【同步讲义】人教版英语九年级全一册-Unit 10 课时4 Writing 讲义

Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands

知识点01  思路点拨

本单元话题是“风俗礼仪”，围绕这一话题谈论不同国家的礼仪，如见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等，谈论在不同的场合应该做什么，了解不同国家的文化习俗。要求同学们能简单介绍不同国家人们见面时的礼仪习俗及日常生活中的习俗。最能体现本单元话题以及语言运用能力的作文为介绍不同国家风俗习惯的短文、书信或邮件等。

体裁：应用文(书信)；信的主体部分为说明文                    

时态：一般现在时

人称：回信主体内容是给别人提建议，所以应该以第二人称you为主。

知识点02  必背单词组和句型

见面礼仪：custom, meet, visit, should, be different from, shake hands, be (not) supposed to, be expected to, first,second.then, finally smile and say “nihao", not kiss or hug, ·introduce younger ones to older ones, introduce men to women

餐桌礼仪：start to eat until everyone is at the table, not start eating first if there are older people at the table, not stick your chopsticks into your food, lay your chopsticks on your plate or bowl, not point at anyone with your chopsticks,not make any noise when you eat your soup, not speak with your mouth full of food, not hit an empty bowl with your chopsticks, accept it when the host

待客与做客礼仪：serve some fruit, offer some tea, receive the gift / present with two hands, not open the gift / present until the guests leave, use serving chopsticks or spoons to give out food call first before visiting your friend, knock on the door before entering the room, not leave without saying goodbye, arrive on time, bring some gifts /presents, express your thanks to the hosts when you leave

“介绍风俗类”作文常用句型:

1. It's polite to...

2. It' s impolite / rude to ... ..

3. You should/shouldn't...

4. You' re (not) supposed to ...

5. You' re (not) expected to ...

6. It' s important to ...

7.Don't...

8.Never...

9. Remember (not) to ...

10. You' d better (not)...

11.One important thing is that …

12. Another  example is that …

13. Also, …   / What’s more,  / besides, / for example, if, when, althouth, so…

“介绍风俗类”作文常用常用习语

When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。

“After you” is good manners. “您先请”是礼貌。

Custom is the guide of the ignorant.习俗是无知者的向导。

Custom makes all things easy.若照习俗办，万事皆不难。 

知识点03  写作指导

书信的写法：

称呼Dear…， 左起顶格。

正文换行顶格，是信的核心部分。正文层次分明、简单易懂。

祝福话语在正文下换行顶格写， 如: Best wishes! Take care! Happy New Year! Happy Birthday!等。

结束语在正文下的一、二行处，第一个词开头大写，句末用逗号。如：Yours, Your loving…, Sincerely yours, Yours sincerely或Sincerely；在结尾语下面的署名亲自签名，不加标点符号。

知识点04  提纲

知识点04  范文

Dear Mark,

You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you’re eating at the table, it’s impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food. You’re supposed to lay them on your plate or bowl. It’s polite to accept it when the host adds food to your plate or bowl. Don’t point at anyone with your chopsticks. Don’t make any noise when you eat your soup.

In our house, you’re supposed to speak to the old people politely. When you greet the host and his other family members, you shouldn’t kiss or hug them. Instead, you’re supposed to shake hands with them. We usually do that. You should follow our customs.

When you go out with people, you should tell the host where you are going and who you are going with. It’s important to come back home by 10:00 p.m., or the host will worry about you.

Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon!

Best wishes,

Li Hua

亲爱的马克，

你一定很快就要来中国了。让我给你一些关于中国习俗的建议和建议。当你在餐桌上吃饭时，把筷子插入食物是不礼貌的。你应该把它们放在盘子或碗里。当主人把食物加到你的盘子或碗里时，接受是礼貌的。不要用筷子指着任何人。喝汤时不要发出任何声音。

在我们家里，你应该礼貌地和老人说话。当你问候主人和其他家庭成员时，你不应该亲吻或拥抱他们。相反，你应该和他们握手。我们通常这样做。你应该遵守我们的习俗。

当你和人出去时，你应该告诉主人你要去哪里，和谁一起去。晚上10点之前回家很重要，否则主人会担心你。

祝你一路平安，我期待着很快见到你！

最美好的祝福，

李华

范文赏析

假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Dale发来电子邮件，想了解中国人的一些社交习俗。请你根据以下要点提示给他回复一封电子邮件，从四个方面进行介绍。

要点提示：1. 与他人初次见面时； 2. 客人来访时； 3. 接受礼物时 4. 赴宴时。

要求：1. 词数90左右，电子邮件的格式、开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Dale,

Glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce some Chinese customs to you.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________

Anyhow, different cultures have different customs. Could you please tell me some customs in your country?

