Unit 3 单词详解 素材-高中英语牛津译林版（）必修第一册

Unit 3
1. on the rocks (关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃
Sue's marriage is on the rocks. 苏的婚姻触礁。
2. awkward [ˈɔːkwəd] adj.局促不安的；令人尴尬的;难对付的;笨拙的
→ awkwardly adv. awkwardness n.
3. sight [saɪt] n.视野;视力;看见
catch sight of 看见，发现
lose sight of something忽略；不再看见
at first sight乍一看；初看时；
in sight ; within sight看得见的 ,在视线范围内
out of sight看不见，在视线范围外
know sb by sight与某人面熟，只知其人
4. out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线
5. original [əˈrɪdʒənl] adj.起初的;独创的;原作的
→originally adv.
→originate /əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt/ vi. 起源；发源 +in/from sp/sth
6. medium [ˈmiːdiəm]n.传播信息的媒介,方法;手段,工具
adj.中等的;中号的
→pl. media or mediums
in the long/short/medium term长 / 短 / 中期内;
7. social media 社交媒体
8. make it 能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
I believe I have the talent to make it.
make out 1.辨认出，看出2.理解，了解，明白3.填写（表格，资料）
make both ends meet 使收支相抵，量入为出
make up 1.编造，虚构2.组成，构成，占（分数，百分数）3.补充，补足（弥补）4.化妆
make one’s day 使某人一天都很愉快
9. horrible [ˈhɒrəbl] adj.令人震惊的;可恶的;极坏的
10. chat [tʃæt] vi.&n.闲聊;聊天
chat up与…搭讪；与…调情
chat to/with sb about sth/sb
have a chat with sb
11. cafe [ˈkæfeɪ] n.咖啡馆;小餐馆
12. recover [rɪˈkʌvə(r)] vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回;寻回；
recover from sth →recovery n.恢复；痊愈; 取回；收回
13. respond [rɪˈspɒnd] vi.&vt. 回答;回应;响应;作出反应
respond to sb/sth
response [rɪˈspɒns] n.回复;反应，响应
in response to 作为对…的答复/回应/反应
14. loss [lɒs] n.失去，丧失;亏损;去世;损失
a sense of loss loss of sight blood loss=loss of blood 失血
Sth is a big loss to sb.
15. at a loss不知所措；困惑
His comments left me at a loss for words .
他的评论让我不知说什么才好。
I'm at a loss what to do next. 我对下一步做什么心里没谱。
16. judge [dʒʌdʒ] vt.&vi.评价，（尤指）批评；判断，认为 n.法官;裁判员
Don't judge a book by its cover. 勿以貌取人；勿只凭外表判断
As far as I can judge, all of them are to blame. 依我看，他们都应承担责任。
Judging by/from her last letter, they are having a wonderful time. 从她上封信看，他们过得非常愉快。
To judge from what he said,he was very disappointed. 从他的话判断，他非常失望。
17. in the wrong 有错，应承担责任
The motorcyclist was clearly in the wrong. 骑摩托车的人显然对事故负有责任。
We think there's something wrong with the computer.
我们认为计算机出了问题。
We think something is wrong or goes wrong with the computer.
do sb wrong =do wrong to sb冤枉某人，对待某人不公平
18. apologize [əˈpɒlədʒaɪz] vi.道歉;谢罪
apologize to sb for sth
→apology n. make an apology to sb for sth
You owe him an apology for what you said. 你要为你所说的话向他道歉。
19. behavior [bɪ'heɪvjə(r)] n.行为，举止，态度[ U ]
His behaviour towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.
他对待她的态度越来越蛮横。
→behave /bɪˈheɪv/ vi.表现 behave oneself 表现得体；有礼貌
20. case [keɪs] n.具体情况;事例;案例;容器
in case (…)以防；以防万一;假如，如果
You'd better take the keys in case I'm out. 你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。
In case he comes, let me know.
in case of sth 如果；假使；
in that case既然那样；假使那样的话as is often the case 这是常有的事
21. in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
22. frank [fræŋk] adj.直率的;坦率的
be frank with sb be frank about sth对…直言不讳
frankness n.
