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英语必修 第三册Unit 5 The Value of Money图文课件ppt
展开Sectin Ⅱ Discvering Useful Structures
Grammar——情态动词和过去将来时
探究发现①Oliver believes that with a millin-pund bank nte a man culd live a mnth in Lndn.②Yung man,wuld yu step inside a mment,please?③May we ask what yu’re ding in this cuntry and what yur plans are?④Well,yu mustn’t wrry abut that.
⑤Well,it may seem lucky t yu but nt t me!⑥Nw if yu’ll excuse me,I ught t be n my way.⑦Oh,n,yu’d better nt pen it.⑧… . and had decided t make a bet which wuld settle their argument.⑨They were ging t find smene t take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking n the street utside.
[我的发现](1)句①中的culd表示_______;句②中的wuld表示_______;句③中的may表示_______;句④中的mustn’t表示_______;句⑤中的may表示_________;句⑥中的will表示_______;ught t表示_____________;句⑦中的had better表示_______。(2)过去将来时的构成有:____________和_____________________两种构成;句_____的构成是wuld+d;句_____的构成是were ging t d。
was/were ging t d
要点突破一、情态动词(一)情态动词表特别语气1.can/culd(1)表示能力,意为“能,会”;culd主要指过去的能力。Then I can spare sme time t learn it again,s that we can practice tgether every day.然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它,这样我们就可以每天一起练习。In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery.在这些地方,病人能够在康复过程中亲近大自然。
(2)表示请求或许可。当请求允许做某事时,两者均可用,但用culd语气更委婉。当表示允许某人做某事时,一般要用can,而不用culd。—Can/Culd I use yur bike tmrrw mrning?—Yes,yu can.——我明天早晨能用你的自行车吗?——是的,可以。
(3)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度时,意为“怎么能,怎么会”,主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中,用culd时语气较委婉。Hw can yu be s careless!你怎么那么粗心呀!
can与be able t的区别(1)can只能用于一般现在时,而be able t可用于更多的时态。He will be able t tell yu the news sn.他将能够很快地告诉你这个消息。
(2)表示过去特定的能力或经过努力才具备的能力时,只能用be able t。I talked with her fr a lng time,and finally I was able t make her believe me.我和她谈了很长时间,最终,我让她相信了我。
2.must表示现在或将来必须要做某事,多是出于义务、责任或强制命令,指说话人的主观意志。Students must prvide their presentatins n CDs befre Friday,23 March.学生必须在3月23日周五之前提供他们的展示光盘。
must用法点拨(1)回答must引出的问句时,如果是否定的回答,则不能用mustn’t,而要用needn’t或dn’t have t。—Must we hand in ur English exercise bks?—Yes,yu must. (N,yu dn’t have t. /N,yu needn’t. )——我们必须交英语练习册吗?——是的,你必须要交。(不,你不必)。
(2) must用于疑问句中,可以用来表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩,意为“偏要,硬要”。mustn’t的意思是“禁止”,而不是“不必”。Must yu interrupt me nw?Can’t yu see I’m n the phne?你非要现在打断我吗?难道你没看见我在打电话吗?
have t表示“必须,不得不”,意义与must很接近,但must表示主观意志,而have t表示由于客观因素不得不做某事,并且可用于更多的时态。I wrk nt because I have t,but because I want t.我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作。We must prmte ur envirnmental awareness and behave urselves.我们必须提高环保意识,并规范我们的行为。
1用适当的情态动词填空①I shuld have been there,but I ___________ find the time.②Tm,yu _______ nt leave all yur clthes n the flr like this!③I sincerely hpe yu ______ accept my invitatin.④Jhn,lk at the time. _______ yu play the pian at such a late hur?
3.may/might(1)表示请求时,两者都可用,只是might表示的语气较委婉(但并不表示过去);表示许可时,通常要用may而不用might。Yu may cme in nw.你现在可以进来了。(表示许可)Might I have a lk at yur new cmputer?我可以看看你的新电脑吗?(表示请求)
(2) may表示祝福与愿望,多用于书面语中,构成句型:May+yu/名词+动词原形+…May yu have a gd jurney!祝你旅途愉快!
