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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life优秀同步达标检测题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life优秀同步达标检测题，文件包含专题17选择性必修第1册Unit1PeopleofAchievement教师版---2023届高三英语总复习人教版2019docx、专题17选择性必修第1册Unit1PeopleofAchievement学生版---2023届高三英语总复习人教版2019docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共58页， 欢迎下载使用。
知识精讲
知识点01 vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
Artemisinin has becme a vital part f the treatment fr malaria...
青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分……
[例1] His vital and cheerful manner filled the whle team with curage.
他那充满生机、欢快的态度使整个队伍充满了勇气。
[例2] It is vital that we shuld be kept infrmed f all develpments.
重要的是我们必须熟悉所有的发展情况。
[知识拓展]
be vital t... 对……很重要
It is vital t d sth.做某事是很重要的
It is vital that... ……是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚
拟语气，即shuld d, shuld可以省略)
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Cnsideratin fr ther peple is vital all f us.
②It's vital that we (carry)ut the peratin immediately.
③It is vital t(prtect)wild animals.
④旅游业对西班牙经济至关重要。
Turism t the Spanish ecnmy.
【答案】1.t 2.(shuld) carry vital
知识点2 cmmit vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
Tu Yuyu, a cmmitted and patient scientist, was brn in Ningb, China，n 30 December 1930, and graduated frm Peking University Medical Schl in 1955.
屠呦呦，一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。
[例1] We are cmmitted t imprving services.
我们承诺改善服务。
[例2] Nbdy was prepared t cmmit themselves.
谁都不愿作出承诺。
[知识拓展]
(1) 把……送交/托付给……；
对……作出承诺，承担义务，
担负责任；使(自己)致力于……
cmmit neself t d/t ding...
承诺；保证做……
cmmit a crime 犯罪
(2)cmmitted adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
cmmitment n. 承诺；委托；承担义务
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The by (cmmit)t the care f his aunt yesterday.
②He has cmmitted himself the cause f educatin.
③He has cmmitted himself (supprt)them.
④The President is cmmitted t (refrm)health care.
⑤不管怎样，她都不想作出承诺。
She didn't want ne way r the ther.
[小片段填空]
Als, be ttally what yu d, as excellence is nly pssible with ．
此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因为只有完全付出才可能达到卓越。
【答案】1.was cmmitted2.t 3.t cmmit herself cmmitment
知识点3 evaluate vt.评价；评估
Her team examined ver 2，000 ld medical texts, and evaluated 280，000 plants fr their medical prperties.
她的团队查看了2 000多本古老的医学文献，并对28万种植物的药用性能进行了评估。
[例1] I can't evaluate his ability withut seeing his wrk.
我没有看到他的工作情况， 无法评估他的能力。
[例2] The schl has nly been pen fr six mnths, s it's hard t evaluate its success.
该学校仅开办了六个月， 所以还很难估计它的成就。
[知识拓展]
(1)evaluate sb.n/by根据……评价某人
(2)evaluatin n. 估计；评价
make an evaluatin f 对……进行评估
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①We must evaluate her ability her wrk.
②We must (evaluate)the cnsequences caused by the fire.
＝ We must make an (evaluate)f the cnsequences caused by the fire.
③这项证据应当仔细地评定。
The evidence shuld ．
[小片段填空]
At present, there exist sme prblems in the f teachers.Schls shuld perfect the means f
and imprve level.
当前教师评价中存在着一些弊端，学校应针对存在的问题，完善评价方法，提高评价水平。
【答案】1.n/by2.evaluate，evaluatin3.be carefully evaluated evaluatin ，evaluating
知识点4 btain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行
They then tried biling fresh wrmwd, and using the liquid btained frm this t treat malaria, but this did nt wrk either.
然后他们试着把新鲜的苦艾煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。
[例1] Different laws btain in different places.
不同的法律存在于不同的地方。
[例2] As far as I'm cncerned, what he had dne btained him respect.
在我看来，他的所作所为为他赢得了荣誉。
[知识拓展]
btain knwledge/ne's degree获得知识/学位
btain sb.sth.＝btain sth.fr sb.给某人带来某物
btain sth.by ding sth. 通过做某事获得
某物
btain sth.frm sb./sth. 从某人/物获得某物
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The value f a persn can (btain)by relative evaluatin.
②Her successful perfrmance btained great hnur her.
③Details can be btained the Department f Educatin.
④这种信息从互联网上很容易获得。
Such infrmatin the Internet.
【答案】1.be btained2.fr 3.frm 4.is easily btained frm
知识点5 acknwledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
(教材P2)Hwever, Tu Yuyu wuld nt acknwledge defeat.
然而，屠呦呦并不接受失败。
[例1] He acknwledged having made a mistake.
他承认做错了。
[例2] I acknwledged him as an expert.
我视他为专家。
[知识拓展]
(1)acknwledge (ding/having dne)sth.
承认(做了)某事
acknwledge sb./sth.t be/as
承认某人/某物是……
acknwledge that... 承认……
It's generally/universally/widely acknwledged that...
大家公认……
(2)acknwledgement n.承认；感谢；谢礼
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
①She is acknwledged (be)ne f the best singers in the wrld.
②With n slid evidence, he refused t acknwledge (steal)the lady's purse.
③I was sent a free cpy in (acknwledge)f my cntributin.
④Peple widely acknwledge that students shuld be evaluated in terms f verall qualities.
→ students shuld be evaluated in terms f verall qualities.
【答案】1.t be2.stealing/having stlen 3.acknwledgement 4.It is widely acknwledged that
知识点6 She cncluded that biling the sweet wrmwd apparently destryed its medical prperties.
她的结论是，煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的医疗特性。
(1)cnclude vt. 推断出；得出结论；使结束 vi.结束；终止
[例1] We cncluded nt t wait any mre.
我们决定不再等了。
[例2] The dctrs cncluded that he had suffered a strke.
医生诊断他中风了。
[知识拓展]
(1)从……中推断出……
cnclude (frm sth.)that...
(从某事中)推断出……；
(从某事中)断定……
cnclude ding...
以……结束……
(2)cnclusin n. 结论；推论；结束
draw/reach/cme t/arrive at a/the cnclusin
得出结论
in cnclusin 最后；总之；总而言之
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①We will have a further discussin befre we draw a final (cnclude).
② cnclusin, I wuld like t say the film Brn in China is wrth seeing.
③She cncluded her perfrmance a pem.
④What can we cnclude the cnversatin?
⑤你从所有这一切当中得出了什么结论？
What frm all this?
[联想助记]
完成下列表示“最后；总而言之”的其他表达：
①in a wrd ②in brief ③all in all ④in shrt ⑤n the whle
[小片段填空]
The seventh chapter is a ．The authr stated the full text's key pints and this article's study ．
第七章是结论，作者综述了全文要点，并得出了本文的研究结论。
【答案】 3.with 4.frm 5.d yu cnclude cnclusin，cnclusin
(2)apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
[例1] He was apparently much surprised at the news.
他对这个消息显然感到十分惊讶。
[例2] The child ndded, apparently cntent with the prmise.
孩子点了点头，看来他对这个许诺还满意。
[知识拓展]
(1)As is apparently shwn/stated in the picture/chart/passage abve...
正如上面图画/图表/文中明显展示/陈述的那样……
(2)apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的
It is apparent that... 显然……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
① is apparently shwn in the chart abve, there are abut 10% students supprting the idea.
②He paused, (apparent)lst in thught.
③Sn, it was apparent t everyne he culdn't sing.
④显然他从那里什么也看不见。
frm there.
【答案】1.As 4.Apparently he culd see nthing
知识点7 insist n坚决要求
(教材P3)Tu Yuyu and her team members even insisted n testing the medicine n themselves t make sure that it was safe.
屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在他们自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。
[例1] He insisted n his demand.
他坚持他的要求。
[例2] She insisted n her mther's living with her.
她坚持要她母亲和她住在一起。
[知识拓展]
(1)insist n/upn (ding)sth.坚决要求(做)某事
(2)在“insist＋that...”结构中，当insist作“坚持主张，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可以省略。当insist作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The manager insisted n the wrk (d)in tw hurs.
②He insisted walking me t the statin t see me ff.
③He insisted that the prblem (discuss)at the meeting.
④她坚持立刻就走。
She at nce.
【答案】1.being dne2.n/upn 3. (shuld)be discussed 4.insisted n leaving
知识点8过去分词作定语
In 1967, the Chinese gvernment frmed a team f scientists with the bjective f discvering a new treatment fr malaria, and Tu Yuyu was amng the first researchers chsen.
1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。
句式分析：过去分词chsen作名词researchers的后置定语，相当于定语从句that were chsen的省略。
[例1] The experience gained will give yu mre cnfidence t help yur custmers.
获得的经验会给你更多的信心去帮助你的客户。
[例2] There are many beautifully decrated huses in this rich area.
这个富人区有许多装饰精美的房子。
[知识拓展]
(1)过去分词作定语时通常与所修饰的名词构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。
(2)过去分词还可以在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。此时过去分词通常与句子的主语构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
① (give)a lt f mney, he lived a better life.
② (use)with care, ne tin will last fr six weeks.
③The teacher came in, (fllw)by a grup f students.
④The meeting which was held yesterday is f great imprtance.
→The meeting is f great imprtance.
【答案】 yesterday
知识点9 upn/n ding...当……时；一……就……
Upn hearing that she had been awarded the Nbel Prize...
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时……
句式分析：upn/n ding...当……时；一……就……，相当于as sn as引导的时间状语从句。
[例1] Upn seeing her, I smiled and ran tward her.