23. definitely [ˈdefɪnətli] adv.肯定;确实;确切地
24. trick [trɪk] vt.欺骗;欺诈n.诡计;花招;戏法
trick sb into sth/into doing sth诱使某人做某事；
trick sb out of sth从某人处骗走某物；
trick or treat是请吃糖，还是想遭殃；不给糖就捣蛋（万圣节时儿童挨家索要糖果用语，扬言若不给糖就捣乱戏弄别人）
playing tricks on sb 捉弄某人
25. let go of放弃，摒弃；松手，放开
26. ignore [ɪɡˈnɔː(r)] vt.忽视;对…不予理会
→ignorant adj （对某事物）不了解的；无知的；愚昧的
be ignorant of/about sth
ignorance n. (+of/about sth) in ignorance of 对…一无所知
27. suffer [ˈsʌfə(r)] vi.受苦，受折磨;变差 vt.遭受;蒙受
suffer from患…病；遭受…之苦
28. misunderstand [ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd] vt.&vi 误解;误会
( misunderstood， misunderstood )
29. contact [ˈkɒntækt] vt.&n.联系，联络
make contact with sb与某人取得联系
keep in contact with sb=be in contact with sb
lose contact with sb
be out of contact with sb
30. explode [ɪkˈspləʊd] vi.(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt.使爆炸
explode with/in anger 勃然大怒，大发雷霆
31. generous [ˈdʒenərəs]adj.宽宏大量的;仁慈的;慷慨的
be generous with your time 不吝惜时间
be generous in giving help/to give help 乐于助人
It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.
他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。
→generously adj. →generosity /ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti/ n.
32. count on 依赖，依靠，指望
I'm counting on your help.
I'm counting on you to help me.
I'm counting on you/your helping me.我就靠你帮我啦。
33. eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏
His constant criticism ate away at her self-confidence.
他不断的批评使她逐渐丧失了自信心
34. shallow [ˈʃæləʊ] adj.肤浅的;浅薄的;浅的
shallowly adv. shallowness n.
35. blog [blɒɡ] n.网志;博客
36. come between...and... 损害...之间的关系，离间；妨碍
come between sb and sb
I'd hate anything to come between us.
我不喜欢任何有损我们之间关系的事情。
when it comes to sth/to doing sth当提及/谈到某事（或做某事）时
come across sb/sth（偶然）遇见，碰见，发现
come by （为看望某人）作短暂拜访；走过，经过
come by sth得到，获得

37. in person 亲自，亲身
→personal 个人的
→personally就本人而言；本人,亲自; 个别地,单个地
take sth personally认为某事针对自己而不悦
38. theme [θiːm] n.主题;主旋律
39. *slave [sleɪv] n.奴隶
be a slave to/of sth 是完全受（某事物）控制的人；
是完全依赖（某事物）的人；成为…的奴隶
40. *raft [rɑːft] n.筏;木排
41. high point 最有意思（或最令人愉快、最好）的部分
highlight n.最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分
42. through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦;
无论什么状况，在任何情况下
He's supported the team for over ten years through thick and thin.
十多年来，在任何情况下他都支持这个队。
43. opinion [əˈpɪnjən]n.意见;看法;(群体的)观点，信仰
44. in one’s opinion 在某人看来
45. quality [ˈkwɒləti] n.品质，素质;质量；特征adj.优质的;高质量的
be of good quality质量好
quantity /ˈkwɒntəti/ n.数量
a quantity of +可数名词复数+谓语动词复数
a quantity of +不可数名词+谓语动词单数
quantities of +可数名词复数/不可数名词+谓语动词复数
46. basis [ˈbeɪsɪs] n.基础;原因;基准
base sth on/upon sth→be based on sth
on the basis of on the basis that
on a regular basis
lay a solid foundation for…
47. respect [rɪˈspekt] vt.尊敬;尊重 n.尊敬;敬意;重视
in respect of sth =concerning =with respect to sth关于；就…而言；
show respect for sb/sth表现出对…的尊重
lack respect for sb/sth缺乏对…的尊重
treat sb/sth with respect对某人尊重
48. get over克服；恢复常态
get over ①.爬过（墙头）②.克服（困难）③.从……中恢复过来
49. efficient [ɪˈfɪʃnt] adj.效率高的;有功效的
→efficiently adv.→efficiency n.效率；效能；功效
efficient adj. 有效率的，高效能的〔既可指人也可指事物，强调不浪费时间、金钱、能源等的〕
effective adj. 有效的，起作用的〔指有效用的或能产生预期效果的〕；
50. extra [ˈekstrə] adj.额外的;分外的;附加的adv.额外;另外;特别;格外

51. bring out①使显现，使表现出②把…拿/带出来
③推出（新产品），出版（书籍）⑷阐明
bring up ① 抚养；养育②提出（讨论等）③呕吐
bring about 导致，引起
52. measure [ˈmeʒə(r)] vt.估量，判定;测量;（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为 n.措施;衡量
made to measure 量身订制的 clothes made to measure
make sth to one’s (own) measure 按照某人自己的尺寸做…
53. reflection [rɪˈflekʃn] n.沉思;反射;映像;反映
reflection n. 影像，倒影〔指从镜子、水面等反射出来的影像〕
on reflection经过审慎的思考
reflect vt.(1)反映；(2)映出（影像）;(3)反射（声、光、热等）;
(4)认真思考vi. reflect on/upon sth
54. seek [siːk] vi.试图；寻找;争取 vt. 寻求;寻找→sought,sought
seek (for) sth/sb sth/sb 寻找
seek sb's help 请求某人的帮助
seek sb's advice征求某人的建议=seek advice from sb
seek to do sth 试图/设法做某事
seek sb/sth out挑选出；物色;
seek your fortune (literary) 外出寻找发财机会；外出闯荡；闯世界
55. escape [ɪˈskeɪp] vi.& vt.逃脱;躲避；逃跑;避开，避免；被遗忘
n.逃脱，逃离
escape from/out of 逃跑，逃走，摆脱
escape punishment
There was no escaping the fact that he was overweight.
