2022届全国普通高中新高考考前模拟（六）英语卷含解析

这是一份2022届全国普通高中新高考考前模拟（六）英语卷含解析，共21页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届全国普通高中新高考考前模拟（六）
英语（六）
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Technology Risk Audit (审计) Manager Needed
Job Description Summary
We believe we’re best positioned to make a meaningful effect on the economy. Our ideas can let our clients make big decisions about the future and unlock sustainable(可持续发展的) growth. With a strict focus on quality, we help businesses, communities and our people to grow.
Things you can expect from the role
The work makes quality second nature. The work that you will do has a major effect on our clients and our firm. We pride ourselves on the high-level standards and quality we expect from our people. You’ll be responsible for developing the way to IT risk on clients(客户) and building and keeping good working relationships with all colleagues and clients.
The minimum criteria
• Post-qualified experience within risk management, or external(外部的) audit, as an IT auditor and will have experience of excellent data analytics within an audit environment
• Professionally qualified (ACA, CA, ACCA)
• You’ll be familiar with accounting systems such as SAP, Oracle, Sage etc.
• Experience with using data analytics software: IDEA or ACL, Tableau, Qlik, Power BI, SAS or similar
Benefits
Unlike most firms, We’re also a shared enterprise. So when the firm does well, everyone does well by taking home a share of the profits. Of course, to get those profits, we need to share ideas and share responsibility for our work, too.
Families, children, sports, night classes, the things you do and the people you’re with outside work matter. They can inspire and motivate you. Inside the office and out. So if you'd like to work flexibly, let us know. We're happy to look at flexible working choices for all our roles, and well always do our best to keep your work and life in balance.
1. What is one of the duties of the position?
A. Making decisions for clients. B. Hiring more team members.
C. Providing solutions on IT risk. D. Offering voluntary IT services.
2. What is the requirement for the application?
A. Much managing and IT knowledge. B. Experiences as a sports team player.
C. Awareness of environmental protection. D. Some necessary basic skills in building.
3. What can an applicant get if he/she gets the job?
A. He/She can be given inspiration from the job.
B. He/She can choose flexible working time.
C. He/She can always take the company profits.
D. He/She can take free night classes for growth.
【答案】1-3 CAB
【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文是关于技术风险审计经理的招聘启事。
1. 细节理解题。根据Things you can expect from the role中的“You’ll be responsible for developing the way to IT risk on clients and building and keeping good working relationships with all colleagues and clients(你将负责开发客户的IT风险管理方案，与所有同事和客户建立并保持良好的工作关系).”可知这个职位的职责之一是提供关于技术风险的解决方案。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据The minimum criteria中“Post-qualified experience within risk management, or external audit, as an IT auditor and will have experience of excellent data analytics within an audit environment(在风险管理或外部审计方面有IT审核员的资格，并在审计环境中有出色的数据分析经验)”可知，申请该职位要求要有管理和IT知识。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据Benefits 中“So if you'd like to work flexibly, let us know. We’re happy to look at flexible working choices for all our roles..(所以如果你想要弹性工作，请告诉我们。我们很高兴看到我们所有的员工都有灵活的工作选择)”可知，如果申请人获得了这份工作，那么他/她可以选择灵活的工作时间。故选B。
B
Born on a farm in 1876, Mordecai Brown couldn’t have imagined his life as a Major League Baseball pitcher (投手). When he helped his parents at age 5, his right hand accidentally was caught in a corn harvester, losing parts of two fingers or three fingers left. However, his disabled hand did not keep him from doing what other boys of his age were doing, like playing baseball.
While working as a coal miner in his twenties, Mordecai joined a baseball team made up of fellow coal miners. In 1898, the team’s pitcher injured his arm. The manager ordered Mordecai to act as the pitcher. Mordecai shook his head and held up his right hand as a reminder. But the manager didn’t care. “Since you have the best arm on the team, you will have to pitch.” Finally, his team won the game nine to three.
In 1903, Mordecai Brown broke into Major League Baseball when he signed with the St. Louis Cardinals. Only a year later, the management of the Cardinals decided that Mordecai’s disability would keep him from ever becoming a star pitcher. They traded him to the Chicago Cubs.
