2022秋新教材高中英语Unit12Innovation课件北师大版选择性必修第四册

这是一份2022秋新教材高中英语Unit12Innovation课件北师大版选择性必修第四册，共20页。

UNIT 12　INNOVATION美 文 导 入素养解读：近几年英语高考的突出特点是坚持能力立意，突出对核心素养的考查。下面这篇文章就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开的。文章介绍了与本单元科技创新话题紧密相关的内容，有助于提升同学们对新兴科技的兴趣，从而树立积极的钻研科学、投身于科学的探索精神。主题：人与自然学科素养：思维品质难度系数：★★★★★【语篇导读】本文介绍了Yaron Gurovich研究出一种新的分析面部照片的神经网，可以通过分析面部图片帮助医生缩小诊断范围，从而可以实现人工智能看脸识别疾病。People with genetic syndromes (综合征) sometimes have revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural (神经系统) network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities. Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and return a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have. They based the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labeled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked AI to identify potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 percent of the time. Gurovich and his team also tested the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations (基因突变) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome(努南综合征), which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 percent of the time. It’s clearly not perfect, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this. As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that are most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance. The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about privacy. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle，secretly use such techniques to discriminate against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. However, Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians. This technique could bring significant benefits for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, in turn, help find new treatments or cures. 注：努南综合征(Noonan syndrome)是一种在临床上具有相同的表型，但是在遗传上却存在异质性的疾病。tricky /'trɪkɪ/ adj. 狡猾的；机警的；棘手的identify /aɪ'dentɪfaɪ/ vt.确定；鉴定；识别；辨认出；使参与；把……看成一样　vi.确定；认同；一致disorder /dɪs'ɔːdər/ n．骚乱；混乱probability /ˌprɒbə'bɪləti/ n．可能性；概率○课标词汇narrow down 缩小；限制；减少result from 起因于；由……造成in principle 大体上；原则上discriminate against 歧视；区别对待be available for 有效；对……有用cut down 削减；砍倒；杀死1．As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that are most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view. ○句型精析分析：这是一个复合句。句子的主语为“the facial regions”，谓语为 “are highlighted”和 “made available”；“that are most helpful in the determination”是定语从句，“As the system makes its assessments”为状语。译文：在这个系统作出评估的时候，在测定中最有帮助作用的面部区域被照亮，使医生得以仔细检查。2．If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle，secretly use such techniques to discriminate against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. 分析：这是一个复合句“If faces can reveal details about genetics”是条件状语从句，in principle，secretly 是状语，“to discriminate against people”是动词不定式作目的状语，“who have a high probability of having certain disorders”是定语从句，修饰先行词people。译文：如果面部能透露基因的详细情况，那么，雇主和保险公司大体上就能秘密地运用这些的技术区别对待那些很可能有一定疾病的人员。核心素养目标【语言技能】掌握形容词和短语介词方面的用法；熟练运用I’m afraid, would you please tell us, does that mean, could you explain来表达有礼貌的请求；学会介绍一个发明家及其发明；通过网络、书刊了解一些最新最有意义的发明创造。【素养提升】充分认识到科技是人类进步的重要力量；逐步积累科学、技术方面的知识，培养自己的科学素养；关心科学、技术的发展，树立投身于科技创新的理想，造福人类。