality，but instead t ask the questin，“What is art？”
【归纳用法】
一、不定式作表语的用法
1．表目的
The purpse f educatin is t develp a fine persnality in children.
教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。
2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或语言。
Yu must speak ut，if we are t remain friends.
如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你就必须痛痛快快地把话都说出来。
3．用于第一人称问句，表示征求意见。
What am I t say if they ask me the questin?
要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？
4．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
They are t marry next week.
他们将在下周结婚。(安排)
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①His ambitin is (becme) a famus nvelist.
②Our mst imprtant task nw is (make) a plan.
③The functin f Luis Sullivan's architecture was (prvide) large uninterrupted flr areas and t allw ample light int the interir.
二、不定式和现在分词作表语的区别
1．动词不定式作表语，通常表示具体的或将来的动作。
Our first assignment was t read tw shrt stries.
我们的首要任务是读两篇短篇故事。
2．现在分词作表语，表示抽象的一般行为。
My wrk is teaching Chinese.
我的工作是教语文。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①The mst imprtant thing is (negtiate) with them abut the future f the plant.
②What we expect frm yu is (wrk) hard rather than hardly wrking.
三、不定式作表语t的省略
1．当主语thing这个词被动词不定式修饰时，作表语的不定式符号“t”可以省略。
The thing fr us t d is accept the challenge.
我们要做的事情就是要接受挑战。
2．当主语是带有动词“d”的由“what”引导的主语从句时，其表语的动词不定式符号“t”可以省略。
What they want t d is have a gd sleep.
他们想要做的就是好好睡一觉。
3．当句子主语被动词“d”作谓语的定语从句修饰的anything，all，all that，the nly thing，the nly way，或者thing前面有序数词first，secnd，last等修饰时，其表语动词不定式的符号“t”可以省略。
The nly thing yu have t d is press the buttn.
你要做的唯一的事情就是按一下按钮。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My wrk is (clean) the rm every day.
2．T d tw things at a time is (d) neither.
3．The next step is (make) sure that yu knw exactly what is required.
4．Yu must be patient and persistent if yu are (succeed)．
5．What am I (d) if I have n mney?
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
I am a manager f a small cmpany. My jb is 1. (manage) the daily wrk f the cmpany. One day，I was 2. (leave) the cmpany when I fund a little by was 3. (slip) int the building f the cmpany. I stpped him and asked what he was 4. (d). He explained that he was 5. (see) the prcess f hw ur prduct was wrked 6. . I tld him it was t late 7. (d) that and he culd cme earlier next day and I wuld shw him 8. ur cmpany in persn. The by waved gdbye 9. me and left happily. I thught all he had t d was 10. (study) hard at schl.
写作园地
关于文学作品的介绍
文学作品介绍一般包括小说、戏剧等的故事背景、故事情节、人物角色，最后要发表一下自己的观点。对作品做出评价时，我们可以从一个情节和人物形象或一个场面等方面着手。
[基本框架]
第一段：简要介绍文学作品及作者。
第二段：详细介绍其故事背景、故事情节、人物角色等。
第三段：发表自己的观点。
[注意事项]
1．主要是一般现在时，也可根据需要灵活使用其他时态。
2．以第一和第三人称为主。
3．使用恰当的过渡词。
[常用词块]
1．fairy tales童话故事
2．my favrite nvel我最喜欢的小说
3．be written by由……创作
4．write many scientific rmances写了很多科幻小说
5．devte himself t literature致力于文学(写作)
6．a vivid descriptin f many difficulties and incidents
生动地描述了许多困难和事情
7．learn a lt frm the bk从这本书中学到很多
8．a nice and funny bk一本又好看又有趣的书
9．be abut the life f a pr child关于一个贫穷孩子的生活
10．the cntents and plts f the bk这本书的内容和情节
[常用语句]
1．I enjy reading different kinds f bks，but“Harry Prter”is my favrite ne.
我很喜欢读不同种类的书，但是，《哈利·波特》是我最喜欢的书。
2．The fairy tales are my favrites，such as Grimm's Fairy Tales，Andersn's Fairy Tales and s n.
