黑龙江省大庆市大庆中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份黑龙江省大庆市大庆中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共23页。

大庆中学2021-2022学年度下学期期末考试
高二年级英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
1. How does the woman feel about working in the city?
A. Scared. B. Disappointed. C. Excited.
2. What day is it today?
A. Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday.
3. What did the woman most probably do last night?
A. She went to a concert. B. She stayed with Lisa. C. She talked with the man.
4. What does the woman think of the man’s cellphone?
A. It doesn’t look good. B. It has strange functions. C. It has too few functions.
5. Where is most probably Mr Green now?
A. In a hotel’s hall. B. In a conference room. C. In a hotel room.
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What’s the man’s favorite music?
A. Pop music. B. Country music. C. Classical music.
7. What did the man do last Thursday night?
A. He went to a concert. B. He attended a meeting. C. He visited a country singer.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What does the man want to do tomorrow?
A. Go to a concert. B. Visit his grandfather. C. Go to school.
9. Why did Mr Brown know the man was lying?
A. Because the hospital was closed.
B. Because the man often lied to him.
C. Because he had called his grandfather.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How was the woman’s day?
A. Boring. B. Disappointing. C. Tiring.
11. What do the speakers agree to do in the end?
A. Take a walk. B. See a movie. C. Play poker.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Find her phone. B. Call Anna. C. Call Jack.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What day is today?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
14. Why was the woman late for conference?
A. Because she set off too late.
B. Because her car broke down.
C. Because she talked long with her boss.
15. What happened to the woman in the afternoon?
A. She lost her cellphone.
B. She ate something bad.
C. She missed an appointment.
16. What was the woman’s house like that night?
A. Noisy. B. Clean. C. Messy.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where is the office now?
A. In the east of the city.
B. In the south of the city.
C. In the center of the city.
18. How does Lisa usually go to work?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By bike.
19. What is Lisa doing now?
A. Resting at home. B. Enjoying a holiday. C. Taking a business trip.
20. How can Lisa contact the man for more information?
A. Leave him a message. B. By email. C. Give him a call.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
A
If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn’t miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism — while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas(帆布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofaí in Madrid.
1. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest?
A. The Arnolfini Portrait B. The Starry Night.
C. The Harvesters. D. Guernica.
2. What do we know about the painting The Starry Night?
A. It was painted on wood in oil.
B. It wasn’t widely recognized before 1941.
C. It described the painter’s life in hospital.
D. It was given away to the museum by a collector.
3. Who created the painting describing the tragedy of war?
A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder. B. Vincent van Gogh.
C. Jan van Eyck. D. Pablo Picasso.
B
It was five years ago that something unforgettable happened. My wife and I celebrated our 40th wedding anniversary that year. It was a lovely event hosted by our sons for us. My wonderful friends from the past surprised us with gifts and congratulations. Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west. We drove from Ontario into Alberta, then southward into Glacier National Park in Montana, and continued to Yellowstone National Park.
It was a cold spring day, and the Beartooth Highway had opened for the season just days before. Alongside the road, there was still a great amount of snow there. The scenery was so impressive that we made lots of stops to record memories with my camera. At the highest point of the highway, I stopped at a lookout to catch the amazing views, with my wife in the centre of my camera lens.
There were not many cars on the road. Sometimes, cars with energetic young tourists passed by. And then we heard a motorcycle in the distance. The driver of the motorcycle, who wore dirty clothes, parked behind our cars. As he approached us, his only words were, “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.” I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could express our gratitude. The photo he took is one of the most valuable and prized of our trip.
I learned my lesson somewhere I least expected it. We should never judge a man by his appearance. If the motorcycle driver reads this story and remembers the situation, we would like to say “Thank you” to him.
4. According to the passage, what do we know about the trip?
A. It was taken by train to the west.
B. It was a suggestion from their friends.
C. It was in the late autumn five years ago.
D. It was a gift for their wedding anniversary.
5. Why was the author nervous when the motorcycle driver offered to take a picture?
A. He could have lost the camera.
B. His wife might not be satisfied with the view there.
C. The motorcycle driver would borrow the camera.
D. The motorcycle driver might not be good at the taking pictures.
6. Which of the following best describes the driver of the motorcycle?
A. Kind and straightforward. B. Rich and generous.
C. Creative and capable. D. Careful and admirable.
7. Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?
A. No pains, no gains.
B. Seeing is believing.
C. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
D. The longest journey begins with the first step.
C
“Do not tell anyone”. We often hear these words when someone tells us a secret. But keeping a secret is hard. We’re often tempted(引诱) to “spill the beans”, even if we regret it later.
According to the professor, Asim Shah, keeping a secret may well “become a burden”. This is because people often have an “eager and anxious urge(冲动) to share it with someone”. An earlier study, led by Anita, a scientist at the University of Notre Dame, US, suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress. People entrusted(托付) with secrets can suffer from depression, anxiety, and body aches, reported the Daily Mail.
Secrets are so often getting out. Why do people share them at all? Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend. Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them. A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other. “Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone,” according to Shah.
He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out. But this doesn’t mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people. A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside. To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress, and make them talk about the secret.
Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret, you’d better put yourself in their position. Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn’t give the information away. Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someone’s secret you should come clean about it. Let the person know that their secret isn’t so secret anymore.
8. Why does the author say keeping a secret may “become a burden”?
A. Because people are born not to be able to keep secrets.
B. Because when people have secrets, their bodies ache.
C. Because keeping secrets is certain to cause depression.
D. Because keeping secrets could probably be harmful to health.
9. How many reasons have been mentioned in Paragraph 3 why people tend to share secrets?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
10. What does the underlined words “spill the beans” mean?
A. To fall by accident. B. To let out secrets on purpose.
C. To spread secrets to everyone around. D. To give away secrets unintentionally.
11. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Quiet people are more likely to keep the secrets to themselves.
B. Sharing secrets helps establish friendship or get over the, sense of guilt.
C. Putting yourself in others’ shoes helps realize the importance of keeping secrets.
D. A person who is asked to keep a secret will suffer from psychological problems only.
D
Global warming is the increase of the earth’s average surface temperature due to the effect of greenhouse gases, for example, carbon dioxide, which traps heat that would otherwise escape from the earth. After the trees are cut down and more greenhouse gases are released. The “blanket” around the earth called the ozone layer(臭氧层), will get thicker. This catches more heat and makes the earth hotter. Luckily, there are many things that every citizen of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it’s never too late or too early for children to take action.
The children should learn what a carbon footprint is. A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon and greenhouse gases people make as they lead the daily life and go about the normal activities. In other words, the carbon footprint is a measure of the environmental impact(冲击) the life has. To live an environmentally friendly life that doesn’t contribute to global warming, people want to have the smallest carbon footprint possible.
Almost everything people do contributes to global warming and is related to fossil fuel consumption. These can be direct uses of fossil fuels, like riding in a gasoline-powered car, or indirect contributions to greenhouse gases, such as eating fruits or vegetables that have to be shipped from far way to reach their tables.
If a child wants to make a contribution to reducing global warming, he should ride a bicycle to the near park, school, his friend’s house, or anywhere else instead of taking the car. Or he may try to walk or jog, which is also helpful. In addition, although trains and buses often run on fossil fuels, on average, each person uses less energy and produces less pollution to run. Next time if children with their parents have to get around town or it’s too far to walk or bike, take the bus or other public transportation instead of asking for a ride.
12. What is the main reason for global warming?
A. Too much greenhouse gases are released.
B. The ozone layer has caught more heat.
C. Much more ozone layer has been released.
D. The increase of the earth’s inner temperature results in the global warming.
13. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Life has an impact on carbon footprint.
B. The definition of a carbon footprint.
C. People should live an environmental friendly life.
D. People make a huge amount of carbon and greenhouse gases.
14. The author wants to write the passage for _________.
A. children B. parents C. children educators D. adults
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. What Can People Do To Use Less Energy?
B. Why Global Warming Affects Humans’ Life?
C. How Can Kids Help Reduce Global Warming?
D. How Does Carbon Footprints Measure Pollution?