一看到她，我就笑着向她跑去了。
[例2] On his return frm Japan, Prf.Li went directly t his labratry and started wrking with his clleagues.
李教授刚一从日本回来就到他的实验室，开始和他的同事们一道工作起来。
[知识拓展]
(1)一些表示短暂性动作的动词，如：arrive, return, reach, hear, see, receive, enter, step, get, recgnize, leave等，它们相应的名词形式或动名词形式用在upn或n之后可表达“一……就……”。
(2)某些at引导的介词短语可用来表达“一……就……”，如：at the sight f(一看到)；at the thught f(一想到)；at the sund f(一听到)；at the first pprtunity/chance(一有机会)等。
(3)在名词minute, mment和instant前加上定冠词the也可以引导时间状语从句来表达“一……就……”。它们后面可以加that，含义不变。
(4)可用副词immediately和 directly来表达“一……就……”。这时，它们所起的作用相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。这种用法主要用在英式英语及口语中。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
① (immediate)he arrived, he started telling us what t d.
② the sight f the plice fficer the thief ran ff.
③I'll tell him minute (that)he gets here.
④As sn as he went ut f the rm, Jack heard his cellphne ringing.
→ , Jack heard his cellphne ringing.
【答案】 3.the 4.On/Upn ging ut f the rm,
语法精讲
定语从句
一、定语从句的种类
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
[观察例句]
This is the cmputer (that/which)he bught fr his sn yesterday.
这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。
I will shw yu t the supermarket where yu can find everything yu want.
我会带你去一家超市，在那里你能找到你想要的一切东西。
He is English, which I knw frm his accent.
他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。
This is ur headmaster, wh I think has smething imprtant t tell yu.
这是我们的校长，我认为他有一些重要的事情要告诉你。
[归纳用法]
①限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有wh, whm, whse, that, which, as；关系副词有where, when, why。
②非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。
[即学即练1]——用适当的关系词填空
①Hlly， is frm Australia, has a gd cmmand f Chinese.
②The dictinary， ur teacher bught yesterday, is helpful t us.
③I am lking frward t the day my daughter can read this bk and knw my feelings fr her.
④Tu Yuyu was awarded the Nbel Prize, is cnsidered ne f the highest internatinal hnurs a persn can receive.
⑤Davis wanted t visit the farm the seawater rice was grwn.
【答案】1.wh 2.which 3.when 4.which 5.where
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1．形式不同
[观察例句]
Here is the man wh has been punished by the bss.
这就是那个被老板惩罚的人。(限制性定语从句)
The prject, which lasted three years, cst n less than $1 billin.
这个工程历时三年，耗资多达十亿美元。(非限制性定语从句)
[归纳用法]
限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。
2．先行词不同
[观察例句]
This is the best nvel that I have ever read.
这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(限制性定语从句，先行词是nvel)
The nvel, which I read last night, is very interesting.
我昨天晚上看过那部小说了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定语从句，先行词为nvel)
The nvel is very interesting, which makes me very excited.
那部小说很有意思，这让我很兴奋。(非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句的内容)
[归纳用法]
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句。
3．关系词的使用情况不同
(1)that, why不可用于引导非限制性定语从句
[观察例句]
Mst peple didn't vte fr him, which disappinted him.
大多数人没有投票支持他，这使他失望。
I have tld them the reasn, fr which I changed my mind.
我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。
[归纳用法]
指物时要用which代替that, fr which代替why。
(2)关系代词替代情况不同
[观察例句]
This is the man (whm/wh/that)we are talking abut.
这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。(限制性定语从句)
The yung man had a new girlfriend, whm he wanted t impress.
这个年轻人新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下印象。(非限制性定语从句)
She has a yunger brther, wh is an English teacher.
她有一个弟弟，他是一名英语老师。
[归纳用法]
①关系代词whm在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用wh代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用wh代替。
②在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可以用that引导，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用wh或whm。
(3)关系代词省略情况不同
[观察例句]
This is a gd film (which/that)I saw a few days ag.
这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。(限制性定语从句)
The summer hliday, which we're lking frward t, is drawing near.
我们盼望的暑假就要来了。(非限制性定语从句)
[归纳用法]
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。
[即学即练2]——用适当的关系词填空
①Until nw, we have raised 50，000 punds fr the pr children, is quite unexpected.
②The exact year Angela and her family spent tgether in China was 2018.
③Can yu tell me the reasn he was absent yesterday?
④We have a buyer wuld like t view the huse.
⑤He was a persnal friend I've knwn fr many years.
【答案】1.which 2.which/that3.why 4.wh 5.whm
三、as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
[观察例句]
As we all knw, Lu Xun is a great writer.
众所周知，鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。
He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.
他实验失败了，这是没有预料到的。
He is a cheat, as everyne can see.
每个人都看得出来，他是个骗子。
He did the experiment successfully, as had been expected.
正如期望的那样，他实验做成功了。
As we all knw, paper was invented in China.
正如大家所知，纸是中国发明的。
[归纳用法]
①as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句，又可以是主句的一部分。
②as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位于先行词之前、之中和之后，而which引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。
③as引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which常译为“这；那”。常用句型有：as we all knw，as is knwn t all, as everybdy can see, as is expected等。
[即学即练3]——用适当的关系词填空
①The weather turned ut t be very fine， was mre than we culd expect.
② has been annunced, we shall have ur final exam next mnth.
③He failed in the driving test, we had expected.
【答案】1.which 2.As 3.as
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears, nne f has been prved.
2．She was taking the fd t the refugee camp, in she distributed it t the children.
3．I live next dr t a cuple children ften make a lt f nise.
4．We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
5．Sharing bread r ther fds is a cmmn human traditin can prmte unity and trust.
6．Sme peple are successful language learners ften fail in ther fields.
7．The sun heats the earth, makes it pssible fr plants t grw.
8．Then he met Mary, invited him t a party.
9．There was a net bar arund here, I remember.
10．He changed his mind again, made us all angry.
【答案】1.which 2.which 3.whse 4.when 5.that 6.wh 7.which 8.wh 9.as 10.which
Ⅱ.短文语法填空 (用适当的关系词填空)
The very film 1. is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad lve stry 2. is ppular with the public, 3. her and herine are Jack and Rse.Rse is a yung beautiful wman with 4. her mther went t America.Jack, 5. wn a ship ticket by playing cards, is a pr painter.They met and fell in lve with each ther n Titanic 6. they had a happy time.Sadly, the nice jurney was destryed by a huge iceberg, 7. Jack lst his life fr saving Rse (everyne will be mved by the selfless way in 8. mst peple can't behave in real life).Befre Jack left Rse frever, he encuraged Rse t live well fr him.9. is knwn t all, lve is the strngest strength.And that's the reasn 10. Rse culd live alne and tell us the mving stry.
【答案】1.that 2.as 3.whse 4.whm 5.wh 6.where 7.when 8.which 9.As 10.why
写作园地
人物描写属于记叙文的范畴，它以写人和记事为主，以叙述和描写为主要表达方式。
一篇好的人物描写一般分为三大部分，即生平介绍、事迹叙述和简短的评论。时态的选择要视情况而定，若写人物的过去就用过去时态，若写人物的现在就用现在时态。
[基本框架]
1．首段：生平介绍
人物的出生时间和地点是必不可少的信息；介绍生平时要尊重客观事实，材料要真实。
2．中段：事迹叙述
选材要着眼于人物的生活背景及其成就和事迹，以形成对比，起到突出人物的特点和树立榜样的作用。选材要有重点，不必面面俱到。
3．尾段：简短的评论
对所描述的人物的评论要客观公正。
[常用词块]
1．at the age f fur 4岁时
2．a by f sixteen一个16岁的男孩
3．make friends with her和她交朋友
4．set up a band f his wn成立他自己的乐队
5．a lively and smart girl一个聪明活泼的女孩
6．be warmhearted and gdlking热心肠而且漂亮
7．becme a famus actr 成为一名著名的演员
8．shw great talent in music显示出音乐上的非凡天赋
9．be ready t help thers乐于助人
10．encurage us t speak and read mre English
鼓励我们多说多读英语
11．learn frm each ther and help each ther
相互学习相互帮助
12．be highly praised by the teachers and students
得到老师们和同学们的高度称赞
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．He has fair hair and blue eyes.
他有金色的头发和蓝色的眼睛。
2．Abraham Lincln, the sn f a pr family, was brn in Kentucky n February 12, 1809.
亚伯拉罕·林肯，一个贫苦家庭的儿子，于1809年2月12日生于肯塔基州。
3．She is an rdinarylking girl, but her kindness and cnsideratin impress me mst.
她是一个相貌平平的女孩，但她的善良和体贴打动了我。
4．He is a gdlking, kindhearted man.
他是一个好看且好心肠的人。
★正文佳句
1．During her career life, she btained 132 champinships, including 4 Olympic champinships.
在她的职业生涯中，她获得了132个冠军，包括4个奥运冠军。
2．When he was still a by, he shwed great interest in literature.
当他还是个孩子的时候，他就对文学表现出极大的兴趣。
3．He/She is gd at spken English and even better at using cmputers.
他/她擅长英语口语，更擅长使用电脑。
4．He went t cllege, during which he shwed great interest in flk music.他上了大学，在大学期间他对民间音乐表现出极大的兴趣。
★余味结尾
1．He became famus fr his new thery.他以他的新理论而闻名。
2．The peple had cme t lve him as an inspiring leader.人们把他作为一个鼓舞人心的领袖而开始热爱他。
3．We regard him as ur mdel.我们把他作为我们的榜样。
4．Lei Feng has been praised fr his cmmunist spirit.雷锋因他的共产主义精神而受到称赞。
[升格示例]
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因。
The persn I respect
We have a lt f respectable peple arund us.___________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[学生习作]
[升格作文]
The persn I respect
We have a lt f respectable peple arund us.They may be ur teachers，parents r ne f ur elders.As fr me，my father is the persn I respect mst.
