人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册自主学习手册

UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Part 1　Reading and Thinking,Learning About Language

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.physiology　　n.生理学;生理机能
2.artemisinin n.[药]青蒿素
3.crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的
4.malaria n.疟疾
5.property n.性质;特征;财产
6.extract n.提取物;摘录
vt.提取;提炼;摘录;(用力)拔出
7.wormwood n.蒿;洋艾
8.obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得
vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行
9.acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
10.defeat n. 失败;挫败
vt. 击败;战胜
11.substance n.物质;物品;事实根据
12.insist vi.& vt. 坚持;坚决要求 
13.mostly adv.主要地;一般地
14.penicillin n.青霉素;盘尼西林
15.flee vi.& vt.迅速离开;逃跑
16.circumstance n.条件;环境;状况
17.flow n.流;流动;流畅;供应
vi.流;流动
18.chart n.图表
vt.记录;制订计划
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的 → vitally adv. 极其;紧要地;生死攸关地 → vitality n. 活力,生气;生命力,生动性
2.commit vt. 承诺;保证 vi. 忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等) →committed adj. 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 → commitment n. 承诺,保证;委托
3.academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校 → academic adj. 学业的;学术的→ academical adj. (与)学院(或大学)(有关)的
4.objective n. 目标;目的 adj.客观的 → object n. 目标;物体;客体 → objection n. 异议,反对
5.botanical adj. 植物学的 → botany n. 植物学 → botanist n. 植物学家
6.evaluate vt. 评价;评估 → evaluation n. 评价;[审计] 评估;估价;赋值
7.distinct adj. 清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→distinction n.差别;特性,性质
8.boil vt.& vi. (使)沸腾;煮开;烧开 n. 沸腾;沸点 → boiler n. 锅炉 → boiling adj. 炽热的 → boiled adj. 煮沸的,煮熟的
9.liquid n. 液体 adj. 液体的;液态的→liquor n. 烈性酒
10.analyse vt. 分析→analysis n. 分析
11.apparently adv. 显而易见;看来;显然 → apparent adj. 显然的;表面上的
12.scientific adj. 科学(上)的;关于科学的 → scientist n. 科学家 → science n. 科学;技术;学科
13.novelist n.小说家 → novel adj. 新奇的;异常的 n.(长篇)小说
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.The hospital has a 　　　　 (commit) to provide the best possible medical care. 
2.He is widely 　 　　　 (acknowledge) as the best football player in the world. 
3.He paused, 　　　　 (apparent) lost in thought. 
4.He determined that he would become an assistant 　　　　 (science). 
5.The main 　　　　(object) to the plan was that it would cost too much. 
6.The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their 　　　　 (evaluate) of the service. 
7.We insisted 　　　　 a refund of the full amount. 
8.The guests watched as she 　　　　 (flee) from the room. 
9.This deadline will be extended only in exceptional 　　　　 (circumstance). 
10.You’d better drink much 　　　　 (boil) water when you’ve got a cold. 
答案:1.commitment　2.acknowledged 3.apparently　4.scientist　5.objection
6.evaluation　7.on　8.fled 9.circumstances　10.boiled
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.The insurance policy does not cover damage caused by 　　　　　　　(磨损).  
2.The manager　　　　　　　　　　(坚决要求) retiring and trying to have a change of his life yesterday.  
3.They　　　　　　　　　　(得出结论) that drinking too much coffee is bad for health.  
4.　　　　　　 　　　　(普遍认为) that reading widely is beneficial to children.  
5.The president　　　　　　　 　　　(承诺)medical care reform. 
答案:1.wear and tear　2.insisted on　3.concluded a conclusion　4.It is acknowledged　5.committed himself to


假设你是李华,你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报,介绍你所敬佩的我国著名的科学家。请你根据下列提示写一篇英语短文介绍钱学森。
1.1934年从上海交通大学毕业后,钱学森前往美国深造,并在美国获得博士学位。(obtain)
After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, Qian Xuesen went to America for his further study and obtained his doctorate there.
2.当时,毕业后回到中国明显是一个充满艰辛的问题。(distinct)
At that time,coming back to China after graduation was an issue filled with distinct hardships.
3.因为他梦想把自己的一切都献给祖国,所以他设法回到了中国。(commit)
Because he dreamed greatly of committing all he had to motherland, he managed to return to China.
4.一到中国,他就着手安排他的研究工作。这给后来带来了巨大的成功。(upon doing)
Upon reaching China, he set about arranging his research work. This led to great success afterwards.
5.由于他的杰出成就,钱学森被公认为“中国航天之父”和“火箭之王”。(acknowledge)
Qian Xuesen is acknowledged as the Father of China’s Aerospace and the King of Rockets for his outstanding achievements.

1.用现在分词完成式的结构和where引导的定语从句升级第1句。
Having graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, Qian Xuesen went to America for his further study, where he obtained his doctorate.
2.用with复合结构升级第3句。
With the great dream to commit all he had to motherland,he managed to return to China.
3.用which引导的定语从句升级第4句。
Upon reaching China, he set about arranging his research work, which led to great success afterwards.
4.用强调句升级第5句。
It’s for his outstanding achievements that Qian Xuesen is acknowledged as the Father of China’s Aerospace and the King of Rockets.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
Having graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, Qian Xuesen went to America for his further study,where he obtained his doctorate. At that time, coming back to China after graduation was an issue filled with distinct hardships.However, with the great dream to commit all he had to motherland,he managed to return to China. Upon reaching China, he set about arranging his research work, which led to great success afterwards. It’s for his outstanding achievements that Qian Xuesen is acknowledged as the Father of China’s Aerospace and the King of Rockets.

课文概要写作
请根据教材第2～3页课文内容写一篇60词左右的概要。

1.确定文体及文章主旨大意。
文体:专题新闻报道。
主旨大意:这是2015年10月6日的一篇新闻报道。该新闻主要报道了屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的新闻事件以及相关的新闻背景,包括屠呦呦的生平经历,以及她带领团队为治疗疟疾发现并提取青蒿素的过程,最后通过屠呦呦的感言揭示她及其团队获得成功的
原因。
2.明确各段主旨。

3.概述各段要点。

4.提炼语言,完善概要。
　　Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for the discovery of artemisinin. Since 1967,she has led a team to try to discover new treatments for malaria with traditional botanical way. After repeated experiments, they finally found a way to get artemisinin, a standard treatment for malaria.Tu Youyou owed the discovery to her team and all the people of her country.
Part 2　Using Language,Assessing Your Progress,Video Time

