初中英语外研版 (新标准)九年级上册Unit 3 Language in use优秀导学案

Module 12 Save our world

Unit 3  Language in use

语构词法——派生法

有些英语单词是由词缀和词根构成的。在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法，是英语构词法中最活跃的一种。词缀分为前缀和后缀。派生法也是我们可以发挥能动性从而扩大词汇量的一种方法。大多数情况下，前缀往往改变词根的词义，而后缀更多的是改变词根的词性。

下面是我们学过的部分常用前缀和后缀：

1．前缀

(1)in­， im­， un­， il­， ir­用在形容词前，表示否定意义。如：inexpensive不昂贵的，impossible 不可能的，unable未能， unhealthy 不健康的， illegal非法的， irregular 不规则的

(2)re­用在动词前，表示“重新，再”。如：rebuild 重建， recycle再利用， rewrite 重写

(3)dis­表示意义相反，主要用在动词之前，有时也用于名词和形容词前。如：disappear 消失， dislike 不喜欢， disobey 不遵守， disbelieve不相信， disadvantage不利条件， dishonest 不诚实的

2．后缀

(1)­ous(n.→adj.)表示“具有……性质的”。如： nervous 紧张的， famous出名的， dangerous危险的， mountainous 多山的， humorous 幽默的

(2)­less (n.→adj.)表示“没有……的”。如： jobless 失业的，homeless 无家可归的，hopeless 无望的

(3)­able (n./v.→adj.) 表示“可以……的；显示……性质的”。如： comfortable舒服的， valuable 有价值的， fashionable时尚的

(4)­ful (n./v.→adj.) 表示“充满……的”。如：beautiful 美丽的， successful 成功的， wonderful 精彩的， hopeful有希望的

(5)­ment(v.→adj.)表示“……的行为”。如development发展，agreement协议

(6)­ly(adj.→adv./n.→adj.)表示“以……方式；具有……性质”。如：happily幸福地，friendly友好的

(7)­tion(v.→n.)表示“……行为”。如：invitation邀请，competition竞赛

(8)­ed(n./v.→adj.)表示“有……的”。如：interested感兴趣的，excited兴奋的

Ⅰ.用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空

throw away, healthy, in this way, try one's best to, take part in, hope, be good for, use

1．New studies say that eating chocolate may ________________ your heart.

2．Please sort out(挑选出) what you want and ________________ the rest.

3．He still works very hard although he feels ________________ these days.

4．We should collect the waste paper because we can ________________ it.

5．His future doesn't seem very ________________ because he is too lazy.

6．Only ________________ can we win the game.

7．A good teacher always ________________ answer his students' questions.

8．She will go to Shanghai to ________________ an important discussion this weekend.

Ⅱ.完形填空

When I was a kid, I used to ride my mountain bike everywhere. It was one of my favourite things to do. But as I __1__， I stopped riding my bike. Once I entered a university in Australia, I didn't even own a bike anymore. It can be very __2__ to ride a bike in cities in Australia. There are not many bike paths, and cars sometimes hit cyclists and __3__ kill them. Now that I'm living in Beijing, I'm having fun on the __4__ again. I ride my bike to the gym, to the shopping mall or to the park.

It can be __5__ with lots of cars, motorbikes and people around. I always look out for traffic __6__ I am turning or crossing the road. I never ride too fast. Riding bikes __7__ me feel comfortable and it is a fun way to explore the city!

I start to use Mobike, too. __8__ weekends, my friend and I sometimes ride Mobikes to the Olympic Park. Apps like Mobike make it easy and cheap for __9__ to ride.

If we all try to ride bikes often and drive less, there will be less __10__. So what are you waiting for? Get on a bike and ride with me!

(　　)1.A.got up    B．put up  C．grew up    D．set up

(　　)2.A.dangerous   B．successful  C．useful    D．exciting

(　　)3.A.neither   B．besides  C．however   D．even

(　　)4.A.bus    B．bike   C．car     D．plane

(　　)5.A.smart    B．cheap   C．scary    D．similar

(　　)6.A.because   B．when   C．though    D．until

(　　)7.A.makes    B．agrees  C．happens    D．catches

(　　)8.A.From    B．With   C．Under    D．On

(　　)9.A.none    B．everyone  C．everything   D．anything

(　　)10.A.service   B．oil   C．pollution   D．advice

Ⅲ.用所给单词的适当形式完成短文

I can't remember when I started collecting litter. It was when I got tired of 1.________ (see) litter nearby that I realised that no one else 2.________(be) going to pick it up.

I live near a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there in three minutes! I used to love going there 3.________(play) with my dog. But one day there was so much litter there that I became very unhappy. I decided I had to clean up the forest, and I wanted to feel happy going there again. I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes later, my bag was 4.________ (fill) with litter! There were cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.

From then on, I go to the forest four times a month 5.________ (pick) up litter. I'm often there for three hours. It makes me 6.________ (feel) great to do something for the environment. After each trip, I look at all the litter that I've found. If any of it is 7.________(recycle), I keep it. I can't understand why people drop litter. But I will keep 8.________ (pick) it up until people stop 9.________ (drop) it. I know I'm only doing a small bit 10.________(help) the earth, but I still think it's important.