My father is a teacher wh lves his wrk and his students very much.He wrks very hard every day but he will als spare sme time t accmpany me and share many funny things with me abut his wrk.When I cme acrss sme prblems in my study，my father will listen t me patiently and encurage me t vercme the
difficulties bravely.He achieved a lt in his wrk and was respected by his students.
In a wrd，in my mind my father is the persn I respect mst and I lve him deeply.
在抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间，有太多让我们感动的人和事。请按下面的要求，用英语写一个人物故事。人物可以是医务工作者、社区工作者、志愿者等。
要求：
1．简要介绍该人物；
2．他/她的感人事迹；
3．你的感想。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
提示词：COVID19新型冠状病毒
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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[参考范文]
There are s many peple and things that have mved us in the fight against COVID19.The mst impressive ne is Academician Zhng Nanshan, wh was brn in 1936.
At the beginning f the epidemic in Wuhan, Academician Zhng Nanshan immediately went t the frnt line t save thse patients suffering frm the virus.He was s lved by the whle natin that sme peple said，“When will we g ut? Zhng Nanshan asks us t g ut, and we will g ut！”
Such a brave and nble man fr the cuntry, we can't help deeply respecting him, we shuld learn frm him.
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共20分)
1．My favrite hbby is reading bks and newspapers，which has becme a part f my daily rutine.
2．Thugh all his friends blamed him，he that he had dne nthing wrng.
3．I wndered wh made this decisin and hw they drew their (结论)．
4．While bth men and wmen tend t fcus n rewards and less n (后果) under stress，their respnses t risk turn ut t be different.
5．I have t yur generus assistance whenever I am in truble.
6．If yu dn’t insist n what yu are ding，under n circumstances will yu what yu desire.
7．We shuld develp students’ ability t (分析) and slve prblems.
8．I hld the strng belief that I wn’t be (打败) in the cntest.
9． (创建) in 1898，Peking University enjys a gd reputatin wrldwide.
10．It was by chance that I (遇到) my frmer classmate n the street the ther day.
【答案】1.vital 2.insisted 6.btain 7.analyz(s)
10.encuntered
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共10分)
t educatin，he every minute t studying and teaching，
s his finally paid ff.(cmmit)
12．I that he didn’t tell us the truth，that is t say，I came t the that he lied.(cnclude)
13．The has made achievements in .(scientific)
14．Thrugh my great effrts，I btained an qualificatin at the Chinese f Science.(academy)
15．As yu knw， is my main majr at university，and as a cnsequence，I memrize
many parties and .(plitician)
【答案】11.Cmmitted ，cmmitted ，cmmitment 12.cncluded ，cnclusin 13.scientist ，scientific ，science
14.academic ，Academy 15.plitics ，plitical ，pliticians
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共12分)
16．我要推荐你去西安旅行，那里有很多名胜古迹。(定语从句)(应用文之推荐信)
I will recmmend yu t visit Xi’an， .
17．你会交到一些好朋友，他们大多数也喜欢打乒乓球。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
Yu will make sme gd friends， .
18．一听到这个消息，他难以抑制心中的兴奋，高兴地跳了起来。(upn ding...)(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)
，he was unable t cntrl his excitement and jumped with jy.
19．对于约翰来说，通过制作和卖爆米花来帮助伯纳德过更好的生活是一种莫大的荣幸。(hnur，it作形式主语)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
Jhn t help Bernard t live a better life by making and selling ppcrn.
【答案】16.where there are a great number f places f interest17.mst f whm are als interested in playing table tennis18.Upn hearing the news19.It is a great hnur fr
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Tu Yuyu is awarded the Nbel Prize fr Medicine because f her discvery f artemisinin,1. is a crucial new treatment fr malaria.After 2 (graduate) frm university，Tu Yuyu wrked at the China Academy f Traditinal Chinese Medicine,3. she was cmmitted t the bjective f discvering hw t treat malaria.Her team 4. (evaluate) 280,000 plants and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments,5. shwed prmise in the fight against malaria.In the beginning，nt nly did her team test dried wrmwd leaves but they als tried 6. (bil) fresh wrmwd.But neither wrked.Nt 7. (acknwledge) defeat，she and her team insisted n analyzing medical texts again and finally drew a 8. (cnclude) that 9. (use) a lwer temperature culd make artemisinin extracted.As far as she is cncerned，it is a great hnur fr Chinese medicine t 10. (spread) arund the wrld.
【答案】1.which 2.graduating/graduatin3.where spread
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后翻译短文并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)
eq \x(cnclusin，bjective，cmmit，vital，academic)
Madam Curie
Being an extrardinary wman genius，Madam Curie managed t btain tw kinds f radiactive elements，which were 1. t physics.It was widely acknwledged that she was brn in Pland in 1967.Distinct frm ther girls，she had a strng passin fr science and 2. her whle life t scientific research.After graduating frm high schl，she tk up a psitin as a tutr.In 1891，she was admitted t Paris University，where she achieved great 3. perfrmances and became the first wman prfessr.Under unbearable circumstances，she and her husband spared n effrt t analyze and evaluate pitchblende(沥青铀矿) with the 4. f extracting radiactive elements.Despite numerus failures，under n circumstances did the cuple acknwledge defeat.Using flw charts and summing up what they had studied，the cuple finally drew a 5. that P and Ra did exist，which was sn spread thrughut the wrld.Their thery，as ther prducts and devices，can stand wear and tear.
In 1934，Madam Curie passed away and the whle wrld murned the great lss f a remarkable scientist.
【答案】1.vital 2.cmmitted 3.academic 4.bjective 5.cnclusin
题组C 培优拔尖练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Independence is smething that can be difficult t achieve.But dn’t wrry because here we have fur bks that can help yu.If yu dn’t buy less than three f them，yu’ll be given a 20% discunt!
The Ttal Mney Makever by Dave Ramsey
Taking care f yur finance is hard.Dave Ramsey，a famus businessman，is here t take yu n the whle prcess f planning yur finance，and shw the myths f cash advances and debt cnslidatin(债务重整)，t make sure yur finance is healthy.
Price：$14.49
Grace’s Guide by Grace Helbig
Grace Helbig shared her tips t becming a grwn-up.The bk is full f persnal stries f Helbig，her struggles and the lessns she learnt frm failing many times.This bk is yur n-the-g fun read with pictures and drawings f Helbig，and wrksheets(工作表) t practice.
Price：$7.95
The Oh She Glws Ckbk by Angela Liddn
Having suffered frm eating disrder and living n diet，Angela Liddn prmised t eat healthily frever.She threw ut her fat-free butter spray(黄油喷雾) and lw-calrie frzen dinners after learning hw t prperly ck.This bk cntains mre than 100 recipes(食谱) cvering breakfast，salads，sups，pwer snacks and the main dishes fr a healthy meal at any time f the day.We all knw that healthy eating is all part f being independent.
Price：$22.22
Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl Strayed
Life can be hard，especially when it cmes t relatinships with thers.In the bk，Strayed gives advice n lve and life.She writes abut different subjects：a sn rejected by his parents，a mther wh has lst her child.And the message hidden thrughut all her advice is always that，if yu want a gd life，yu have t create it.
Price：$8.76
1．Hw much will yu save at least if yu buy three f the listed bks?
A．$5.68. B．$6.24.
C．$8.95. D．$9.10.
B【解析】数字计算题。根据第一段最后一句可知，如果你买至少3本书以上，就会得到20%的折扣，如果你买了三本书，至少能省(14.49＋7.95＋8.76)×0.2＝6.24，即能省 $6.24。故选B。
2．What is special fr the bk Grace’s Guide?
A．It is abut hw t grw up healthily.
B．It is mainly abut hw t wrk better.
C．It is based n its authr’s life experience.
D．It teaches readers t learn frm thers’ life stries.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据Grace’s Guide by Grace Helbig部分中的“The bk is full f persnal stries f Helbig...”可知，这本书充满了Helbig的个人故事。由此可知，《格蕾丝指南》这本书的特别之处是基于作者的生活经历。故选C。
3．Which bk shuld yu chse fr smene wh is bad at getting alng with thers?
A．Grace’s Guide.
B．Tiny Beautiful Things.
C．The Ttal Mney Makever.
D．The Oh She Glws Ckbk.
B【解析】推理判断题。根据Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl Strayed部分中的“Life can be hard，especially when it cmes t relatinships with thers.”可知，生活可能会很艰难，尤其是当涉及与他人的关系时。由此可知，对于不善于与人相处的人，你应该选择Tiny Beautiful Things这本书。故选B。
B
One afternn，after finishing shpping in a supermarket，my family and I went t the check-ut.I suddenly thught we didn’t need any f the junk，and we abandned all f thse，saving $300.
That gt me thinking abut all ur pintless expenses in life.With a prmise that we’d stp if it was killing us，I cnvinced the family t take the leap int frugality.The rules were that we wuld buy nthing fr 30 days except abslutely essentials.
Our adventure began with a great start.By 9 a．m.，my wife，Ruth，had already made cakes frm ld strawberries and picked flwers I didn’t even knw we had in the garden.I cleared the car by hand fr the first time fr years.I read and returned the neighbr’s newspaper befre he wke up.Ttal spending n the first day：$0.