他身体超重这一事实是无法回避的
He narrowly escaped being killed. 他险些丧命。
I had a narrow escape. 我是死里逃生。
56. smooth out/away消除（问题），克服（困难）
smooth vt.使平整,使平坦
adj.平整的,平坦的; 顺利的；平稳的;流畅的→smoothly
57. be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应该做某事
mean to do sth mean doing sth mean sb to do sth
Sth be meant for sb.
58. benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt]n.优势;益处;成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
benefit sb
benefit from/by sth来自…的好处；从…中获益;
for one's benefit为了某人的利益;
be of benefit to sb=be beneficial to sb
to sb's benefit对某人有益;
59. comfort [ˈkʌmfət] vt.抚慰;宽慰 n.舒适,安慰[ U ]; 令人感到安慰的人（或事物）[ sing. ]
It's a comfort to know that she is safe.
知道她安然无恙是令人宽慰的事。
→comfortable使人舒服的；舒适的
comfortably 舒服地；舒适地；安逸地
comforting 令人安慰的
60. joy [dʒɔɪ] n.高兴;愉快;令人高兴的人(或事);乐趣
for/with joy 高兴得
jump for joy高兴得跳了起来
to one’s joy 使某人感到高兴的是
61. failure [ˈfeɪljə(r)] n.失败;失败的人(或事物);未履行;故障
end in failure
Failure is mother of success.
He was a failure as a teacher. 他当教师并不成功。
patients suffering from heart/kidney failure 心脏/肾衰竭的病人
a power failure 停电；电源故障
fail vi.失败；未能（做到）;未做,未履行（某事）; 不及格；
(机器；身体部位)出故障,失灵;(健康；视力)衰退; 使失望
fail in sth fail to do sth Words fail me . 我无法表达自己的感受。
62. take on 呈现，具有
take on ①呈现（新面貌）②雇用③承担（责任）④（车辆）搭载
take over 接管，接收，接任，接替
take up ①举起，拿起②占（时间、空间）③开始从事于④继续
take down ①拿下，取下②写下，记下③拆毁（建筑物），拆散（机器）
63. in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地
64. moment [ˈməʊmənt] n.时光;时机;瞬间;某个时刻
at any moment = any moment now 随时
at the moment 1.此刻，现在2.那时
for a moment 一会儿
for the moment 暂时，目前
in a moment 立刻，马上
the moment (that) + 句子 一...就...
at the last moment 在紧要关头，在最后关头
65. indeed [ɪnˈdiːd] adv.其实，实际上；的确;真正地
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
66. well-meaning [ˌwel ˈmiːnɪŋ] adj.善意的，出于好心的
67. recognize [ˈrekəɡnaɪz] vt.承认;意识到;认出;辨别出;公认,赏识,称赞
recognize sb/sth as sth 公认/承认/称赞…为…
It is generally recognized that….一般认为/普遍认为….
68. thorough [ˈθʌrə] adj.彻底的;全面的;仔细的→thoroughly
69. death [deθ] n.死;死亡;死亡状态
put sb to death处死某人 sentence/condemn sb to death 判处某人死刑
70. company [ˈkʌmpəni] n.陪伴;做伴;公司
in company with sb/sth 与…一起；与…同时；
keep sb company陪伴某人
71. crowd [kraʊd] n.一伙人;一帮人;人群vt.挤满;使拥挤 vi.聚集；挤，涌
→crowded 拥挤的；充满的；挤满的 be crowded with
72. poet [ˈpəʊɪt] n.诗人
poem /ˈpəʊɪm/ n.诗
poetic /pəʊˈetɪk/ 诗歌的；诗的; 像诗一般的；富有诗意的
73. admire [ədˈmaɪə(r)] vt.钦佩;欣赏
admire sb/sth for (doing) sth
admiration /ˌædməˈreɪʃn/ n. 钦佩，赞赏
have great admiration for sb 十分钦佩某人
in/with admiration 赞赏地
74. wine [waɪn] n.葡萄酒;果酒