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Technology sometimes goes wrong. And the more you use technology, the more you know it can go wrong. A connection drops. A printer will not print. An app crashes or a cell phone battery drains too fast. ___16___ First reactions may be to scream, throw the device against the wall, or cry. Instead, you may be able to solve the problem by yourself. By following these steps, you could solve some of the most common tech problems on your own.
Search the web
Learn about your tech problem on a search website, such as Google. ___17___ Find expert articles about solving the problem. If your issue is with recent tech, such as a software update, be sure to look for the most recent articles. Tech tips from years ago may not work now.
Check connection speed
Maybe you find that streaming, downloading and updating are moving slowly. ___18___ You may think something is wrong with your device when, really, your network is just slow.
Updates
Check for updates to make sure you have the most recent version of apps and software. You might be experiencing a problem from a bug that has been fixed in an update. But if you have not yet updated to the latest version you may miss the solution.
___19___
When your computer, phone or tablet is having issues, simply turn it off. Sometimes, software or app updates make your device turned off and restarted to work properly.
Ask the developer
___20___ If they do not have the answer, they still will be glad to know the problem exists. They cannot fix what they do not know is a problem.
A. Restart
B. Close apps
C. See what others have experienced.
D. Tech troubles can discourage users quickly.
E. Contact the developer of the app or software.
F. First, be sure to check your Internet connection speed.
G. Read instructions to see if you can find information about your issues.

第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
A doctor entered the hospital in a hurry after being called in for an urgent ___21___. He answered the call as soon as possible, changed his clothes and went directly to the operation block. He found the boy’s father ___22___ in the hall waiting for the doctor. On seeing him, the dad ___23___, “Why did you take all this ___24___ to come? Don’t you know that my son’s life is in danger? Don’t you have any sense of ___25___?”
The doctor smiled and said, “I am sorry. I wasn’t in the hospital and I ___26___as fast as I could after receiving the call. And now, I wish you to calm down ___27___ I can do my work.” “Calm down? What if your son is in this room right now, would you calm down? If your own son is ___28___ now what will you do?” said the father ___29___.
The doctor smiled again and replied, “I will say what Job said in the Bible, ‘From dust we came and to dust we return, blessed by the name of God.’ ____30____ cannot extend lives. Go and ____31____ for your son, and we will do our best by God’s grace.”
“Giving advice when we’re not ____32____ is so easy,” murmured the father. The operation took some hours ____33____ the doctor went out happily.
“Thank goodness! Your son is saved!” And without waiting for the father’s reply he carried on his ____34____ running. “If you have any question, ask the nurse!”
“Why is he so ____35____? Couldn’t he wait some minutes so that I could ask about my son’s ____36____?” commented the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left. The nurse answered, ____37____ coming down her face, “His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was in the funeral(葬礼) when we called him for your son’s operation. ____38____ now that he saved your son's life, he left running to finish his son’s funeral.”
Never____39____anyone easily...because you never know how their life is and what they’re____40____.
21. A. meeting B. operation C. career D. travel
22. A. pacing B. running C. jumping D. calling
23. A. admitted B. shouted C. whispered D. expressed
24. A. turn B. love C. cost D. time
25. A. humour B. pride C. responsibility D. honour
26. A. worked B. left C. moved D. came
27. A. in case B. even if C. until D. so that
28. A. lying B. dying C. missing D. dropping
29. A. sadly B. cheerfully C. angrily D. hopefully
30. A. God B. Teachers C. Doctors D. Friends
31. A. pray B. spell C. speak D. think
32. A. concerned B. worried C. lost D. tired
33. A. before B. for C. after D. with
34. A. spirit B. way C. trust D. dream
35. A. patient B. absent C. powerful D. proud
36. A. position B. state C. medicine D. life
37. A. sweat B. cold C. tears D. clouds
38. A. While B. But C. Or D. And
39. A. judge B. ignore C. explain D. believe
40. A. experiencing B. loading C. doing D. reducing

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Will it matter if you don’t take your breakfast? A test ___41___(give) in the United States in the past year. Those tests involved people ___42___ different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given ___43___(various) of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up ___44___(see) how well their bodies worked when they had eaten ___45___ certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with ___46___(good) effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be ___47___(especial) true if a person works with his brain. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk ___48___ provide enough energies before going to school, he or she will learn more quickly and listen with more attention to class. Opposite to ___49___ many people believe, if you don’t eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up ____50____(gain) weight instead of losing.

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
With the development of technology, more and more students prefer to using the electronic dictionary to replace the paper dictionary. Some students is in favor of the idea of using the electronic dictionary. They find it more convenient to look up for the words in the electronic dictionary than in the paper dictionary. Thus, it can save many time for them. Meanwhile, they think the electronic dictionary had many other functions. However, the English teachers hold total different views. They consider the electronic dictionary provides limiting explanations when the paper dictionary gives the students detailed examples. Every coin has two side. We should use their advantages. When we learn English, we should use the paper dictionary. For travelling, we maybe take electronic dictionary.

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
“双减”，即有效减轻学生过重作业负担和校外培训负担。自从国家出台相关文件后，引来了各方的关注和讨论，也使一些学生和家长无所适从。假设你是李华，一名即将毕业的高三学生，请你根据下面提示，就实施“双减”政策后学生如何规划自己的学习和课余生活，给你的同学们写一封建议信。内容包括：
1. 劳逸结合，锻炼身体。
2. 珍惜时间，高效学习
3. 祝愿我们都考入自己理想的大学。
要求：词数100左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：双减政策：“double-lightening the burden” policy
Dear classmates,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua


听力答案：1-5 CBBCB 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 CBBBC 16-20 CAABC
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四幅名画——从扬·凡·艾克的肖像画到巴勃罗·毕加索的杰作。它们都经受住了时间的考验。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段The Arnolfini Portrait中的“Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434.”第三段The Starry Night中的“during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Remy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890.”第四段The Harvesters中的“The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.”和第五段Guernica中的“Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937.”可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是最早创作的画。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据The Starry Night中的“When the Museum of Modem Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh's most famous works.（1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，它并不为人所知，但后来却成了梵高最著名的作品之一。）”可知，The Starry Night在1941年之前没有被广泛认可。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据Guernica的“Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937.（格尔尼卡是一幅黑白相间的大型油画，由古巴画家巴勃罗·毕加索于1937年创作。）”和“The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war.（这幅画描绘了战争的恐怖，因此成为反战的象征，并提醒人们战争的悲剧。）”可推断，巴勃罗·毕加索创造的油画描述了战争的悲剧。故选D。

【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述为了庆祝结婚四十周年，作者和妻子进行了一场旅行，在途中遇到一位骑摩托者，他原本是想帮他们拍照，但是他耿直的态度和脏乱的外表让作者误以为他要抢劫，作者写这篇文章为了感谢他并且告诉我们不能以貌取人。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west.（我们给对方的礼物是开车去西部旅行。）”可知，这次旅行是作者和妻子给对方的结婚纪念日礼物。故选D项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories.（我必须承认，我很紧张，因为我们刚刚创造了一些美好的回忆，可能会被抢劫。）”可知，作者担心这个骑摩托的人可能会抢走他们刚拍了美好照片的相机。故选A项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“As he approached us, his only words were, “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.” I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could express our gratitude.（当他走近我们时，他只说了一句话：“把你的相机给我，和你妻子一起过去。”我必须承认，我很紧张，因为我们刚刚创造了一些美好的回忆，我们可能会被抢劫。出人意料的是，他给我们拍了张照片，还没来得及表达我们的感激之情，他就把我的相机还给了我们，然后骑车走了。）”可知，这位骑摩托车的人和作者素不相识，可他却直接走过来让作者把相机给他，让作者误以为被抢劫，可结果证明他是好心，只是想要帮作者和妻子拍照，所以可以推断，这位骑摩托车的人是耿直且善良的。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据全文内容和最后一段“I learned my lesson somewhere I least expected it. We should never judge a man by his appearance.（我在最意想不到的地方吸取了教训。我们决不能以貌取人。）”可知，作者因为骑摩托者脏乱的外表和直接的态度怀疑他是抢劫者，可事实证明他只是好心想要帮助他们拍照，作者通过这件事告诉我们不能以貌取人。故选C项。

【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。保守秘密很难，有可能成为一种负担，因此人们常常急切地想与他人分享秘密，而我们也常常会将秘密告诉自己信任的人。两人之间分享秘密往往会令彼此更加亲密，不过不小心把秘密说漏嘴的情况也时有发生。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“An earlier study, led by Anita, a scientist at the University of Notre Dame, US, suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress. People entrusted(托付) with secrets can suffer from depression, anxiety, and body aches, reported the Daily Mail.”可知，美国圣母大学的科学家Anita早先做的研究表明保守秘密会导致压力，每日邮报报道，被托付保密的人会沮丧、焦虑、身体疼痛，所以保密是一个负担因为会对身体产生伤害。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend. Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them.”可知，Shah解释到人们常感觉分享秘密会帮助他们保持那个人做朋友，另一个分享秘密的原因是和亲密朋友保持秘密会感到内疚。本段说到了两个原因，故选A。
3. 词义猜测题。根据第一段的“But keeping a secret is hard. We’re often tempted(引诱) to “spill the beans”', even if we regret it later.”可知，保守秘密很难。我们经常受到引诱spill the beans，即使后来我们会后悔。结合句意，尤其是even if we regret it later可猜测划线部分的意思是“泄露秘密”。D. To give away secrets unintentionally.（无意地泄露秘密。）符合以上说法，故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret, you’d better put yourself in their position. Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn’t give the information away.（Shah说，要判断是否要告诉别人一个秘密，你最好设身处地地为他们着想。想象一下你被告知不要把信息说出去时的感受。）可知，我们应该设身处地为他人考虑他们保守秘密的难处。C. Putting yourself in others' shoes helps realize the difficulty of keeping secrets.（设身处地地为他人着想帮助意识到保守秘密的重要性。）符合以上说法，故选C。

【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述由于二氧化碳等温室气体的影响，全球开始变暖，号召人们教育和引导孩子为减少全球变暖采取实际行动，做出贡献。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Global warming is the increase of the earth’s average surface temperature due to the effect of greenhouse gases, for example, carbon dioxide, which traps heat that would otherwise escape from the earth.”（全球变暖指的是由于二氧化碳等温室气体的影响，地球表面平均温度的上升，这些气体会留住原本会从地球散发出去的热量。）由此可知全球变暖的主要原因就是太多的二氧化碳气体被释放。故选A。
2. 概括大意题。根据文章第二段“The children should learn what a carbon footprint is. A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon and greenhouse gases people make as they lead the daily life and go about the normal activities.”（孩子们应该了解什么是碳足迹。碳足迹是指人们在日常生活和日常活动中产生的碳和温室气体的总量。）由此可知，第二段主要就是介绍什么是碳足迹，故选B。
3. 读者群体题。根据文章第一段“Luckily, there are many things that every citizen of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it’s never too late or too early for children to take action.”（幸运的是，地球上的每个公民都可以做很多事情来帮助减少全球变暖的影响，对孩子们来说，采取行动永远不会太晚或太早。）结合短文主要讲述由于二氧化碳等温室气体的影响，全球开始变暖，号召人们教育和引导孩子为减少全球变暖采取实际行动，做出贡献。由此可知本文主要是主张教育孩子去帮助减少全球变暖的影响。因此推断这篇文章是写给儿童教育工作者的，故选C。
4. 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段“Luckily, there are many things that every citizen of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it’s never too late or too early for children to take action.”（幸运的是，地球上的每个公民都可以做很多事情来帮助减少全球变暖的影响，对孩子们来说，采取行动永远不会太晚或太早。）以及最后一段“If a child wants to make a contribution to reducing global warming, he should ride a bicycle to the near park, school, his friend’s house, or anywhere else instead of taking the car. Or he may try to walk or jog, which is also helpful.”（如果一个孩子想为减少全球变暖做出贡献，他应该骑自行车到附近的公园、学校、朋友家或任何其他地方，而不是开车。或者他可以尝试步行或慢跑，这也很有帮助。）由此可以总结文章的主题就是要让孩子们采取行动，帮助减少全球变暖的的影响。C选项“孩子们如何帮助减少全球变暖？”符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选C。

【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。技术问题时有发生，往往会很快让用户不高兴，但有时可以自己解决这些问题。文章主要就如何自己解决技术问题提出了一些步骤建议。
1. 根据上文“Technology sometimes goes wrong. And the more you use technology, the more you know it can go wrong. A connection drops. A printer will not print. An app crashes or a cell phone battery drains too fast.（科学技术有时会出问题。你使用技术的次数越多，你就越知道它可能会出错。比如，连接失败，打印机不能打印和应用程序崩溃或手机电池耗尽过快。）”以及后文“First reactions may be to scream, throw the device against the wall, or cry.（第一反应可能是尖叫，把设备扔到墙上，或叫喊。）”可知，上文提到了技术出现问题时有发生，后文则提到了第一反应是尖叫，把设备扔到墙上，可推知，本句是在说明技术问题会导致人们出现的反应。故D选项“技术问题会很快让用户不高兴”符合语境，故选D。
2. 根据上文“Learn about your tech problem on a search website, such as Google.（在搜索网站，如谷歌，上了解您的技术问题。）”以及后文“Find expert articles about solving the problem. （查找有关解决问题的专家文章。）”可知，本句属于承上启下句，上文提到去网上了解自己的技术问题，后文提到了找解决问题的专家文章，可推知是借助别人的经验来解决自己的问题。C选项中others可对应到后文中expert。故C选项“看看别人的经历”符合语境，故选C。
3. 根据后文“You may think something is wrong with your device when, really, your network is just slow.（当你的网络很慢的时候，你可能会认为你的设备出了问题。）”可知，后文提到了网络变慢导致设备问题，故本句是在说明要检查网速。F选项中Internet可对应到后文network。故F选项“首先，一定要检查你的网速”符合语境，故选F。
4. 本空为本段小标题，根据后文内容“When your computer, phone or tablet is having issues, simply turn it off. Sometimes, software or app updates make your device turned off and restarted to work properly.（当你的电脑、手机或平板电脑出现问题时，只需关掉它。有时，软件或应用程序更新会让你的设备关闭并重新启动正常工作。）”可知，本句建议的方式是重启设备。后文中restarted可对应到A选项Restart。故A选项“重新启动”符合语境，故选A。
5. 根据小标题“Ask the developer（问开发人员）”以及后文“If they do not have the answer, they still will be glad to know the problem exists. They cannot fix what they do not know is a problem.（如果他们没有答案，他们仍然会很乐于知道问题的存在。他们无法解决他们不知道的问题。）”可知，本段提出的建议是联系软件的开发人员，标题中the developer可对应到E选项中the developer。故E选项“联系应用程序或软件的开发者”符合语境，故选E。