童话故事是我最喜欢的，比如说《格林童话》，《安徒生童话》等。
3．The stry is very lng but I am interested in it.
这个故事很长，但是我很感兴趣。
4．In fact，the fictin stry is s meaningful that I can learn a lt frm it.
事实上，这个小说非常有意义，我从这本书中学到很多。
5．We are als astnished and cnvinced by his fertile imaginatin and scientific and gegraphical knwledge.
我们也对他丰富的想象力，科学、地理知识感到很吃惊和折服。
6．I think it's the best bk I've ever read.
我认为这是我读过的最好的书。
请写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍小说《百万英镑》(The Millin Pund Bank Nte)，要求包括如下内容：
1．作者：Mark Twain
2．语言风格：幽默、讽刺
3．故事梗概：伦敦的两位富翁打赌，把一张无法兑现的百万支票借给落魄的美国穷人亨利·亚当，看他在一个月内如何收场。一个月的期限到了，亨利不仅没有饿死或被捕，反倒成了富翁，并且赢得了一位漂亮小姐的芳心。
4．你印象最深的地方。
[参考词汇]讽刺的 sarcastic
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Inventing such a tl was really a great in science in the past.
2．What makes me excited is that tickets may be in advance frm the bx ffice.
3．The yung man ften helped thers and sn acquired a in this twn.
4．She was very yung，but she culd describe the accident (准确地)．
5．In spite f many invitatins，he wuld always (拒绝) t visit Oxfrd.
6．There are n (永久的) exhibitins in this museum and displays change all the time.
7．We cannt that ur flights will never be delayed.
8．As far as I’m cncerned，it is a highly (主观的) pint f view.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．His behavirs had a deep n me.That is，I was by him greatly.(influence)
10．Yung peple have a gd and they can what they are learning with ease.(memrial)
11．Nwadays these ften the present ecnmical situatins.(critical)
12．The student is mre than delighted t his class t talk abut learning methds.(representative)
13．We are rganizing an art fr ur schl students their wrks f art.(exhibitin)
14．There is general (recgnize) that the study techniques f many students are nt scientific.
15．I am reading freign nvels t (expansin) knwledge f freign cuntries.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．对于高中生来说，好好休息是有必要的。(it作形式主语)
Fr high schl students， .
17．这次活动的目的是提高我们保护中国传统文化的意识。
prtecting Chinese traditinal culture.
18．我容易相处。(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d)
.
19．尽管我发现解决这个问题很困难，但我仍将竭尽全力解决它。(it作形式宾语)
，I will try my best t wrk it ut.
20．得知下个月将举办一个中国画画展，我写信想申请成为一名志愿者。(分词短语作主语)
，I am writing t apply t be a vlunteer.
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Because there have been s many different styles f Western art，perhaps the best way
(understand) Western art is t lk at the develpment f Western painting ver the centuries.During the Middle Ages，the purpse f Western art was 2. (teach) peple abut Christianity.This began t change in the 13th century with Gitt di Bndne.His paintings are set apart frm ther paintings by their 3. (reality) human faces and deep emtinal impact.Painters cncentrated
(little) n religius themes during the Renaissance.5. imprtant breakthrugh was the use f perspective by Masacci and anther innvatin was the use f il paints.As fr subjects，the emphasis 6. (increase) shifted frm religius themes t peple and the wrld arund us.Phtgraphy was invented in the mid-19th century，after 7. paintings were n lnger needed t preserve what peple and the wrld lked like.Hence，impressinism 8. (emerge) in France.The name came frm the painting by Claude Mnet 9. (call) Impressin，Sunrise.After Impressinism，subsequent artists began t ask what they wuld d next.What they attempted t d was n lnger shw reality,
10. instead t ask the questin，“What is art？”
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：不定式作表语)
eq \x(reputatin，criticise，cnvey，visual，guarantee，recgnitin)
My grandfather was an influential painter.Frm his subjective pint f view，he was keen n painting realistic things and his wrks were primitive，which set him apart frm the ther painters.He gained
as a representative f the Realism Assciatin.S nbles，peple f high rank and wealthy clients desired t purchase his wrks，which earned him a 2. .He made a breakthrugh in his field，but he was always humble.When he was 3. by thers r disagreements emerged，he still
4. kindness and declined t place criticism n thers.Later he made friends with a sculptr wh ften created wnderful sculptures at sunrise near a pnd.Subsequently，bth f them framed a plan t visit the exhibitins and the purpse was t find thse with artistic eyes.Althugh they culdn’t 5. every child a bright future，their investment was wrthy f praise and expansin.In my grandfather’s advanced years，besides fine art，he preferred brnze bwls，ceramic vases and in particular ink wash paintings frm ancient times，which brught histry t life.All frms f art ffer us 6. beauty and have a permanent influence n hw we view the wrld.