On a sunny October afternoon in 1908, thousands of people went to New York City’s Polo Grounds to see the New York Giants and the Chicago Cubs battle. Mordecai was not the pitcher at first. He watched as the chosen starter faced the batters (击球员) for the New York Giants. Soon, the batters were filling the bases.
Then, Mordecai was asked to be the pitcher. It seemed that the unfavorable condition didn’t affect him. He held the ball with his three fingers firmly and let it go. Strike one! Strike two! Strike three! The batter was out. And soon, the game was over. The Cubs beat the Giants, four to two.
Mordecai went on to pitch, winning one game after another, and retired after the 1916 season. In 1949, Mordecai Peter entered the National Baseball Hall of Fame in New York, earning him a well-deserved place in baseball history.
4. What can we learn about Mordecai from Paragraph1?
A. His dream was to become a pitcher.
B. He felt desperate to lose his fingers.
C. His accident did not influence his life.
D. He was afraid to get along with other boys.
5. In 1904, what happened to Mordecai Brown?
A. Mordecai Brown was traded to Chicago Cubs.
B. He broke into Major League Baseball.
C. He was much worse than before.
D. He contributed to the success of the match.
6. How did he help his team win the game in 1908?
A. He shouted “Strike!” for times to frighten the batter.
B. He left the batter no chance to get the ball.
C. He let the ball go in different directions.
D. He struck the ball out directly.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Fighting for Fame
B. Growing on the team
C. A Three-fingered Star
D. The Most Pitiful Baseball Pitcher
【答案】4-7 CABC
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，小时候因事故而手留下残疾，变成三指的Mordecai Brown在棒球场上的精彩表现。
4. 推理判断题。由第一段中的“However, his disabled hand did not keep him from doing what other boys of his age were doing, like playing baseball.”（然而，他那只残疾的手并没有阻止他做其他同龄人的事，比如打棒球。）可知即使手有残缺，Mordecai Brown还是做着同龄人一样的事，可推断出Mordecai Brown的事故没有影响他的生活。故选C项。
5. 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Only a year later, the management of the Cardinals decided that Mordecai’s disability would keep him from ever becoming a star pitcher. They traded him to the Chicago Cubs.”（仅仅一年后，红衣主教队的管理层认为，Mordecai的残疾将阻止他成为一名明星投手。他们把他交易给了芝加哥小熊队。），可知1904年，Mordecai被交易到芝加哥小熊队。故选A项。
6. 推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Then, Mordecai was asked to be the pitcher. It seemed that the unfavorable condition didn’t affect him. He held the ball with his three fingers firmly and let it go. Strike one! Strike two! Strike three! The batter was out. And soon, the game was over. The Cubs beat the Giants, four to two.”（然后，Mordecai被要求做投手。这不利的条件似乎并没有影响到他。他用三个手指紧紧地抓住球，然后把它放了。打一个！打二！三击！击球手出局了。很快，比赛结束了。小熊队以4比2击败巨人队。），可知Mordecai让对方击球手出局了，小熊队以4比2击败巨人队，可推断出对方击球手没机会得到球（所以出局了）。故选B项。
7. 主旨大意题。第一段讲“Mordecai Brown因事故，手变成了三指但这没有影响他的生活”，第二段讲“三指的Mordecai做了投球手”，第三段讲“三指的Mordecai被红衣主教队的管理层交易到芝加哥小熊队”，第四五段讲“三指的Mordecai帮助球队赢得比赛”，第六段讲“三指的Mordecai赢得了棒球史上当之无愧的地位”，本文讲的是三指的Mordecai在棒球场上的精彩表现，C项“三指明星”为短文最佳标题。故选C项。
C
One in five children starting primary school in the UK are overweight. By the time they leave school, that figure will rise to one in three. The chance of them being overweight in adulthood, which brings range of associated health risks, is high, at 50-75%.
The root cause of diet-related fatness is no secret: an energy imbalance between the quantity of food being consumed and the level of physical activity being conducted. Addressing this imbalance needs to be, in part, a review of our diet. More fresh ingredients(原料) especially fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives(添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet.
The Department of Health has recognized that a collective approach, rather than just individual behavior change, is a successful way of achieving this. Universal adjustments like a blanket decrease in sugar content influence the way we eat through the choices available to us.
Applying this approach to school kitchens makes sense. They have an important role to play in maintaining healthy diets. Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school.
It's an area the Soil Association consistently works to handle through its Food for Life program -working with schools to transform food culture, improve food education and encourage lasting changes to the way schools think about food. It works. In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools.
One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients. It encourages local seasonal produce and, at silver or gold level, requires a commitment to environmentally friendly produce. At its heart, the award is designed to support health and enhance food understanding.
Over 50% of English primary schools have such an award, already, -serving around 1.7 million meals each day to over10.000 schools and it's a figure we'll see grow.
8. What does the underlined word “addressing” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Tackling. B. Ignoring. C. Maintaining. D. Postponing.
9. Which approach will work for students to build balanced diet?
A. Stopping them eating alone in schools.
B. Getting them aware of the harm of fatness.
C. Ensuring healthy recipes on school menus.
D. Increasing the availability and flavor of food.
10. What can we say about the Food for Life program?
A. It’s a heavy load on schools.
B. It’s complicated to operate.
C It’s a temporary project.
D. It’s fruitful attempt.
11. Which type of food may the Food for Life Served Here award promote?
A. Sugary snacks.
B. First-class sausages.
C. High-quality imported beef.
D. Freshly picked organic beans.
【答案】8-11 ACDD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国小学采取一系列方式建立均衡饮食。
8. 词义猜测题。根据后文“More fresh ingredients(原料) especially fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives(添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet.”（更多的新鲜食材，尤其是水果和蔬菜，更少的加工食品和更少的添加剂都是建立均衡饮食的重要因素。）可知，本句是解决不均衡的办法，所以addressing指的是“解决”。故选A项。
9. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school.”（提供一份充满新鲜食材和没有人工添加剂的学校菜单对孩子们在学校的饮食有直接和有效的影响。）可知，确保学校菜单上有健康的食谱可以帮助学生建立均衡的饮食。故选C项。
10. 推理判断题。根据第四段“In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools.”（在“终身饮食”学校，学生不吃水果或蔬菜的可能性比其他学校的学生低三分之一。）可知，关于“生命之粮”计划是一次卓有成效的尝试。故选D项。
11. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients.”（学校参与其中的一种方式是在这里提供终身服务的食物奖，这意味着至少75%的菜肴是现场用新鲜的食材制作的。）可知，终身服务的食物奖推广的是新鲜的食物。故选D项。
D
Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a ly harmless device(设备) may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they’re being recorded while you all watch the big game together?
“It’s certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to fix,” says Lizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute, America’s distinguished manners advisors. “I think it will be very interesting to see what manners appear in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it’s not a security issue.” Post wants to make clear that she’s not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preference.
When it comes to security cameras, Post says it’s a host’s responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home. If the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.
However, if a contractor(合约工) is working in your home, you don’t need to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the camera can also work in contractors’ favor. “If anything does go wrong while they’re in the house, they don’t want to be blamed for it,” she says. “In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn’t steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table.”
12. The visitors are concerned that the security camera may ____
A. threaten their health. B. spoil their peace of mind.
C. disturb their privacy. D. affect their preference.
13. What is a host’s responsibility concerning the security camera?
A. Indicating its position. B. Making their guests feel at ease.
C. Turning it oil in time. D. Having a casual talk with guests.
14. How can the home security camera benefit contractors working in your home?
A. It can prevent the accidents happening. B. It can prove their innocence.
C. It can record their working progress. D. It can make their work more enjoyable.
15. What’s the author’s attitude towards the security camera?
A. Negative. B. Pessimistic. C. Favorable. D. Objective.
【答案】12-15 CBBD
【解析】这是一篇议论文。人们越来越多地在家里使用联网摄像头这种设备来获得内心的平静，但很少有人会停下来考虑这些设备可能对住客产生的影响。有人认为说到安全摄像头，确保客人在家里感到舒适是主人的责任。如果主人通过讲述一个故事，漫不经心地承认房里有一台照相机，这可能足以让客人开口说他们是否感到不舒服。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I think it will be very interesting to see what manners appear in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it’s not a security issue.”（他说：“我认为，如果不存在安全问题，看看你是否告诉别人你有相机，以及客人是否有权要求关掉相机，这将是一件非常有趣的事情。”）可知参观者担心安全摄像头可能会干扰他们的隐私。故选C。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When it comes to security cameras, Post says it’s a host’s responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home.”（说到安全摄像头，波斯特说，确保客人在家里感到舒适是主人的责任。）可知安全摄像头，主人的责任是让客人感到自在。故选B。
14. 细节理解题。根据最后一句“In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn’t steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table.”（事实上，相机可以证明他们没有偷那20美元，也没有把花瓶从桌子上摔下来。）可知家庭安全摄像头可以通过证明在家工作的合约工的无辜而使他们受益。故选B。
15. 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者采用第三方观点对安全摄像头进行论述，并没有说明自己支持还是反对安全摄像头，因此作者的态度是客观的。故选D。

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s been a hard year but, while we can’t change what’s happening in the world, we can focus on creating a positive atmosphere. No more negative energy.
____16____
Hard times are rubbish but they make you what you are. Recognize that and know that if you can come through them and you will be more capable and more confident. It’s a lucky person indeed who manages to avoid upset as they go through life; what’s important is how you deal with it.
Count your blessings
Feeling sorry for yourself? It may sound normal, but it’s important to remind yourself of what’s good about your life. Try writing a list of the things you’re thankful for, or spend a few minutes every evening putting down three nice things that have happened to you that day.____17____. Patted a dog in the park? Write it down. Laughed at a silly meme (表情包) on social media? Put that on the list too.
Protect yourself from energy vampires
We all know those who suck the joy out of life and leave you feeling emotionally exhausted. They moan, blame others or just generally bring you down. ____18____. Gently explain the effect that they have may bring them round, or simply make sure you’re always positive yourself in order to reduce the bad effect of their negativity.____19____, or eventually cut ties with them entirely.
Create joy in your life
____20____. Make a coffee date with a friend; set aside an hour to play a board game with your family; or take a regular walk where you explore somewhere new in your locality.
A. Focus on positivity
B. Accept unfavorable situations
C. Remember to set down the three most significant ones
D. Try to understand that they have probably got problems
E. It really doesn’t matter if they are small and insignificant
F. But ultimately you might need to limit the time you spend with them
G. Inject positivity into your daily routine by making time for activities that bring you pleasure
【答案】16-20 BEDFG
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个减少身边负能量的方法。
16. 本题为段落小标题，根据本段“Hard times are rubbish, but they make you what you are. Recognize that and know that if you can come through them and you will be more capable and more confident.(艰难的日子毫无价值的，但正是它们造就了今天的你，认识到这一点，并知道如果你能战胜它们，你会更有能力，更有信心。)”可知，需接受生活中艰难的处境。由此可知，B. Accept unfavorable situations(接受不利的情况)切题。为本段的标题。故选B。
17. 根据下文“Patted a dog in the park? Write it down. Laughed at a silly meme (表情包) on social media? Put that on the list too.(在公园里拍一只狗？把它写下来。在社交媒体上被一个愚蠢的表情包逗笑？把这个也写在单子上)”可知，记录生活中的一些小事也是可以提醒自己生活是值得感激。由此可知，E. It really doesn’t matter if they are small and insignificant(即使是微不足道的小事也没关系)切题。故选E。
18. 根据下文“Gently explain the effect that they have may bring them round, or simply make sure you’re always positive yourself in order to reduce the bad effect of their negativity.(委婉地解释他们对你的影响，或者确保你自己总是积极的，以减少他们消极的负面影响)”可知，遇到生活中那些满是负能量的人首先要理解，然后解释。由此可知，D. Try to understand that they have probably got problems(试着理解他们可能有问题)切题。故选D。
19. 根据上文“Gently explain the effect that they have may bring them round, or simply make sure you’re always positive yourself in order to reduce the bad effect of their negativity.(委婉地解释他们对你的影响，或者确保你自己总是积极的，以减少他们消极的负面影响)”和下文“or eventually cut ties with them entirely.(或者最终完全断绝与他们的联系)”可知，为了减少他们消极的负面影响，先限制时间，最后断开联系。由此可知，F. But ultimately you might need to limit the time you spend with them(但最终你可能需要限制和他们在一起的时间)切题。故选F。
20. 根据此段的小标题“Create joy in your life(为你的生活创造快乐)”以及下文“Make a coffee date with a friend; set aside an hour to play a board game with your family; or take a regular walk where you explore somewhere new in your locality.”和朋友一起喝咖啡约会；留出一个小时和家人一起玩棋盘游戏；或者定期散步，探索当地的新地方。可知，要多参加那些使自己快乐的活动。由此可知，G. Inject positivity into your daily routine by making time for activities that bring you pleasure (为你的日常生活注入正能量，腾出时间参加能给你带来快乐的活动)切题。故选G。

第二部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Face shape lets AI spot rare disorders
People with genetic syndromes sometimes have revealing facial features but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be ___21___ given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors ___22___ the possibilities.
Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and ___23___ a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.
They ___24___ the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the Al to ___25___ potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.
Gurovich and his team also ___26___ the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations(变异) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not ___27___ but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.
As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are ___28___ and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.
The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about ___29___. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to ___30___ against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. ___31___, Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians.
This technique could bring ___32___ to those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the ___33___ of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then ___34___ the diagnosis through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, ___35___ help find new treatments or cures.
21. A. convincing B. tricky C. reliable D. feasible
22. A. bring about B. result from C. narrow down D. rule out
23. A. return B. input C. top D. feed
24. A. based B. imposed C. focused D. trained
25. A. identify B. distinguish C. shift D. cure
26. A. tested B. demonstrated C. recognized D. acquired
27. A. acceptable B. perfect C. reliable D. workable
28. A. covered B. excluded C. highlighted D. supervised
29. A. objectivity B. accuracy C. credibility D. privacy
30. A. discriminate B. fight C. argue D. vote
31. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
32. A. challenges B. benefits C. damages D. concerns
33. A. treatment B. response C. remedy D. process
34. A. replied B. confirmed C. eliminated D. addressed
35. A. by contrast B. in turn C. in addition D. on the contrary
【答案】21-25 BCCDA 26-30 ABCDA 31-35 DBDBB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了研究人员利用新的技术手段，可以通过脸型让人工智能发现罕见的疾病。
21. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：患有遗传综合症的人有时会显露出面部特征，但考虑到他们可能患有数百种可能的病症，利用这些特征来做出快速而廉价的诊断可能很棘手。A. convincing令人信服的；B. tricky棘手的；C. reliable可靠的；D. feasible可行的。根据“there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have.”可知有人可能患有数百种可能的病症，利用这些特征来做出快速而廉价的诊断可能很棘手。故选B。
22. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一种新的分析人脸照片的神经网络可以帮助医生缩小这种可能性。A. bring about引起；B. result from起因于；C. narrow down缩小；D. rule out排除。根据下文“This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then ___34___ the diagnosis through checking genetic markers.”可知一种新的分析人脸照片的神经网络可以帮助医生缩小这种可能性。故选C。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：波士顿FDNA生物技术公司的亚伦·古罗维奇和他的团队建立了神经网络来观察脸部的整体印象，并列出了一个人最有可能患有的10种基因综合症。A. return返回；B. input输入；C. top居……之首；D. feed进食。根据“the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.”可知这里意思是把一个人最有可能患有的10种基因综合症列出来。故选C。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们训练了名为DeepGestalt的神经网络，对17000张正确标记的图像进行训练，以匹配200多种遗传综合征。A. based以……为基础；B. imposed把……强加于；C. focused聚焦；D. trained训练。根据“on 17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes.”可知研究人员对神经网络进行了训练。故选D。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究小组随后要求人工智能从另外502张患有这种疾病的人的照片中识别出潜在的遗传疾病。A. identify识别；B. distinguish区分；C. shift转移；D. cure治疗。根据“potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions.”可知研究小组随后要求人工智能从另外502张患有这种疾病的人的照片中识别出潜在的遗传疾病。故选A。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：古罗维奇和他的团队还测试了神经网络区分导致同一种综合症的不同基因突变的能力。A. tested测试；B. demonstrated证明； C. recognized意识到；D. acquired获得。根据“the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations(变异) that can lead to the same syndrome.”可知古罗维奇和他的团队还测试了神经网络区分导致同一种综合症的不同基因突变的能力。故选A。