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.found 　　　vt. 创建;建立;把……建立在 
2.numerous adj. 众多的;许多的
3.theory n. 理论;学说
4.formula n.公式;方程式;配方
5.genius n. (pl. geniuses) 天才;天资;天赋
6.patent n. 专利;专利证书;获得专利
adj. 有专利的;受专利保护的
7.extraordinary adj. 不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的
8.photoelectric adj. 光电的
9.moustache n.上唇的胡子;髭
10.encounter vt. 偶然碰到;遇到
n. 邂逅;遭遇
11.professor n.教授
12.mourn vt.& vi.哀悼;忧伤
13.device n. 方法;技巧;装置;仪器
14.sum vi. 总结;概括
n. 金额;款项;总数;总和
15.draft n. 草稿;草案
vt.起草;草拟
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.infer vt. 推断;推定 → inference n. 推理;推论;推断
2.politician n. 从政者;政治家;政客→politics n. 政治→political adj. 政治的,政府的
3.relativity n. 相对论;相对性 → relative adj. 相对的;有关系的 → relatively adv. 相当地;相对地 → relation n. 关系;叙述 → relate vt. 叙述;使……有联系
4.gentle adj. 温柔的;文静的 → gently adv. 轻轻地;温柔地 → gentleness n. 温顺;高贵
5.passion n. 酷爱;激情 → passionate adj. 热情的
6.doctorate n. 博士学位 → doctor vt. 篡改;伪造n. 医生;博士
7.institution n. 社会公共机构;制度;习俗 → institute n. (教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
8.consequence n. 结果;后果 → consequent adj. 随之发生的;作为结果的 → consequently adv. 因此;结果;所以
9.peculiarity n. 个性;特点;怪异的性质 → peculiar adj. 特殊的;独特的
10.remarkable adj. 非凡的;显著的 → remarkably adv. 显著地;非常地 → remark n. 注意;言辞 vt. 评论
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.She plays the violin　　　　(remarkable) well.  
2.He was one of the greatest mathematical　　　　(genius).  
3.As the small boat moved　　 　　 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.(2020全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)  
4.This poses a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and 　　　 　(consequence) to human health.  
5.You will　　 　　(gradual) get better at it—it’s just a question of practice.  
6.In rural areas, where ambulances can take a 　　　　 (relative) long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a lifesaving role.  
(2020江苏卷,阅读理解B)
7.It has an extremely tiny head and, by 　　　　 (infer), a tiny brain. 
8.Typically, each country has its own regulations and 　　　　 (peculiarity) in various areas. 
9.For many British people, that can apply to 　　　　 (institution) and objects that represent their country’s past—age-old castles, splendid homes... and red phone boxes. 
(2020江苏卷,阅读理解B)
10.The new manager 　　　　 (encounter) some difficulties in his first week. 
答案:1.remarkably　2.geniuses　3.gently 4.consequently　5.gradually　6. relatively 7. inference　8. peculiarities　9. institutions 10. encountered
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.I cannot　　　　　　　(总结) his opinion in one sentence.  
2.The Party　　　　　　　　　　(开始掌权) at the last election.  
3.He was lazy and rude.　　　　　　　　　　(结果), he was fired by the boss.  
4.He is going to Tibet to　　　　　　　　　　(担任要职).  
5.　　　　　　　　　　　 (他一进入) his room, he switched on his computer. 
答案:1.sum up　2.came to power　3.As a consequence 4.take up an important position　5.On/Upon entering


假设你是李华,你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报,介绍你最喜欢的科学家。请你根据下列提示写一篇英语短文介绍托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生(Thomas Alva Edison)。
1.托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生出生在美国。他是一位杰出的科学家和发明家。(extraordinary)
Thomas Alva Edison was born in America. He is an extraordinary scientist and inventor.
2.在他的一生中,他有极大的热情去发现事物是如何运作的,这帮助他后来取得了非凡的成就。(passion;remarkable)
In his lifetime, he had a great passion for discovering how things worked,and it helped him achieve remarkable achievements later.
3.他没有博士学位,但托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生获得的发明专利比其他任何美国人都多。(doctorate; patent)
He didn’t own any doctorate, but Thomas Alva Edison got more invention patents than any other American.
4.托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生于1931年去世,享年84岁。三天后,美国大部分地区调暗灯光来哀悼这位伟大的发明家。(mourn)
Thomas Alva Edison died at the age of eighty-four in 1931.Three days later, people in most of America dimmed the lights to mourn the great inventor.
5.他的名言之一是“天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水”,这给我留下了最深刻的印象。(genius)
One of his famous sayings is that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration,and it impresses me most.

1.用过去分词作状语升级第1句。
Born in America, Thomas Alva Edison is an extraordinary scientist and inventor.
2.用which引导定语从句升级第2句。
In his lifetime, he had a great passion for discovering how things worked, which helped him achieve remarkable achievements later.
3.用despite the fact that引导同位语从句升级第3句。
Despite the fact that he didn’t own any doctorate, Thomas Alva Edison got more invention patents than any other American.
4.用what引导主语从句升级第5句。
What impresses me most is one of his famous sayings that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
Thomas Alva Edison is the first person in human history to have a far-reaching impact on the world by engaging in a large number of invention patents.
Born in America, Thomas Alva Edison is an extraordinary scientist and inventor.
In his lifetime, he had a great passion for discovering how things worked, which helped him achieve remarkable achievements later. Despite the fact that he didn’t own any doctorate, Thomas Alva Edison got more invention patents than any other American. Thomas Alva Edison died at the age of eighty-four in 1931. Three days later, people in most of America dimmed the lights to mourn the great inventor.
What impresses me most is one of his famous sayings that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.

课文语法填空
　　Albert Einstein is often considered one of the 1.　　　　 (smart) men who ever lived. He made numerous contributions to the world and he was a 2.　　　　 (courage) and kind figure loved by many people.Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. When he was 16, he failed to enter university in Switzerland, 3.　　　　 he managed to pass the exam after 4.　　　　 (study) for another year. In 1905,
he published four extraordinary physics papers, for which he became famous
throughout the world. In 1922, he 5.　　　　 (award) the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. In 1933, Einstein fled Germany after Hitler came 6.　　　　 power in Germany and he took up 7.　　　　 position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued 8.　　　　 (make) great achievements in physics and mathematics.On 18 April 1955, it 9.　 　　　(report) that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant 10.　　　　 (science).  
答案:1.smartest　2.courageous　3.but　4.studying　5.was awarded　 6.to　7.a　8.to make　9.was reported　10.scientist
UNIT 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
Part 1　Reading and Thinking,Learning About Language

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.phrase　　　n.短语;词组
2.switch vt.转换;交换
vi.& vt.(使)改变;转变
n.开关;转换器;改变
3.knob n.旋钮;球形把手
4.mode n.模式;方式;风格
5.routine n.常规;正常顺序
adj.常规的;日常的
6.instant n.瞬间;片刻
adj.立即的;速食的;速溶的
7.command n.指令;命令;控制
vt.命令;控制
8.obey vi.& vt.服从;遵守
9.critical adj.严重的;关键的;批判性的
10.cancer n.癌;癌症;毒瘤
11.leak vi.& vt.漏;渗漏;透露
n.漏洞;裂缝;透露
12.available adj.可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的
13.nevertheless adv.尽管如此;不过;然而
14.structure n.结构;体系
vt.系统安排;精心组织
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.persuade vt.劝说;说服→persuasive adj.有说服力的→persuasion n.说服
2.distant adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的→distance n.距离;远方→distantly adv.疏远地
3.secure adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护→security n.安全;
保证
4.automatic adj.自动的→automatically adv.自动地;机械地
5.integrate vi.& vt.(使)合并;成为一体→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的;综合的
6.efficient adj.效率高的;有功效的→efficiency n.效率;功效→efficiently adv.有
效地
7.preference n.爱好;偏爱→prefer vt.更喜欢;宁愿
8.warning n.警告;警示;先兆→warn vt.警告,提醒
9.constant adj.不断的;重复的;不变的 n.常数;常量→constantly adv.不断地;时常地
10.abnormal adj.不正常的;反常的→normal adj.正常的;正规的→normally adv.正常地
11.potential adj.可能的;潜在的 n.潜力;可能性→potentially adv.潜在地;可能地
12.electrical adj.电的;用电的→electricity n.电力;电流→electric adj.电动的
13.detect vt.发现;查明→detector n.探测器→detective n.侦探
14.relevant adj.有关的;有意义的→relevance n.关联→relevantly adv.贴切地
15.innovation n.创新;创造→innovative adj.革新的→innovate vi.创新
16.combine vt.& vi.(使)结合;混合→combination n.结合;组合;联合
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.Chest pains can be a 　　　　 (warn) signal of heart problems. 
2.His eyes were fixed on a small house in the 　　　　 (distant). 
3.For reasons of 　　　　 (secure) the door is always kept locked. 
4.We give 　　　　 (prefer) to applicants with some experience. 
5.He 　　　　 (constant) feels he has to prove himself to others. 
6.There are many ways to increase agricultural 　　　　 (efficient) in the poorer areas of the world. 
7.The use of this material does not affect the 　 　　　 (electricity) performance. 
8.The engines shut off 　　　　 (automatic) in an emergency. 
9.The 　　　　 (normal) bleeding is your body’s own red flag of danger. 
10.This technical 　　　　 (innovate) will save us much time and labour. 
答案:1.warning　2.distance　3.security 4.preference　5.constantly　6.efficiency 7.electrical　8.automatically　9.abnormal 10.innovation
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.Last night, I forgot to 　　　　　　　　(关掉) the lights when I left the office. 
2.My 　　　　　　　　(日常生活) includes going to the gym for a workout before going to bed. 
3.Their house 　　　　　　　　(着火) while they were away. 
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　(从这个意义上说), children and adults have equal rights. 
5.Richard picked up the 　　　　 　　　　(遥控器) and turned on the television. 
答案:1.switch/turn off　2.daily routine 3.caught fire　4.In this sense
5.remote control