题组C 培优拔尖练
A
Like everything else，Lndn’s wrld-class museums clsed in March，but ne by ne，mst f them have annunced their repening.Visiting will be very different t the museum experience yu’re used t，thugh：yu’ll have t pre-bk a timed entry slt(时段), yu may have t fllw a ne-way rute and face masks will be encuraged.
British Museum
What is it? Since it pened in 1759—the first ever natinal museum fr the public—the British Museum has been displaying artwrk f wrld heritage，including the Rsetta Stne and the Parthenn sculptures.
Why g? The museum has ver 8 millin bjects in its cllectin,50,000 f which are n display.That’s a lt f bang fr yur buck，cnsidering entrance t the main areas is free.
Natinal Gallery
What is it? A first-class and entirely free-t-enter artistic institutin in the heart f Trafalgar Square.Funded in 1824，the Natinal Gallery is hme t mre than 2,000 paintings frm artists such as da Vinci，Van Ggh，Turner，Picass，Matisse and Cezanne.
Why g? T learn mre abut the wrld’s highly praised artwrks and even try yur hand at drawing in the galleries.
Design Museum
What is it? A fascinating museum that explres cntemprary design and architecture.The Design Museum is bursting with free temprary exhibitins，pp-ups and bkable displays.
Why g? The museum’s new hme in Kensingtn is an abslute design feat，and when yu’ve finished yur walkabut，take a tur t the nearby Hlland Park Kyt Garden fr sme well-deserved rest.
Imperial(帝国的) War Museum
What is it? A pwerful museum shining a light n peple’s experiences f cnflict frm the First Wrld War t tday.A few minutes’ walk frm Waterl，IWM is made up f permanent galleries，such as the ace Curisities f War exhibit，and temprary displays，explring recent cnflicts and terrrist attacks.
Why g? Fr impressive and extensive cllectins，including the mving，and eye-pening permanent Hlcaust exhibitin(nt recmmended fr children under 14)．
1．What is a must fr visitrs t the museums?
A．Bking in advance.B．Preparing a face mask.
C．Bringing enugh mney.D．Arriving earlier than usual.
2．In which museum can yu mst prbably see wrld famus paintings?
A．British Museum.B．Design Museum.
C．Natinal Gallery.D．Imperial War Museum.
3．Hw is Imperial War Museum different frm the ther three?
A．It has the largest cllectin.B．Kids under 14 are nt advised t visit it.
C．Yu can have a gd rest in it.D．Yu may meet sme artists in it.
B
In this special schl，Lisa Elder desn’t have a lessn plan r an attendance bk.She des have her walkie-talkie(对讲机)．When the hallways are secure and the teachers ready，the call cmes ver the radi：Students are n their way up.
Three teens，tw bys and ne girl，entered Elder’s classrm.“Why dn’t yu guys have a seat and I’ll tell yu what we’re ding，” she tells them.
Tday，they’re ging t cut ut leaves frm cnstructin paper and write life skills n them：“Patience.” “Hygiene(卫生)．”
Then，Lisa ntices a by named Brandn.He’s hunched(躬身的) ver his desk and he’s gt his fist against his chest—it’s shaking.Lisa tries talking t him but gets n respnse.
