人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions学案

2019新人教高中英语必修二

Unit4 History and Traditions

Discovering Useful Structures公开课学案

学习目标：

1. Learn the structure of the present continuous passive voice and its functions.
2. Learn to change the sentences with the present continuous tense into the sentences with the present continuous passive voice.
3. Learn to write sentences with the present continuous tense flexibly according to the context.

学习重难点：

1. Learn the structure of the present continuous passive voice and its functions.
2. Learn to change the sentences with the present continuous tense into the sentences with the present continuous passive voice.

3. Learn to write sentences with the present continuous tense flexibly according to the context.

学习过程：

Part Ⅰ　Lead-in

Look at some pictures and appreciate the past participle by answering the functions of it.

Part Ⅱ　Master the usage of the past participle as the attribute and the object complement.

Activity 1　Find and underline the past participles in the sentences below.What function do the past participles have?Answer the questions below.

1.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.

2.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.

3.They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.

小结:shortened在句1中位置在名词 　　　　　　,known as 在句2中位置在名词 　　　　　　。 1、2句中分词和分词短语都用来修饰 　　　　　　,作定语;句子3中名词castles 是had的宾语,所以built是对名词castles进行补充说明,作　　　　　　　　　　 。 

结论: 

Activity 2　Practice:Identify the function of the past participle in each sentence.

(1)The new product finally passed the required test.

(2)It is a house built by the Romans.

(3)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.

(4)Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.

Activity 3　Appreciate more examples and discuss in groups to summarize the usage of the past participle as the attribute.

小结:过去分词短语作定语时位于被修饰词 　　　　　　　　　,即 　　　　　　　　　　　;而单个过去分词作定语一般在被修饰词的 　　　　　　　　,过去分词作定语时和被修饰词之间呈 　　　　　　　　关系。 

Activity 4　Read each sentence and underline the -ed form as the object complement.

1.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square,where we could get our car battery charged.

2.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides,we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.

3.We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.

4.Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers.It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.

5.She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely.

小结:过去分词作宾语补足语时,过去分词和宾语的关系是 　　　　　　　　　。 

Part Ⅲ  More as the attribute

过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义

1. 及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成, 即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者, 且该动作已经完成。

I don’t like the book written by Martin(=which was written by Martin). 我不喜欢马丁写的这部书。

Our class went on a trip organized by our school(=which was organized by our school) last Monday.

上周一我们班参加了一次学校组织的旅行。

2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成, 不表示被动。

The fallen leaves of the wood cover the ground when in fall. 秋天时, 小树林的落叶覆盖着地面。

The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning. 早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀着。

3. 过去分词(短语)作非限制性定语, 相当于非限制性的定语从句, 用来补充说明被修饰词的情况, 通常用逗号与主句隔开。

The bridge, built last year(=which was built last year), is in use now.

这座桥, 去年建成, 现在已通行。

  Paper cuts, used for religious purposes(=which are used for religious purposes), can be bought in the store. 用于宗教目的的剪纸可以在这家商店里买到。

现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别

1. 语态上不同: 现在分词表示主动意义, 过去分词多表示被动意义。

The running water (=The water which runs)in the river is very clear. 河里的流水很清澈。

Nine out of ten women interviewed (=who were interviewed)about the product said they liked it.

就这个产品被采访的十位妇女中有九位说她们喜欢这个产品。

2. 时间关系上不同: 现在分词表示正在进行的动作, 而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。

We are all living in a changing world(=a world which/that is changing).

我们都生活在正在发生变化的世界里。

The changed world (=The world which had changed) surprised him. 已经变化了的世界令他吃惊。

Part Ⅳ  More as the object complement

  1. 用于feel, find, hear, notice, see, smell, observe, watch, think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。

Many passers-by saw a tree beside the street knocked down by a car yesterday.

昨天很多路人看见路边的一棵树被一辆小汽车撞倒了。

When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself surrounded by doctors and nurses.