Yours,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear Dale,

Glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce some Chinese customs to you.

In China, when we meet others for the first time, we usually say “Hello” and shake hands. We don’t hug or kiss each other. When visitors come to our homes, we always serve some fruit and offer some tea. But it’s not polite to pour too much or too little tea into the cup. When we accept gifts, we must use both hands to take them. And we usually say “It’s unnecessary” before finally accepting a gift to show politeness. If we are invited to a party, we are supposed to arrive on time.

Anyhow, different cultures have different customs. Could you please tell me some customs in your country?

Yours,

Li Hua

亲爱的戴尔，

很高兴收到你的来信。现在让我向你介绍一些中国习俗。

在中国，当我们第一次见到别人时，我们通常会说“你好”并握手。我们不拥抱或亲吻对方。当游客来到我们家时，我们总是提供一些水果和茶。但在杯子里倒太多或太少的茶是不礼貌的。当我们接受礼物时，我们必须用双手去接受。在最后接受礼物之前，我们通常会说“没必要”，以示礼貌。如果我们被邀请参加聚会，我们应该准时到达。

无论如何，不同的文化有不同的习俗。你能告诉我你们国家的一些风俗习惯吗？

你的

李华

题组A  基础过关练

1．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）假如你是李华， 你的一位笔友约翰发来一封邮件， 说他下星期来中国，他向你询问中国的餐桌礼仪。请你至少用三种句式写五条中国的餐桌礼仪。

1. ______________________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________________

【答案】例文

1. In China, you’re not supposed to stick your chopsticks into the food.

2. In China, the youngest person isn’t expected to start eating first.

3. In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl.

4. In China, it’s impolite to point at anyone with your chopsticks.

5. In China, you shouldn’t reach across the table to pick certain foods. (合理即可)

【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示要点，写出中国的餐桌礼仪方面的建议，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。

2. 写作指导：写作时要用不同的句式介绍，应该用第二人称来介绍；时态采用一般现在时，提出建议可以多用情态动词；介绍时文字要简洁，内容要明确，无语法和单词错误。

2．（2022·山东枣庄·中考真题）假如你是李华，你的笔友Mark将要来你家做客，向你寻问如何在中国举止得当。请根据下面的提示，给Mark写一封80~100词的回信。把答案写在答题卡上相应位置。（可能用到的单词：chopsticks筷子）

1. 见面礼仪。        2. 餐桌礼仪。          3. 外出礼仪。

   Dear Mark,

I am glad to hear that you are coming to China soon. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in China.

When you come to my house, __________________________________________________________

When you are eating with us, __________________________________________________________

Before you go outside, __________________________________________________________

A safe trip to you and I hope to meet you soon!

       Best wishes,

Li Hua

【答案】例文

Dear Mark,

I am glad to hear that you are coming to China soon. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in China.

When you come to my house, you need to buy some small gifts, such as some fruit. This is the basic etiquette for Chinese guests when they visit others.

When you are eating with us, you should let the elders move their chopsticks first before we eat. Don’t make too much noise while eating. It’s impolite to point at others with your chopsticks or stick your chopsticks into the food.

Before you go outside, you need to say goodbye to others. It’s polite.

A safe trip to you and I hope to meet you soon!

Best wishes,

Li Hua

【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文。根据提示内容，给Mark一封信，告诉他如何在中国举止得当。

2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般现在时；人称以第二人称为主。写作时需包含三个要点：见面礼仪；餐桌礼仪；外出礼仪。承接作文每段开头，展开叙述，确保语句通顺，无单词语法错误。

题组B  能力提升练

3．（2019·内蒙古通辽·中考真题）假定你是李华，有一位美国交换生要来你校学习，他想了解中国春节和美国圣诞节的异同。请你根据他的要求写一篇80词左右的作文。内容包含风俗、庆祝活动等相关内容。

要求：

1. 思路清晰，语句通顺，书写规范。

2. 不得出现自己的真实信息。

3. 题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。

The Spring Festival and Christmas

The Spring Festival is the most traditional festival in China. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】例文

The Spring Festival and Christmas

The Spring Festival is the most traditional festival in China. It falls in January or February. While Christmas is the most important day in America. It’s on December 25th.

The two festivals have much in common. People in both countries always prepare beforehand to welcome the festivals. They clean and decorate houses. Paper cuttings are popular in China. Americans decorate Christmas trees with colorful lights, balls, stars and so on. They buy lovely presents and make delicious food. On that day, all the families have a big dinner together.