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这显然不是完美的，但它仍然比人类尝试做到这一点要好得多。A. acceptable可接受的；B. perfect完美的；C. reliable可靠的；D. workable切实可行的。根据下文“but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.”可知尽管它并不完美，但它仍然比人类尝试做到这一点要好得多。故选B。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在系统进行评估时，对判断最有帮助的面部区域会被突出显示，供医生查看。A. covered覆盖；B. excluded排除；C. highlighted突出；D. supervised监督。根据“and made available for doctors to view.”可知在系统进行评估时，对判断最有帮助的面部区域会被突出显示。故选C。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一诊断仅基于一张简单的照片，这一事实引发了有关隐私的问题。A. objectivity客观性；B. accuracy准确性；C. credibility可信性；D. privacy隐私。根据“If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to ___30___ against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders.”可知这一事实引发了有关隐私的问题。故选D。
30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人脸可以揭示基因的细节，那么雇主和保险公司原则上就可以秘密地使用这类技术来歧视那些很有可能患有某些疾病的人。A. discriminate歧视；B. fight与……斗争；C. argue争论；D. vote选举。根据“then employers and insurance providers could”和“people who have a high probability of having certain disorders.”可知雇主和保险公司原则上就可以秘密地使用这类技术来歧视那些很有可能患有某些疾病的人。故选A。
31. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，古罗维奇说，该工具将只供临床医生使用。A. Furthermore此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。“雇主和保险公司原则上就可以秘密地使用这类技术来歧视那些很有可能患有某些疾病的人”与“该工具将只供临床医生使用”之间是转折关系，用however。故选D。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项技术可以为那些患有遗传综合症的人带来显著的好处。A. challenges挑战；B. benefits利益；C. damages毁坏；D. concerns关心。根据“For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically.”可知对于某些疾病，这项技术将大大缩短诊断时间，会为那些有遗传综合症的人的带来诊断的便捷，所以会为那些患有遗传综合症的人带来显著的好处。故选B。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：真正的价值在于，对于一些非常罕见的疾病，诊断过程可能需要很多年。A. treatment治疗；B. response反应；C. remedy补救；D. process进程。根据“For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically.”可知对于一些非常罕见的疾病，诊断过程可能需要很多年。故选D。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种技术可以缩小搜索空间，通过检测基因标记来确定诊断。A. replied回答；B. confirmed确诊；C. eliminated消除；D. addressed解决。根据“the diagnosis through checking genetic markers.”可知这里意思是通过检测基因标记来确定诊断。故选B。
35. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：对其他人来说，它可能会增加发现其他患有这种疾病的人的手段，反过来有助于发现新的治疗方法或治愈方法。A. by contrast与之相比；B. in turn反过来；C. in addition此外；D. on the contrary正相反。根据“help find new treatments or cures.”可知这里意思是对其他人来说，它可能会增加发现其他患有这种疾病的人的手段，反过来有助于发现新的治疗方法或治愈方法。故选B。

第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第二部分 英语知识运用
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everywhere we look, we see advertisements that urge us to buy. Most people only buy what they need and what they can afford. However, there are some people, ___36___(call) shopaholics, who can’t control their desire to spend money and buy things. This kind of addictive behavior can lead to large ___37___(finance) problems, family conflict and deep ___38___(happy).
Shopaholics often spend hours and hours shopping on the Internet or at the mall. Although their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn and their homes may ___39___(pack) with shopping bags and boxes that they bought but never used, many shopaholics ___40___(simple) can’t resist the urge to buy. Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic, ___41___ others won’t see them.
There are several reasons for shopping addiction. For some people, it is a way of relieving stress. For ___42___ shopping is a way to fight loneliness or depression. Sometimes the problem develops out of boredom. Although shopping can temporarily make people ___43___(feel) good, they often experience feelings of shame and guilt later. When shopping habits get out of control, people need professional help. They can either see a counselor (顾问) ___44___ join an organization, whose goal is ___45___(help) people find ways to fulfill themselves that do not lead to serious debt and troubled lives.
【答案】
36. called
37. financial
38. unhappiness
39. be packed
40. simply
41. where或so
42. others
43. feel
44. or
45. to help
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了什么是“购物狂”，造成“购物狂”疯狂购物的原因以及解决办法。
36. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，有一些人，称为购物狂，他们不能控制自己花钱和买东西的欲望。___36___(call) shopaholics作后置定语，call与其逻辑主语some people之间是被动关系，用过去分词，所以填called。
37. 考查形容词。句意：这种成瘾行为会导致巨大的经济问题、家庭冲突和深深的不幸福。该空修饰名词problems，用形容词作定语，所以填financial。
38. 考查名词。句意：这种成瘾行为会导致巨大的经济问题、家庭冲突和深深的不幸福。根据“large ___37___(finance) problems, family conflict”可知这都是不幸福的一些事情；该空作lead to的宾语，用名词，unhappiness表抽象意义，不可数，所以填unhappiness。
39. 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：虽然他们的衣柜里装满了他们从未穿过的衣服和珠宝，他们的家里也可能塞满了他们买过但从未使用过的购物袋和盒子，但很多购物狂就是无法抗拒购买的冲动。their homes和pack之间是被动关系，用被动语态，前面有情态动词may，含有情态动词的被动语态的结构是：情态动词+ be done，所以填be packed。
40. 考查副词。句意：虽然他们的衣柜里装满了他们从未穿过的衣服和珠宝，他们的家里也可能塞满了他们买过但从未使用过的购物袋和盒子，但很多购物狂就是无法抗拒购买的冲动。该空修饰动词resist，用副词，所以填simply。
41. 考查定语从句或状语从句。句意：他们中的一些人对自己的软弱感到羞愧，并试图把买的东西藏在阁楼之类的地方，这样别人就看不见了。___41___ others won't see them.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the attic，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句；___41___ others won’t see them.也可以是结果状语从句，表示“所以”，用so引导该从句，所以填where或so。
42. 考查固定短语。句意：对其他人来说，购物是一种对抗孤独或抑郁的方式。for some people…for others对一些人来说……对其他人来说，该短语是固定短语，所以填others。
43. 考查固定用法。句意：虽然购物可以暂时让人感觉良好，但他们往往会在以后经历羞愧和内疚的感觉。make sb. do sth.使某人做某事，所以填feel。
44. 考查连词。句意：他们可以去咨询顾问，或者加入一个组织，该组织的目标是帮助人们找到实现自我的方法，而不会导致严重的债务和麻烦的生活。“see a counselor”和“join an organization”之间是选择关系，用连词or，所以填or。
45. 考查不定式。句意：他们可以去咨询顾问，或者加入一个组织，该组织的目标是帮助人们找到实现自我的方法，而不会导致严重的债务和麻烦的生活。表示主语的具体内容、目的，用不定式作表语，所以填to help。

第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，收到美国好友Peter发来的邮件。他称赞中国举办的冬奥会，表示非常喜欢吉祥物冰墩墩，并询问冬奥会对你的影响。请你写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 表达感谢；
2. 许诺寄去冰墩墩；
3. 冬奥会对你的影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：吉祥物mascot；冰墩墩Bing Dwen Dwen
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Peter,
I greatly appreciate your attention and high praise for the Winter Olympics held in China.
Knowing you’re very fond of the cute mascot Bing Dwen Dwen, I’m happy to inform you I have managed to get one, which I promise will reach you soon.
The Winter Olympics have deeply struck me. The advanced technology and unique culture presented at the opening ceremony have strengthened my national pride. Absorbed in ice and snow events for days, I’ve fallen in love with skiing and keep practicing it whenever possible. Furthermore, the athletes’ competitive spirit will always inspire me to meet future challenges.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国好友Peter写封信，内容包括：1. 表达感谢；2. 许诺寄去冰墩墩；3.冬奥会对你的影响。
1. 词汇积累
高兴的：happy→delighted
告知：inform→notify
增强：strengthen→intensify
此外：furthermore→moreover
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The advanced technology and unique culture presented at the opening ceremony have strengthened my national pride.