智能手机在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。从这个意义上说,它极大地改变了大多数人的日常生活。请根据以下要点写一篇征文,介绍智能手机的使用情况,发表在校报的英文版面上。
1.智能手机在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。(critical)
The smartphones play a critical role in our daily routine.
2.从这个意义上说,它极大地改变了人们的生活模式和交流方式。(in this sense;mode)
In this sense, it has greatly changed people’s life mode and the way of communication.
3.我们对某些应用程序有偏好。这些应用程序可以丰富我们的日常生活。(preference)
We have a preference for certain apps.These apps can enrich our daily life.
4.我过去常常通过电话联系朋友。现在我已经切换到社交软件,社交软件可以让我轻松地和远方的朋友们分享我的情绪和情感。(switch;distant)
I used to contact friends by phone.Now I have switched to social software which allows me to share my emotions and feelings with distant friends easily.
5.然而,我经常感到焦虑。(nevertheless)
Nevertheless, I often feel anxious.
6.为了保持消息灵通,我不得不不断更新我的智能手机,这经常让我分心。(constantly)
To stay informed, I have to constantly update my smartphone, which often makes me distracted.
7.如果个人信息泄露,安全将难以保证。(leak;security)
If personal information is leaked, the security will be hard to be guaranteed.

用which引导的定语从句升级第3句。
We have a preference for certain apps which can enrich our daily life.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
Nowadays, the smartphones play a critical role in our daily routine.In this sense, it has greatly changed people’s life mode and the way of communication.We have a preference for certain apps which can enrich our daily life.I used to contact friends by phone.Now I have switched to social software which allows me to share my emotions and feelings with distant friends easily.Nevertheless, I often feel anxious.To stay informed, I have to constantly update my smartphone, which often makes me distracted.Besides, if personal information is leaked, the security will be hard to be guaranteed.
To sum up,we should treat smartphones correctly.

课文概要写作
请根据教材第14～15页课文内容写一篇60词左右的概要。

1.确定文体及文章主旨大意。
文体:说明文。
主旨大意:文章介绍了智能家居在未来生活中的应用,从现实生活中常遇到的问题出发,介绍了未来生活场景中智能家居具有的智能控制、健康检查、防范灾害等功能。
2.明确各段主旨。

3.概述各段要点。

4.提炼语言,完善概要。
提炼各段要点,去掉多余信息,恰当添加过渡性语句,连句成篇。
In the future,we will live in smart homes which hold many advantages.
Equipped with integrated sensors, they can intelligently control almost everything in our homes.Your smart home will not only monitor your health and give you valuable advice,but also prevent serious damage from disasters.This new technology will be used in most new homes soon.
Part 2　Using Language,Assessing Your Progress,Video Time

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.nanobot　　　n.纳米机器人
2.artificial adj.人工的;人造的;假的
3.clone vt.克隆;以无性繁殖技术复制
n.克隆动物(或植物)
4.forecast vt.& n.预测;预报
5.hence adv.因此;由此
6.cease vi.& vt.(使)停止;终止
7.deceased adj.已死的;亡故的
8.rural adj.乡村的;农村的
9.career n.职业;事业
10.prospect n.可能性;前景
11.paragraph n.段;段落
12.signpost n.路标
13.essay n.文章
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.predict vt.预测;预言;预料→prediction n.预测;预言
2.occupation n.职业;占领→occupy vt.占据,占领→occupied adj.已占用的;使用中的;无空闲的
3.oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠→opposed adj.相反的;敌对的→opposite adj.相反的;对面的;对立的
4.absence n.不存在;缺乏;缺席→absent adj.缺席的;缺少的
5.advocate vt.提倡;支持;拥护 n.提倡者;支持者;拥护者→advocation n.拥护;支持
6.emphasis n.强调;重视;重要性→emphasise/ emphasize vt.强调,着重
7.luxury n.奢华→luxurious adj.奢侈的;丰富的
8.resist vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡→resistance n.抵制;反抗;抗拒→resistant adj.抵抗的,反抗的
9.accurate adj.精确的;准确的→accuracy n.[数] 精确度,准确性→accurately adv.精确地,准确地
10.librarian n.图书管理员;图书馆馆长→library n.图书馆,藏书室
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.Weather 　　　　 (predict) has never been a perfect science. 
2.He is 　　　　 (oppose) to his daughter’s marriage. 
3.The decision was made in my 　　　　 (absent). 
4.Particular 　　　　 (emphasis) will be placed on oral language training. 
5.There has been a lot of 　　　　 (resistant) to this new law. 
6.The students put the books on the library desk, and the 　　　　 (library) checked them in. 
7.The number of 　　　　 (luxury) housing developments has sharply increased in the last several years. 
8.Historical 　　　　 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.(2020山东卷,语法填空) 
9.Although it was off-season, the hotel was fully 　　　　 (occupy). 
10.We are 　　　　 (advocate) of the world peace. 
答案:1.prediction　2.opposed　3.absence 4.emphasis　5.resistance　6.librarian
7.luxurious　8.accuracy　9.occupied
10.advocates
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (一方面),too much pressure affects people’s health. 
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (缺乏……时)actual data, the report was unreliable. 
3.I would 　　　　　　　　 (反对建造) a large supermarket near our school. 
4.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (与……保持联系) my friends through the Internet. 
5.I 　　　　　　　　　　 (从……中受益匪浅) his lecture. 
答案:1.On (the) one hand　2.In the absence of 3.oppose building　4.keep in touch with 5.benefit a lot from


假设你是某科技公司的营销员李华,在公司即将举行的新品发布会上,将由你为参会者介绍新研制的一款家用机器人。请根据以下内容要点用英语写一篇发言稿。
1.现在我要介绍一款人工智能程度很高的家用机器人。这款机器人是为照顾没有孩子在身边的老人而设计的。(artificial intelligence; absence)
Now I will introduce a household robot with high artificial intelligence. It is designed to take care of old people in the absence of their children.
2.它不仅可以接收主人的语音指令,还可以处理一些突发事件。(command)
It can not only receive its master’s voice commands, but also can deal with some emergencies.
3.在机器人的帮助下,老人可以很容易地与他们的孩子保持联系。(keep in touch with)
With the help of the robot, the old can easily keep in touch with their children.
4.虽然有一些人反对发明这样的机器人,但其市场前景依旧很光明。(oppose; prospect)
Although such kinds of robots are opposed by some people, they still have a bright marketing prospect.
5.预计它将成为一个家庭的大帮手,使生活更方便。(predict)
It is predicted that it will be a big helper in a family and make life more convenient.

1.用which引导的定语从句升级第1句。
Now I will introduce a household robot with high artificial intelligence, which is designed to take care of old people in the absence of their children.
2.用含有not only的倒装句升级第2句。
Not only can it receive its master’s voice commands, but it can also deal with some emergencies.
3.用过去分词作定语简化第4句。
Although opposed by some people,such kinds of robots still have a bright marketing prospect.
4.用现在分词作状语升级第5句。
It is predicted that it will be a big helper in a family, making life more convenient.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
Now I will introduce a household robot with high artificial intelligence, which is designed to take care of old people in the absence of their children.Not only can it receive its master’s voice commands, but also it can deal with some emergencies.What’s more,with the help of the robot, the old can easily keep in touch with their children. Although opposed by some people,such kinds of robots still have a bright marketing prospect.It is predicted that it will be a big helper in a family, making life more convenient.

