2022届全国普通高中新高考考前模拟（十）英语卷含答案

这是一份2022届全国普通高中新高考考前模拟（十）英语卷含答案，共14页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届全国普通高中新高考考前模拟英语（十）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATo improve a high schoolers chance of getting into a top university, the summer programs allow young students to explore fields of interest and get a taste of college life.Telluride Association Summer Program (TASP)TASP is a six-week program allowing high school freshman from around the world to grow their sense of interpersonal awareness and community responsibility. It’s completely free, including the cost of tuition, books and even travel.Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)This week-long program aimed at all US high school students can help them develop the skills necessary for future job in engineering while learning about the value and reward of acquiring advanced technical degrees. MITES is free—the only expense is the transportation to and from MIT.Clark Scholar Program (CSP)High school students coming from across the globe are offered the unique opportunity to gain hands-on research experience in mathematics field while working one on one with teaching staff over four intense weeks. Everything is free for chosen applicants except their meals.JCampThe seven-week one brings high school freshman and sophomores from various backgrounds together for participating in sessions and workshops led by notable journalists where students can get hands-on training in journalism. JCamp is free if selected-participants only need to pay for the board.1. What can be expected of MITES?A. It is accessible to worldwide students.B. It lays a foundation for career prospect.C. It makes no extra charge for transportation.D. It awards students advanced technical degrees.2. Which program is suitable for a UK high schooler with up to 5 spare weeks?A. TASP.  B. MITES.  C. CSP.  D. JCamp.3. What is the shared goal of the programs?A. To seek for one-on-one instruction.B. To develop a sense of social duty.C. To get participants better prepared for college.D. To advertise some majors of the top universities.BSeveral years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, then left. His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays of the sun, keeping the ice cool below. When he came back to check the results, he found it worked. Exposed ice had melted faster than covered ice. He had not only saved two feet of glacier in a short time. No coal plants were shut down, no jobs were lost, and nobody was taxed or fired. Just the sort of fix we’re looking for.“Thank you, but no thank you.” says Ralph King, a climate scientist. He told Grey Childs. author and commentator, that people think technology can save the planet, “but there are other things we need to deal with, like consumption. They burned $50,000 just for the helicopter” to bring the plastic to the glacier. This experiment, quote-unquote, gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed without changing human behavior. It can’t. Technology won’t give us a free ride.Individuals respond to climate change differently. Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won’t be climate victims, we will be climate Choosers. More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives. The engineers will get smarter, the tools will get better, and one day we will control the climate. but that then? “Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small shiver down my back, Grey writes.” “Something sounded wrong about stopping ice by our own will,” he says.Me? I like it better when the earth takes care of itself, I guess one day we will have to run the place, but for the moment, sitting at my desk, looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling, I’m happy not to be in charge.4. Why does the author mention Jason Box’s experiment in the first paragraph?A. To introduce a possible solution to climate change.B. To describe a misleading attempt to fix the climate.C. To report on a successful experiment on saving the glacier.D. To arouse people’s attention to the problem of global warming.5. Which statement would Ralph King most probably agree with?A. The fight against climate change will not succeed.B. Technology is not the final solution, let alone its high cost.C. It’s best to deal with climate change without changing our behavior.D. Jason’s experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.6. What is Grey Childs’s attitude to human’s controlling the climate?A. Favorable B. Tolerant C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. But should we fix the climate?B. Is climate change a real problem?C. How can we take care of the earth?D. What if all the glaciers disappeared?CFritillaria plants can be easily spotted. The usually bright green plants often stand alone amid the rocks at the top of the Himalayan and Hengduan mountains in southwestern China — easy pickings for traditional Chinese medicine herbalists, who’ve ground the bulbs (鳞茎) of Fritillaria into a cough-treating powder for more than 2, 000 years. The demand for the bulbs is intense, since about 3,500 of them are needed to produce one kilogram of the powder, worth about $480.But some Fritillaria are remarkably difficult to find, with leaves and stems that are barely distinguishable from the gray or brown rocky background. Surprisingly, the plants’ camouflage (伪装) seems to have evolved in response to