It desn’t lk like anything t me：just a by wh’s nt participating in class.But Elder has seen this behavir in his file，and she knws it’s a warning sign.
She radis fr backup，“Culd I have a yuth wrker up in life skills？”
By the time the yuth wrker cmes in，Brandn has turned his desk t face the back wall，and he’s getting mre and mre agitated.He’s still nt respnding.
“OK，” she tells him.“Here are the chices：If yu want t stay in my classrm and participate，I wuld lve yu t.I will d anything I can t help yu.But if all yu’re ging t d is turn yur back and avid everything peple are asking f yu，then I’m ging t have yu brught dwn t the ffice.”
She pauses fr a mment.“I wuld like yu t make the better chice and stay with me.”
That’s nt the chice Brandn makes.It’s becming clear：He culd lse cntrl at any mment.
Elder leaves the rm,20 minutes befre class is ver.As we walk dwn t the residential unit，she tells me，“S when I tell yu that I dn’t knw what the day is ging t bring，that’s a perfect example.”
4．What subject des Elder teach?
A．Paper cutting.B．Life skills.
C．Building cnstructin.D．Basic science.
5．What des the underlined wrd “agitated” shw?
A．Brandn is nw getting quite upset.B．Brandn is making fun f his teacher.
C．Brandn is drawing Elder’s attentin.D．Brandn is just jking with his friends.
6．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．Elder leaves the rm fr safety.B．The three teens are nrmal students.
C．Brandn will be punished after class.D．“Me” in the text is the yuth wrker.
7．In the text，the authr wants t .
A．shw hw hard the schl life is
B．prve life skills are really necessary
C．tell what Elder’s life is like as a teacher
D．call fr the public’s attentin n educatin
C
This seasn，the bushfires in Australia have burned mre than 12.35 millin acres f land.At least 25 peple have been killed and 2,000 hmes destryed.Accrding t the BBC，this has been the mst casualties(伤亡) frm wildfires in the cuntry since 2009.The University f Sydney estimates that 480 millin animals have died in Suth Wales alne.
Zeke Hausfather，an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth，said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia mre susceptible t fires and increased the length f the fire seasn.“The drier cnditins cmbined with recrd high temperatures in 2019 created main cnditins fr the disastrus fires.Australia’s fires were wrsened by the cmbinatin f thse tw.2019 was the perfect strm fr being the warmest year n recrd fr Australia and the driest year n recrd fr Australia，” Hausfather added n Friday.
Kevin Trenberth，a senir scientist at the US Natinal Center fr Atmspheric Research，said warmer cean temperatures als cntributed t mre variable weather arund the wrld.Trenberth believes that glbal warming cntributed t energy imbalances and ht spts in the ceans，which can create a wave in the atmsphere that lcks weather patterns in places，causing lnger rain events in Indnesia，fr example，and at the same time cntributing t drught in Australia.He said that nce an area experiences drught cnditins fr tw mnths r mre，it increases the risk f fires catching and spreading.Thse changing weather patterns due t glbal warming make drught events lnger.
Climate experts stress that climate change is nt the nly factr in the severity f wildfires.Hw land is managed can als impact the amunt f fuel available fr fires.Practices like cntrlled burns and ther factrs can impact the risk t peple and prperty，such as warning systems and the type f develpment in a given area.Changing thse plicies has great ptential t limit future damage frm wildfires alng with changes t hw fire management resurces are dispatched(派遣)．
8．What are the numbers abut in Paragraph 1?
A．The causes f Australian fires.B．The cnsequences f Australian fires.
C．The damaged areas f Australian fires.D．The prperty destructin f Australian fires.
9．Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrds “mre susceptible t” in the secnd paragraph?
A．Very quickly t adapt t.B．Very seriusly t fcus n.
C．Very likely t be influenced by.D．Very easily t be prtected against.
10．What can we infer frm Trenberth’s research?
A．Glbal warming is the rt cause f the bushfires.
B．Lnger dry weather cntributes t glbal warming.
C．Warmer cean temperatures prmte fires spreading.
D．The imbalanced energy leads t the temperature rising.
11．What des the authr intend t d in the last paragraph?
A．T stress the effects f Australia fires.
B．T shw the methds fr cntrlling burns.
C．T predict the seriusness f Australia fires.
D．T prvide sme advice abut reducing damage.
重点词汇
阅读单词
1．Christianity n．
2．realism n．
3．realist n．
4．tw-dimensinal adj.
5．humanistic adj.
6．humanity n．
7．mythlgy n．
8．phtgraphy n．
9．sunrise n．
10．uter adj.
11．fine art (als fine arts)
12．sculptr n．
13．water lily n．
14．arched adj.
15．humble adj.
16．ink n．
17．animatin n．
18．frame n．
19．brnze n．
20．ceramic n．
21．vase n．
22．artistic adj.
23．Buddhist adj.
24．Buddhism n．
重点单词
1． adj.现实的；逼真的
2． adj.发展水平低的；原始的；远古的
3． n．维；规模；范围
4． n．重大进展；突破
5． n．名誉；名声
6．nble n．
7．rank n．
8．purchase vt.
9．client n．
10．emerge vi.& vt.
11． vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
12． adj.主观的
13． adj.随后的；后来的；之后的
14．fnd adj.
15．sculpture n．
16．visual adj.
17．pnd n．
18．arch vt.& vi.
19．bride n．
20． adj.永久的；永恒的；长久的
21．symphny n．
22． n．(数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落 vi.& vt.减少；下降；衰落；衰弱；谢绝
23． n．加入；进入；参与
24． adj.国民的；民用的；民事的
25． vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生 n．保证；保修单；担保物
26．cntemprary adj.
词汇拓展
1．precise adj.准确的；精确的→ adv.准确地；精确地；的确如此
2．influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→ n．& vt.影响
3．investment n．投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→ v．投资
4．memrial n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj.纪念的；悼念的→ n．记忆力；记忆→memrize vt.记住
5．criticise vi.& vt.批评；指责；评价→ n．批评；指责；评论
→ n．批评家→ adj.批判的；关键的
6．representative adj.典型的；有代表性的 n．代表→ vt.代表；象征；描绘
7．exhibitin n．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→ v．展示；陈列；展览
8．recgnitin n．承认；认出；赞誉→ vt.辨认出；承认；公认
9．expansin n．扩张；扩展；扩大→ vt.扩展；扩大；(使)膨胀
重点词组
1．in particular
2．set apart frm
3．be fnd f
4． life
5．be wrthy f
重点句型
As there have been s many different styles f Western art，
them all in a shrt text.
因为西方艺术有那么多不同的类型，所以在一篇短文中全部进行描述是不可能的。
2．During the Middle Ages， peple abut Christianity.
在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是把基督教教给人们。
3． ，they shwed real peple in a real envirnment.
虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。
4．Finally，mst clients wanted paintings .
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
5． ，ne sees the faces f the past.
看着这些雕塑中人物的脸，人们能看到过去的面孔。
influence n.& vt.影响
have an influence n/upn对……有影响
under the influence f在……的影响下
under ne’s influence在某人的影响下
•the first rank一流的
•把……评为……；把……分等级
rank high/first名列前茅/第一
•guarantee sth.t sb.保证某人某事
guarantee t d sth./that...保证做某事；确保……
•under guarantee在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee that...向某人担保/保证……
•be wrthy f值得……
be wrthy t be dne ＝be wrthy f being dne值得做某事
•be well wrth ding非常值得做
•It is wrthwhile ding/t d sth.做某事是值得的
•particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的
be particular abut/ver对……很讲究/挑剔
•particularly adv.特别；尤其
lead/live 过……的生活
all ne’s life终生；一辈子
cme t life苏醒过来；变得活跃(cme alive)
本句中的while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。
while的其他用法：
•作从属连词还可引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时”。
•作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。
•作名词，表示“一会儿，一段时间”。
注意：①while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。
②while引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句谓语又含有be动词时，则从句主语和be动词可省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。
本句中含有句型“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”。
•特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义
•使用条件：使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②常用形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，cmfrtable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
注意：在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。
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