As days turned int weeks，we became s prficient(熟练的) at living frugally.We started riding ur bikes t save gas.My child’s finger painting was recycled as gift wrap fr the hme-made presents.We started t use an Internet applicatin like Skype fr free phne calls and ask neighbrs with gardens fr extra vegetables and herbs.
In the end，we saved mre than $2,000 by nt spending fr a mnth.When we began，I imagined we wuld rush ut the mment we were dne and buy a lt f things in the supermarket.Then maybe hit the mall r g t the mvies.
4．What can we infer frm the passage befre that very afternn?
A．The family had ften spent mney randmly.
B．The family had had higher incme and living standard.
C．The family had adpted an advisable habit f saving mney.
D．The family hadn’t expected they wuld have financial prblems.
A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可推知，在那天下午之前，这个家庭经常乱花钱。故选A。
5．Hw many things were mentined abut what the family did t save n the first day f the “30 days”？
A．Tw. B．Three.
C．Fur. D．Five.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三、四句可知，早上9点，作者的妻子露丝已经用草莓做了蛋糕，还摘了一些花，作者甚至都不知道花园里有。多年来作者第一次手动清理汽车。在邻居醒来之前，作者看完并把报纸还给了他。由此可知，第一天提到了家庭为节省开支所做的三件事情。故选B。
6．The end f the stry suggests that the family .
A．stpped halfway because f unexpected things
B．culd barely put up with the life f frugality
C．wuld return t nrmal after the “30 days”
D．succeeded in saving and changed their spending habit
D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者他们节省了不少钱，根据最后一段最后两句“当我们开始的时候，我想象着当我们完成任务的时候，我们会冲出去，在超市里买很多东西，然后可能去购物中心或者去看电影”可知，作者只是一开始的时候这样想象的，由此可推知，故事的结尾表明，这个家庭成功地节省了开支并改变了他们的消费习惯。故选D。
7．What is this passage mainly abut?
A．A new idea cming up t save gas.
B．A family’s managing their daily life.
C．A family’s attempt nt t buy anything.
D．A family’s way f slving life prblems.
C【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段第二、三句可知，文章主要讲述了作者一家发现一些无意义的花销后，尝试一个月除了绝对的必需品外不买东西，然后省下两千多美元的故事。故选C。
C
Classifying things is critical fr ur daily lives.Fr example，we have t detect spam mails(垃圾邮件)，false plitical news.When we use AI，such tasks are based n “classificatin technlgy” in machine learning—having the cmputer learn，using the bundary separating psitive and negative data.Fr example，“psitive” data wuld be phts including a happy face，and “negative” data phts that include a sad face.Once a classificatin bundary is learned，the cmputer can determine whether a certain data is psitive r negative.
Hwever，the difficulty with this technlgy is that it requires bth psitive and negative data fr the learning prcess，and negative data are nt available in many cases.Fr instance，when a retailer(零售商) is trying t predict wh will make a purchase，they can easily find data n custmers wh have purchased frm them (psitive data)，but it is basically impssible t btain data n custmers wh have never purchased frm them (negative data)，since they d nt have access t their cmpetitrs’ data.
Accrding t lead authr Takashi Ishida frm RIKEN AIP，“Previus classificatin methds culd nt cpe with the situatin where negative data were nt available，but we have made it pssible fr cmputers t learn with nly psitive data，as lng as we have a cnfidence scre fr ur psitive data，cnstructed frm infrmatin such as buying intentin r the active rate f app users.Using ur new methd，we can let cmputers learn a classifier nly frm psitive data equipped with cnfidence.”
Accrding t Ishida，“This discvery culd expand the range f applicatins where classificatin technlgy can be used.Even in fields where machine learning has been actively used，ur classificatin technlgy culd be used in new situatins where nly psitive data can be gathered due t data regulatin r business cnstraints (限制)．In the near future，we hpe t put ur technlgy t use in varius research fields，such as natural language prcessing，cmputer visin，rbtics，and biinfrmatics.”
8．Hw can the cmputer distinguish the psitive data frm the negative data?
A．By learning the classificatin bundary.
B．By updating the data cllected regularly.
C．By separating happy faces and sad nes.
D．By intrducing classificatin technlgy.
A【解析】细节理解题。由第一段倒数第一句可知，classificatin bundary是区分正面信息和负面信息的关键。故A选项正确。
9．Why is the example mentined in Paragraph 2?
A．T prve hw imprtant the psitive data are.
B．T cnfirm that data n custmers are cmplete.
C．T argue that retailers get their cmpetitrs’ data.
D．T explain why negative data are hard t acquire.
D【解析】推理判断题。由第二段的第一句可知，这种技术的困难在于它需要正负两方面数据，而在许多情况下我们很难获得负面数据。例如，零售商很难获得从来不在他这儿买东西的顾客的信息。文章举出这个例子是为了解释负面信息很难获得的原因。故D选项正确。
10．What d the underlined wrds “new methd” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Analyzing buying intentin.
B．Building a cnfidence scre.
C．Assessing the active rate f app users.
D．Equipping the cmputer with cnfidence.
B【解析】词义猜测题。由第三段的“ we have made it pssible fr cmputers t learn with nly psitive data，as lng as we have a cnfidence scre fr ur psitive data，cnstructed frm infrmatin such as buying intentin r the active rate f app users.”可知，下文中的new methd指的是“创建一个信心指数”。故B选项正确。
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．The Histry f Classificatin Technlgy
B．Smarter AI：Machine Learning Withut Negative Data
C．Bigger Data：Cmputers Assisting Language Prcessing
D．The Cmparisn Between Psitive Data and Negative Data
B【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲的是计算机通过学习分类技术可以区分出正面信息和负面信息。并结合第三段末句和第四段的第二句的内容可知，B选项适合作文章标题。
重点词汇
阅读单词
1．extract n．提取物；摘录vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出
2．flee vi.& vt.(fled，fled)迅速离开；逃跑
3．numerus adj.众多的；许多的
4．thery n．理论；学说
5．relativity n．相对论；相对性
6．dctrate n．博士学位
7．institutin n．社会公共机构；制度；习俗
8．mustache n．上唇的胡子；髭
9．btanical adj.植物学的
10．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的
11．substance n．物质；物品；事实根据
12．chart n．图表 vt.记录；制订计划
13．patent n．专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的
14．device n．方法；技巧；装置；仪器
15．murn vt.& vi.哀悼；忧伤
重点单词
1．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的
2．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
3．bjective n．目标；目的 adj.客观的
4．prperty n．性质；特征；财产
5．bil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点
6．liquid n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的
7．btain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行
8．acknwledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
9．defeat n．失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜
10．apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
11．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
12．mstly adv.主要地；一般地
13．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况
14．flw n．流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动
15．fund vt.创建；建立；把……建立在
16．infer vt.推断；推定
17．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的
18．genius n．(pl. geniuses)天才；天资；天赋
19．passin n．酷爱；激情
20．extrardinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
21．gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
22．institute n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑
23．cnsequence n．结果；后果
24．encunter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇
25．prfessr n．教授
26．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的
27．sum vi.总结；概括 n．金额；款项；总数；总和
28．draft n．草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟
词汇拓展
1．cmmit vt.做出(错事或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→cmmitted adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→cmmitment n．投入；奉献；承诺
2．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；学术的
3．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluatin n．评价；评估
4．analyse(NAmE -ze) vt.分析→analysis (pl. analyses) n．分析
5．scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
6．cnclusin n．结论；推论→cnclude vt.断定；推断出
7．nvelist n．小说家→nvel n．(长篇)小说adj.新颖的；新奇的
8．plitician n．政治家；从政者；政客→plitics n．政治→plitical adj.政治的
重点词组
1．cmmit neself t d承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
2．insist n坚决要求
3．cme t pwer (开始)掌权；上台
4．take up a psitin担任；任职
5．sum up总结；概括
重点句型
1．In the beginning，Tu Yuyu went t Hainan，where malaria was mre cmmn，t study malaria patients.
在开始的时候，屠呦呦去了海南研究疟疾患者，在那里疟疾较为普遍。
2．Later，the medicine was tested n malaria patients，mst f whm recvered.
后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大多数患者都康复了。
3．Upn hearing that she had been awarded the Nbel Prize，she said，“The hnur is nt just mine.”
听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。”
4．It is indeed an hnur fr China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine t be spread arund the wrld.
中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。
5．He had a thick mustache and lng white hair，which smetimes std n end as thugh he had just received an electric shck.
他留着浓密的胡须和长长的白发，有时白发挺立，就好像刚遭了电击。
The persn I respect
We have a lt f respectable peple arund us.They may be ur teachers, parents r ne f ur elders.As fr me，my father is I mst respect persn.My father is a teacher.He lves his wrk and his students very much.He wrks very hard every day.He will als spare sme time t accmpany me and share many funny things with me abut his wrk.When I cme acrss sme prblems in my study，my father will listen t me patiently and encurage me t vercme the difficulties bravely.He achieved a lt in his wrk.My father is the persn I respect mst.I lve him deeply.
点评：
1.文章没有分段，缺少框架意识，把所有内容混搭在一起，给阅卷老师评卷造成了困难，从而影响了得分。
2.文中出现了汉语式英语。如my father is I mst respect persn。
3.句式不够丰富多变，只用了一些简单句和简单的复合句，缺少高级句式。
4.衔接不够顺畅，意义不连贯，未达到预期目的。
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本书，它们可以在如何独立方面帮助你。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家发现一些无意义的花销后，尝试一个月除了绝对的必需品外不买东西，然后省下了两千多美元的故事。
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章向我们说明了计算机分类技术在我们的生活中扮演了至关重要的角色。计算机分类技术可以区分出正面信息和负面信息，从而为我们过滤掉负面信息。
知识精讲
知识点01 vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
Artemisinin has becme a vital part f the treatment fr malaria...