may well+动词原形,表示“很可能”;may/might as well d sth. 表示“不妨做某事”。He may well be surprised at the result.他很可能会对这个结果感到意外。T start with,yu might as well learn t speak Mandarin.首先,你最好学会说普通话。
4.shall(1) shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中时表示征求意见。Shall I get yu sme tea?我给你倒点茶好吗?(2)用于第二、三人称的陈述句时,往往表示给对方(yu)或第三者(he,she,they)以允诺、命令、决心、警告或威胁等,在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等。
Yu shall fail if yu dn’t wrk harder.如果你不再努力点儿,你就会失败。(警告)Each citizen shall carry his identificatin card when travelling.旅游时每个市民务必带上身份证。(规定)
5.shuld/ught t(1)表示责任、义务,意为“应该,应当”。I wnder if parents shuld always tell the truth n matter hw the cnsequences.我想知道父母是否应该总说出真相,不管结果如何。Yu shuld reassess yur gals,and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.你应该重新评估你的目标,并激励自己设立新的目标。
(2) shuld表示惊讶、赞叹或不满,意为“竟然”。It’s strange that he shuld be late.真奇怪,他竟然会迟到。
2用适当的情态动词填空①Yu _________ help yur mther with the husewrk.② ______ yu have a happy weekend!③It has been annunced that candidates ________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been cllected.④Yu can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _________ be s rude t a lady.
6. will/wuld(1) will表示“意愿,意志”,wuld表示过去时间的“意愿,意志”。I prmise I will d my best t prvide best service fr the Asian Games.我许诺我会尽最大努力为亚洲运动会提供最好的服务。I tld her t stp crying,but she just wuldn’t listen.我告诉她别哭,但是她不愿意听。
(2)表示征求意见或提出请求。主要用于第二人称疑问句中,will和wuld均可用,wuld此时不表示过去,而是表示委婉语气。Will/Wuld yu pass me the bk?请你把书递给我好吗?
(3) will表示某种倾向或习惯性动作,意为“总会,老是”;wuld表示过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。Fish will die withut water.没有水,鱼会死去。When my parents were away,my grandmther wuld take care f me.我父母外出的时候,祖母总是照看我。
wuld与used t的区别(1) wuld表示过去经常性且反复发生的动作,没有与现在对比的含义。When we were yung,we wuld g swimming every summer.当我们小的时候,我们每年夏天都会去游泳。
(2) used t表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态,且现在已终止,强调今昔对比。Peple used t believe that the earth was flat.过去,人们总以为地球是扁平的。(现在已不再这样认为)
7.need/dare(1)need表示必要性,意为“需要”,dare表示“敢于”;need和dare作情态动词时常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,无人称和数的变化,疑问句和否定句中不加助动词。Yu needn’t cme here this afternn.你今天下午不必来这里。Hw dare yu say I’m unfair?你怎么敢说我不公平?If she wants anything,she need nly ask.她想要什么,只需说一声就行。
(2) need和dare用作实义动词时,有词形变化。在否定词、疑问句中要加助动词。Yu dn’t need t hurry. Yu have enugh time.你不必着急。你有足够的时间。He desn’t dare(t) answer.他不敢回答。D yu need a dictinary?你需要词典吗?Allen,dn’t yu dare g anywhere else,yu hear?艾伦,其他地方哪儿都不准去,听到了吗?
3用适当的情态动词填空①He ________ g t the river nearby t fish n weekends when he was yung.②—Srry,I frgt t tell Jhn abut yur party.—It desn’t matter. I _______ call him in a while.③Many peple were standing arund watching with sympathy,but n ne ________ t help him up.④Yu _______ t get rid f the habit f drinking cla nly.
(二)情态动词表推测1.must表示有把握的推测,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,肯定”。I like eating fried tmates with eggs,and I thught it must be easy t ck.我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋,并且我认为它炒起来一定很简单。I’m sure that yu must be cncerned abut Rbert the mment yu left fr Lndn.我确信你一去伦敦就会很担心罗伯特。
2.can/culd表示推测,意为“可能”,用于否定句和疑问句中。can比culd语气强。Tm has gne t Beijing,s yu can’t see him in ur schl nw.汤姆已经去北京了,所以你现在在我们学校看不到他。
can表示客观可能性(理论上或是逻辑判断上),意为“可能会”。It can be rather ht in ur hmetwn in March.在我们家乡三月份可能会很热。
3.may/might意为“可能,也许”,指可能性小的猜测。might比may语气更不确定,表示的可能性更小。He may be at hme,but I am nt sure.他或许在家,但是我不确定。I tell my mm that if we’re frced t eat things,we may becme ill.我告诉我妈妈,如果我们被迫吃东西,我们可能会生病。4.shuld表推测,暗含很大的可能,意为“应该,理应”。It’s 4:30. They shuld be in New Yrk by nw.现在是四点半,他们现在应该到达纽约了。
情态动词表示推测时,可能性的大小肯定句:must>can/culd>shuld>may>might否定句:can’t/culdn’t>shuldn’t>may nt>might nt
4用适当的情态动词填空①It is usually warm in winter in the suth,but it ______ be cld and even have snw smetimes.②Jane _______ be very bred with her jb. She des the same thing every day.③They ________ knw the answer. Let me explain t them.④Accrding t the weather reprt,it ______ rain tmrrw.