people.In wide open areas with little cover, like mountaintops, blending in can help the plants avoid hungry herbivores, says Yang Niu, a botanist at the Kunming Institute of Botany in China. But after five years of studying camouflage in Fritillaria, he did not spot any animals feeding on the plants. So Niu, his colleague Hang Sun and sensory ecologist Martin Stevens of the University of Exeter in England decided to see if humans might be driving the evolution of the plants’ camouflage.During their research, local herbalists noted the total weight of the bulbs harvested each year from 2014 to 2019 at seven study sites. These records indicated contemporary harvesting pressure on the plants. In the meantime, the researchers assessed the ease of harvesting by recording how long it took to dig up bulbs at six of those sites. On some slopes, bulbs are easily dug up, but in others they can be buried under rocks. Both measures have revealed a striking pattern: The more harvested a site is, the better the color of a plant matches its background.However, camouflage can present some challenges. Pollinators (花粉传播者) might have a harder time finding the camouflaged plants, and the gray and brown coloration could impair photosynthetic (光合) activity. Still, these Fritillaria show how adaptable the plants can be. The plants can better change their appearance than we might have expected.8. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A. The living environment of Fritillaria.B. The appearance of Fritillaria.C. The reasons for picking Fritillaria.D. The history of traditional Chinese medicine.9. What do the researchers find during their research?A. Fritillaria usually exist under rocks.B. Animals drive Fritillaria to hide themselves better.C. Frequent human activities make it easier to spot Fritillaria.D. Fritillaria camouflage themselves better where harvested more often.10. Which of the following statements is true according to the last paragraph?A. All plants are poor at camouflaging.B. Fritillaria are constantly changing how they look.C. Camouflage can bring some side-effects to Fritillaria.D. Fritillaria camouflaged to be gray which can promote growth.11. What’s the main idea of this passage?A. The demand for the Fritillaria is intense.B. Fritillaria are remarkably difficult to find.C. Camouflage can present some challenges to the Fritillaria.D. Human activities drive the evolution of the Fritillaria’s camouflage.DIn 1977, scientists exploring the Galapagos Rift in the eastern Pacific noticed a series of sharp temperature increases in their data. They wondered how deep-ocean temperatures could change so greatly---from near freezing to400°C (750°F)in such a short distance. The scientists had made an interesting discovery — deep-sea hydrothermal vents(热液喷口). They also realized that an entirely unique ecosystem, including hundreds of new species, existed around the vents. Despite the extreme temperatures and pressures, toxic minerals(有毒矿物质), and lack of sunlight that characterized the deep-sea vent ecosystem, the species living there were doing well. Scientists later realized that bacteria were changing the toxic vent minerals into usable forms of energy through a process called chemosynthesis, providing food for other vent organisms.Seawater moves deep in the ocean’s crust(地壳) and becomes super-heated by magma(岩浆). As pressure builds and the seawater warms, minerals become part of the liquid, which rises toward the surface of the crust. The hot, mineral-rich waters then leave the oceanic crust and mix with the cool seawater above. As the vent minerals cool, they form different types of hydrothermal vent structures.Hydrothermal vent structures are characterized by different physical and chemical factors, including the minerals, temperatures, and flow levels of their plumes(烟). Black smokers produce the hottest, darkest plumes, which are high in sulfur (S) content and form chimneys up to18 stories tall, or 55 meters(180 feet). The plumes of white smokers are lightly colored and rich in barium (Ba), calcium (Ca), and silicon (Si). Compared to black smokers, white smokers usually produce cooler plumes and form smaller chimneys. Vents with even cooler, weaker flows are often called seeps, which appear to send out some light.The study of hydrothermal vent ecosystems continues to change our understanding of the requirements for life. The ability of vent organisms to survive and thrive at such extreme pressures and temperatures and in the presence of toxic mineral plumes is interesting. The conversion of mineral-rich hydrothermal fluid into energy is a key aspect of these unique ecosystems. Through the process of chemosynthesis, bacteria provide energy and nutrients to vent species without the need for sunlight.12. What surprised the scientists when they examined their data?A. The great pressures under the deep ocean.B. The unexpected depth of the Galapagos Rift.C. The sudden rises in deep-ocean temperatures.D. The huge sizes of deep-sea hydrothermal vents.13. What did scientists find about vent creatures?A. Their foods come from toxic vent minerals.B. Their ability to produce light is amazing.C. They live under the oceanic crust.D. They usually have dark colors.14. What does paragraph mainly explain to us?A. How creatures live in extreme conditions.B. How seawater moves in the ocean’s crust.C. How minerals become part of magma.D. How hydrothermal vents are formed.15. Which best shows the flow levels of different plumes?A. Seeps’ > black smokers’ > white smokers’.B. Seeps’＞white smokers’＞black smokers’.C. Black smokers’ > white smokers’ > seeps’.D. Black smokers’ >seeps’ >white smokers’. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The 24 solar terms were created thousands of years ago in China to guide agricultural production. They also reflect China’s rich history through the seasonal festivals, special foods, cultural ceremonies, family gatherings and even healthy living tips that correspond with each solar term. ___16___Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, lively spring-like scenery starts blossoming: the river water defreezes. wild geese move from south to north and trees and grass tum green again.___17___ In northern China, the spring drought is common and the precipitation of this season accounts for only 10 to 15 percent of annual average rainfall. At this time of year, farmers begin to plough their fields. It’s the right time to prepare for spring sowing when the day gets warmer. ___18___During Rain Water period, extra care is needed to deal with a returning cold spell and humidity, which is the amount of water in the air. ___19___ It is strongly advised not to take off the thick coats too early and to keep warm, especially the elderly and children.The wet and humid weather during Rain Water period is considered harmful for people’s spleen and stomach according to Chinese medical practice. ___20___ People in Beijing often eat porridge(粥) cooked with a kind of Chinese herb medicine to resist cold and wet weather. Honey, dates and Chinese yam are also very good nourishment(营养) to put in the porridge.A. With Rain Water coming, insects become more active.B. A bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to nourish the body.C. Therefore, Rain Water is considered as a key period to water the fields.D. According to an old Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precious as oil.E. The temperature in most of the basin areas increases quickly during Rain WaterF. One of the 24 solar terms, which is very important in spring, is called Rain Water.G. The fast increase in air humidity due to rainfall can result in lower temperature and wet weather. 第二部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A school in Sarajevo is making headlines. The ___21___ began in September last year. Mirzana Coralic requested the primary school in her neighborhood to ___22___ her six-year-old son, Zejd, who has a ___23___ disability. The teacher, Sanela Ljumanovic, accepted almost ___24___, but on the first day of school, she noticed Zejd sitting all by himself, unable to ___25___ with anyone.Sanela, determined to find a(n) ___26___, tried developing a few tricks and signs. But a parent of another child ___27___ a better idea — getting the whole class to ___28___ sign language along with Zejd. They got a sign language teacher, and three months later, Zejd was happily able to communicate with all his classmates about ___29___ things like homework and games.The other kids in the class are quite happy as well. “I ___30___ to learn Zejd’s language so I can talk to him and other deaf people,” said one of his classmates. Now, sign language is getting quite ___31___ at the primary school, with kids from other classes ___32___ to learn as well. It is hoped that it can be ___33___ as a part of the official course.“Sign language is great because it ___34___ communication and also helps children become more ___35___ to people with disabilities,” said Sanela.21. A. report   B. message  C. article  D. story22. A．admit   B. adopt   C. invite   D. defend23. A．learning   B. speech  C. hearing  D. sight24. A．conditionally  B. passively  C. personally D. immediately25. A．cooperate  B. interact  C. compete  D. stay26. A．solution   B. explanation C. theory  D. alternative27. A．selected   B. imagined  C. presented  D. favored28. A．enjoy   B. create  C. design  D. learn29. A．regular   B. formal  C. complex  D. professional30. A．afford   B. like   C. prepare  D. wait31. A．popular   B. confusing  C. challenging D. practical32. A．failing   B. hesitating  C. trying  D. helping33. A．described  B. known  C. defined  D. included34. A．enables   B. shows  C. stresses  D. represents35. A．polite   B. sensitive  C. adaptable  D. thankful 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第二部分 英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The combination of music and study has long been ___36___ source of disagreement between adults and children. Parents and teachers alike maintain that ___37___(silent) is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that ___38___(they) favourite sounds help them concentrate.Now a study shows that the ___39___(grown-up) have been right all along. Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays ___40___ and without music in the background. They ___41___(find) that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. “This demonstrates ___42___(clear)that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,” said Dr.Sarah.She also came to the conclusion ___43___ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All types of music had the same effect,” she said in her report. “One’s ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely ___44___(disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added.Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You ___45___(recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television.” 第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter一直在学习中文，他想看一部中国电影，希望你能推荐一部中国影片。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：（1）电影的基本介绍和简要情节；（2）推荐这部电影的理由。注意：（1）词数应为80左右；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Peter,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua 第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ella’s First Fashion CreationElla was wearing a new dress and she felt like a famous model, Even better, it was a dress she made! Her very first piece of fashion!“What do you think?” she asked her family. They were all gathered at the kitchen table for breakfast. “It’s very pretty. I can’t believe you designed and sewed that all by yourself!” Mom said. “I’m so proud of you! How long did that take?” Dad asked. Ella pulled out her chair and sat down. “Two weeks! But I think I could make the next one faster. I had a few problems.Ella smiled. She had so many problems making the dress, but right now it was all worth it. It was going to be a great day.The kids at school weren’t quite as excited about her dress as she thought they would be, but she did get some nice comments from some of the girls, so she was happy about that. The day went by quickly, and before she knew it, she was outside for the last break of the day. What a perfect day, she thought to herself as she swung on the swings.The school bell rang and the break was over. When the swing was close to stopping, Ella jumped off. When she landed, she heard a loud rip(撕裂). She moved her hand to the back of her dress. It was ripped all the way down the back! Her very first fashion creation fell apart! Ella was so embarrassed.Ella spotted her teacher, Miss Miller, near the door. Ella took one hand from her dress and waved for Miss Miller to come to her. Miss Miller came up and looked at the back of Ella’s dress. “Oh no! And it is such a beautiful dress!” “I made it myself,” Ella said. “You must be very proud! You did a great job!” “Not really. Or it wouldn’t have ripped.” “Well, that happens sometimes. Even with clothes you buy in the store!”注意：1. 续写词数应为150词左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。Miss Miller took off her sweater and helped Ella to pull it on.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“We can’t avoid problems,” said Mom.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语（十）答案第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）【答案】1-3 BCC【答案】4-7 CBCA【答案】8-11 CDCD【答案】12-15 CADC【解析】本文是说明文。海底深处存在热液喷口，有很多物种在那里生活。12. 细节理解题。由第一段前两句可知，科学家们从他们得到的数据中发现深海温度急剧上升，这令他们感到惊讶。13. 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Scientists later realized that bacteria were changing the toxic vent minerals into usable forms of energy through a process called chemosynthesis, providing food for other vent organisms”可知，热液喷口生物的食物来自有毒的喷口矿物质。14. 段落大意题。根据第二段内容特别是“As the vent minerals cool, they form different types of hydrothermal vent structures”可知，本段主要介绍了热液喷口的形成过程。15. 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，C项正确描述了这三种不同的热液喷口的液体流动强度。 【答案】16-20 FDCGB第二部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）【答案】21-25 DACDB   26-30 ACDAB   31-35 ACDDC第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第二部分 英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）【答案】36. a37. silence38. their39. grown-ups40. with41. found42. clearly43. that44. to be disturbed45. are recalling第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）【答案】Dear Peter,I'm more than glad to receive your e-mail saying you are interested in Chinese movies. Among all the movies I’ve watched, there’s one that left a deep impression on me. I will introduce it to you in details.American Dreams in China, directed by Peter Chan, is based on the real story of Yu Minhong who is the founder of New Oriental School. The movie, focusing on friendship and dreams, mainly tells us the story of the three partners setting up the largest English training school in China after meeting lots of difficulties. The director pictures the changes in Chinese society with beautiful scenes and sentimental soundtrack. American Dreams in China conveys a message that we should stick to our dreams.I strongly recommend it for you because you can see a totally different China in it. I do hope you will enjoy it. I am looking forward to receiving your feedback and sharing more with you.Yours,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）【答案】Miss Miller took off her sweater and helped Ella to pull it on. She helped Ella up and walked her back to the classroom. As soon as she sat down, she heard a girl laughing at her torn clothes. Ella was very sad and felt very defeated. Miss Miller came to Ella and said, “Your clothes are very beautiful. You shouldn’t deny yourself because it is broken.”. After hearing this, Ella called her mother and asked her mother to pick her up. Because her clothes were broken, she couldn't walk home by herself. When her mother came, she saw what had happened and was distressed.“We can’t avoid problems,” said Mom. “When the problem arises, we should find a way to solve the problem instead of complaining about ourselves. Now your dress is broken and you just need to sew it”. After saying that, mother took out the sewing bag and handed it to Ella, who took over the sewing bag and nodded to her mother. Then she stitched up the broken part of the dress.