青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分……
[例1] His vital and cheerful manner filled the whle team with curage.
他那充满生机、欢快的态度使整个队伍充满了勇气。
[例2] It is vital that we shuld be kept infrmed f all develpments.
重要的是我们必须熟悉所有的发展情况。
[知识拓展]
be vital t... 对……很重要
It is vital t d sth.做某事是很重要的
It is vital that... ……是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚
拟语气，即shuld d, shuld可以省略)
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Cnsideratin fr ther peple is vital all f us.
②It's vital that we (carry)ut the peratin immediately.
③It is vital t(prtect)wild animals.
④旅游业对西班牙经济至关重要。
Turism t the Spanish ecnmy.
【答案】1.t 2.(shuld) carry vital
知识点2 cmmit vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
Tu Yuyu, a cmmitted and patient scientist, was brn in Ningb, China，n 30 December 1930, and graduated frm Peking University Medical Schl in 1955.
屠呦呦，一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。
[例1] We are cmmitted t imprving services.
我们承诺改善服务。
[例2] Nbdy was prepared t cmmit themselves.
谁都不愿作出承诺。
[知识拓展]
(1) 把……送交/托付给……；
对……作出承诺，承担义务，
担负责任；使(自己)致力于……
cmmit neself t d/t ding...
承诺；保证做……
cmmit a crime 犯罪
(2)cmmitted adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
cmmitment n. 承诺；委托；承担义务
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The by (cmmit)t the care f his aunt yesterday.
②He has cmmitted himself the cause f educatin.
③He has cmmitted himself (supprt)them.
④The President is cmmitted t (refrm)health care.
⑤不管怎样，她都不想作出承诺。
She didn't want ne way r the ther.
[小片段填空]
Als, be ttally what yu d, as excellence is nly pssible with ．
此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因为只有完全付出才可能达到卓越。
【答案】1.was cmmitted2.t 3.t cmmit herself cmmitment
知识点3 evaluate vt.评价；评估
Her team examined ver 2，000 ld medical texts, and evaluated 280，000 plants fr their medical prperties.
她的团队查看了2 000多本古老的医学文献，并对28万种植物的药用性能进行了评估。
[例1] I can't evaluate his ability withut seeing his wrk.
我没有看到他的工作情况， 无法评估他的能力。
[例2] The schl has nly been pen fr six mnths, s it's hard t evaluate its success.
该学校仅开办了六个月， 所以还很难估计它的成就。
[知识拓展]
(1)evaluate sb.n/by根据……评价某人
(2)evaluatin n. 估计；评价
make an evaluatin f 对……进行评估
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①We must evaluate her ability her wrk.
②We must (evaluate)the cnsequences caused by the fire.
＝ We must make an (evaluate)f the cnsequences caused by the fire.
③这项证据应当仔细地评定。
The evidence shuld ．
[小片段填空]
At present, there exist sme prblems in the f teachers.Schls shuld perfect the means f
and imprve level.
当前教师评价中存在着一些弊端，学校应针对存在的问题，完善评价方法，提高评价水平。
【答案】1.n/by2.evaluate，evaluatin3.be carefully evaluated evaluatin ，evaluating
知识点4 btain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行
They then tried biling fresh wrmwd, and using the liquid btained frm this t treat malaria, but this did nt wrk either.
然后他们试着把新鲜的苦艾煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。
[例1] Different laws btain in different places.
不同的法律存在于不同的地方。
[例2] As far as I'm cncerned, what he had dne btained him respect.
在我看来，他的所作所为为他赢得了荣誉。
[知识拓展]
btain knwledge/ne's degree获得知识/学位
btain sb.sth.＝btain sth.fr sb.给某人带来某物
btain sth.by ding sth. 通过做某事获得
某物
btain sth.frm sb./sth. 从某人/物获得某物
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The value f a persn can (btain)by relative evaluatin.
②Her successful perfrmance btained great hnur her.
③Details can be btained the Department f Educatin.
④这种信息从互联网上很容易获得。
Such infrmatin the Internet.
【答案】1.be btained2.fr 3.frm 4.is easily btained frm
知识点5 acknwledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
(教材P2)Hwever, Tu Yuyu wuld nt acknwledge defeat.
然而，屠呦呦并不接受失败。
[例1] He acknwledged having made a mistake.
他承认做错了。
[例2] I acknwledged him as an expert.
我视他为专家。
[知识拓展]
(1)acknwledge (ding/having dne)sth.
承认(做了)某事
acknwledge sb./sth.t be/as
承认某人/某物是……
acknwledge that... 承认……
It's generally/universally/widely acknwledged that...
大家公认……
(2)acknwledgement n.承认；感谢；谢礼
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
①She is acknwledged (be)ne f the best singers in the wrld.
②With n slid evidence, he refused t acknwledge (steal)the lady's purse.
③I was sent a free cpy in (acknwledge)f my cntributin.
④Peple widely acknwledge that students shuld be evaluated in terms f verall qualities.
→ students shuld be evaluated in terms f verall qualities.
【答案】1.t be2.stealing/having stlen 3.acknwledgement 4.It is widely acknwledged that
知识点6 She cncluded that biling the sweet wrmwd apparently destryed its medical prperties.
她的结论是，煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的医疗特性。
(1)cnclude vt. 推断出；得出结论；使结束 vi.结束；终止
[例1] We cncluded nt t wait any mre.
我们决定不再等了。
[例2] The dctrs cncluded that he had suffered a strke.
医生诊断他中风了。
[知识拓展]
(1)从……中推断出……
cnclude (frm sth.)that...
(从某事中)推断出……；
(从某事中)断定……
cnclude ding...
以……结束……
(2)cnclusin n. 结论；推论；结束
draw/reach/cme t/arrive at a/the cnclusin
得出结论
in cnclusin 最后；总之；总而言之
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①We will have a further discussin befre we draw a final (cnclude).
② cnclusin, I wuld like t say the film Brn in China is wrth seeing.
③She cncluded her perfrmance a pem.
④What can we cnclude the cnversatin?
⑤你从所有这一切当中得出了什么结论？
What frm all this?
[联想助记]
完成下列表示“最后；总而言之”的其他表达：
①in a wrd ②in brief ③all in all ④in shrt ⑤n the whle
[小片段填空]
The seventh chapter is a ．The authr stated the full text's key pints and this article's study ．
第七章是结论，作者综述了全文要点，并得出了本文的研究结论。
【答案】 3.with 4.frm 5.d yu cnclude cnclusin，cnclusin
(2)apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
[例1] He was apparently much surprised at the news.
他对这个消息显然感到十分惊讶。
[例2] The child ndded, apparently cntent with the prmise.
孩子点了点头，看来他对这个许诺还满意。
[知识拓展]
(1)As is apparently shwn/stated in the picture/chart/passage abve...
正如上面图画/图表/文中明显展示/陈述的那样……
(2)apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的
It is apparent that... 显然……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
① is apparently shwn in the chart abve, there are abut 10% students supprting the idea.
②He paused, (apparent)lst in thught.
③Sn, it was apparent t everyne he culdn't sing.
④显然他从那里什么也看不见。
frm there.
【答案】1.As 4.Apparently he culd see nthing
知识点7 insist n坚决要求
(教材P3)Tu Yuyu and her team members even insisted n testing the medicine n themselves t make sure that it was safe.
屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在他们自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。
[例1] He insisted n his demand.
他坚持他的要求。
[例2] She insisted n her mther's living with her.
她坚持要她母亲和她住在一起。
[知识拓展]
(1)insist n/upn (ding)sth.坚决要求(做)某事
(2)在“insist＋that...”结构中，当insist作“坚持主张，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可以省略。当insist作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The manager insisted n the wrk (d)in tw hurs.
②He insisted walking me t the statin t see me ff.
③He insisted that the prblem (discuss)at the meeting.
④她坚持立刻就走。
She at nce.
【答案】1.being dne2.n/upn 3. (shuld)be discussed 4.insisted n leaving
知识点8过去分词作定语
In 1967, the Chinese gvernment frmed a team f scientists with the bjective f discvering a new treatment fr malaria, and Tu Yuyu was amng the first researchers chsen.
1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。
句式分析：过去分词chsen作名词researchers的后置定语，相当于定语从句that were chsen的省略。
[例1] The experience gained will give yu mre cnfidence t help yur custmers.
获得的经验会给你更多的信心去帮助你的客户。
[例2] There are many beautifully decrated huses in this rich area.
这个富人区有许多装饰精美的房子。
[知识拓展]
(1)过去分词作定语时通常与所修饰的名词构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。
(2)过去分词还可以在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。此时过去分词通常与句子的主语构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
① (give)a lt f mney, he lived a better life.
② (use)with care, ne tin will last fr six weeks.
③The teacher came in, (fllw)by a grup f students.
④The meeting which was held yesterday is f great imprtance.
→The meeting is f great imprtance.
【答案】 yesterday
知识点9 upn/n ding...当……时；一……就……
Upn hearing that she had been awarded the Nbel Prize...
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时……
句式分析：upn/n ding...当……时；一……就……，相当于as sn as引导的时间状语从句。
[例1] Upn seeing her, I smiled and ran tward her.
一看到她，我就笑着向她跑去了。
[例2] On his return frm Japan, Prf.Li went directly t his labratry and started wrking with his clleagues.