(三)情态动词+have dne
5用适当的情态动词补全句子①She ________________ abut the explsin. She didn’t knw anything abut it.她不可能读过关于爆炸的消息,她对此一点也不知道。②She ________________ the dictinary,but I’m nt sure.她可能买了那本词典,但我不太确定。
can’t have read may have bught
③I ___________________ the umbrella,fr the weather is fine.天气这么好,我本没必要带雨伞的。④Yu ________________________________ fun f him. He is nt the ne yu laugh at but learn frm.你本不应该取笑他。他不是你嘲笑的人,而是你学习的榜样。
needn’t have taken
ught nt t/shuldn’t have made
二、过去将来时(一)基本表达过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在宾语从句中。一般由“wuld+动词原形”构成。Then,I realized smething terrible wuld happen.那时,我意识到糟糕的事情将要发生。My brther tld me that he wuld cme back n Saturday.我哥哥告诉我他周六回来。
(二)其他表达1.was/were ging t+动词原形:表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作,常用于口语中,表示预言、意图或打算等。I was ging t play basketball,but in the end I went t the cinema.我打算去打篮球,但是最后我去看电影了。He was ging t start wrk the fllwing week.他打算下星期开始工作。
2.was/were abut t d:常用来表示即将发生的动作,表示“刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I was abut t leave fr hme when a new task was assigned t me.我正要离开回家,这时我又被指派了一项新任务。
3.start,g,cme,leave,see,meet等动词可用过去进行时,表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was cming later.她随后就来。I had just put n my vercat and was leaving t visit a friend f mine.我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
4. was/were t d:表示“曾计划做某事”;有时表示“后来结果,注定”的含义,并非单纯指过去的将来;如果表示“本来计划做某事,动作没实现”,则需用“was/were t have dne”。She said that they were t visit their English teacher the next week.她说他们下周将去看望他们的英语老师。She said she was t have tld me abut the accident.她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的情况。
6单句语法填空①She said the bus _____________ (leave) at five the next mrning.②I wasn’t sure whether he ____________ (lend) me his bk the next mrning.
was leaving
③At that time he did nt knw that quitting the jb ______________ (becme) the turning pint in his life.④He said he __________________ (visit) China the next week.⑤In his intrductin,he made it clear that ur credit __________ (be) hard-earned.
was t becme
was ging t visit
语法专练Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空1.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)On ur way t the huse,it was raining s hard that we ___________ (can) help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get there.2.(2018·北京卷)They might ____________ (find) a better htel if they had driven a few mre kilmeters.
3.(2018·天津卷)I can’t find my purse. I culd ___________ (leave) it in the supermarket yesterday,but I’m nt sure.4.(2016·浙江卷)Managing the family budget must ___________ (be) a very hard task,but she made it lk effrtless.5.(2015·福建卷)—Srry,Mum! I failed the jb interview again.—Oh,it’s t bad. Yu _________ (shall) have made full preparatins.6.(2018·天津卷)At first Rbert ___________ (will) let his daughter g diving,but eventually he gave in as she was s cnfident abut her skills.
7.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd ___________ (d) better,why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate(有同情心)respnse?8.(2019·天津卷)I dn’t have t ________ (write) dwn what happened.9._______ she be ten years ld next mnth?10.— _______ yu interrupt nw? Can’t yu see I’m n the phne?—Srry,sir,but it’s an emergency.
Ⅱ.完成句子1.Peter __________________ the ffice _______ the telephne rang.彼得刚要离开办公室,这时电话铃响了。2.When yu get t the airprt at nine tmrrw,I ________________ fr yu there.明天9点钟你到达机场时,我将在那儿等你。3._____________________ at sunrise tmrrw?明天日出时你将在做什么?
was abut t leave
will be waiting
What will yu be ding
4.Mary tld us that she _____________ with us if it rained.玛丽告诉我们,如果下雨的话,她就不和我们一起去了。5.Mther prmised that she ____________ me t Beijing the next year.妈妈许诺来年要带我去北京。6.It has been dry fr weeks. The trees _______________ if they _______________.已经干旱好几周了。这些树要想存活,就需要浇水。7.When we g white-water rafting,we ________________ helmets and life jackets ________________.当我们去激流漂流时,我们将戴着头盔,穿着救生衣作为保护。
need watering
are t survive
will be wearing
fr prtectin
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