In China, children get lucky money from parents or grandparents. In America, all the children look forward to Father Christmas, because he brings them presents.

Everyone has a good time during the festivals.

【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求写一篇80词左右的作文，介绍中国春节和美国圣诞节的异同。

2.写作指导：本文主要以第三人称写作，时态主要为一般现在时。通过介绍人们的风俗习惯和庆祝活动等来说明中国春节和美国圣诞节的异同。注意时态的正确使用以及选择恰当的连词，使文章自然流畅。

4．（2022·四川·富顺第三中学校三模）假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom要到中国来，他想了解中国的风俗习惯，请你写一篇短文向他介绍中国的风俗习惯。包括：表达问候，与人就餐，参加聚会等。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom,

I’m glad to hear that you’ll come to China. You said you wanted to learn about the customs in China. Now, let me tell you something about them.

China is a country with a long history, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

When in Rome, do as the Romans do. And you’ll have a great time in China.

【答案】例文：

Dear Tom,

I’m glad to hear that you’ll come to China. You said you wanted to learn about the customs in China. Now, let me tell you something about them.

China is a country with a long history and there are many customs in China. Now let me introduce some to you.

When you meet friends, you should greet each other and just say “hello”, instead of shaking hands frequently. When you eat at a friend’s home, you should use your right hand to hold chopsticks. It is best not to make noise when eating. It’s polite to eat all the food in your bowl. Don’t knock bowls or plates with chopsticks. This is impolite. After dinner, the host usually makes tea for the guests. When you leave, you should say goodbye to the host politely. If your friends invite you to the party, you’d better arrive a little earlier, 5 to 10 minutes in advance. You can bring a small gift to your friends. But your friends won’t open presents immediately. This is different from other foreign countries.

When in Rome, do as the Romans do. If you obey these, I think you’ll have a great time in China.

【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示要点，介绍中国的一些风俗习惯，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。

2. 写作指导：写作时要与已给出的开头和结尾融合起来，本文应该用第二人称来介绍内容；时态采用一般现在时，提出建议可以多用情态动词；在介绍内容时，力求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。

题组C  培优拔尖练

5．假设你是肖伟，你的笔友Ivan将要来中国做交换生，他想了解中国的餐桌礼仪。请根据表格中的提示给笔友写一封回信。

要求：

1.根据表格提示进行写作，可适当发挥；

2.词数：80左右。（开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。）

Dear Ivan,You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me introduce our Chinese table manners.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes!

Yours,

Xiao Wei

【答案】例文

Dear Ivan,

You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me introduce our Chinese table manners. When you’re eating, it’s polite to let the elderly start first. And you are expected to keep your mouth closed while chewing. If you want to leave early, please ask for permission.

There are also some other things you should remember. First, it’s impolite to stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice and leave them there. Second, it’s not allowed to point at others with your chopsticks. Finally, you’re not supposed to reach across the table to pick foods.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Xiao Wei

【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求根据表格提示写回信向笔友介绍中国的餐桌礼仪。

2.写作指导：写作时要以第二人称为主，时态采用一般现在时。正文可分为三段式：第一段介绍就餐时做什么事情是礼貌的；第二段介绍做什么事情是不礼貌的；最后一段收尾表达祝愿。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。

6． 假如你叫李华，三个月以后要去英国参加为期半年的交换生学习项目。请你给英国的笔友Leo发一封电子邮件，就英国社交礼仪方面的问题（衣着、接受邀请、赠送礼物等），请他给你一些建议。

要求：词数80左右。电子邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：正装 formal clothes

Dear Leo,

I am writing to ask for some information about British customs. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I will be very grateful if you can give me any advice. I’m looking forward to your reply.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

【答案】例文：

Dear Leo,

I am writing to ask for same information about British customs.

I will go to Britain and attend a student exchange program which will last for half a year. However, I know little about British customs, so I need your help. Would you like to give me some advice on dressing? What clothes am I supposed to wear? Do I have to wear formal clothes? Besides, I also want to know about accepting invitations and giving gifts. Must I be on time for dinner? Should I always bring a small gift?

I will be very grateful if you can give me any advice. I’m looking forward to your reply.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一封电子邮件，假如你叫李华，请你给英国的笔友Leo发一封电子邮件，向他询问一些关于英国社交礼仪方面的问题，请他给你一些建议。要求要点覆盖全面，可适当扩充。

2. 写作指导：本文用到的一般将来时和一般现在时态，人称用第一人称。文章开头已给出，写作时，注意承接上文，写作中注意表达观点时的常用句式，注意在表达不同观点时，连词的使用。内容上应注意描述的全面性；语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯。