英语Unit 5 Music导学案

2019新人教高中英语必修二

Unit5 Music--Discovering Useful Structures公开课学案

学习目标：

1. Understand the adverbial clauses and the omitting sentences; learn the functions of adverbial clauses.
2. Observe the sentences and structures and try to get rules and functions.
3. Understand the past participle as adverbial can be used to express feelings and describe situations.

学习重难点：

1. Understand the adverbial clauses and the omitting sentences; learn the functions of adverbial clauses.
2. Understand the past participle as adverbial can be used to express feeling and describe situations.

学习过程：

Part Ⅰ　Lead-in

Look at the pictures and describe them.

 The people are e　　　　　　　. The boy is a　　　　　

in reading a book. 

The boy is s　　　　　　. 

Part Ⅱ　Exploring the differences between verb-ed and verb-ing as the predicative

Observe the following sentences and find out the differences between verb-ed and verb-ing as the predicative.

1.The news that Man Wenjun took drugs was very surprising.

2.At the news that Man Wenjun took drugs,we felt surprised.

3.Your performances are satisfying.

4.I am satisfied with your performances.

5.The cup is broken.

Part Ⅲ　More Information

注意：1）.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别

过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。

The library is now closed．(状态)图书馆现在关闭了。

The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday．(动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。

2）感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别

过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。

We were amazed at what he said at the meeting．

我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。

His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged．

他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。

总结：英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词表示被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。

常用的这类词有：exciting /excited   astonishing /astonished 

delighting /delighted disappointing/disappointed encouraging/encouraged  frightening/frightened interesting/interested  moving/moved  pleased/pleasing

The man standing there looks frightening, and the little boy is frightened．

站在那里的那个人看起来很可怕，小男孩吓着了。

The news was exciting and we were excited the whole night．

这则消息令人激动，我们激动了整整一晚上。

用法2：过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语的类型

过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式/伴随和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。

1．过去分词作时间状语

过去分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。

Looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful．

→When it is looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful．

当从远处看时，这幅画似乎更美了。

Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding．

→When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding．

当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现它既有趣又有意义。

2．过去分词作原因状语

过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。

Worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days．

→Because I was worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days．

由于担心考试，我这几天感到不安。

3．过去分词作条件状语

过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。

Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast．

→If they are grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast．

如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。

Given a few minutes, I’ll finish the report．

→If I am given a few minutes, I’ll finish the report．

再给我几分钟的时间，我就会完成这个报告。

4．过去分词作让步状语

过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。

Encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties．

→Though he was encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties．

尽管受到了父母的鼓励，他仍然没有信心克服困难。

Invited by him, I won’t take part in the party．

→Though I was invited by him, I won’t take part in the party．

即使被他邀请，我也不会参加聚会。

5．过去分词作方式/伴随状语

过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。

The patient got off the bed, supported by the nurse．

→The patient got off the bed, and he was supported by the nurse．

那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。

She accepted the gift, deeply moved．

→She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved．

她接受了礼物，深深地被感动了。

注意：有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost(迷路); seated(坐); hidden(躲); lost/absorbed in(沉溺于); dressed in(穿着); tired of(厌烦)。

Lost in thought, he didn’t hear the bell．

由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。

PartⅣ Practice using past participles as the predicative

Activity 1　Linda is talking with her father.Use the correct form of the verb to fill in each blank.

Activity 2　Play a game

Everyone says a sentence with past participles as the predicative(Let’s see which group speaks fast and well). (参考词汇:excited,frightened,puzzled,astonished,interested,pleased,delighted,disappointed,lost,satisfied,surprised,worried,tired,broken...)

PartⅤ Learning the usage of past participles serving as the adverbial

Activity 1　Look at the following sentences and underline the past participles.In pairs,discuss their functions.

1.Born in the USA on 2 January 1970,Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.

2.Moved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”

3.Inspired,he asked his fans to make videos,which he then joined together into one performance.