【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个医生被医院召回来给一个孩子做手术，而孩子的父亲误解医生冷血，听了护士的话后这个父亲才明白原来医生正在承受着丧子之痛。由此本文告诉我们：永远不要轻易评判任何人，因为你永远不知道他们正在经历什么。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位医生接到紧急手术的电话后急匆匆地来到医院。A. meeting会议；B. operation手术；C. career生涯；D. travel旅行。根据下一句中的“the operation block”（手术室）可知此处指“急手术”，故选B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现男孩的父亲在大厅里踱步等医生。A. pacing踱步；B. running跑步；C. jumping跳；D. calling打电话。根据常识可知，亲人要做手术时，家人应该是在手术室外焦急地来回踱步等医生，故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一看到他，男孩的父亲就大喊：“你为什么这么久才来？你不知道我儿子有生命危险吗？你没有责任感吗？”A. admitted承认；B. shouted大喊；C. whispered低语；D. expressed表达。根据引号里的内容可知，男孩的父亲很焦急，也很生气，所以是对医生大喊，故选B。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. turn轮流；B. love爱；C. cost花费；D. time时间。根据语境可知，儿子要做紧急手术，父亲很担心，也很焦急，所以埋怨医生来晚了，即时间用久了。故选D。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. humour幽默；B. pride骄傲；C. responsibility责任；D. honour荣誉。根据上一句“Don’t you know that my son’s life is in danger?”可知，父亲责怪医生没有责任感，故选C。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生微笑着说：“对不起。我当时不在医院，接到电话后就尽快赶来了。现在，我希望你冷静下来，这样我才能安心手术。”A. worked工作；B. left离开；C. moved移动；D. came到来。根据空前的“I wasn’t in the hospital”可知，医生说自己当时不在医院，接到电话后就尽快赶来了，故选D。
7. 考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. in case万一；B. even if即使；C. until直到；D. so that以便。根据空后的“I can do my work”可知，医生劝男孩的父亲冷静下来，这样自己就可以安心为男孩做手术，故选D。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你的儿子要死了，你会怎么办？”父亲生气地说。A. lying说谎；B. dying死亡；C. missing想念；D. dropping下降。上文父亲说他儿子有生命危险，因此此处指“生命垂危”，故选B。
9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sadly伤心地；B. cheerfully高兴地；C. angrily生气地；D. hopefully有希望地。根据上文男孩的父亲责怪医生没有责任感的情节可知，他非常生气，故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生又笑了笑，回答说：“我要说约伯在圣经里说的话：‘我们从尘土中来，归尘土中，蒙神的名赐福’。医生不能延长生命。你去为你的儿子祈祷，我们就靠着神的恩典尽力了。”A. God上帝；B. Teachers老师；C. Doctors医生；D. Friends朋友。根据上文中的doctor和下文的“we will do our best by God's grace”可知此处指“医生”，故选C。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pray祈祷；B. spell拼写；C. speak说话；D. think思考。根据空后的“and we will do our best by God’s grace.”可知此处指“祈祷”，故选A。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在事不关己的时候给别人提建议总是很容易”，父亲喃喃地说。A. concerned有关的；B. worried担心的；C. lost迷路的；D. tired劳累的。父亲认为医生没有处于自己的境况中是体会不到自己的心情的，故选A。
13. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，医生高兴地走出手术室。A. before在……之前；B. for因为；C. after在……之后；D. with和……一起。根据空后“the doctor went out happily”可知，几个小时后，医生做完手术高兴地走出手术室，故选C。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没等父亲回答，他就跑着走了。A. spirit精神；B. way方式、路；C. trust信任；D. dream梦想。根据下文“he left running to finish his son’s funeral.”可知，医生赶着去忙自己儿子的葬礼，所以做完手术后匆匆离开，故选B。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他为什么这么傲慢？就不能等几分钟，让我问问我儿子的情况吗？”医生离开几分钟后，父亲在找护士时说。A. patient耐心的；B. absent缺席的；C. powerful有力的；D. proud骄傲的、傲慢的。上文说医生做完手术后就赶着去忙儿子的葬礼，由于太过匆忙而没有和男孩的父亲说明男孩的情况，因此父亲认为医生很傲慢，故选D。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. position职位；B. state状况；C. medicine药；D. life生活。根据常识和语境可知，做完手术后，医生通常要和病人家属说明手术的情况、病人的状况并嘱咐术后的注意事项，故选B。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：护士流着泪说：“他的儿子昨天死于交通事故。我们叫他给你儿子做手术时他正在葬礼上。既然他救了你儿子的命，他就跑去完成他儿子的葬礼。”A. sweat汗水；B. cold寒冷；C. tears泪水；D. clouds云彩。根据引号里的内容可知，医生的儿子昨天死于交通事故，这是个不幸的消息，所以护士说的时候流着眼泪，故选C。
18. 考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. While而；B. But但是；C. Or或者；D. And并且。根据句意可知，“我们叫他给你儿子做手术时他正在葬礼上”与“既然他救了你儿子的命，他就跑去完成他儿子的葬礼”是顺承关系，故选D。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：永远不要轻易评判任何人……因为你永远不知道他们的生活是怎样的，他们正在经历什么。A. judge判断；B. ignore忽视；C. explain解释；D. believe相信。根据上文男孩的父亲对医生的误解可知，我们永远不要轻易评判别人，故选A。
20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. experiencing经历；B. loading装载；C. doing做；D. reducing减少。根据上文“医生的儿子昨天死于交通事故”的情节可知，他正在经历着丧子之痛，故选A。

【答案】41. has been given
42. of / at
43. varieties
44. to see
45. a / some
46. better
47. especially
48. which/that
49. what
50. gaining
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过对一个实验测试的结论分析，说明了早餐对人的健康和工作效率的重要性。
1. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去的一年里，有人在美国做了一个测试。根据句中时间状语in the past year可知此处应使用现在完成时，主语test和give之间是被动关系，所以此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been given。
2. 考查介词。句意：参与测试的人来自不同年龄段，从12岁到83岁。people of/at different ages 意思是“不同年龄段的人”。故填at /of。
3. 考查名词的数。句意：实验中，给参与人提供各种各样的早餐。根据句意可知，此处考查短语varieties of“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们要做这些测试的目的是想看看某一种类型的早餐对身体是怎么影响的。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式to see表目的。故填to see。
5. 考查固定短语、冠词。句意：人们要做这些测试的目的是想看看 某一种类型的早餐对身体是怎么影响的。固定短语a/some certain kind of，意为“某一种”，故填a/some。
6. 考查形容词比较级。句意：结果表明，一个早餐吃得好的人的工作效率要比没他（或她）没吃早餐的效率高。此处应用形容词修饰名词effect，根据句中的than可知，应用该形容词的比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。
7. 考查副词。句意：（实验结果）这个现象在一个从事脑力劳动的人身上表现得特别真实。此处应用副词especially修饰形容词true。故填especially。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：一个学生在上学前如果吃了那些能提供足够能量的食物，比如牛奶、鸡蛋、水果和面包，那么他在学校里会学得更好听课更认真。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰名词fruit, eggs, bread and milk，且关系词在定语从句中充当主语，应用指物的关系代词。故填which/that。
9. 考查宾语从句。句意：与许多人相信的观点相反的是：如果你不吃早餐，你反而更容易变胖。介词短语opposite to后面是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指“……的事”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为人会觉得特别的饥饿，在中午时会吃得更多，结果导致体重增加，而不是减肥。动词固定搭配end up doing意思是“以……结束”，故填gaining。