课文语法填空
Are the advances in technology unnecessary and 1.　　　　 (danger)? There are two 2.　　　　 (opinion) on it.On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live 3.　　　　 (happy) in the absence of new technology.For example, the Amish living in rural America advocate a simple life with 4.　　　　 emphasis on hard work, family, and community.In fact, they prefer 5.　　　　 (live) in and appreciate the natural environment rather than live in large, 6.　　　　 (pollute) cities.On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years.For example, the latest weather-tracking computer 7.　　　　 (programme) give people lots of warnings about potential 8.　　　　 (nature) disasters, 9.　　　　 saves many lives.Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and families to keep in touch easily even if they are 10.　　　　 opposite sides of the world. 
答案:1.dangerous　2.opinions　3.happily　4.an　5.to live　6.polluted　7.programmes　8.natural　 9.which　10.on
UNIT 3　FASCINATING PARKS
Part 1　Reading and Thinking, Learning About Language

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.buffet　　　vt.连续猛击;打来打去
n.自助餐
2.cloth n.(一块)布;织物;布料
3.edge n.边;边缘;边线;刀刃
vt.& vi.(使)徐徐移动;给……加边
4.valley n.谷;山谷;溪谷
5.vast adj.辽阔的;巨大的;庞大的
6.glacier n.冰川
7.reindeer n.驯鹿
8.territory n.领土;版图;领域;地盘
9.ban vt.明令禁止;取缔 
n.禁令
10.boundary n.边界;界限;分界线
11. cottage n.小屋;(尤指)村舍;小别墅
12.sour adj.酸的;有酸味的
13. sneeze vi.打喷嚏
n.喷嚏;喷嚏声
14.teapot n.茶壶
15.label vt.用标签标明;贴标签
n.标签;标记
16.cream n.奶油;乳脂;护肤霜
adj.奶油色的;淡黄色的
17.leopard n.豹
18. stretch vi.延伸;延续
vi.& vt.伸展;舒展
19.bush n.灌木
20.lung n.肺
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.visible adj.看得见的;可见的 → vision n.视力;美景;眼力 → visual adj.视觉的;视力的;栩栩如生的
2.accompany vt.陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏 → accompanied adj.伴随的;相伴的
3.adopt vt.采用;采取;采纳 vt.& vi.领养 → adopted adj.收养的;领养的 → adoption n.采用;收养;接受 → adoptive adj.采用的;有收养关系的 
4.bless vt.祝福 → blessing n.祝福;赐福;祷告
5.prohibition n.禁止;阻止;禁令 → prohibit
vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;阻止
6.journalist n.新闻记者;新闻工作者 → journal n.日报;杂志;日记;分类账 → journalism  
n.新闻业;新闻工作
7.rewarding adj.值得做的;有益的 → reward
n.报酬;报答;酬谢
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.He 　　　　 (ban) from driving for six months. 
2.It was a most fruitful discussion, with both sides agreeing 　　　　 (adopt) a common policy. 
3.It’s a 　　　　 (bless) that nobody was in the house at the time. 
4.All the products are 　　　　 (label) with comprehensive instructions. 
5.There is evidence that 　　　　 (prohibit) of plastic bags can work. 
6.He had a 　　　　 (visible) of a world in which there would be no wars. 
7.Volunteering is fun and 　　　　 (reward), but if you want to be a good volunteer, you need to learn more. 
8.As a 　　　　 (journal), she has always had a nose for a good story. 
9.The town’s history 　　　　 (stretch) back to before 1,500. 
10.More than 110 children in this region have been 　　　　 (adopt) in the past two decades. 
答案:1.was banned　2.to adopt　3.blessing 4.labelled　5.prohibition　6.vision
7.rewarding　8.journalist　9.stretches　10.adopted
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.Students in high school 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (被禁止吸烟). 
2.Mom used to 　　　　　　　　(依靠……生活) the interest from her savings. 
3.The singer 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 (用钢琴伴奏) by her sister. 
4.Jack never wanted to stay in one place for very long, so he was always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (移动,辗转). 
5.When 　　　　　　　　 (动身) on a long walk, they always wear suitable boots. 
答案:1.are banned from smoking　2.live off 3.was accompanied on the piano　4.on the move　5.setting out


请根据下面的提示,写一篇英语短文,描述自己爬泰山的经历及感想。
1.今年夏天我去了泰山,我的朋友们陪着我。(accompany)
I went to Mount Tai this summer.My friends accompanied me.
2.我们凌晨1点出发,花了3个多小时才到达山顶。(set out)
We set out at 1 o’clock in the morning and it took us over three hours to get to the top.
3.当我们站在山谷的边缘时,我们欣赏着上升中的灿烂的太阳。(edge; on the move)
While we stood on the edge of the valley, we admired the splendid sun on the move.
4.看着太阳慢慢升起,我们觉得在这样一个美丽的地方是值得的。(rewarding)
Seeing the sun rising slowly, we felt it was rewarding to be in such a beautiful place.
5.下面还可以看到奈河,它像一条带子一样流过山谷。(visible)
The Naihe River was also visible below,which flowed through the valley like a belt.

1.用过去分词作状语升级第1句。
I went to Mount Tai this summer, accompanied by my friends.
2.用现在分词作状语并使用定语从句升级第3句。
Standing on the edge of the valley, we admired the splendid sun which was on the move.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
I went to Mount Tai this summer, accompanied by my friends.We set out at 1 o’clock in the morning and it took us over three hours to get to the top.Standing on the edge of the valley, we admired the splendid sun which was on the move.Seeing the sun rising slowly, we felt it was rewarding to be in such a beautiful place.Meanwhile, the Naihe River was also visible below,which flowed through the valley like a belt.

课文概要写作
请根据教材第26～27页课文内容写一篇60词左右的概要。

1.确定文体及文章主旨大意。
文体:说明文。
主旨大意:本文介绍了萨勒克群山的地理位置和萨米人的生活习性,以及国家对萨勒克国家公园的保护,点明了人类发展与自然环境保护要和谐一致的主题,引发了学生对环境及人类命运共同体现状的思考。
2.明确各段主旨。

3.概述各段要点。

4.提炼语言,完善概要。
提炼各段要点,去掉多余信息,恰当添加过渡性语句,连句成篇。
I hike on the Sarek mountains in the Sarek National park, where the sun never sets in summer.The Sami people made the land of mountains and ice their home.People live in harmony with nature and the place was made a national park.As a hiker, being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel happy.
Part 2　Using Language, Assessing Your Progress, Video Time