李教授刚一从日本回来就到他的实验室，开始和他的同事们一道工作起来。
[知识拓展]
(1)一些表示短暂性动作的动词，如：arrive, return, reach, hear, see, receive, enter, step, get, recgnize, leave等，它们相应的名词形式或动名词形式用在upn或n之后可表达“一……就……”。
(2)某些at引导的介词短语可用来表达“一……就……”，如：at the sight f(一看到)；at the thught f(一想到)；at the sund f(一听到)；at the first pprtunity/chance(一有机会)等。
(3)在名词minute, mment和instant前加上定冠词the也可以引导时间状语从句来表达“一……就……”。它们后面可以加that，含义不变。
(4)可用副词immediately和 directly来表达“一……就……”。这时，它们所起的作用相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。这种用法主要用在英式英语及口语中。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
① (immediate)he arrived, he started telling us what t d.
② the sight f the plice fficer the thief ran ff.
③I'll tell him minute (that)he gets here.
④As sn as he went ut f the rm, Jack heard his cellphne ringing.
→ , Jack heard his cellphne ringing.
【答案】 3.the 4.On/Upn ging ut f the rm,
语法精讲
定语从句
一、定语从句的种类
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
[观察例句]
This is the cmputer (that/which)he bught fr his sn yesterday.
这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。
I will shw yu t the supermarket where yu can find everything yu want.
我会带你去一家超市，在那里你能找到你想要的一切东西。
He is English, which I knw frm his accent.
他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。
This is ur headmaster, wh I think has smething imprtant t tell yu.
这是我们的校长，我认为他有一些重要的事情要告诉你。
[归纳用法]
①限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有wh, whm, whse, that, which, as；关系副词有where, when, why。
②非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。
[即学即练1]——用适当的关系词填空
①Hlly， is frm Australia, has a gd cmmand f Chinese.
②The dictinary， ur teacher bught yesterday, is helpful t us.
③I am lking frward t the day my daughter can read this bk and knw my feelings fr her.
④Tu Yuyu was awarded the Nbel Prize, is cnsidered ne f the highest internatinal hnurs a persn can receive.
⑤Davis wanted t visit the farm the seawater rice was grwn.
【答案】1.wh 2.which 3.when 4.which 5.where
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1．形式不同
[观察例句]
Here is the man wh has been punished by the bss.
这就是那个被老板惩罚的人。(限制性定语从句)
The prject, which lasted three years, cst n less than $1 billin.
这个工程历时三年，耗资多达十亿美元。(非限制性定语从句)
[归纳用法]
限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。
2．先行词不同
[观察例句]
This is the best nvel that I have ever read.
这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(限制性定语从句，先行词是nvel)
The nvel, which I read last night, is very interesting.
我昨天晚上看过那部小说了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定语从句，先行词为nvel)
The nvel is very interesting, which makes me very excited.
那部小说很有意思，这让我很兴奋。(非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句的内容)
[归纳用法]
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句。
3．关系词的使用情况不同
(1)that, why不可用于引导非限制性定语从句
[观察例句]
Mst peple didn't vte fr him, which disappinted him.
大多数人没有投票支持他，这使他失望。
I have tld them the reasn, fr which I changed my mind.
我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。
[归纳用法]
指物时要用which代替that, fr which代替why。
(2)关系代词替代情况不同
[观察例句]
This is the man (whm/wh/that)we are talking abut.
这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。(限制性定语从句)
The yung man had a new girlfriend, whm he wanted t impress.
这个年轻人新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下印象。(非限制性定语从句)
She has a yunger brther, wh is an English teacher.
她有一个弟弟，他是一名英语老师。
[归纳用法]
①关系代词whm在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用wh代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用wh代替。
②在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可以用that引导，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用wh或whm。
(3)关系代词省略情况不同
[观察例句]
This is a gd film (which/that)I saw a few days ag.
这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。(限制性定语从句)
The summer hliday, which we're lking frward t, is drawing near.
我们盼望的暑假就要来了。(非限制性定语从句)
[归纳用法]
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。
[即学即练2]——用适当的关系词填空
①Until nw, we have raised 50，000 punds fr the pr children, is quite unexpected.
②The exact year Angela and her family spent tgether in China was 2018.
③Can yu tell me the reasn he was absent yesterday?
④We have a buyer wuld like t view the huse.
⑤He was a persnal friend I've knwn fr many years.
【答案】1.which 2.which/that3.why 4.wh 5.whm
三、as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
[观察例句]
As we all knw, Lu Xun is a great writer.
众所周知，鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。
He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.
他实验失败了，这是没有预料到的。
He is a cheat, as everyne can see.
每个人都看得出来，他是个骗子。
He did the experiment successfully, as had been expected.
正如期望的那样，他实验做成功了。
As we all knw, paper was invented in China.
正如大家所知，纸是中国发明的。
[归纳用法]
①as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句，又可以是主句的一部分。
②as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位于先行词之前、之中和之后，而which引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。
③as引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which常译为“这；那”。常用句型有：as we all knw，as is knwn t all, as everybdy can see, as is expected等。
[即学即练3]——用适当的关系词填空
①The weather turned ut t be very fine， was mre than we culd expect.
② has been annunced, we shall have ur final exam next mnth.
③He failed in the driving test, we had expected.
【答案】1.which 2.As 3.as
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears, nne f has been prved.
2．She was taking the fd t the refugee camp, in she distributed it t the children.
3．I live next dr t a cuple children ften make a lt f nise.
4．We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
5．Sharing bread r ther fds is a cmmn human traditin can prmte unity and trust.
6．Sme peple are successful language learners ften fail in ther fields.
7．The sun heats the earth, makes it pssible fr plants t grw.
8．Then he met Mary, invited him t a party.
9．There was a net bar arund here, I remember.
10．He changed his mind again, made us all angry.
【答案】1.which 2.which 3.whse 4.when 5.that 6.wh 7.which 8.wh 9.as 10.which
Ⅱ.短文语法填空 (用适当的关系词填空)
The very film 1. is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad lve stry 2. is ppular with the public, 3. her and herine are Jack and Rse.Rse is a yung beautiful wman with 4. her mther went t America.Jack, 5. wn a ship ticket by playing cards, is a pr painter.They met and fell in lve with each ther n Titanic 6. they had a happy time.Sadly, the nice jurney was destryed by a huge iceberg, 7. Jack lst his life fr saving Rse (everyne will be mved by the selfless way in 8. mst peple can't behave in real life).Befre Jack left Rse frever, he encuraged Rse t live well fr him.9. is knwn t all, lve is the strngest strength.And that's the reasn 10. Rse culd live alne and tell us the mving stry.
【答案】1.that 2.as 3.whse 4.whm 5.wh 6.where 7.when 8.which 9.As 10.why
写作园地
人物描写属于记叙文的范畴，它以写人和记事为主，以叙述和描写为主要表达方式。
一篇好的人物描写一般分为三大部分，即生平介绍、事迹叙述和简短的评论。时态的选择要视情况而定，若写人物的过去就用过去时态，若写人物的现在就用现在时态。
[基本框架]
1．首段：生平介绍
人物的出生时间和地点是必不可少的信息；介绍生平时要尊重客观事实，材料要真实。
2．中段：事迹叙述
选材要着眼于人物的生活背景及其成就和事迹，以形成对比，起到突出人物的特点和树立榜样的作用。选材要有重点，不必面面俱到。
3．尾段：简短的评论
对所描述的人物的评论要客观公正。
[常用词块]
1．at the age f fur 4岁时
2．a by f sixteen一个16岁的男孩
3．make friends with her和她交朋友
4．set up a band f his wn成立他自己的乐队
5．a lively and smart girl一个聪明活泼的女孩
6．be warmhearted and gdlking热心肠而且漂亮
7．becme a famus actr 成为一名著名的演员
8．shw great talent in music显示出音乐上的非凡天赋
9．be ready t help thers乐于助人
10．encurage us t speak and read mre English
鼓励我们多说多读英语
11．learn frm each ther and help each ther
相互学习相互帮助
12．be highly praised by the teachers and students
得到老师们和同学们的高度称赞
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．He has fair hair and blue eyes.
他有金色的头发和蓝色的眼睛。
2．Abraham Lincln, the sn f a pr family, was brn in Kentucky n February 12, 1809.
亚伯拉罕·林肯，一个贫苦家庭的儿子，于1809年2月12日生于肯塔基州。
3．She is an rdinarylking girl, but her kindness and cnsideratin impress me mst.
她是一个相貌平平的女孩，但她的善良和体贴打动了我。
4．He is a gdlking, kindhearted man.
他是一个好看且好心肠的人。
★正文佳句
1．During her career life, she btained 132 champinships, including 4 Olympic champinships.
在她的职业生涯中，她获得了132个冠军，包括4个奥运冠军。
2．When he was still a by, he shwed great interest in literature.
当他还是个孩子的时候，他就对文学表现出极大的兴趣。
3．He/She is gd at spken English and even better at using cmputers.
他/她擅长英语口语，更擅长使用电脑。
4．He went t cllege, during which he shwed great interest in flk music.他上了大学，在大学期间他对民间音乐表现出极大的兴趣。
★余味结尾
1．He became famus fr his new thery.他以他的新理论而闻名。
2．The peple had cme t lve him as an inspiring leader.人们把他作为一个鼓舞人心的领袖而开始热爱他。
3．We regard him as ur mdel.我们把他作为我们的榜样。
4．Lei Feng has been praised fr his cmmunist spirit.雷锋因他的共产主义精神而受到称赞。
[升格示例]
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因。
The persn I respect
We have a lt f respectable peple arund us.___________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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[学生习作]
[升格作文]
The persn I respect
We have a lt f respectable peple arund us.They may be ur teachers，parents r ne f ur elders.As fr me，my father is the persn I respect mst.
My father is a teacher wh lves his wrk and his students very much.He wrks very hard every day but he will als spare sme time t accmpany me and share many funny things with me abut his wrk.When I cme acrss sme prblems in my study，my father will listen t me patiently and encurage me t vercme the
difficulties bravely.He achieved a lt in his wrk and was respected by his students.
In a wrd，in my mind my father is the persn I respect mst and I lve him deeply.
在抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间，有太多让我们感动的人和事。请按下面的要求，用英语写一个人物故事。人物可以是医务工作者、社区工作者、志愿者等。
要求：
1．简要介绍该人物；
2．他/她的感人事迹；
3．你的感想。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
提示词：COVID19新型冠状病毒
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[参考范文]
There are s many peple and things that have mved us in the fight against COVID19.The mst impressive ne is Academician Zhng Nanshan, wh was brn in 1936.
At the beginning f the epidemic in Wuhan, Academician Zhng Nanshan immediately went t the frnt line t save thse patients suffering frm the virus.He was s lved by the whle natin that sme peple said，“When will we g ut? Zhng Nanshan asks us t g ut, and we will g ut！”
Such a brave and nble man fr the cuntry, we can't help deeply respecting him, we shuld learn frm him.
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共20分)
1．My favrite hbby is reading bks and newspapers，which has becme a part f my daily rutine.
2．Thugh all his friends blamed him，he that he had dne nthing wrng.
3．I wndered wh made this decisin and hw they drew their (结论)．
4．While bth men and wmen tend t fcus n rewards and less n (后果) under stress，their respnses t risk turn ut t be different.
5．I have t yur generus assistance whenever I am in truble.
6．If yu dn’t insist n what yu are ding，under n circumstances will yu what yu desire.
7．We shuld develp students’ ability t (分析) and slve prblems.
8．I hld the strng belief that I wn’t be (打败) in the cntest.
9． (创建) in 1898，Peking University enjys a gd reputatin wrldwide.
10．It was by chance that I (遇到) my frmer classmate n the street the ther day.
【答案】1.vital 2.insisted 6.btain 7.analyz(s)
10.encuntered
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共10分)
t educatin，he every minute t studying and teaching，
s his finally paid ff.(cmmit)
12．I that he didn’t tell us the truth，that is t say，I came t the that he lied.(cnclude)
13．The has made achievements in .(scientific)
14．Thrugh my great effrts，I btained an qualificatin at the Chinese f Science.(academy)
15．As yu knw， is my main majr at university，and as a cnsequence，I memrize
many parties and .(plitician)
【答案】11.Cmmitted ，cmmitted ，cmmitment 12.cncluded ，cnclusin 13.scientist ，scientific ，science
14.academic ，Academy 15.plitics ，plitical ，pliticians
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共12分)
16．我要推荐你去西安旅行，那里有很多名胜古迹。(定语从句)(应用文之推荐信)
I will recmmend yu t visit Xi’an， .
17．你会交到一些好朋友，他们大多数也喜欢打乒乓球。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
Yu will make sme gd friends， .
18．一听到这个消息，他难以抑制心中的兴奋，高兴地跳了起来。(upn ding...)(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)
，he was unable t cntrl his excitement and jumped with jy.
19．对于约翰来说，通过制作和卖爆米花来帮助伯纳德过更好的生活是一种莫大的荣幸。(hnur，it作形式主语)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
Jhn t help Bernard t live a better life by making and selling ppcrn.
【答案】16.where there are a great number f places f interest17.mst f whm are als interested in playing table tennis18.Upn hearing the news19.It is a great hnur fr
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Tu Yuyu is awarded the Nbel Prize fr Medicine because f her discvery f artemisinin,1. is a crucial new treatment fr malaria.After 2 (graduate) frm university，Tu Yuyu wrked at the China Academy f Traditinal Chinese Medicine,3. she was cmmitted t the bjective f discvering hw t treat malaria.Her team 4. (evaluate) 280,000 plants and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments,5. shwed prmise in the fight against malaria.In the beginning，nt nly did her team test dried wrmwd leaves but they als tried 6. (bil) fresh wrmwd.But neither wrked.Nt 7. (acknwledge) defeat，she and her team insisted n analyzing medical texts again and finally drew a 8. (cnclude) that 9. (use) a lwer temperature culd make artemisinin extracted.As far as she is cncerned，it is a great hnur fr Chinese medicine t 10. (spread) arund the wrld.
【答案】1.which 2.graduating/graduatin3.where spread
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后翻译短文并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)
eq \x(cnclusin，bjective，cmmit，vital，academic)
Madam Curie
Being an extrardinary wman genius，Madam Curie managed t btain tw kinds f radiactive elements，which were 1. t physics.It was widely acknwledged that she was brn in Pland in 1967.Distinct frm ther girls，she had a strng passin fr science and 2. her whle life t scientific research.After graduating frm high schl，she tk up a psitin as a tutr.In 1891，she was admitted t Paris University，where she achieved great 3. perfrmances and became the first wman prfessr.Under unbearable circumstances，she and her husband spared n effrt t analyze and evaluate pitchblende(沥青铀矿) with the 4. f extracting radiactive elements.Despite numerus failures，under n circumstances did the cuple acknwledge defeat.Using flw charts and summing up what they had studied，the cuple finally drew a 5. that P and Ra did exist，which was sn spread thrughut the wrld.Their thery，as ther prducts and devices，can stand wear and tear.
In 1934，Madam Curie passed away and the whle wrld murned the great lss f a remarkable scientist.
【答案】1.vital 2.cmmitted 3.academic 4.bjective 5.cnclusin
题组C 培优拔尖练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Independence is smething that can be difficult t achieve.But dn’t wrry because here we have fur bks that can help yu.If yu dn’t buy less than three f them，yu’ll be given a 20% discunt!
The Ttal Mney Makever by Dave Ramsey
Taking care f yur finance is hard.Dave Ramsey，a famus businessman，is here t take yu n the whle prcess f planning yur finance，and shw the myths f cash advances and debt cnslidatin(债务重整)，t make sure yur finance is healthy.
Price：$14.49
Grace’s Guide by Grace Helbig
Grace Helbig shared her tips t becming a grwn-up.The bk is full f persnal stries f Helbig，her struggles and the lessns she learnt frm failing many times.This bk is yur n-the-g fun read with pictures and drawings f Helbig，and wrksheets(工作表) t practice.
Price：$7.95
The Oh She Glws Ckbk by Angela Liddn
Having suffered frm eating disrder and living n diet，Angela Liddn prmised t eat healthily frever.She threw ut her fat-free butter spray(黄油喷雾) and lw-calrie frzen dinners after learning hw t prperly ck.This bk cntains mre than 100 recipes(食谱) cvering breakfast，salads，sups，pwer snacks and the main dishes fr a healthy meal at any time f the day.We all knw that healthy eating is all part f being independent.
Price：$22.22
Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl Strayed
Life can be hard，especially when it cmes t relatinships with thers.In the bk，Strayed gives advice n lve and life.She writes abut different subjects：a sn rejected by his parents，a mther wh has lst her child.And the message hidden thrughut all her advice is always that，if yu want a gd life，yu have t create it.
Price：$8.76
1．Hw much will yu save at least if yu buy three f the listed bks?
A．$5.68. B．$6.24.
C．$8.95. D．$9.10.
B【解析】数字计算题。根据第一段最后一句可知，如果你买至少3本书以上，就会得到20%的折扣，如果你买了三本书，至少能省(14.49＋7.95＋8.76)×0.2＝6.24，即能省 $6.24。故选B。
2．What is special fr the bk Grace’s Guide?
A．It is abut hw t grw up healthily.
B．It is mainly abut hw t wrk better.
C．It is based n its authr’s life experience.
D．It teaches readers t learn frm thers’ life stries.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据Grace’s Guide by Grace Helbig部分中的“The bk is full f persnal stries f Helbig...”可知，这本书充满了Helbig的个人故事。由此可知，《格蕾丝指南》这本书的特别之处是基于作者的生活经历。故选C。
3．Which bk shuld yu chse fr smene wh is bad at getting alng with thers?
A．Grace’s Guide.
B．Tiny Beautiful Things.
C．The Ttal Mney Makever.
D．The Oh She Glws Ckbk.
B【解析】推理判断题。根据Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl Strayed部分中的“Life can be hard，especially when it cmes t relatinships with thers.”可知，生活可能会很艰难，尤其是当涉及与他人的关系时。由此可知，对于不善于与人相处的人，你应该选择Tiny Beautiful Things这本书。故选B。
B
One afternn，after finishing shpping in a supermarket，my family and I went t the check-ut.I suddenly thught we didn’t need any f the junk，and we abandned all f thse，saving $300.
That gt me thinking abut all ur pintless expenses in life.With a prmise that we’d stp if it was killing us，I cnvinced the family t take the leap int frugality.The rules were that we wuld buy nthing fr 30 days except abslutely essentials.
Our adventure began with a great start.By 9 a．m.，my wife，Ruth，had already made cakes frm ld strawberries and picked flwers I didn’t even knw we had in the garden.I cleared the car by hand fr the first time fr years.I read and returned the neighbr’s newspaper befre he wke up.Ttal spending n the first day：$0.
As days turned int weeks，we became s prficient(熟练的) at living frugally.We started riding ur bikes t save gas.My child’s finger painting was recycled as gift wrap fr the hme-made presents.We started t use an Internet applicatin like Skype fr free phne calls and ask neighbrs with gardens fr extra vegetables and herbs.
In the end，we saved mre than $2,000 by nt spending fr a mnth.When we began，I imagined we wuld rush ut the mment we were dne and buy a lt f things in the supermarket.Then maybe hit the mall r g t the mvies.
4．What can we infer frm the passage befre that very afternn?
A．The family had ften spent mney randmly.
B．The family had had higher incme and living standard.
C．The family had adpted an advisable habit f saving mney.
D．The family hadn’t expected they wuld have financial prblems.
A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可推知，在那天下午之前，这个家庭经常乱花钱。故选A。
5．Hw many things were mentined abut what the family did t save n the first day f the “30 days”？
A．Tw. B．Three.
C．Fur. D．Five.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三、四句可知，早上9点，作者的妻子露丝已经用草莓做了蛋糕，还摘了一些花，作者甚至都不知道花园里有。多年来作者第一次手动清理汽车。在邻居醒来之前，作者看完并把报纸还给了他。由此可知，第一天提到了家庭为节省开支所做的三件事情。故选B。
6．The end f the stry suggests that the family .
A．stpped halfway because f unexpected things
B．culd barely put up with the life f frugality
C．wuld return t nrmal after the “30 days”
D．succeeded in saving and changed their spending habit
D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者他们节省了不少钱，根据最后一段最后两句“当我们开始的时候，我想象着当我们完成任务的时候，我们会冲出去，在超市里买很多东西，然后可能去购物中心或者去看电影”可知，作者只是一开始的时候这样想象的，由此可推知，故事的结尾表明，这个家庭成功地节省了开支并改变了他们的消费习惯。故选D。
7．What is this passage mainly abut?
A．A new idea cming up t save gas.
B．A family’s managing their daily life.
C．A family’s attempt nt t buy anything.
D．A family’s way f slving life prblems.
C【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段第二、三句可知，文章主要讲述了作者一家发现一些无意义的花销后，尝试一个月除了绝对的必需品外不买东西，然后省下两千多美元的故事。故选C。
C
Classifying things is critical fr ur daily lives.Fr example，we have t detect spam mails(垃圾邮件)，false plitical news.When we use AI，such tasks are based n “classificatin technlgy” in machine learning—having the cmputer learn，using the bundary separating psitive and negative data.Fr example，“psitive” data wuld be phts including a happy face，and “negative” data phts that include a sad face.Once a classificatin bundary is learned，the cmputer can determine whether a certain data is psitive r negative.
Hwever，the difficulty with this technlgy is that it requires bth psitive and negative data fr the learning prcess，and negative data are nt available in many cases.Fr instance，when a retailer(零售商) is trying t predict wh will make a purchase，they can easily find data n custmers wh have purchased frm them (psitive data)，but it is basically impssible t btain data n custmers wh have never purchased frm them (negative data)，since they d nt have access t their cmpetitrs’ data.
Accrding t lead authr Takashi Ishida frm RIKEN AIP，“Previus classificatin methds culd nt cpe with the situatin where negative data were nt available，but we have made it pssible fr cmputers t learn with nly psitive data，as lng as we have a cnfidence scre fr ur psitive data，cnstructed frm infrmatin such as buying intentin r the active rate f app users.Using ur new methd，we can let cmputers learn a classifier nly frm psitive data equipped with cnfidence.”
Accrding t Ishida，“This discvery culd expand the range f applicatins where classificatin technlgy can be used.Even in fields where machine learning has been actively used，ur classificatin technlgy culd be used in new situatins where nly psitive data can be gathered due t data regulatin r business cnstraints (限制)．In the near future，we hpe t put ur technlgy t use in varius research fields，such as natural language prcessing，cmputer visin，rbtics，and biinfrmatics.”
8．Hw can the cmputer distinguish the psitive data frm the negative data?
A．By learning the classificatin bundary.
B．By updating the data cllected regularly.
C．By separating happy faces and sad nes.
D．By intrducing classificatin technlgy.
A【解析】细节理解题。由第一段倒数第一句可知，classificatin bundary是区分正面信息和负面信息的关键。故A选项正确。
9．Why is the example mentined in Paragraph 2?
A．T prve hw imprtant the psitive data are.
B．T cnfirm that data n custmers are cmplete.
C．T argue that retailers get their cmpetitrs’ data.
D．T explain why negative data are hard t acquire.
D【解析】推理判断题。由第二段的第一句可知，这种技术的困难在于它需要正负两方面数据，而在许多情况下我们很难获得负面数据。例如，零售商很难获得从来不在他这儿买东西的顾客的信息。文章举出这个例子是为了解释负面信息很难获得的原因。故D选项正确。
10．What d the underlined wrds “new methd” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Analyzing buying intentin.
B．Building a cnfidence scre.
C．Assessing the active rate f app users.
D．Equipping the cmputer with cnfidence.
B【解析】词义猜测题。由第三段的“ we have made it pssible fr cmputers t learn with nly psitive data，as lng as we have a cnfidence scre fr ur psitive data，cnstructed frm infrmatin such as buying intentin r the active rate f app users.”可知，下文中的new methd指的是“创建一个信心指数”。故B选项正确。
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．The Histry f Classificatin Technlgy
B．Smarter AI：Machine Learning Withut Negative Data
C．Bigger Data：Cmputers Assisting Language Prcessing
D．The Cmparisn Between Psitive Data and Negative Data
B【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲的是计算机通过学习分类技术可以区分出正面信息和负面信息。并结合第三段末句和第四段的第二句的内容可知，B选项适合作文章标题。
重点词汇
阅读单词
1．extract n．提取物；摘录vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出
2．flee vi.& vt.(fled，fled)迅速离开；逃跑
3．numerus adj.众多的；许多的
4．thery n．理论；学说
5．relativity n．相对论；相对性
6．dctrate n．博士学位
7．institutin n．社会公共机构；制度；习俗
8．mustache n．上唇的胡子；髭
9．btanical adj.植物学的
10．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的
11．substance n．物质；物品；事实根据
12．chart n．图表 vt.记录；制订计划
13．patent n．专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的
14．device n．方法；技巧；装置；仪器
15．murn vt.& vi.哀悼；忧伤
重点单词
1．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的
2．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
3．bjective n．目标；目的 adj.客观的
4．prperty n．性质；特征；财产
5．bil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点
6．liquid n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的
7．btain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行
8．acknwledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
9．defeat n．失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜
10．apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
11．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
12．mstly adv.主要地；一般地
13．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况
14．flw n．流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动
15．fund vt.创建；建立；把……建立在
16．infer vt.推断；推定
17．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的
18．genius n．(pl. geniuses)天才；天资；天赋
19．passin n．酷爱；激情
20．extrardinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
21．gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
22．institute n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑
23．cnsequence n．结果；后果
24．encunter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇
25．prfessr n．教授
26．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的
27．sum vi.总结；概括 n．金额；款项；总数；总和
28．draft n．草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟
词汇拓展
1．cmmit vt.做出(错事或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→cmmitted adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→cmmitment n．投入；奉献；承诺
2．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；学术的
3．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluatin n．评价；评估
4．analyse(NAmE -ze) vt.分析→analysis (pl. analyses) n．分析
5．scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
6．cnclusin n．结论；推论→cnclude vt.断定；推断出
7．nvelist n．小说家→nvel n．(长篇)小说adj.新颖的；新奇的
8．plitician n．政治家；从政者；政客→plitics n．政治→plitical adj.政治的
重点词组
1．cmmit neself t d承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
2．insist n坚决要求
3．cme t pwer (开始)掌权；上台
4．take up a psitin担任；任职
5．sum up总结；概括
重点句型
1．In the beginning，Tu Yuyu went t Hainan，where malaria was mre cmmn，t study malaria patients.
在开始的时候，屠呦呦去了海南研究疟疾患者，在那里疟疾较为普遍。
2．Later，the medicine was tested n malaria patients，mst f whm recvered.
后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大多数患者都康复了。
3．Upn hearing that she had been awarded the Nbel Prize，she said，“The hnur is nt just mine.”
听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。”
4．It is indeed an hnur fr China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine t be spread arund the wrld.
中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。
5．He had a thick mustache and lng white hair，which smetimes std n end as thugh he had just received an electric shck.
他留着浓密的胡须和长长的白发，有时白发挺立，就好像刚遭了电击。
The persn I respect
We have a lt f respectable peple arund us.They may be ur teachers, parents r ne f ur elders.As fr me，my father is I mst respect persn.My father is a teacher.He lves his wrk and his students very much.He wrks very hard every day.He will als spare sme time t accmpany me and share many funny things with me abut his wrk.When I cme acrss sme prblems in my study，my father will listen t me patiently and encurage me t vercme the difficulties bravely.He achieved a lt in his wrk.My father is the persn I respect mst.I lve him deeply.
点评：
1.文章没有分段，缺少框架意识，把所有内容混搭在一起，给阅卷老师评卷造成了困难，从而影响了得分。
2.文中出现了汉语式英语。如my father is I mst respect persn。
3.句式不够丰富多变，只用了一些简单句和简单的复合句，缺少高级句式。
4.衔接不够顺畅，意义不连贯，未达到预期目的。
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本书，它们可以在如何独立方面帮助你。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家发现一些无意义的花销后，尝试一个月除了绝对的必需品外不买东西，然后省下了两千多美元的故事。
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章向我们说明了计算机分类技术在我们的生活中扮演了至关重要的角色。计算机分类技术可以区分出正面信息和负面信息，从而为我们过滤掉负面信息。
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