拓展句：The advanced technology and unique culture which were presented at the opening ceremony have strengthened my national pride.
[高分句型1] Knowing you’re very fond of the cute mascot Bing Dwen Dwen, I’m happy to inform you I have managed to get one, which I promise will reach you soon.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Absorbed in ice and snow events for days, I’ve fallen in love with skiing and keep practicing it whenever possible.(运用了过去分词作状语)

第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Isabella Pieri is an 11-year-old girl who lives with her father and brothers. She lost her mother two years ago because of an illness, which has a great influence on the details of daily life: The father has taken over all the family management, including the need to comb the beautiful red hair of his daughter.
Isabella’s dad chose to cut the girl’s hair. Her hair has been long, thick and undisciplined(蓬乱的). The best he could do was a simple ponytail(马尾辫). Little girls always care very much about their hairstyles. But Isabella didn’t complain to her father about her simple hairstyle. Instead, she turned to the lady who drives the school bus for help.
Sometimes Isabella had seen her classmates rely on the hands of the driver to get their hair in order before getting off the bus. Thus Tracy Dean came on the scene, with skills obviously not limited to driving large vehicles. Knowing the girl’s story, Tracy decided to comb her hair every morning. Therefore, Isabella can show off a look every day that inspires her to hold her head high.
Does all this daily care come from a simple instinct (本能) of goodness? It’s something more. A few years ago, Tracy Dean had cancer, and the fear of dying had led her to wonder who would take care of her children if she was dead. Mysteriously, that open wound in her heart prepared her for a lucky encounter with the same wounded heart of Isabella. Every day when she meets Isabella on the bus, she combs her hair and says she would like to introduce Isabella to her children. “Every hair on your head is counted.” she always says to Isabella. Tracy even expects Isabella to live with her children, which she believes would help her children to live a happy life when one day they are not with their mother.
Paragraph 1:
The story of Isabella and Tracy spreads quickly. ________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Isabella feels she is lucky to gain so much help. ________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Paragraph 1: The story of Isabella and Tracy spreads quickly. Isabella not only meets more people who would like to comb her hair but also many to provide financial help for her family. When she walks on the street with her father on the weekend, people meeting them always gently touch her hair, which makes Isabella feel very happy. Meanwhile, many people are willing to help Tracy. A hospital has even offered her free medical treatment. She never thought what she had done for Isabella would mean so much.
Paragraph 2: Isabella feels she is lucky to gain so much help. Now she can raise her head in front of her classmates, not only because of her tidy hair but also because of the confidence she has gained. She is very grateful for all the help she has received and determined to do what she can to help others in need when she grows up, even though what she can do might be something slight. She believes small things can also make a big difference to others’ life.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个11岁的女孩——Isabella Pieri，她的母亲在两年前去世，目前和父亲和兄弟一起生活，伊莎贝拉的爸爸不会给她梳理辫子便给她剪了头发，后来遇到校车司机特蕾西·迪恩每天帮她打理头发，这件事散布后，遇到了很多愿意为她的家庭提供经济帮助的人的故事。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“伊莎贝拉和特蕾西的故事很快就传开了。”可知，第一段可描写这一事件给她带来的影响。
②由第二段首句内容“伊莎贝拉觉得她很幸运能得到这么多的帮助。”可知，第二段可描写伊莎贝拉的改变以及感悟。
2. 续写线索：梳头发——散布——获得救济——感谢——自信——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①传开：spread/get about/take air/volume up
②抬起头来：look up/raise one’s head up/hold one’s head high
情绪类
①很幸运：be /feel lucky to
②感谢：thank sb for/show one’s appreciation/gratitude/be grateful
[高分句型1] Isabella not only meets more people who would like to comb her hair but also many to provide financial help for her family.这句话运用了who引导的定语从句。
[高分句型2] When she walks on the street with her father on the weekend, people meeting them always gently touch her hair, which makes Isabella feel very happy.这句话运用了which引导非限制性定语从句的结构。
[高分句型3] She is very grateful for all the help she has received and determined to do what she can to help others in need when she grows up, even though what she can do might be something slight.这句话运用了省关系代词的定语从句和what引导的宾语从句。