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.corridor　　　n.狭长地带;走廊;过道;通道
2.pedal n.(自行车等的)脚蹬子;踏板
vt.& vi.骑自行车;踩踏板
3.fountain n.喷泉;人工喷泉;喷水池
4. route n.路线;路途;途径
5.ahead adv.向前;在前面;提前
6. theme adj.有特定主题的
n.主题;主题思想
7.pirate n.海盗;盗版者
vt.盗印;窃用
8. wander n.游荡;闲逛;流浪
vt.& vi.闲逛;漫游
vi.走失;离散;走神
9.enormous adj.巨大的;极大的
10.swing vt.& vi.( swung, swung) (使)摆动;摇摆;转弯;(使)突然转向
11. iron n.铁;铁器;铸铁;熨斗 
vt.& vi.(用熨斗)熨;烫平
12.steam n.蒸汽;水蒸气;蒸汽动力
vi.蒸发;散发蒸汽;冒水汽
13.superb adj.极佳的;卓越的 
14.aquarium n.水族馆;水族玻璃槽;养鱼缸
15.splendid adj.壮丽的;雄伟的;极佳的;非常好的 
16.display n.展览;陈列;展览品
vt.显示;陈列
17. appetite n.食欲;胃口;强烈欲望
18.column n.(书、报纸印刷页上的)栏;专栏;柱(形物)
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.cycle n.自行车;摩托车;循环 vi.骑自行车 → cycling n.骑脚踏车消遣;骑脚踏车兜风 → cyclist n.骑自行车的人 
2.incredible adj.极好的;极大的;难以置信的 → incredibly adv.难以置信地;非常地 → (反义词)credible adj.可靠的,可信的
3.appeal vi.有吸引力;呼吁;恳求;上诉 n.吸引力;呼吁;上诉;请求 → appealing adj.吸引人的;动人的;引起兴趣的
4.adorable adj.可爱的;讨人喜爱的 → adore vt.崇拜;爱慕;喜爱;极喜欢
5.amuse vt.(提供)消遣;(使)娱乐 → amusement n.娱乐(活动);愉悦 → amusing adj.有趣的,好玩的;引人发笑的 → amused adj.被逗乐的;觉得好笑的
6.fashion n.时尚;时兴;流行款式 → fashionable adj.流行的;时髦的;上流社会的
7.rare adj.稀少的;珍贵的;(肉)半熟的 → rarely adv.很少地;难得;罕有地
8.polar adj.(近)极地的;南极(或北极)的;磁极的 → pole n.杆;极点;电极
9.entertainment n.娱乐;招待;娱乐活动;文娱节目 → entertaining adj.令人愉快的 → entertained adj.娱乐的;愉快的 → entertain vt.娱乐;招待;怀抱
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.To my 　　　　 (amuse), he couldn’t get the door open. 
2.Sports have become an important form of 　　　　 (entertain), appealing to all students. 
3.The morning warmth changes the flowers in a way to make them more 　　　　 (appeal) to insects. 
4.He 　　　　 (rare) went to the cinema with his parents. 
5.They looked for the　　　　 (cycle) but he was already out of sight. 
6.He lives a very simple life for a man who has become 　　　　 (incredible) rich. 
7.I would buy more clothes to make myself look more 　　　　 (adore) than before. 
8.I learned quite a lot about those animals and 　　　　 (pole) areas. 
9.Our clothes are lightweight, 　　　　 (fashion), practical for holidays. 
10.The new bridge has been finished two years ahead 　　　　 schedule. 
答案:1.amusement　2.entertainment　 3.appealing　4.rarely　5.cyclist　　
6.incredibly　7.adorable　8.polar　 9.fashionable　10.of
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.Try to play music that will 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (吸引他们). 
2.His sudden death turned her world 　　　　　　　　　 (颠倒). 
3.The course about Chinese food attracts over 100 students per year, of whom
　　　　　　　　　　 (达到) half are from overseas. 
4.My teacher put my painting 　　　　　　　　 (展览), so other classes could see it. 
5.Your hard work will make your dream 　　　　　　　　(变成现实). 
答案:1.appeal to them　2.upside down　3.up to 4.on display　5.come true


假设你是学习英文报社的小记者李华,你的家乡建了一个中国民俗文化主题公园,请根据以下要点,写一篇有关主题公园的英语短文。
1.现在无论走到哪里,我们都能看到主题公园。(wherever)
Wherever we go nowadays,we can see theme parks.
2.有些主题我们很熟悉。(familiar)
Some of the themes are familiar to us.
3.让我们高兴的是,我的家乡建了一个中国民俗文化主题公园。(amusement)
To our amusement, a Chinese folk culture theme park has been built in my hometown.
4.当你在公园里漫步时,可以在走廊前看到茶壶形的喷泉和巨大的过山车。(wander; visible)
When you wander in the park, the fountain in the shape of a teapot and an enormous roller coaster will be visible before the corridor.
5.它们很吸引游客。(appeal)
They appeal to tourists very much.
6.当你累了,你可以去一个供应美味酸奶油的小屋。(cottage)
When you feel tired, you can go to a cottage which offers delicious sour cream.
7.在小星里,你的胃口会得到极大的满足。(appetite)
In the cottage your appetite will be greatly satisfied.

1.用定语从句合并第1句和第2句。
Wherever we go nowadays, we can see theme parks, some of which are familiar to us.
2.用强调句升级第5句。
They do appeal to tourists very much.
3.用现在分词作定语以及where引导的定语从句合并升级第6句和第7句。
When you feel tired, you can go to a cottage offering delicious sour cream, where your appetite will be greatly satisfied.

　　用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
Wherever we go nowadays, we can see theme parks, some of which are familiar to us.To our amusement, a Chinese folk culture theme park has been built in my hometown.When you wander in the park, the fountain in the shape of a teapot and an enormous roller coaster will be visible before the corridor.As a result,they do appeal to tourists very much.When you feel tired, you can go to a cottage offering delicious sour cream, where your appetite will be greatly satisfied.

课文语法填空
There are various kinds of theme parks and they are famous 1.　　　　 different themes. 
The theme park you are 2.　　　　 (probable) most familiar with is Disneyland, which can be found in several parts of the world.In Disneyland, you can travel through space, visit a pirate ship or meet your favourite fairy tale or cartoon character.You can also enjoy many 3.　　　　 (excite) rides. 
Dollywood, 4.　　　　 (lie) in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world.
Dollywood’s main attraction is 5.　　　　 (it) culture.You can see famous country music groups perform, and skilled workers make objects in the 6.　　　　way.You can also ride Thunderhead, 7.　　　　 is world-famous for having the longest track in the smallest space. 
Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai, China, is one of the leading
ocean-themed 8.　　　　 (park) in the world.Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquarium and see up 9.　　　　 20,000 fishes.Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both educational and fun.The park has plenty of restaurants with 10.　　　　 (taste) food for every appetite. 
答案:1.for　2.probably　3.exciting　4.lying　5.its　6.old-fashioned　7.which　8.parks　9.to　10.tasty
UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
Part 1　Reading and Thinking,Learning About Language

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.gesture　　　n.手势;姿势;姿态
2.witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证
n.目击者;证人
3.identical adj.相同的 
4. cheek n.面颊;脸颊
5.bow vi.鞠躬;点头
vt.低(头)
6. waist n.腰;腰部
7.barrier n.隔阂;障碍
8.fake adj.假装的;假的;冒充的
9.incident n.发生的事情;严重事件;冲突
10. trial n.& v.审讯;审判;试验;试用
11. twin adj.双胞胎之一的;孪生之一的
n.孪生之一;双胞胎之一
12. nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的;非言语的
13.internal adj.内部的;里面的
14. slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
15.pose n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆
的)姿势
vi.摆好姿势
vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
16.bend vt.& vi.(使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1. interaction n.交流;相互影响→interact vt.互相影响;互相作用→interactive adj.交互式的;相互作用的
2.vary vi. (根据情况)变化;改变 →various adj.各种各样的;多方面的 → variety n.多样;种类;杂耍;变化;多样化
3.appropriate adj.合适的;恰当的→appropriately adv.适当地;合适地;相称地
4. approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过→ approval n.批准;认可;赞成
5.demonstrate vt.表现;表达;说明;证明→demonstration n.示范;证明;示威游行
6.employ vt.使用;应用;雇用 →employee n.雇员;从业员工→employment n.使用;职业;雇用 →employer n.雇主,老板
7.interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译→interpretation n.解释;翻译;演
出→interpreter n.解释者;口译者
8. differ vi.相异;不同于→different adj.不同的;个别的;与众不同的→difference n.差异;不同;争执
9.favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同→favourite adj.特别受喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人(或物)→favourable adj.有利的;顺利的;赞成的
10.anger n.愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒→angry adj.生气的;愤怒的
11.reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的→reliably adv.可靠地;确实地→rely vi.依靠;信赖
12.slight adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的→slightly adv. 略微;稍微 
13.assessment n.评价;评定→assess vt.评估;评价
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.More than 750,000 students have graduated from SAC,with many seeking employment in engineering,education,medicine and a wide 　　　　 (vary) of other professions. 
2. The firm has over 500 　　　　 (employ). 
3. She desperately wanted to win her father’s 　　　　 (approve). 
4.There are no significant 　　　　 (differ) between the education systems of the two countries. 
5. The passengers grew 　　　　 (anger) about the delay. 
6.He gave a practical 　　　　 (demonstrate) of the boat’s military potential. 
7.Price is determined through the 　　　　 (interact) of demand and supply. 
8.She showed great perception in her 　　　　 (assess) of the family situation. 
9.She has the potential to become an 　　　　 (interpret). 
10.Each of the houses is 　　　　 (slight) different. 
答案:1.variety　2.employees　3.approval　 4.differences　5.angry　6.demonstration 7.interaction　8.assessment　9.interpreter 10.slightly
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.I am not good at expressing myself.　　　　　　　　 (相比之下),I am better at thinking indeed. 
2. Could a machine really 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (打破语言障碍)? 
3. Any time you read,you can 　　　　　　　　 (做出推断) about the characters,scenes,and actions. 
4.My favourite season is autumn because the weather is more agreeable 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (与……相比) summer. 
5. It strikes me that nobody is really 　　　　　　　　　　 　　 (赞同) the changes. 
6. The research team is made up of the pupils,whose ages 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(从十岁到二十岁不等). 
7.It’s really interesting that your coat 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (和我的一样). 
8.Could you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (劳您的驾) and turn off that light? 
答案:1.By contrast　2.break down language barriers 3.make inferences　4.by comparison with 5.in favour of　6.vary from 10 to 20　7.is identical to mine　8.do me a favour


假设你是李华,你的孪生兄弟李明让你感到自豪。请根据下列提示,用英语对他做简单介绍。
1.我和我的孪生兄弟李明长得一模一样。(identical;twin)
I am identical to my twin brother Li Ming.
2.他的外貌与我的略有不同。(differ)
His appearance differs slightly from mine.
3.我们的脸颊有轻微的不同。(slight)
There are slight differences in our cheeks.
4.与我相比,他更喜欢与他人进行非语言交流。(by comparison;nonverbal;interaction)
By comparison with me,he prefers to make nonverbal interactions with others.
5.有一天,他在放学回家的路上目睹了一场打架。(witness)
One day,he witnessed a fight on his way home from school.
6.他推断,双方都想和解。(make inference)
He made inferences that both sides wanted to make up with each other.
7.在李明的适当互动下打破了隔阂,最后双方都鞠躬离开了。(barrier;break down;
appropriate;bow)
The barrier was broken down with Li Ming’s appropriate interaction and both sides bowed and left at last.

1.用定语从句合并第1句和第2句。
I am identical to my twin brother Li Ming,whose appearance differs slightly from mine.
2.用强调句升级第7句。
It was with Li Ming’s appropriate interaction that the barrier was broken down and both sides bowed and left at last.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
I am identical to my twin brother Li Ming,whose appearance differs slightly from mine.There are slight differences in our cheeks.By comparison with me,he prefers to make nonverbal interactions with others.One day,he witnessed a fight on his way home from school.He made inferences that both sides wanted to make up with each other.I was really proud of Li Ming.It was with Li Ming’s appropriate interaction that the barrier was broken down and both sides bowed and left at last.

课文概要写作
请根据教材第38～39页课文内容写一篇60词左右的概要。

1. 确定文体及文章主旨大意。
文体:说明文。
主旨大意:本篇文章介绍的是正确理解和运用肢体语言在地域文化中的重要性。语言和肢体语言都可以在我们的互动中给予我们关于他人的信息。然而,肢体语言因文化而异,如眼神交流、表示“好”的手势以及表示“是”和“否”的手势。有些手势似乎在任何地方都有相同的含义,比如“睡觉”和“我饱了”的手势;有些肢体语言在与他人交流时有不同的含义,最典型的例子就是“微笑”。
2.明确各段主旨。

3.概述各段要点。

4.提炼语言,完善概要。
提炼各段要点,去掉多余信息,恰当添加过渡性语句,连句成篇。
Important as words are,body language can also give us information about people’s feelings. However,some body language means differently in different countries. The meanings of some gestures,like making eye contact and OK vary from culture to culture while other gestures mean the same worldwide. Some body language,like a smile,has many different uses.
Part 2　Using Language,Assessing Your Progress,Video Time

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.reveal　　　　vt.揭示;显示;露出
2. tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号
vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声
n.钩号
3.imply vt.意味着;暗示
4. chin n.下巴
5.stare vi.盯着看;凝视
n.凝视
6.ceiling n.天花板;上限
7.chest n.胸部;胸膛
8. merely adv.只是;仅仅;只不过
9. bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心
n.麻烦;不便
10.weep vi.& vt.哭泣;流泪
11. conflict n.矛盾;冲突
vi.冲突;抵触
12. inquire vi.& vt.询问;打听
13.intervene vi.干预;介入
14.component n.组成部分;零件
15. tone n.语气;腔调;口吻
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清→clarification n.澄清,说明;净化
2.educator n.教师;教育工作者;教育家→education n.教育;培养;教育学→educational adj.教育的;有教育意义的→educate vt.教育;培养;训练 vi.教育;训练→educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的
3.tendency n.趋势;倾向→tend vi.趋向,倾向;照料,照顾
4.lower vt.把……放低;降低;减少 adj.下面的;下方的;较小的→low adj.低的,浅的;卑贱的;粗俗的
5. barely adv.几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚→bare adj.空的;赤裸的,无遮蔽的
6.occupy vt.占据;占用→occupation n.职业;占有;消遣;占有期 →occupied adj.已占用的;使用中的
7.distract vt.分散(注意力);使分心→ distraction n.注意力分散;消遣;心烦意乱
8.perceive vt.察觉;看待;理解→perception n.认识能力;知觉,感觉
9.distinguish vi.& vt. 区分;辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的,著名的;高贵的
10.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕→anxious adj.焦虑的;担忧的;渴望的→anxiously adv.不安地,忧虑地
11.embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人尴尬的;令人为难的 →embarrassment n.窘迫,难堪;使人为难的人或事物;拮据
12.ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧→shame n.羞耻,羞愧;憾事,带来耻辱的人
13.ultimately adv.最终;最后→ultimate adj.最终的 n.极限
14.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→adjustment n.调整,调节;调节器→adjustable adj.可调节的
15.react vi.(对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n.反应,感应;反动,复古;反作用→reactive adj.反应的;电抗的;反动的
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.He seemed 　　　　 (anxiety) about the meeting. 
2.It’s very important to lessen the 　　　　(distract) and burden from your mind. 
3.It was so 　　　　 (embarrassed) having to sing in public. 
4.The project 　　　　 (imply) an enormous investment in training. 
5.Listen carefully and make any 　　　　 (adjust) that may be suggested. 
6.One 　　　　 (educate) named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. 
7.There is a growing 　　　　 (tend) among employers to hire casual staff. 
8.He was the most 　　　　 (distinguish) scholar in his field. 
9.I wouldn’t 　　　　 (low) myself by working for him. 
10.All wealth comes 　　　　 (ultimate) from human labour. 
答案:1.anxious　2.distraction　3.embarrassing 4.implies/ implied　5.adjustments　
6.educator　7.tendency　8.distinguished 9.lower　10.ultimately
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.We 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (有种倾向) to follow what’s urgent instead of what’s important. 
2.You should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (为自己感到羞耻) for telling such lies. 
3.John often 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (发生争执) with other people. 
4. His supporters have 　　　　　　　　 (作出反应) the news with excitement. 
5. It took her a while to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (适应独居). 
6.He walked slowly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (好像受伤了) his leg. 
7.They stopped in their tracks and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (盯着他) in amazement. 
8.I want to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (拜访我的老师) and ask him some questions. 
答案:1.have a tendency　2.be/feel ashamed of yourself　3.comes into conflict　4.reacted to　5.adjust to living alone　6.as if/though he had hurt　7.stared at him　 8.call on my teacher