【答案】1. using→use
2. is→are
3. look up for去掉for
4. many→much
5. had→has
6. total→totally
7. limiting→limited
8.第一个when→while
9. side→sides
10. electronic前加an
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了使用电子辞典的好处和坏处。学生认为电子词典会更加方便，但英语老师认为电子词典的解释不全面。
1. 考查固定短语。句意：随着科技的发展，越来越多的学生喜欢用电子词典代替纸质词典。固定搭配“prefer to do”译为“更喜欢、宁愿做”故将using改为use。
2. 考查主谓一致。句意：一些学生赞成使用电子词典。句子主语为some students（一些学生）是复数，谓语动词要用are。故将is改为are。
3. 考查固定搭配。句意：他们发现在电子词典中查找单词比在纸质词典中查找更方便。根据句意可知，此处表达“查阅单词”，所以需要用固定搭配look up（查阅）。故去掉for。
4. 考查数量词。句意：因此，它可以为他们节省许多时间。many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。此处修饰不可数名词time（时间），需要用much修饰。故将many改为much。
5. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：同时，他们认为电子词典还有很多其他功能。根据整篇文章时态可知，本文论述电子词典的优点和缺点需要使用了一般现在时。所以此处也要使用一般现在时。主语the electronic dictionary（电子词典）是单数，故将had改为has。
6. 考查副词。句意：然而，英语教师的观点却完全不同。根据句意可知，此处修饰形容词different（不同的）需要使用副词。故将total改为totally。
7. 考查形容词。句意：电子辞典提供有限的解释而纸质的词典能提供详细的例子。根据句意可知，此处表达“有限的解释”。limited译为“有限的、被限制的”，而limiting译为“限制的”。故将limiting改为limited。
8. 考查连词。句意：电子辞典提供有限的解释而纸质的词典能提供详细的例子。根据句意可知，此处将电子词典和纸质词典进行对比。while可以表示对比。故将when改为while。
9. 考查名词的数。句意：每个硬币都有两面。side是可数名词，前面有量词two进行修饰，所以需要用复数。故将side改为sides。
10. 考查冠词。句意：旅行时，我们可以带电子词典。名词electronic dictionary（电子词典）是可数名词，不能单独使用，前面需要用冠词。此次表达“可以带字典”是泛指概念，需要用不定冠词。electronic是元音音素开头。故在electronic前加an。

【答案】
Dear classmates,
Knowing that our government is advocating the “double-lightening the burden” policy, whose intention is to ease study pressure, I’m writing to offer you some suggestions about how to get used to the new policy. It is universally acknowledged that there exist some aspects we need to consider when putting the policy into effect.
To begin with, on no account can we ignore the importance of striking a proper balance between work and rest. In addition, make it a rule to form the habit of working out regularly, which is of great benefit to building up your strength and maintaining a good mindset. What’s more, there is no denying that a high value should be set on our time because reasonable time management will promote our effective learning to a great extent.
It is high time that measures should be taken to accustom ourselves to the new situation. I hold the firm belief that we all will be admitted into our ideal universities in the upcoming year. I would be more than happy if my proposals can be of help to you!
Yours,
Lihua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生就实施“双减”政策后学生如何规划自己的学习和课余生活，给同学们写一封建议信。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
目的：intention→purpose /aim
缓解：ease→relieve
绝不：on no account→in no way/in no case/by no means
此外：in addition→what’s more/besides
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：It is universally acknowledged that there exist some aspects we need to consider when putting the policy into effect.
拓展句：It is universally acknowledged that there exist some aspects we need to consider when we put the policy into effect.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that our government is advocating the “double-lightening the burden” policy, whose intention is to ease study pressure, I’m writing to offer you some suggestions about how to get used to the new policy.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和whose引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】In addition, make it a rule to form the habit of working out regularly, which is of great benefit to building up your strength and maintaining a good mindset.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）