统考版2024版高考英语一轮复习第二部分小组合环带练练习58短文改错+阅读理解

这是一份统考版2024版高考英语一轮复习第二部分小组合环带练练习58短文改错+阅读理解，共6页。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
ReadingArt: ArtfrBkLvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject—the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld. The image f the reader appears thrughut histry, in art made lng befre bks as we nw knw them came int being. In artists' representatins f bks and reading, we see mments f shared humanity that g beynd culture and time.
In this “bk f bks，” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. Adults are prtrayed (描绘) alne in many settings and pses—absrbed in a vlume, deep in thught r lst in a mment f leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate__t．
Bks themselves may be used symblically in paintings t demnstrate the intellect (才智), wealth r faith f the subject. Befre the wide use f the printing press, bks were treasured bjects and culd be wrks f art in their wn right. Mre recently, as bks have becme inexpensive r even thrwaway, artists have used them as the raw material fr artwrks—transfrming cvers, pages r even cmplete vlumes int paintings and sculptures.
Cntinued develpments in cmmunicatin technlgies were nce believed t make the printed page utdated. Frm a 21st­century pint f view, the printed bk is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery­pwered e­reader. T serve its functin, a bk must be activated by a user: the cver pened, the pages parted, the cntents reviewed, perhaps ntes written dwn r wrds underlined. And in cntrast t ur increasingly netwrked lives where the infrmatin we cnsume is mnitred and tracked, a printed bk still ffers the chance f a whlly private, “ff­line” activity.
1．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．An intrductin t a bk.
B．An essay n the art f writing.
C．A guidebk t a museum.
D．A review f mdern paintings.
2．What are the selected artwrks abut?
A．Wealth and intellect. B．Hme and schl.
C．Bks and reading. D．Wrk and leisure.
3．What d the underlined wrds “relate t” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Understand. B．Paint.
C．Seize. D．Transfrm.
4．What des the authr want t say by mentining the e­reader?
A．The printed bk is nt ttally ut f date.
B．Technlgy has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are netwrked.
D．Peple nw rarely have the patience t read.
B
On March 7，1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the “wisdm f crwds” effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren't always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn't cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple's estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple's errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
But a new study led by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting twist (转折) n this classic phenmenn. The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals.
In a fllw­up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn't the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether.” Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr.
Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin­making are enrmus.
5．What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A．The methds f estimatin.
B．The underlying lgic f the effect.
C．The causes f peple's errrs.
D．The design f Galtn's experiment.
6．Navajas' study fund that the average accuracy culd increase even if ________．
A．the crwds were relatively small
B．there were ccasinal underestimates
C．individuals did nt cmmunicate
D．estimates were nt fully independent
7．What did the fllw­up study fcus n?
A．The size f the grups.
B．The dminant members.
C．The discussin prcess.
D．The individual estimates.
8．What is the authr's attitude tward Navajas' studies?
A.Unclear. B．Dismissive.
C．Dubtful. D．Apprving.
答题策略
短文改错——词语辨析
练习58 短文改错＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.短文改错
答案：
I began diving I was abut 12. I learned t dive in my hmetwn when I was hliday. My parents went there explre the undergrund lakes. My brther and I sitting arund n the beach, getting bred, s we tk a diving curse. Then we did ur first dive in the “easy” lakes while my were explring the dangerus places. It wasn t undergrund and the sun was shining in thrugh an pening in the rf f the cave. It was really calm beautiful. I felt like staying all day!
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
1．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“ReadingArt: ArtfrBkLvers is a celebratin... three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld”可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。故选A。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
3．答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments (这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate t”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery­pwered e­reader (它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”以及“printed bk still ffers the chance f a whlly private, ff­line activity (印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的离线活动的机会)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立评估的平均值可能是相当准确的。
5．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn. (这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，有些会低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生一个更准确的评估。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的评估是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，评估的准确性就会下降)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的评估，讨论了独立评估的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
6．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple s estimates be independent. (用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的评估是独立的)”和第三段的“The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals. (这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的评估中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确)”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在评估数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a fllw­up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? (在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的评估最有信心的人？他们是否追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人呢)”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
8．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin­making are enrmus. (尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策性的潜在影响是巨大的)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策性的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。
2023·包头四中月考
★★★☆☆
2023·新课标Ⅱ卷
说明文
300词
★★★★☆
2023·新课标Ⅰ卷
说明文
307词
★★★★☆
常见词语辨析错误
①
many修饰或代替可数名词复数；much修饰或代替不可数名词
②
“时间段＋ag”相对现在多久以前；“时间段＋befre”相对过去多久以前
③
sme用于肯定句；any用于疑问句和否定句
④
s与very均可修饰形容词或副词的原级，much多修饰比较级，very much修饰动词
⑤
ever“从来，在任何时候，曾经”；never“从来不”
⑥
latest为形容词，意为“最新的”；later作副词表示“较晚地；后来”，与表示时间的词连用，表示“……之后”
⑦
beside为介词，表示“在……旁边”；besides为副词，表示“除此以外”
⑧
used t d sth.“过去常常做某事”；be used t ding sth.“习惯做某事”
⑨
n相当于nt a或nt any；nt否定动词