假设你是李华,请根据以下要点写一篇英语短文,介绍你的笔友Tom在学习上的一些
经历。
1.如果老师讲的东西超出了汤姆的理解能力,他就会转移注意力。(tendency;distract)
Tom had a tendency to distract his attention if what the teacher talked about was beyond his understanding.
2.他感到非常尴尬,焦虑地盯着教室的天花板。(embarrassed;stare;anxiety)
He felt embarrassed and he just stared at the ceiling of the classroom with anxiety.
3.他几乎不能在课堂上充实自己。这让他感到羞愧。(barely;occupy;ashamed)
He could barely occupy himself in class.It made him ashamed.
4.他的日记记录了他内心的矛盾。(conflict)
His diary recorded his internal conflict.
5.幸运的是,他的老师意识到了这一点并优化了教学过程。(perceive)
Fortunately,his teacher perceived this and optimized the teaching process.
6.换句话说,他使教学过程变得更简单了。(in other words)
In other words,he made the teaching process much simpler.
7.最终,汤姆取得了很大的进步,成为了一名优秀的学生。(ultimately)
Ultimately,Tom made great progress and became an excellent student.

1.用结果状语从句升级第2句。
He felt so embarrassed that he just stared at the ceiling of the classroom with anxiety.
2.用定语从句升级第3句。
He could barely occupy himself in class,which made him ashamed.
3.用现在分词作状语升级第5句。
Fortunately,having perceived this,his teacher optimized the teaching process.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
Tom had a tendency to distract his attention if what the teacher talked about was beyond his understanding.He felt so embarrassed that he just stared at the ceiling of the classroom with anxiety.What’s worse,he could barely occupy himself in class,which made him ashamed.In fact,his diary recorded his internal conflict.Fortunately,having perceived this,his teacher optimized the teaching process.In other words,he made the teaching process much simpler.Ultimately,Tom made great progress and became an excellent student.

课文语法填空
　　An educator can know what makes his (her) students tick by looking at their body language.It is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,1.　　　　 distracted.If a student has his head 2.　　　　 (low) to look at his watch,it
3.　　　　 (imply) he is bored.If two friends are leaning their heads together,they are 4.　　　　 (probable) writing notes to each other.If some students spend all their time 5.　　　　 (look) anywhere but at the teacher,
they are daydreaming.And the teacher should remind the distracted students
6.　　　　 (pay) attention in class.However,it is sometimes hard 7.　　　　 (distinguish) when students are troubled.Their body language lets the teacher know when to adjust class 8.　　　　 (activity) or when to talk to students individually.So the students can all get the most out 9.　　　　 school.
Reacting to body language is 10.　　　　 important component of being a teacher. 
答案:1.or　2.lowered　3.implies　4.probably　5.looking　6.to pay　7.to distinguish　8.activities 9.of　10.an
UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
Part 1　Reading and Thinking,Learning About Language

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.hybrid　　　n.杂交植(动)物;合成物;混合动力车
2.tackle vt.解决(难题);应付(局面);处理
3.crisis n.危机;危急关头
4. boost vt.使增长;使兴旺
n.增长;提高;激励
5.yield n.产量;产出
vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益
等)
vi.屈服;让步
6.attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到
7.overcome vt.克服;解决;战胜
8.output n.产量;输出;输出量
vt.输出
9.domestic adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;
家庭的
10.comprise vt.包括;包含;由……组成
11.generate vt.产生;引起
12.leisure n.闲暇;休闲;空闲
13.soil n.泥土;土壤;国土;领土
14.celebrity n.名望;名誉;名人;名流
15.envision vt.展望;想象
16.sorghum n.高粱;高粱米
17.broom n.扫把;扫帚;金雀花
18.grain n.谷物;谷粒;颗粒
19.urban adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的
20.bomb n.炸弹
vt.轰炸;对……投炸弹
21.tunnel n.地下通道;地道;隧道
22.wheat n.小麦;小麦籽
23.flavour n.味道;特点;特色
24.salty adj. 含盐的;咸的
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于 →devotion n.献身;奉献;深爱;挚爱→devoted adj.献身的;忠诚的,挚爱的
2.shortage n.不足;缺少;短缺→short adj.短的;不足的→ shortly adv.立刻;简短地;唐突地→shorten vt.缩短;减少;变短
3.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服→convinced adj.确信的;深信的→convincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的
4.characteristic n.特征;特点;品质 adj.典型的;独特的 → character n.性格,品质;特性;角色;书写符号;字母;(汉)字
5.conventional adj.传统的;习惯的→
conventionally adv.照惯例→convention n.社会习俗;行为规范;惯例;准则
6.pollinate vt.授粉;传粉→pollen n.花粉
7.assumption n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权利的)获得→assume vi.设想;承担;采取
8.intense adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的→intensity n.强度;强烈→intensive adj.加强的;强化的;集中的;密集的
9.expand vt.&vi.扩大;增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务)→expansion n.膨胀;阐述;扩张物
10.estimate vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计;估算→estimation n.估计;尊重→estimated adj.估计的;预计的;估算的
11.consumption n.消耗;消耗量;消费→consume vt.消耗;消费→consumer n.消费者;用户;顾客
12.strain n.(动、植物的)系;品种;拉伤;压力→strained adj. 紧张的;勉强的
13.vision n.想象;视力;视野;影像→visible adj.明显的;看得见的→visibility n.能见度;可见性
14.reality n.现实;实际情况;事实 → realise vt.实现;认识到 → really adv.实际上,事实上;真正地 → real adj.实际的;真实的
15.extension n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机→extent n.程度;范围;长度→extensive adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的
16.chemical adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.化学制品;化学品→chemistry n.化学;化学
过程
17.fertiliser n.肥料→fertilise vt.使肥沃;给……施肥→fertile adj.肥沃的;丰富的
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.His 　　　　 (devote) to his wife and family is touching. 
2.What they said sounded 　　　　 (convince) to me. 
3.Our main problem is the 　　　　 (short) of skills. 
4.This is based on the 　　　　 (assume) that science is universal,objective and reliable. 
5.It is 　　　　 (estimate) that the project will last four years. 
6.In the world 97.5 % of our water resources are 　　　　 (salt)—it’s sea water. 
7.The average daily 　　　　 (consume) of fruits and vegetables is around 200 grams. 
8.The 　　　　 (expand) of higher education should be a powerful force for change. 
9.She was a respectable married woman with 　　　　 (convention) opinions. 
10.He did well in mathematics,but barely scraped through in 　　　　 (chemist).
答案:1.devotion　2.convincing　3.shortage　4.assumption　5.estimated　6.salty　7.consumption　 8.expansion　 9.conventional　10.chemistry
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.They have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (倾注了全部心血) the care of homeless people. 
2.We knew 　　　　　　　　(在内心深处) that we could finish the task ahead of time. 
3.It will not be long before we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (把希望变成现实). 
4.You must 　　　　　　　　 (让路) traffic on the main road. 
答案:1.devoted all their energies to　2.deep down　3.turn our hope into reality　
4.yield to


假设你是李华,你校有200名教师,他们都很努力工作,但随着学校规模的扩大和学生人数的增加,出现了师资严重短缺的问题。请根据下列提示,写一篇英语短文,介绍你的学校。
1.目前我们学校的教师队伍由200名教师组成。(be composed of)
At present the teaching staff in our school is composed of 200 teachers.
2.他们都致力于寻找提高我们成绩的方法。(devote)
All of them are devoted to searching for the methods to improve our grades.
3.随着学校规模的扩大和学生人数的增加,出现了师资严重短缺的问题,这使校长很担心。(expand;intense;shortage)
As the school expanded and the number of students increased,an intense shortage for teachers aroused and the shortage made the headmaster very worried.
4.据我们估计,学校急需40多名新教师。(estimate)
We estimated that more than 40 new teachers are in urgent need.
5.为了应对这一危机,学校发布了一则招聘启事。(tackle;crisis)
To tackle the crisis,a job posting was made and released by the school.
6.我们都相信,新教师的到来将大大促进我们学校的发展。(convince;boost)
We are all convinced that the arrival of new teachers will give our school a big boost towards development.