当他在医院醒来时, 他发现自己被医生和护士包围着。

总结起来，其结构为：feel/find/hear/notice/see/smell/observe/watch/think +宾语+done

2. 用于get, have, make, keep, leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。

He spoke English slowly, and tried to make himself understood while traveling abroad.

在国外旅行期间, 他说英语的语速很慢, 尽力让人们理解自己的意思。

When he was working, he liked keeping the door of his room closed.

当他工作时, 他喜欢关着房间的门。

He wants to have/get his eyes examined tomorrow.

他明天想去检查眼睛。

He narrowly had his legs broken while he was riding a horse the other day.

几天前当他骑马时, 他的腿差点摔断。

总结起来，其结构为：get/have/make/keep/leave +宾语+done

StepⅤ Practice

Activity1

1.Judy and I _______________（把车停下来(park)）in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could ______________________(让我们的车充电（charge)).

2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it ___________ that there were no audio guides____________(留下，剩下）.

3. We__________________________（发现自己对...很惊讶）the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.

4. Judy ____________________(眼神专注于） Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.

5. She ____________________(把这幅画的复制品装箱（box)） to ensure that it was delivered safely.

Activity 2(Workbook P81)　Complete the conversations with the past participles of the verbs as the attribute or the object complement.

base　connect　addict　hide　write　trap

(1)A:What do you think of the weather?

B:It drives me crazy sometimes!The continuous heavy rain had me 　　　　　　at home last week. 

(2)A:Do you like that new TV series?

B:Yes,it really has me　　　　　　. 

(3)A:What’s your travel plan for this weekend?

B:I’m so interested in the plays 　　　　　　by Shakespeare that I’m going to Stratford-upon-Avon this weekend. 

(4)A:Why do you like this park so much?

B:We like to look for the birds 　　　　　　in the trees. 

(5)A:What was the decision 　　　　　　on? 

B:There wasn’t enough money to start the project.

(6)A:Excuse me.Is there a problem?

B:Yes.I’m trying to use the Wi-Fi,but I can’t get 　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

Activity 3(Workbook P81)　Read and complete the passage about Annie and the royal ball by translating the words in brackets into English.

Annie was 　　　　　　(兴奋的)to find her name on the list of people 　　　　　　(邀请)to the royal ball at Windsor Castle.She took out a dress 　　　　　　(做)long ago for this special day.She turned around and around,enjoying her look in the mirror.The next day at the ball,she really found herself well 　　　　　　(接待).She danced with a few polite young men 　　　　　　(介绍)to her.All in all,she found Windsor Castle to be a place which would never leave anyone 　　　　　　(感到无聊). 

Activity 4(Workbook P42)　Rewrite the sentences with past participles as the attribute,and then see whether you can write a little story with them.

(1)Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape,which made it look amazing.

(2)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.

(3)The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.

(4)The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness.They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars,which were positioned on the hill.

参考答案：

课堂探究

Part Ⅰ

Part Ⅱ

Activity 1

1.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.(as the attribute)

2.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.(as the attribute) 

3.They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.(as the object complement)

小结:前面;后面;名词;宾语补足语。

结论:单个过去分词作名词的定语时,其位置在名词前;分词短语则放在名词后面。

Activity 2

(1)作定语　(2)作定语　(3)作宾补　(4)作宾补

Activity 3

1.tired　2.organized　3.dressed

后面;后置定语;前面;被动

Activity 4

1.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square,where we could get our car battery charged.

2.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides,we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.

3.We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.

4.Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers.It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.

5.She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely.

小结:过去分词作宾语补足语时,过去分词和宾语的关系是补充说明。

Part Ⅴ

Activity1

1.had our car parked  get our car battery charged  

2.announced left 3. found ourselves very surprised 

4. had her eyes fixed on 5. had a copy of the painting boxed

Activity2　(1)trapped　(2)addicted　(3)written　(4)hidden　(5)based　(6)connected

Activity 3　excited;invited;made;received;introduced;bored

Activity 4　(1)Loch Ness,surrounded by beautiful natural landscape,looks amazing.

(2)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.

(3)The family’s ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.

(4)The young people,attracted by the legend of Loch Ness,watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.