Activity 2　Observe the sentences again and figure out the relationship between the understood subject of the verb-ed and the subject of the main clause.

1.Born in the USA on 2 January 1970,Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.

2.Moved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”

3.Inspired,he asked his fans to make videos,which he then joined together into one performance.

Activity 3　Observe the following sentences and think about what meaning the verb-ed phrases express.

1.Asked why he was against cloning humans,the scientist explained that it might lead to disaster.

2.Shocked by the article,the woman wrote a letter to the newspaper.

3.Heated,the metal will expand.

Activity 4　Rewrite the following sentences using past participles as the adverbial and think about what the differences between the original sentences and the rewritten ones are.

1.Henry was highly interested in music and began to write original compositions when he was in high school.

2.They were pleased with his music and songs and finally invited him to perform in the Silver Hall.

3.Though he was affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance,Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.

4.When he got absorbed in his world of music,he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him,like he had in his previous life.

Activity 5　Summary

Please draw a mind map to show the features of the past participles serving as the adverbial in the sentences.

Part Ⅵ　Consolidation

Activity 1:Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.

Well known as a successful band,the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities.They never ever give up.When 　　　　　　　　(question) by the media,they are not 　　　　　　　(discourage) and practise even harder.They are improving themselves by attending several master training classes.They are united.

________________(fill with) team spirit,they act as a whole,always aiming for glory. 

Activity 2:

1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good.

因为写得匆忙, 这篇文章不是很好。

2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before.

他仔细读书时, 发现了一些从前不知道的东西。

3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.

当被问及他为什么要这么做时, 班长说这是他的职责。

参考答案：

Part Ⅰ

excited;absorbed;surprised

These words serve as the predicative in the sentences.They modify the subject of the sentences like an adjective,showing the state of the subject.

Part Ⅱ

动词-ing形式作表语时,句子主语多是物,它表示给别人造成的感觉,表示主动意义。而过去分词作表语时,句子主语多是人,表示主语的感受,表示被动意义;句子主语是物时,表示主语所处的状态。

Part Ⅳ

Activity 1　

(1)tired　(2)burned　(3)bored　(4)disappointing　(5)pleased　(6)challenging　(7)relaxed

Activity 2

The girl is frightened to see snakes.

I am puzzled at the math problem.

Most middle school students are interested in reading English novels.

I am delighted to hear from you.

Tom felt disappointed to hear that his invitation was turned down.

My mother is not worried about my study.

PartⅤ

Activity 1　

1. Born

2. Moved

3. Inspired

These past participles serve as the adverbial.

Activity 2

A verb-ed form has an understood subject.The understood subject is usually the same as the subject of the main clause.The verb-ed form is passive in meaning.

These sentences can be rewritten like this:

1.Whitacre was born in the USA on 2 January 1970,and he began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.

2.He was moved by this music and said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”

3.He was inspired,and he asked his fans to make videos,which he then joined together into one performance.

Activity 3

1.The verb-ed phrase “Asked why...” expresses “time”.It can be changed into an adverbial clause,“When he was asked why he was against cloning humans”.

2.The verb-ed phrase “Shocked by...” expresses “reason”.It can be changed into an adverbial clause,“Because she was shocked by the article”.

3.The verb-ed “Heated ” expresses “condition”.It can be changed into an adverbial clause,“If the metal is heated”.

Activity 4

1.Highly interested in music,Henry began to write original compositions when he was in high school.

2.Pleased with his music and songs,they finally invited him to perform in the Silver Hall.

3.Though affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance,Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.

4.Absorbed in his world of music,he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him,like he had in his previous life.

改写后的句子在表达上更为简洁和凝练,是一种较高级的语言组织方式,同时突出了句子的表达重心,在正式文体中使用较多。

Activity 5　Summary

Part Ⅵ

Activity1:questioned;discouraged;Filled with

Activity 2:

1. Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.

2. Reading carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before.

3. Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.