1.用定语从句合并第1句和第2句。
At present the teaching stuff in our school is composed of 200 teachers,all of whom are devoted to searching for the methods to improve our grades.
2.用现在分词作状语升级第3句。
As the school expanded and the number of students increased,an intense shortage for teachers aroused, making the headmaster very worried.
3.用it作形式主语的主语从句升级第4句。
It is estimated that more than 40 new teachers are in urgent need.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
At present the teaching stuff in our school is composed of 200 teachers,all of whom are devoted to searching for the methods to improve our grades.As the school expanded and the number of students increased,an intense shortage for teachers aroused,making the headmaster very worried.As a matter of fact,it is estimated that more than 40 new teachers are in urgent need.To tackle the crisis,a job posting was made and released.We are all convinced that the arrival of new teachers will give our school a big boost towards development.

课文概要写作
请根据教材第50～51页课文内容写一篇60词左右的概要。

1.确定文体及文章主旨大意。
文体:记叙文。
主旨大意:本文介绍的是农业科学家袁隆平,主要介绍了他的生平事迹、从事农业研究的原因、他为解决粮食短缺问题所付出的努力与取得的成就等,尤其是展现了袁隆平低调、朴素的生活与他对农业的热情形成对比。
2.明确各段主旨。

3.概述各段要点。

4.提炼语言,完善概要。
提炼各段要点,去掉多余信息,恰当添加过渡性语句,连句成篇。
Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer.Concerned about the farmers often having poor harvests and the serious food shortage,he chose to study agriculture.After graduating,he overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice,which has helped feed not just China,but many other countries.Yuan’s latest vision is seawater rice,which has also become a reality.Though famous as the “father of hybrid rice”,he cares little for wealth or fame.
Part 2　Using Language,Assessing Your Progress,Video Time

Ⅰ.基础识记
1.alleviate　　　vt.减轻;缓解
2.pesticide n.杀虫剂;除害药物
3.widespread adj.分布广的;普遍的;广泛的
4.bacterium n.细菌
5.digest vt.& vi.消化
vt.领会;领悟
n.摘要;文摘
6.alternative n.可供选择的事物
adj.可供替代的;非传统的
7.grocery n.食品杂货店;[pl.]食品杂货
8.instance n.例子;实例;事例
9.root n.根;根茎;根部;根源
10.aspect n.方面;层面
Ⅱ.拓展识记
1.nutritional adj.营养(物)的 → nutritious adj.有营养的;营养丰富的 → nutrition n.营养;滋养
2.poverty n.贫穷;贫困 → poor adj.贫穷的;可怜的→poorly adv.贫穷地;贫乏地
3.organic adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的 → organ n.器官;机构;风琴 → organisation n.组织;机构;体制;团体→ organise vt.组织;使有系统化→organically adv.有机地;有组织地;器官上地
4.essential adj.完全必要的;极其重要的 → essentially adv.本质上;本来
5.depth n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)→deep adj.深的;纵深的 → deeply adv.非常,极其;深深地→ deepen vt.使加深;使强烈;使低沉
6.mineral n. 矿物;矿物质→mine n.矿;矿山;pron. 我的→miner n.矿工
Ⅲ.语境填词
1.I suppose your presence here today is not 　　　　 (entire) coincidental. 
2.Fewer and fewer people live in 　　　　 (poor) with the development of economy. 
3.What’s the 　　　　 (deep) of the lake? 
4.The book aims to cover all 　　　　 (aspect) of city life. 
5.Cooking vegetables reduces their 　　　　(nutrition) value. 
6.There are three 　　　　 (essential) different ways of solving the problem. 
7.You’d better choose 　　　　 (organic) grown foods if possible. 
8.This shows that the contradiction between supply and demand have been partially 　　　　 (alleviate). 
9.I have given the matter much thought,examining all the possible 　　　　 (alternative). 
10.There are many 　　　　 (instance) of good people and good deeds in our factory. 
答案:1.entirely　2.poverty　3.depth　4.aspects　 5.nutritional　6.essentially　7.organically 8.alleviated　9.alternatives　10.instances
Ⅳ.情境运用
1.Suddenly the lights 　　　　　　　　 (聚焦于) the piano on the stage. 
2.He asked each of them three questions　　　　　　　　 (轮流). 
3.Nowadays we try to keep our rivers 　　　　　　　　 (免除) town and factory waste. 
4.Most food webs,　　　　　　　　 (比如),consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. 
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (还有很长的路要走) to work out all the problems concerning preservation of natural resources. 
答案:1.focused on　2.in turn　3.free of　4.for instance　5.There is still a long way to go


假设你是李华,最近你对有机农业产生了很大的兴趣,通过网络了解了很多相关知识,并有很多感悟,请你为你校的英文版报纸写一篇稿件,谈谈你对当前农业的看法。
1.一些贫穷国家的农民使用大量化肥,希望以此减轻贫困,这种做法很普遍。(widespread;alleviate;poverty)
It’s widespread that farmers in some poor countries use large quantities of fertilisers and they are hoping to alleviate poverty.
2.农业科学家已经证明,化学农业对土地有害,使农产品缺乏营养。(chemical;nutritious)
Agricultural scientists have proved that chemical farming could harm the land and make the produce less nutritious.
3.我认为我们应该做的是集中发展有机农业,同时要减少化肥和杀虫剂的使用。(organic;fertiliser;pesticide)
I think what we should do is to focus on developing organic farming while we should reduce the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides.
4.我们也应该寻找其他替代方法来为我们的餐桌生产安全的食物。(alternative)
We should also seek other alternative methods to produce safe food for our dinner table.
5.例如,我们可以利用不同深度的土壤种植作物来充分利用土地。(for instance;depth)
For instance,we can grow crops that use different depths of soil to make full use of the earth.

1.用介词短语升级第1句。
It’s widespread that farmers in some poor countries use large quantities of fertilisers in the hope of alleviating poverty.
2.用what引导的主语从句升级第2句。
What agricultural scientists have proved is that chemical farming could harm the land and make the produce less nutritious.
3.用省略句升级第3句。
I think what we should do is to focus on developing organic farming while reducing the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides.
4.用现在分词作状语升级第5句。
For instance,we can grow crops using different depths of soil to make full use of the earth.

用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。在过渡词语或句子下面加下画线。
It’s widespread that farmers in some poor countries use large quantities of fertilisers in the hope of alleviating poverty.What agricultural scientists have proved is that chemical farming could harm the land and make the produce less nutritious.I think what we should do is to focus on developing organic farming while reducing the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides.And we should also seek other alternative methods to produce safe food for our dinner table.For instance,we can grow crops using different depths of soil to make full use of the earth.

课文语法填空
Since the mid-20th century it has become very common for farmers to use chemical fertilisers in farming.It is 1.　　　　 great way to stop crop disease and increase production.2.　　　 　 (recent),however,scientists have been
finding that long-term use of these fertilisers can cause damage to the land and make people 3.　　　　 (healthy).There are lots of problems 4.　　　　 (cause) by chemical fertilisers. 
Therefore some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming,which is 5.　 　　　 (simple) farming without using any chemicals.
Farmers focus on 6.　　　　 (keep) their soil rich and free 7.　　　　 disease by using different methods.For example,they prefer using 8.　　　　 (nature) waste from animals as fertiliser.They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every 9.　　　　 (year).They also plant crops to use different levels of soil.All of these methods try to produce good food 10.　　　　 keep the environment and people healthy. 
答案:1.a　2.Recently　3.unhealthy　4.caused　5.simply　6.keeping　7.of/from　8.natural 9.year　10.and